CN116186905B - High-heat load dredging design method based on energy flow directional transportation and heat protection system - Google Patents

High-heat load dredging design method based on energy flow directional transportation and heat protection system Download PDF

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CN116186905B
CN116186905B CN202310443470.4A CN202310443470A CN116186905B CN 116186905 B CN116186905 B CN 116186905B CN 202310443470 A CN202310443470 A CN 202310443470A CN 116186905 B CN116186905 B CN 116186905B
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energy flow
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CN116186905A (en
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杨肖峰
李思逸
蔡兴考
杜雁霞
刘磊
肖光明
魏东
桂业伟
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Computational Aerodynamics Institute of China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center
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Abstract

The invention discloses a high heat load dredging design method and a heat protection system based on energy flow directional transportation, which belong to the field of aerodynamic heat protection of aerospace vehicles and comprise the following steps: according to the basic theory of heat transfer, the directional heat transport problem of the heat-proof structure is set as the energy flow problem along the path of the high-heat-conductivity material; and then based on the set energy flow problem along the high heat conductivity material path, establishing a basic energy flow path from the outer surface to the inner surface of the heat protection system, collecting the energy of the outer surface and dispersing the energy of the inner surface by a multi-tree method, and realizing the directional dispersion of the local high-temperature heat load on the surface of the heat protection system. The invention greatly expands the design space of the heat protection system and can obtain the heat protection system with better comprehensive heat protection performance.

Description

High-heat load dredging design method based on energy flow directional transportation and heat protection system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aerodynamic heat protection of aerospace vehicles, in particular to a high-heat load dredging design method based on energy flow directional transportation and a heat protection system.
Background
Hypersonic aircraft often employ a sharp leading edge structure with a large curvature as its thermal protection system for many advantages in terms of long range, strong burst prevention, etc. Under hypersonic flight conditions, the sharp leading edge structure of the aircraft needs to withstand extremely high velocity airflow resulting in severe and non-uniform aerodynamic heat loads, which presents a great challenge to the design of the aircraft thermal protection system.
Conventional thermal protection systems are typically designed to be passively uniformly layered by selecting a desired heat protection material from existing material systems based on the peak aerodynamic heat load intensity experienced. On one hand, the heat protection structure in the high heat load area generates extremely large heat accumulation behaviors under the continuous high heat flow effect, and easily causes the risk of heat penetration; on the other hand, in the low heat load area near the heat load peak, the same multi-layer cloth heat protection measures are adopted, so that the heat protection redundancy design is brought, and the material waste and the system quality effect are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a high heat load dredging design method and a heat protection system based on energy flow directional transportation, which greatly expand the design space of the heat protection system and can obtain a heat protection system with better comprehensive heat protection performance.
The invention aims at realizing the following scheme:
a high heat load dredging design method based on energy flow directional transportation comprises the following steps:
according to the basic theory of heat transfer, the directional heat transport problem of the heat-proof structure is set as the energy flow problem along the path of the high-heat-conductivity material; and then based on the set energy flow problem along the high heat conductivity material path, establishing a basic energy flow path from the outer surface to the inner surface of the heat protection system, collecting the energy of the outer surface and dispersing the energy of the inner surface by a multi-tree method, and realizing the directional dispersion of the local high-temperature heat load on the surface of the heat protection system.
Further, according to the basic theory of heat transfer, the directional heat transport problem of the heat-proof structure is set as the energy flow problem along the path of the high heat conductivity material, and the method comprises the following substeps:
s1, determining geometric, size and thermal load characteristics of a thermal protection system;
s2, determining geometric/physical constraints of the directional transportation main framework of the heat protection system.
Further, the establishing a substantially fluid-able path from the exterior surface to the interior surface of the thermal protection system comprises the sub-steps of: the local high aerodynamic heat load near the initial position of the basic energy flow path is led to the peripheral area of the final position of the central line of the directional heat transport main framework by adopting high heat conductivity materials.
Further, the collecting of the external surface energy and the evacuating of the internal surface energy by the multi-tree method comprises the following sub-steps:
designing an energy flow collection configuration at the initial position of the basic energy flow path for collection, and designing an energy flow evacuation configuration for evacuation before the concentrated heat load on the main framework energy flow path is transferred to the inner surface; the energy flow collection configuration is designed into a two-stage three-tree energy flow collection configuration on a two-dimensional plane configuration; the energy flow collecting configuration is designed as a three-dimensional space configuration
Figure SMS_1
Grade->
Figure SMS_2
The energy flow collecting configuration of the tree, the outer surface is related to +.>
Figure SMS_3
The strip energy flow path is passed; the energy flow evacuation configuration is in two-dimensional planeThe surface configuration is designed as a two-stage three-tree energy flow collection configuration, and the energy flow evacuation configuration is designed as +.>
Figure SMS_4
Grade->
Figure SMS_5
The energy flow collecting configuration of the tree, the outer surface is related to +.>
Figure SMS_6
The energy flow paths are N and M are integers.
Further, the collecting of the external surface energy and the evacuating of the internal surface energy by the multi-tree method comprises the following sub-steps:
aiming at the energy flow collection configuration and the energy flow evacuation configuration, an auxiliary bearing configuration and a material system for filling the internal space are additionally arranged; the thermal conductivity of the material of the energy flow collection configuration and the energy flow evacuation configuration is greater than that of the material system of the auxiliary bearing configuration and the filling of the internal space.
Further, after the collecting of the external surface energy and the evacuating of the internal surface energy by the multi-tree method, the method comprises the steps of optimizing the heat transfer performance: aiming at an initial configuration formed after an auxiliary bearing configuration and a material system with an internal space filled are additionally arranged, a CAE model for simulating heat transfer performance is established, and the heat transfer performance of a dredging configuration is optimized by adjusting local parameters to obtain a final high-heat load dredging configuration; the local parameters include skeleton thickness, multi-stage multi-way tree distance, collection and evacuation dispersion.
Further, after obtaining the high thermal load dredging final configuration, the method comprises the steps of: the designed final configuration of high thermal load channeling is prepared as a thermal protection system component based on 3D printing technology.
Further, in the heat transfer performance optimizing step, it includes the sub-steps of: according to the heat protection requirement, a dredging configuration array is designed for realizing the more effective directional dredging target of the high heat load on the surface of the heat protection system.
Further, in step S1, the determinationThe geometric, dimensional and thermal load characteristics of the heat protection system comprise the following substeps: setting the local structure of the heat protection system as square configuration, and the thickness of the structural layer is as follows
Figure SMS_7
Is subject to spatially inhomogeneous pneumatic heating heat flow +.>
Figure SMS_8
Long acting, wherein the heat flow is pneumatically heated>
Figure SMS_9
Greater than the set heat flow threshold->
Figure SMS_10
Is dredged by directional heat transport;
in step S2, the determining geometric/physical constraints of the directional transportation main skeleton of the thermal protection system includes the following sub steps: the central point of the maximum value area of the pneumatic heating heat flow is taken as the initial position of the central line of the directional heat transport main framework, namely the point A, and the threshold value of the pneumatic heating heat flow is taken
Figure SMS_11
The middle layer of the corresponding heat protection structure is the central position of the central line of the directional heat transport main framework, namely the O point, and the transverse distance between the A point and the O point is +.>
Figure SMS_12
To be deviated from the central point of the maximum value area of the pneumatic heating heat flow by a lateral distance of +.>
Figure SMS_13
The inner side point of the heat protection structure is the end position of the central line of the directional heat transport main framework, namely the point B.
The heat protection system component is formed by overlapping multiple layers of heat-resistant materials, but comprises multiple types of frameworks, bifurcations and filling with different material properties, and has inclusion and lattice characteristics.
The beneficial effects of the invention include:
(1) The invention has the advantages that the traditional heat protection system formed by overlapping the multiple layers of heat-resistant materials is abandoned, the heat protection system is designed according to the requirement by utilizing the high heat conduction and low heat conduction properties of the materials, and the rapid forming is realized by means of an advanced 3D printing technology.
(2) The invention expands the traditional limited dimension design of multi-layer material lap joint to a high-dimension design consisting of multiple types of frameworks, bifurcation and filling, greatly expands the design space of the heat protection system, and can obtain the heat protection system with better comprehensive heat protection performance.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a graphical illustration of thermal protection system geometry, dimensions, and thermal loading characteristics;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a method of designing a flow directed transport configuration, an accessory collection and evacuation configuration;
fig. 3 is a graph of the localized high thermal load diverting effect of a thermal protection system based on energy flow directional transport under non-uniform thermal load conditions.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in all of the embodiments of this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process disclosed implicitly, except for the mutually exclusive features and/or steps, may be combined and/or expanded and substituted in any way.
In order to solve the technical problems in the background technology, the invention provides the following technical conception: according to the local heat load characteristics of the aircraft and the heat transfer rule of the heat protection system, the heat transfer performance of the sharp front edge heat protection system of the aircraft is optimized, the internal structure of the heat protection system with a specific configuration is designed by applying directional heat transport thinking, the comprehensive heat protection efficiency of the front edge structure of the aircraft under the same pneumatic heating condition is improved, the weight reduction and synergy design targets of the aircraft are achieved, and the future development of the long-range design of the hypersonic aircraft is supported.
In a further embodiment, the invention provides a high heat load dredging design method based on energy flow directional transportation and a heat protection system, and the design method is characterized in that according to the basic theory of heat transfer, the heat protection structure directional heat transportation problem is assumed to be an energy flow problem along a high heat conductivity material path, a basic energy flow path from the outer surface to the inner surface of the heat protection system is established, and the energy on the outer surface is collected and the energy on the inner surface is evacuated by a multi-tree method, so that the directional dredging of the local heat load on the surface of the heat protection system is realized.
In a further concept, the present embodiment provides a high thermal load dredging design method based on energy flow directional transportation, including the steps of:
step 1: the thermal protection system geometry, dimensions, and thermal loading characteristics are determined.
Assuming a square configuration for the local structure of the thermal protection system, the thickness of the structural layer is as shown in FIG. 1
Figure SMS_14
Is subject to spatially inhomogeneous pneumatic heating heat flow +.>
Figure SMS_15
Long-time action, wherein the pneumatic heating heat flow is larger than the set heat flow threshold value
Figure SMS_16
) Part of (2) is required to be dredged by directional heat transport. Pneumatic heating with high thermal load with characteristic length +.>
Figure SMS_17
Is spatially inhomogeneous, wherein +.>
Figure SMS_18
Maximum heat flow and heatDistance between flow thresholds.
Step 2: geometric/physical constraints of the heat protection system directional transport main framework are determined.
Determining the initial position of directional heat transportation according to aerodynamic heat load of the aircraft, as shown in figure 1, taking the central point of the maximum value area of the aerodynamic heating heat flow as the initial position (point A) of the central line of the main directional heat transportation skeleton, and taking the threshold value of the aerodynamic heating heat flow
Figure SMS_19
The middle layer of the corresponding heat protection structure is the center position (O point) of the central line of the directional heat transport main framework, and the transverse distance between the A point and the O point is +.>
Figure SMS_20
At a lateral distance of +.o from the center point (point A) of the maximum area of the aerodynamic heating heat flow>
Figure SMS_21
The inner side point of the heat protection structure is the end position (point B) of the central line of the directional heat transport main framework.
Step 3: a substantially fluid-able path is established from the exterior surface to the interior surface of the thermal protection system.
The goal of the high thermal load diverting design based on energy flow directional transport is to divert the local high aerodynamic thermal load located near point a to the peripheral region, i.e., near point B, by using thermally conductive conductivity materials. The line AB is the substantially fluid path from the outer surface to the inner surface of the thermal protection system. Setting the width of the basic flow path according to the heat load transmission requirement
Figure SMS_22
。
Step 4: the design is based on the proximal-outer (inner) surface energy collection (evacuation) configuration of the multi-drop tree.
Because the pneumatic heating heat flow is distributed and unevenly distributed along the space, a specific configuration is required to be designed at the initial position (point A) of the basic passable path, and the distributed heat load on the outer surface of the heat protection structure can be collected and directionally transferred to directional heatThe main skeleton (straight line AB) is transported. The energy flow collection configuration is designed by adopting the geometrical bifurcation idea of the multi-tree, so that the uniform and efficient collection of the distributed heat load is realized. Fig. 2 shows a two-stage three-tree designed in a two-dimensional planar configuration, namely, aerodynamic heat load is transferred from the outer surface through 9 energy flow path warp structures, folded into 3 thicker energy flow path paths, and further folded into 1 main skeleton energy flow path. The half length of the main framework in the thickness direction of the heat-proof layer is
Figure SMS_23
Level 1 trigeminal tree length->
Figure SMS_24
Length of level 2 trigeminal tree
Figure SMS_25
Then->
Figure SMS_26
. The thickness of the main framework is->
Figure SMS_27
1 st level of trigeminal tree thickness->
Figure SMS_28
Thickness of level 2 trigeminal tree>
Figure SMS_29
。
For three-dimensional space configuration, two-stage five-fork tree can be designed, and 25 heat transfer paths are involved in the outer surface. More generally, can be designed
Figure SMS_30
Grade->
Figure SMS_31
The outer surfaces of the tree are related to->
Figure SMS_32
The strip can flow through the channel. Half length of the heat-proof layer in the thickness direction>
Figure SMS_33
。
In order to ensure uniformity of temperature distribution on the inner surface of the heat protection structure, concentrated heat load on the main framework energy flow path is required to be evacuated before being transferred to the inner surface. Therefore, the geometric bifurcation idea of the multi-tree is still adopted, the energy flow evacuation configuration is designed, and the uniform and efficient dissipation of the concentrated heat load is realized. Fig. 2 also shows a two-stage three-tree energy flow evacuation configuration designed in a two-dimensional planar configuration.
Step 5: a material system is determined that assists in the loading of the configuration and filling of the interior space.
Because the energy flow directional transport configurations (including the accessory collection and evacuation configurations) designed in the above steps have integral tilt characteristics, their load carrying characteristics are generally poor. Therefore, an auxiliary bearing structure is additionally arranged, so that the heat protection system is ensured to have enough mechanical properties. The auxiliary support configuration is in various forms, and a design symmetrical to the directional heat transport configuration can be selected in general, as illustrated by the gray configuration in fig. 2.
To achieve directional transfer of heat from the exterior surface of the thermal protection system, the directional heat transport configuration uses a high thermal conductivity material, while the auxiliary load bearing configuration and other interior space fills use a low thermal conductivity material.
Step 6: high thermal load dredging configuration heat transfer performance optimization based on directional heat transport.
Through the above steps, a high thermal load grooming initial configuration based on directional thermal transport is formed taking into account the load bearing constraints. Based on the initial configuration, CAE model for heat transfer performance simulation is established by adjusting local parameters (such as skeleton thickness
Figure SMS_34
Multiple tree distance of each level>
Figure SMS_35
Collect and evacuate disseminate->
Figure SMS_36
Etc.), optimizing the heat transfer performance of the dredging configuration to obtain a high heat load dredging final configuration with better comprehensive performance。
According to the heat protection requirement, a dredging configuration array can be designed, so that a more effective directional dredging target of high heat load on the surface of the heat protection system is realized.
Step 7: the thermal protection system component is prepared based on 3D printing technology.
Aiming at a high heat load dredging configuration based on directional heat transportation, the rapid forming of the heat protection system is realized based on a 3D printing technology, and a passive dredging type heat protection system based on energy flow directional transportation for dredging local high heat load heat damage hidden danger is formed. A typical thermal protection system is schematically illustrated in fig. 2.
The interior of the thermal protection system is not formed by overlapping multiple layers of thermal protection materials, but comprises multiple types of frameworks, bifurcations and filling structures with different material properties, has typical inclusion and lattice characteristics, and needs to be rapidly formed by means of advanced 3D printing technology.
Fig. 3 shows the resulting localized high thermal load grooming effect based on the exemplary two-stage trigeminal tree energy flow evacuation configuration set forth in fig. 2. In fig. 3, the temperature distribution of the inner surface that is not conventionally flow-directionally-dredged is compared with the temperature distribution of the inner surface that is flow-directionally-dredged. Therefore, after the dredging effect based on energy flow directional transmission, the originally higher temperature distribution on the right side of the inner surface of the heat protection system is effectively relieved, the originally lower temperature distribution on the left side of the inner surface is improved to a certain extent, the directional dredging from the high heat load area to the low heat load area is generally realized, and the aim of improving the comprehensive heat protection efficiency of the front edge structure of the aircraft is further achieved.
It should be noted that, within the scope of protection defined in the claims of the present invention, the following embodiments may be combined and/or expanded, and replaced in any manner that is logical from the above specific embodiments, such as the disclosed technical principles, the disclosed technical features or the implicitly disclosed technical features, etc.
Example 1
A high heat load dredging design method based on energy flow directional transportation comprises the following steps:
according to the basic theory of heat transfer, the directional heat transport problem of the heat-proof structure is set as the energy flow problem along the path of the high-heat-conductivity material;
and then based on the set energy flow problem along the high heat conductivity material path, establishing a basic energy flow path from the outer surface to the inner surface of the heat protection system, collecting the energy of the outer surface and dispersing the energy of the inner surface by a multi-tree method, and realizing the directional dispersion of the local high-temperature heat load on the surface of the heat protection system.
Example 2
On the basis of the embodiment 1, the method sets the directional heat transport problem of the heat-proof structure as the energy flow problem along the path of the high heat conductivity material according to the basic theory of heat transfer chemistry, and comprises the following substeps:
s1, determining geometric, size and thermal load characteristics of a thermal protection system;
s2, determining geometric/physical constraints of the directional transportation main framework of the heat protection system.
Example 3
On the basis of embodiment 2, the establishing a substantially fluid-able path from the exterior surface to the interior surface of the thermal protection system comprises the sub-steps of: the local high aerodynamic heat load near the initial position of the basic energy flow path is led to the peripheral area of the final position of the central line of the directional heat transport main framework by adopting high heat conductivity materials.
Example 4
On the basis of the embodiment 1, the collecting of the external surface energy and the evacuating of the internal surface energy by the multi-tree method comprise the sub-steps of:
designing an energy flow collection configuration at the initial position of the basic energy flow path for collection, and designing an energy flow evacuation configuration for evacuation before the concentrated heat load on the main framework energy flow path is transferred to the inner surface; the energy flow collection configuration is designed into a two-stage three-tree energy flow collection configuration on a two-dimensional plane configuration; the energy flow collecting configuration is designed as a three-dimensional space configuration
Figure SMS_37
Grade->
Figure SMS_38
The energy flow collecting configuration of the tree, the outer surface is related to +.>
Figure SMS_39
The strip energy flow path is passed; the energy flow evacuation configuration is designed into a two-stage three-tree energy flow collection configuration on a two-dimensional plane configuration, and the energy flow evacuation configuration is designed into a three-dimensional space configuration>
Figure SMS_40
Grade->
Figure SMS_41
The energy flow collecting configuration of the tree, the outer surface is related to +.>
Figure SMS_42
The energy flow paths are N and M are integers.
Example 5
On the basis of the embodiment 4, the collecting of the external surface energy and the evacuating of the internal surface energy by the multi-tree method comprise the sub-steps of:
aiming at the energy flow collection configuration and the energy flow evacuation configuration, an auxiliary bearing configuration and a material system for filling the internal space are additionally arranged; the thermal conductivity of the material of the energy flow collection configuration and the energy flow evacuation configuration is greater than that of the material system of the auxiliary bearing configuration and the filling of the internal space.
Example 6
On the basis of example 5, after the collection of the external surface energy and the evacuation of the internal surface energy by the multi-tree method, a heat transfer performance optimizing step is included: aiming at an initial configuration formed after an auxiliary bearing configuration and a material system with an internal space filled are additionally arranged, a CAE model for simulating heat transfer performance is established, and the heat transfer performance of a dredging configuration is optimized by adjusting local parameters to obtain a final high-heat load dredging configuration; the local parameters include skeleton thickness, multi-stage multi-way tree distance, collection and evacuation dispersion.
Example 7
On the basis of example 6, after obtaining the high thermal load dredging final configuration, the steps are included: the designed final configuration of high thermal load channeling is prepared as a thermal protection system component based on 3D printing technology.
Example 8
On the basis of embodiment 6, in the heat transfer performance optimizing step, it includes the sub-steps of: according to the heat protection requirement, a dredging configuration array is designed for realizing the more effective directional dredging target of the high heat load on the surface of the heat protection system.
Example 9
On the basis of embodiment 2, in step S1, the determining the geometry, dimensions and thermal load characteristics of the thermal protection system comprises the sub-steps of: setting the local structure of the heat protection system as square configuration, and the thickness of the structural layer is as follows
Figure SMS_43
Is subject to spatially inhomogeneous pneumatic heating heat flow +.>
Figure SMS_44
Long acting, wherein the heat flow is pneumatically heated>
Figure SMS_45
Greater than the set heat flow threshold->
Figure SMS_46
Is dredged by directional heat transport;
in step S2, the determining geometric/physical constraints of the directional transportation main skeleton of the thermal protection system includes the following sub steps: the central point of the maximum value area of the pneumatic heating heat flow is taken as the initial position of the central line of the directional heat transport main framework, namely the point A, and the threshold value of the pneumatic heating heat flow is taken
Figure SMS_47
The middle layer of the corresponding heat protection structure is the central position of the central line of the directional heat transport main framework, namely the O point, and the transverse distance between the A point and the O point is +.>
Figure SMS_48
To be deviated from the central point of the maximum value area of the pneumatic heating heat flow by a lateral distance of +.>
Figure SMS_49
The inner side point of the heat protection structure is the end position of the central line of the directional heat transport main framework, namely the point B.
Example 10
A high thermal load dredging thermal protection system based on energy flow directional transportation, comprising a thermal protection system component obtained by adopting the design method as described in the embodiment 7, wherein the interior of the thermal protection system component is not formed by overlapping a plurality of layers of thermal protection materials, but comprises a plurality of types of frameworks, bifurcations and fillings with different material properties, and has inclusion and lattice characteristics.
The invention is not related in part to the same as or can be practiced with the prior art.
The foregoing technical solution is only one embodiment of the present invention, and various modifications and variations can be easily made by those skilled in the art based on the application methods and principles disclosed in the present invention, not limited to the methods described in the foregoing specific embodiments of the present invention, so that the foregoing description is only preferred and not in a limiting sense.
In addition to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art will recognize from the foregoing disclosure that other embodiments can be made and in which various features of the embodiments can be interchanged or substituted, and that such modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. The design method for high heat load dredging based on energy flow directional transportation is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
according to the basic theory of heat transfer, the directional heat transport problem of the heat-proof structure is set as the energy flow problem along the path of the high-heat-conductivity material;
based on the set energy flow problem along the high heat conductivity material path, a basic energy flow path from the outer surface to the inner surface of the heat protection system is established, and the energy of the outer surface is collected and the energy of the inner surface is evacuated by a multi-fork tree method, so that the directional evacuation of the local high-temperature load on the surface of the heat protection system is realized;
the method sets the directional heat transport problem of the heat-proof structure as the energy flow problem along the path of the high heat conductivity material according to the basic theory of heat transfer chemistry, and comprises the following substeps:
s1, determining geometric, size and thermal load characteristics of a thermal protection system;
s2, determining geometric/physical constraints of a directional transportation main framework of the heat protection system;
the method for collecting the energy of the outer surface and evacuating the energy of the inner surface by the multi-tree method comprises the following substeps:
designing an energy flow collection configuration at the initial position of the basic energy flow path for collection, and designing an energy flow evacuation configuration for evacuation before the concentrated heat load on the main framework energy flow path is transferred to the inner surface; the energy flow collection configuration is designed into a two-stage three-tree energy flow collection configuration on a two-dimensional plane configuration; the energy flow collecting configuration is designed as a three-dimensional space configuration
Figure QLYQS_1
Grade->
Figure QLYQS_2
The energy flow collecting configuration of the tree, the outer surface is related to +.>
Figure QLYQS_3
The strip energy flow path is passed; the energy flow evacuation configuration is designed into a two-stage three-tree energy flow collection configuration on a two-dimensional plane configuration, and the energy flow evacuation configuration is designed into a three-dimensional space configuration>
Figure QLYQS_4
Grade->
Figure QLYQS_5
The energy flow collecting configuration of the tree, the outer surface is related to +.>
Figure QLYQS_6
The energy flow paths are N and M are integers;
in step S1, the determining the geometry, dimensions and thermal load characteristics of the thermal protection system includes the sub-steps of: setting the local structure of the heat protection system as square configuration, and the thickness of the structural layer is as follows
Figure QLYQS_7
Is subject to spatially inhomogeneous pneumatic heating heat flow +.>
Figure QLYQS_8
Long acting, wherein the heat flow is pneumatically heated>
Figure QLYQS_9
Greater than the set heat flow threshold->
Figure QLYQS_10
Is dredged by directional heat transport;
in step S2, the determining geometric/physical constraints of the directional transportation main skeleton of the thermal protection system includes the following sub steps: the central point of the maximum value area of the pneumatic heating heat flow is taken as the initial position of the central line of the directional heat transport main framework, namely the point A, and the threshold value of the pneumatic heating heat flow is taken
Figure QLYQS_11
The middle layer of the corresponding heat protection structure is the central position of the central line of the directional heat transport main framework, namely the O point, and the transverse distance between the A point and the O point is +.>
Figure QLYQS_12
To be deviated from the central point of the maximum value area of the pneumatic heating heat flow by a lateral distance of +.>
Figure QLYQS_13
The inner side point of the heat protection structure is the end position of the central line of the directional heat transport main framework, namely the point B.
2. The method for designing high thermal load channeling based on energy flow directional transportation according to claim 1, wherein said establishing a substantially energy flow path from the outer surface to the inner surface of the thermal protection system comprises the sub-steps of: the local high aerodynamic heat load near the initial position of the basic energy flow path is led to the peripheral area of the final position of the central line of the directional heat transport main framework by adopting high heat conductivity materials.
3. The method for designing high heat load dispersion based on directional transportation of energy flow according to claim 1, wherein the collecting of the external surface energy and the dispersing of the internal surface energy by the multi-tree method comprises the sub-steps of:
aiming at the energy flow collection configuration and the energy flow evacuation configuration, an auxiliary bearing configuration and a material system for filling the internal space are additionally arranged; the thermal conductivity of the material of the energy flow collection configuration and the energy flow evacuation configuration is greater than that of the material system of the auxiliary bearing configuration and the filling of the internal space.
4. The method for designing high heat load dispersion based on directional transportation of energy flow according to claim 3, comprising the step of optimizing heat transfer performance after collecting the energy of the outer surface and dispersing the energy of the inner surface by the multi-tree method: aiming at an initial configuration formed after an auxiliary bearing configuration and a material system with an internal space filled are additionally arranged, a CAE model for simulating heat transfer performance is established, and the heat transfer performance of a dredging configuration is optimized by adjusting local parameters to obtain a final high-heat load dredging configuration; the local parameters include skeleton thickness, multi-stage multi-way tree distance, collection and evacuation dispersion.
5. The method for designing high heat load channeling based on energy flow directional transportation according to claim 4, comprising the steps of, after obtaining the final configuration of high heat load channeling: the designed final configuration of high thermal load channeling is prepared as a thermal protection system component based on 3D printing technology.
6. The method for designing high heat load channeling based on energy flow directional transportation according to claim 4, wherein in said heat transfer performance optimizing step, it comprises the sub-steps of: according to the heat protection requirement, a dredging configuration array is designed for realizing the more effective directional dredging target of the high heat load on the surface of the heat protection system.
7. A high heat load dredging heat protection system based on energy flow directional transportation, which is characterized by comprising a heat protection system component obtained by adopting the design method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the interior of the heat protection system component is not formed by overlapping a plurality of layers of heat protection materials, but comprises a plurality of types of frameworks, bifurcations and filling structures with different material properties, and has inclusion and lattice characteristics.
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