CN116241187B - Square hole drill - Google Patents
Square hole drill Download PDFInfo
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- CN116241187B CN116241187B CN202310531040.8A CN202310531040A CN116241187B CN 116241187 B CN116241187 B CN 116241187B CN 202310531040 A CN202310531040 A CN 202310531040A CN 116241187 B CN116241187 B CN 116241187B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 58
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011176 pooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
- E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B27/00—Containers for collecting or depositing substances in boreholes or wells, e.g. bailers, baskets or buckets for collecting mud or sand; Drill bits with means for collecting substances, e.g. valve drill bits
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a square hole bores relates to drilling technical field, and square hole bores including three brill wings, collection section of thick bamboo and actuating mechanism. The drill wings comprise a carrier and a plurality of drill teeth arranged on the carrier, and the three drill wings are fixed on the collecting cylinder. The inner ends of the three carriers are converged to form converging ends, the outer ends of the three carriers are distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the collecting cylinder, the converging ends are positioned at the center point of the Lorentzian triangle, the three outer ends are respectively positioned at three vertexes of the Lorentzian triangle, and a plurality of drilling teeth on the carriers are distributed on the connecting lines of the center point of the Lorentzian triangle and the corresponding vertexes; the collecting cylinder is in the area surrounded by the triangle of the orthographic projection position Yu Leluo on the axis of the collecting cylinder. The driving mechanism is connected with the collecting cylinder and is used for driving the three drilling wings to move. The square hole drill can directly drill square holes, and has simple drilling process and high drilling efficiency; meanwhile, in the process of lifting the drill bit, the drill bit can bring out part of rock debris, so that the rock debris cleaning efficiency is improved, and the construction cost is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling, in particular to a square hole drill.
Background
The drill bit is an important component of a rotary drilling rig and provides drilling for the rig. Along with the development of the times, the advantages of the square hole pile are more and more obvious, and the traditional rotary digging can only punch round holes. The existing square hole drill bit applied to foundation construction can only repair holes, the drilling tool does not do cutting motion on the circumference in the holes, and only round holes can be drilled first and then the square holes can be trimmed. And after drilling, the rock scraps are taken out by matching with a sand scooping bucket or a continuous wall grab bucket.
The inventor researches find that the prior drilling equipment has at least the following disadvantages:
the drilling efficiency is low, the rock debris is inconvenient to collect, and the operation cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a square hole drill which can provide square hole drilling efficiency, can collect and discharge rock fragments in the drilling process, and is low in operation cost.
Embodiments of the present invention are implemented as follows:
the invention provides a square hole drill, comprising:
the three drilling wings comprise carriers and a plurality of drilling teeth arranged on the carriers, the carriers of the three drilling wings are fixed on the collecting cylinders, the inner ends of the three carriers are converged to form converging ends, the outer ends of the three carriers are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the collecting cylinders, the converging ends are positioned at the center point of the Lorentzia triangle, the three outer ends are respectively positioned at the three peaks of the Lorentzia triangle, and the drilling teeth on the carriers are arranged on the connecting lines of the center point of the Lorentzia triangle and the corresponding peaks; the orthographic projection of the collecting cylinder on the axis of the collecting cylinder is positioned in an area surrounded by the Lo triangle;
the driving mechanism is connected with the collecting cylinder and is used for driving the three drilling wings to move in a square mode through the collecting cylinder.
In an alternative embodiment, the collecting cylinder comprises a cylinder body, a connecting rod and a connector, wherein one end of the cylinder body is provided with an opening, the other end of the cylinder body is provided with a closed end, one end of the connecting rod is fixed to the closed end, the connector is connected with the other end of the connecting rod, and the inner ends of the three drilling wings are all gathered on the connector; the carrier is fixedly connected with the cylinder, the cylinder and the three carriers are matched together to form three openings for rock debris to enter and exit, and the three openings are distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the cylinder; the orthographic projection of the cylinder body on the axis of the cylinder body is positioned in the area surrounded by the Lo triangle.
In an alternative embodiment, the open end of the cylinder is provided with three clamping grooves, and the carrier is clamped in the clamping grooves.
In an alternative embodiment, the carrier comprises a first plate and a second plate, each of which has drilling teeth disposed thereon; the first plate is fixed on the cylinder body, the second plate is fixed on the connector, and the connector is rotatably matched with the connecting rod; three communication holes are formed in the open end of the cylinder;
when the connector rotates relative to the connecting rod, the connector is provided with a first position and a second position which are mutually switched, when the connector is positioned at the first position, the first plate is in butt joint with the second plate, the drilling teeth on the first plate and the drilling teeth on the second plate are positioned on the connecting line of the center point and the corresponding vertex of the Lo triangle, the three openings are respectively communicated with the three communication holes in one-to-one correspondence, and the cylinder body and the connector are relatively fixed in the first rotation direction only so as to drive the three drilling wings to drill square holes through the cylinder body;
when the three drilling wings are positioned at the second position, the first plate and the second plate are separated, the three openings are staggered in one-to-one correspondence with the three communication holes respectively, the openings and the communication holes are plugged, and the cylinder body and the connector are relatively fixed only in a second rotation direction opposite to the first rotation direction, so that the three drilling wings are driven to exit the square holes through the cylinder body.
In an alternative embodiment, the open end of the cylinder is provided with a first closing plate, and the three communication holes are all arranged on the first closing plate and are distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the cylinder; the connector is provided with a second sealing plate, and three openings are defined by the second plate, the second sealing plate and the cylinder; when in the second position, the first closing plate closes the three openings, and the second closing plate closes the three communication holes.
In an alternative embodiment, a limiting block is arranged on the first closing plate; the second plate is provided with a first blocking side, the second closing plate is provided with a second blocking side, the first blocking side and the second blocking side are distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the cylinder body, when the second closing plate is in the first position, the second blocking side is abutted with the limiting block, and when the second closing plate is in the second position, the first blocking side is abutted with the limiting block.
In an alternative embodiment, the first plate is provided with a positioning groove, the second plate is provided with a positioning protrusion, and when the first plate is in the first position, the positioning protrusion is clamped in the positioning groove.
In an alternative embodiment, the driving mechanism comprises a centralizer, a first end plate, a transmission toothed ring, a transmission gear, a transmission shaft and a second end plate, wherein the centralizer is connected with the transmission toothed ring and is used for being abutted on the wall of the square hole; the first end plate and the second end plate are rotatably connected with the transmission toothed ring and distributed at two ends on the axis of the transmission toothed ring; the transmission gear is connected with the transmission shaft and meshed with the transmission toothed ring; the transmission shaft is simultaneously and rotatably connected with the first end plate and the second end plate, and penetrates through the second end plate; the axis of the transmission shaft is offset from the rotation axes of the first end plate and the second end plate; the first end plate is used for being connected with a drill rod; the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with the collecting cylinder and coaxially arranged.
In an alternative embodiment, the transmission ratio of the transmission toothed ring to the transmission gear is 3/4.
In an alternative embodiment, a plurality of the centralizers are detachably spliced.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in summary, the square hole drill provided in this embodiment is configured with three drill wings, each drill wing corresponds to the connection position of the center point and the vertex of the luxuriant triangle, and the plurality of drill teeth on each drill wing are all distributed at intervals in the extending direction of the corresponding connection line, so when the driving mechanism drives the three drill wings to rotate synchronously through the collecting cylinder, the motion track of each drill tooth on each drill wing is square, so that the square hole can be directly drilled through the cooperation of the three drill wings, the forming quality of the square hole is high, and compared with the existing mode of repairing the hole after drilling the round hole, the steps are simplified, the time is shortened, and the construction efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, due to the structural design of the three drilling wings, the three drilling wings are simple in overall structure, convenient to process and manufacture and low in manufacturing cost. An opening is formed between adjacent drilling wings, in the drilling process, massive rock chips enter the collecting barrel from the opening, rock chip collection is achieved in the drilling process, when the drilling operation is finished and the drill bit is withdrawn, part of rock chips can be directly taken out of the square hole, rock chip collection efficiency is improved, the subsequent rock chip collection workload is reduced, and construction cost is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a square hole drill according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a collector drum and drill wings according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a collection canister and drill wings from another perspective in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a collection canister according to another embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a modified embodiment of a square hole drill according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a driving mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic side view of a collecting barrel and a drill wing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon:
100-drilling wings; 101-a pooling end; 102-outer end; 103-opening; 110-a carrier; 111-a first plate; 112-a second plate; 113-a first barrier side; 120-drilling teeth; 200-collecting cylinder; 210-a cylinder; 211-a first end; 212-a second end; 220-connecting rods; 230-connecting heads; 240-a first closing plate; 241-communication holes; 250-a second closure panel; 251-a second blocking side; 260-limiting blocks; 300-a driving mechanism; 310-centralizer; 320-a first end plate; 330-a drive ring gear; 340-a transmission gear; 350-a transmission shaft; 360-a second end plate; 370-plug bush.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or are directions or positional relationships conventionally put in use of the inventive product, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal," "vertical," and the like do not denote a requirement that the component be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but rather may be slightly inclined. As "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the prior art, the mode of drilling square holes is generally to drill round holes by using a drill bit, then repair the round holes by using a drilling tool to obtain square holes, so that the construction is complicated and the construction efficiency is low. Meanwhile, in the process of taking out the drill bit from the drill hole, the drill bit is separated from the rock fragments, the drill bit cannot bring out the rock fragments, the sand bailing bucket is required to be reused to extend into the hole to collect the rock fragments, the operation efficiency is low, and the construction cost is high.
In view of the above, the setter provides a square hole drill which can directly drill square holes, has simple drilling process and high drilling efficiency; meanwhile, in the process of lifting the drill bit, the drill bit can bring out part of rock debris, so that the rock debris cleaning efficiency is improved, and the construction cost is saved.
Referring to fig. 1-7, in the present embodiment, the square hole drill includes three drill wings 100, a collection drum 200, and a driving mechanism 300. Each of the wings 100 includes a carrier 110 and a plurality of teeth 120 provided on the carrier 110, and the carriers 110 of three wings 100 are fixed to the collecting drum 200. The inner ends of the three carriers 110 are converged to form a converging end 101, the outer ends 102 of the three carriers 110 are distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the collecting cylinder 200, the converging end 101 is positioned at the center point of the Lorentzian triangle, the three outer ends 102 are respectively positioned at the three vertexes of the Lorentzian triangle, and the plurality of drilling teeth 120 on each carrier 110 are distributed on the connection line between the center point of the Lorentzian triangle and the corresponding vertexes; the cartridge 200 is in the area enclosed by the triangle of the orthographic projection Yu Leluo on its axis. The driving mechanism 300 is connected with the collecting barrel 200, and is used for driving the three drilling wings 100 to move in a square manner through the collecting barrel 200.
In view of the above, the working principle of the square hole drill provided in this embodiment is as follows:
through setting up three brill wings 100, every brill wing 100 corresponds the line position of the central point and the summit of luxuriant triangle, a plurality of brill teeth 120 on every brill wing 100 all are in the extending direction interval distribution who corresponds the line, therefore, when actuating mechanism 300 passes through the cylinder 200 and drives three brill wing 100 and rotate in step, the motion track of every brill tooth 120 on every brill wing 100 is square, so, can be through three brill wings 100 cooperation direct drilling square hole, the shaping quality of square hole is high, compare with the mode of repairing the hole after boring the round hole earlier in the prior art, simplify the step, shorten time, and improved the efficiency of construction. Meanwhile, due to the structural design of the three drill wings 100, the three drill wings are simple in overall structure, convenient to process and manufacture and low in manufacturing cost. The opening 103 is formed between the adjacent drilling wings 100, in the drilling process, massive rock chips enter the collecting barrel 200 from the opening 103, rock chip collection is achieved in the drilling process, meanwhile, the rock chips entering the collecting barrel 200 are borne by the carrier 110, because the rock chips are massive, pulling force is formed between the rock chips, under the premise that the rock chips at the bottom are borne by the carrier 110, when the drilling operation is finished and the drill bit is withdrawn, the rock chips are not easy to fall from the opening 103, so that part of the rock chips can be directly taken out of square holes, the rock chip collection efficiency is improved, the operation amount for subsequently collecting the rock chips is reduced, and the construction cost is reduced.
The following examples illustrate the detailed structure of the reamer provided herein.
Referring to fig. 3-5, in this embodiment, alternatively, the carrier 110 is configured as a split structure, the carrier 110 includes a first plate 111 and a second plate 112, the first plate 111 and the second plate 112 are both rectangular plates, the first plate 111 and the second plate 112 are both fixed on the collecting cylinder 200, and the first plate 111 and the second plate 112 can be staggered or spliced together during the rotation of the collecting cylinder 200. Meanwhile, the first plate 111 and the second plate 112 are respectively provided with a plurality of drilling teeth 120, and when the first plate 111 and the second plate 112 are spliced, the plurality of drilling teeth 120 on the first plate 111 and the plurality of drilling teeth 120 on the second plate 112 are positioned on the connecting line of the central point and the corresponding vertex of the Lo triangle, and in this state, square hole drilling operation can be performed through the cooperation of the plurality of drilling teeth 120 on the drilling wings 100.
Further, after the first plate 111 and the second plate 112 are assembled to the collecting cylinder 200, the plate surfaces of the first plate 111 and the second plate 112 form an acute angle or an obtuse angle with the center of the collecting cylinder 200 passing through the axis thereof. The first plate 111 is provided with a positioning groove on one plate surface on the shaft system of the collecting barrel 200, the second plate 112 is provided with a positioning protrusion, and when the first plate 111 and the second plate 112 are spliced, the positioning protrusion is clamped in the positioning groove, so that the combination firmness of the first plate 111 and the second plate 112 is improved.
Referring to fig. 2-5, in this embodiment, the collecting barrel 200 includes a barrel 210, a connecting rod 220, a connecting head 230, a first closing plate 240 and a second closing plate 250. Wherein, the connecting rod 220 is fixedly connected with the cylinder 210, and the connecting rod 220 is coaxially arranged with the cylinder 210. The connection head 230 is rotatably engaged with the connection rod 220 around the axis of the connection rod 220, the first closing plate 240 is fixedly connected with the cylinder 210, and the second closing plate 250 is fixedly connected with the connection head 230. Specifically, the barrel 210 is configured as a cylindrical structure, the barrel 210 has a first end 211 and a second end 212 opposite to each other on an axis thereof, the first end 211 is configured as a closed end, the second end 212 is configured as an open end, three first plates 111 of the three drill wings 100 are fixed on the barrel 210 and are disposed close to the second end 212, the three first plates 111 are uniformly spaced apart in a circumferential direction of the barrel 210, and each first plate 111 is convexly disposed on an outer circumferential surface of the barrel 210. The connecting rod 220 is inserted into the barrel 210 from the second end 212 and fixedly connected to the closed end. The connector 230 is sleeved outside the connecting rod 220 through a bearing, and the connector 230 is rotatably connected with the connecting rod 220. The first closing plate 240 is provided with three communication holes 241, and the three communication holes 241 are uniformly spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the cylinder 210. The second sealing plate 250 is mounted on the connector 230, the second plates 112 of the three drilling wings 100 are all fixed on the second sealing plate 250, the three drilling wings 100 and the cylinder 210 cooperate together to form three openings 103 for rock debris to enter and exit, and the three openings 103 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the cylinder 210. Meanwhile, the first closing plate 240 is provided with a stopper 260, the second plate 112 has a first blocking side 113, the second closing plate 250 has a second blocking side 251, the first blocking side 113 and the second blocking side 251 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the cylinder 210, and for convenience of description, please combine the view angle shown in fig. 5, the first blocking side 113 is located in front of the second blocking side 251 in the first rotation direction, i.e., in the clockwise direction, and the first blocking side 113 is located behind the second blocking side 251 in the second rotation direction, i.e., in the counterclockwise direction.
Since the connection head 230 is rotatably connected with the connection rod 220, the connection rod 220 is fixed on the cylinder 210, that is, the connection head 230 is rotatably matched with the cylinder 210, and by the structural design of the limiting block 260, when the cylinder 210 is subjected to the torque provided by the drill rod, the cylinder 210 rotates in the first rotation direction and the second rotation direction, and has different matching modes with the connection head 230. Specifically, during construction, the cylinder 210 directly receives the torque transmitted by the drill pipe, and can actively rotate, and the connector 230 can be understood as a suspended device, which is a passive force-bearing member. During the rotation of the cylinder 210 relative to the connection head 230, the connection head 230 has a first position and a second position that are switched with each other according to the positions of the cylinder 210 and the connection head 230. When the connector 230 is at the first position, the first plate 111 and the second plate 112 are abutted, the positioning protrusion is inserted into the positioning groove, the limiting block 260 is abutted against the second blocking side 251 on the second sealing plate 250, meanwhile, the drilling teeth 120 on the first plate 111 and the drilling teeth 120 on the second plate 112 are located on the connecting line of the center point and the corresponding vertex of the luxuriant triangle, and the three openings 103 are respectively communicated with the three communication holes 241 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, in this state, the cylinder 210 and the connector 230 are relatively fixed only in the first rotation direction, so as to drive the three drilling wings 100 to drill square holes through the cylinder 210. During drilling, since the opening 103 and the communication hole 241 are communicated, rock fragments generated during drilling can be introduced into the cylinder 210 from the opening 103 and the communication hole 241. Moreover, since the first plate 111 is fixed on the cylinder 210, the first plate is directly driven to rotate by the cylinder 210, and the second plate 112 is driven to rotate by the limiting block 260, so that the shearing forces applied to the first plate 111 and the second plate 112 are smaller, the drilling wing 100 is not easily damaged due to overlarge stress in the use process, the service life of the drilling wing 100 is long, and the failure rate is low. That is, by providing the drill wings 100 as a split structure of the first plate 111 and the second plate 112, the lengths of the first plate 111 and the second plate 112 in the radial direction of the cylinder 210 are smaller than the length of the monolithic carrier 110, and the first plate 111 and the second plate 112 are less likely to be damaged due to a shearing force applied during drilling. Further, the torque of the first plate 111 is directly transmitted through the cylinder 210, so that the force transmission is more direct, and the rock breaking capacity is high.
When the connector 230 is at the second position, the first plate 111 and the second plate 112 are separated, the three openings 103 are staggered in one-to-one correspondence with the three communication holes 241, the openings 103 are blocked by the first blocking plate 240, the communication holes 241 are blocked by the second blocking plate 250, the first blocking side 113 abuts against the limiting block 260, and in this state, the cylinder 210 and the connector 230 are relatively fixed only in the second rotation direction opposite to the first rotation direction, so that the three drilling wings 100 can be driven to exit the square hole by the cylinder 210 through rotation and lifting. In the process of exiting the square hole, since the opening 103 and the communication hole 241 are both closed, rock fragments are not easy to leak out from the cylinder 210, and the rock fragments are collected and discharged effectively.
Further, referring to fig. 8, the height of the teeth 120 on the first plate 111 is higher than the height of the teeth 120 on the second plate 112, that is, a distance L is provided between the lowest side of the teeth 120 on the first plate 111 and the lowest side of the teeth 120 on the second plate 112, so that during drilling, the teeth 120 on the second plate 112 contact the formation and perform drilling operation, and after the teeth 120 on the second plate 112 drill for L distances, the teeth 120 on the first plate 111 contact the formation around the second plate 112 and perform drilling operation. In the drilling process of the drilling teeth 120 on the first plate 111, due to the design of the height difference, and the distance between the drilling teeth 120 on the second plate 112 and the opening 103 in the axial direction of the barrel 210 is set, namely, the height difference between the opening 103 and the drilling teeth 120 on the second plate 112 is set, rock fragments generated when the drilling teeth 120 on the first plate 111 drill can move from the periphery of the barrel 210 to the center of the barrel 210 under the action of gravity and under the extrusion of the first plate 111, so that the rock fragments are extruded into the barrel 210 from the opening 103, and the collection of the rock fragments is facilitated.
Referring to fig. 3-5, it should be noted that the drill teeth 120 on the first plate 111 are protruding on the side surface of the first plate 111 corresponding to the second end 212 of the cylinder 210, and the drill teeth on the first plate 111 are inclined outwards, that is, one end of the drill teeth far away from the first plate 111 protrudes outwards compared with one end of the drill teeth connected with the first plate 111, which has the effect of planing the rock debris inwards, and the rock debris collecting effect is better. The drill teeth 120 on the second plate 112 are protruding on the side of the second plate 112 corresponding to the second end 212 of the barrel 210. Meanwhile, the drilling teeth 120 on the first plate 111 and the drilling teeth 120 on the second plate 112 are both protruded from the end surface of the second end 212 of the cylinder 210, so that rock debris is easily introduced into the cylinder 210 through the opening 103 during drilling.
Referring to fig. 6-7, in this embodiment, optionally, the driving mechanism 300 includes a centralizer 310, a first end plate 320, a transmission ring gear 330, a transmission gear 340, a transmission shaft 350, and a second end plate 360. The centralizer 310 is connected with the transmission toothed ring 330, and the centralizer 310 is used for being abutted on the wall of the square hole; the first end plate 320 and the second end plate 360 are rotatably connected to the driving gear ring 330 and distributed at both ends on the axis of the driving gear ring 330. For example, the first end plate 320 and the second end plate 360 are rotatably coupled to both ends of the driving gear ring 330 by pivoting supports, respectively. The transmission gear 340 is connected with the transmission shaft 350, the transmission gear 340 is meshed with the transmission gear ring 330, the transmission ratio of the transmission gear ring 330 to the transmission gear 340 is 3/4, that is, every time the drill rod rotates one round, the transmission gear 340 rotates one round, the cylinder 210 and the three drilling wings 100 rotate together with the transmission gear 340 one round, the cylinder 210 and the three drilling wings 100 rotate 4/3 circles simultaneously, the running track of the drilling teeth 120 on each drilling wing 100 is square, and finally, square hole drilling is realized through the cooperation of the three drilling wings 100, the drilling efficiency is high, and the hole forming quality is high. The transmission shaft 350 is rotatably connected to both the first end plate 320 and the second end plate 360, and the transmission shaft 350 penetrates the second end plate 360; the axis of drive shaft 350 is offset from the axis of rotation of first end plate 320 and second end plate 360; the first end plate 320 is used for connecting with a drill rod; the drive shaft 350 is fixedly connected to the cartridge 200 and coaxially disposed. The anti-rotation member can be a square frame, the anti-rotation member is sleeved outside the transmission toothed ring 330, the anti-rotation frame is attached to the wall of the square hole in the rotary digging process, and anti-torque force is provided for the transmission toothed ring 330, so that the transmission toothed ring 330 is prevented from rotating. In addition, the number of the anti-rotation pieces can be multiple, when rectangular holes need to be drilled, a square hole can be drilled first, then the two anti-rotation pieces are spliced to form a rectangular shape, then the rectangular holes are drilled, and the like. Therefore, the number of the anti-rotation parts can be multiple, and the anti-rotation parts can be spliced according to the requirement.
In addition, the first end plate 320 may be provided with a plug bush 370, during operation, the drill rod is in plug-in fit with the plug bush 370 on the first end plate 320, the drill rod transmits torque to the first end plate 320, the first end plate 320 rotates around its own axis and drives the transmission gear 340 to rotate, the transmission gear 340 revolves around the axis of the first end plate 320 and simultaneously engages with the transmission toothed ring 330, under the action of the transmission toothed ring 330, the transmission gear 340 rotates, thereby driving the transmission shaft 350 to revolve and rotate simultaneously, the transmission shaft 350 transmits power to the cylinder 210, and finally transmits the power to the three drilling wings 100, so that the three drilling wings 100 cooperate to perform square hole rotary digging operation.
The square hole drill that this embodiment provided can directly bore the square hole to can collect and take away the detritus at drilling in-process, drilling efficiency is high, and detritus treatment effeciency is high, and construction cost is low.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A square hole drill, comprising:
the three drilling wings comprise carriers and a plurality of drilling teeth arranged on the carriers, the carriers of the three drilling wings are fixed on the collecting cylinders, the inner ends of the three carriers are converged to form converging ends, the outer ends of the three carriers are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the collecting cylinders, the converging ends are positioned at the center point of the Lorentzia triangle, the three outer ends are respectively positioned at the three peaks of the Lorentzia triangle, and the drilling teeth on the carriers are arranged on the connecting lines of the center point of the Lorentzia triangle and the corresponding peaks; the orthographic projection of the collecting cylinder on the axis of the collecting cylinder is positioned in an area surrounded by the Lo triangle;
the driving mechanism is connected with the collecting cylinder and is used for driving the three drilling wings to move in a square mode through the collecting cylinder.
2. The reamer of claim 1, wherein:
the collecting cylinder comprises a cylinder body, a connecting rod and a connector, one end of the cylinder body is opened, the other end of the cylinder body is closed, one end of the connecting rod is fixed to the closed end, the connector is connected with the other end of the connecting rod, and the inner ends of the three drilling wings are collected on the connector; the carrier is fixedly connected with the cylinder, the cylinder and the three carriers are matched together to form three openings for rock debris to enter and exit, and the three openings are distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the cylinder; the orthographic projection of the cylinder body on the axis of the cylinder body is positioned in the area surrounded by the Lo triangle.
3. The reamer of claim 2, wherein:
the open end of the cylinder body is provided with three clamping grooves, and the carrier is clamped in the clamping grooves.
4. The reamer of claim 2, wherein:
the carrier comprises a first plate and a second plate, and drilling teeth are arranged on the first plate and the second plate; the first plate is fixed on the cylinder body, the second plate is fixed on the connector, and the connector is rotatably matched with the connecting rod; three communication holes are formed in the open end of the cylinder;
when the connector rotates relative to the connecting rod, the connector is provided with a first position and a second position which are mutually switched, when the connector is positioned at the first position, the first plate is in butt joint with the second plate, the drilling teeth on the first plate and the drilling teeth on the second plate are positioned on the connecting line of the center point and the corresponding vertex of the Lo triangle, the three openings are respectively communicated with the three communication holes in one-to-one correspondence, and the cylinder body and the connector are relatively fixed in the first rotation direction only so as to drive the three drilling wings to drill square holes through the cylinder body;
when the three drilling wings are positioned at the second position, the first plate and the second plate are separated, the three openings are staggered in one-to-one correspondence with the three communication holes respectively, the openings and the communication holes are plugged, and the cylinder body and the connector are relatively fixed only in a second rotation direction opposite to the first rotation direction, so that the three drilling wings are driven to exit the square holes through the cylinder body.
5. The reamer of claim 4, wherein:
the open end of the cylinder body is provided with a first sealing plate, the three communication holes are all arranged on the first sealing plate, and the three communication holes are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the cylinder body; the connector is provided with a second sealing plate, and three openings are defined by the second plate, the second sealing plate and the cylinder; when in the second position, the first closing plate closes the three openings, and the second closing plate closes the three communication holes.
6. The reamer of claim 5, wherein:
a limiting block is arranged on the first sealing plate; the second plate is provided with a first blocking side, the second closing plate is provided with a second blocking side, the first blocking side and the second blocking side are distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the cylinder body, when the second closing plate is in the first position, the second blocking side is abutted with the limiting block, and when the second closing plate is in the second position, the first blocking side is abutted with the limiting block.
7. The reamer of any one of claims 4-6, wherein:
the first plate is provided with a positioning groove, the second plate is provided with a positioning protrusion, and when the first plate is positioned at the first position, the positioning protrusion is clamped in the positioning groove.
8. The reamer of claim 1, wherein:
the driving mechanism comprises a centralizer, a first end plate, a transmission toothed ring, a transmission gear, a transmission shaft and a second end plate, wherein the centralizer is connected with the transmission toothed ring and is used for being abutted on the wall of the square hole; the first end plate and the second end plate are rotatably connected with the transmission toothed ring and distributed at two ends on the axis of the transmission toothed ring; the transmission gear is connected with the transmission shaft and meshed with the transmission toothed ring; the transmission shaft is simultaneously and rotatably connected with the first end plate and the second end plate, and penetrates through the second end plate; the axis of the transmission shaft is offset from the rotation axes of the first end plate and the second end plate; the first end plate is used for being connected with a drill rod; the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with the collecting cylinder and coaxially arranged.
9. The reamer of claim 8, wherein:
the transmission ratio of the transmission gear ring to the transmission gear is 3/4.
10. The reamer of claim 8, wherein:
the number of the centralizers is multiple, and the centralizers are detachably spliced.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310531040.8A CN116241187B (en) | 2023-05-12 | 2023-05-12 | Square hole drill |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310531040.8A CN116241187B (en) | 2023-05-12 | 2023-05-12 | Square hole drill |
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| CN116241187A CN116241187A (en) | 2023-06-09 |
| CN116241187B true CN116241187B (en) | 2023-07-07 |
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| CN117072186B (en) * | 2023-10-18 | 2024-01-02 | 东北大学 | Arch tunnel excavation device for three-dimensional geological model test |
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| CN116241187A (en) | 2023-06-09 |
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