CN116152456A - Three-dimensional stratum structure visualization method and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional stratum structure visualization method and a three-dimensional stratum structure visualization system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring drilling data of a preset region; preprocessing drilling data; constructing a drilling information database based on the preprocessed drilling data; based on a drilling information database, carrying out exploratory space analysis on drilling data, and establishing a stratum optimal model; constructing a three-dimensional stratum structure model based on the drilling information database and the stratum optimal model; based on the three-dimensional stratum structure model, the visualization of the three-dimensional stratum structure is realized. The method and the device can accurately and completely express the boundary conditions of complex geological phenomena, and assist in solving geological problems.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geomodeling, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional stratum structure visualization method and system.
Background
Most of the current methods for analyzing geological data are based on reasonable prediction and calculation of drilling points and geological sections, and the result data of the geological data are two-dimensional (2D) section views reflecting the characteristics of rock stratum, so that the processing method for simplifying the space three-dimensional information into a two-dimensional model cannot truly and vividly reflect and express the actual geological phenomenon in the natural world, and have great limitations in dynamic processing and analysis, so that the requirements of related application research cannot be met gradually. With rapid development of computer virtual reality technology and continuous and deep research in the field of geography, as an important component of the field of virtual geologic modeling and visual research, three-dimensional stratigraphic structure modeling has become one of the research hotspots in the current field. For geotechnical engineers and geology workers, three-dimensional stratigraphic models are very practical for practical geologic analysis. On one hand, the three-dimensional stratum structure model can accurately and completely express boundary conditions of complex geological phenomena, on the other hand, various structural conditions in the geological body can be intuitively expressed, and on the other hand, the three-dimensional stratum structure model can be combined with interactive space query and analysis tools with powerful functions of geographic information system software, so that the intuitiveness and accuracy of geological correlation analysis can be enhanced as much as possible on the basis of vividly presenting three-dimensional dynamics of the three-dimensional geological body, and has great application value for geological investigation and analysis of actual engineering sites. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method and a system for visualizing a three-dimensional stratum structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art, and provides a three-dimensional stratum structure visualization method and a three-dimensional stratum structure visualization system, which are used for constructing a three-dimensional stratum structure model and realizing visualization through acquisition and exploratory spatial analysis of drilling data so as to assist in solving the related geological problems.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
a method of visualizing a three-dimensional formation structure, comprising the steps of:
acquiring drilling data of a preset region;
preprocessing the drilling data;
constructing a drilling information database based on the preprocessed drilling data;
based on the drilling information database, carrying out exploratory space analysis on drilling data, and establishing a stratum optimal model;
constructing a three-dimensional stratum structure model based on the drilling information database and the stratum optimal model;
based on the three-dimensional stratum structure model, visualization of the three-dimensional stratum structure is achieved.
Preferably, the pretreatment method comprises the following steps:
assigning an orifice elevation value to the borehole based on the borehole data;
obtaining a stratum arrangement sequence based on the stratum distribution relation of the actually measured drilling holes;
numbering the strata based on the stratum arrangement sequence;
generating a stratum sequence table of a preset region based on the number;
based on the drilling data and the stratum sequence table, obtaining the serial numbers of the stratum sequence table corresponding to discrete data of the demarcation points of each stratum in the preset region drilling, and obtaining the sequence rule of the drilling data;
based on the giving of the orifice elevation value and the sequence rule, preprocessing of the drilling data is achieved.
Preferably, the method for exploratory spatial analysis of borehole data comprises the following steps:
performing normal inspection on the data set of the drilling information database;
analyzing the change trend of the regional variation quantity of the data set in the space preset direction, and realizing global trend analysis;
based on the experience variation function of the discrete data points in the data set, a variation function cloud chart is obtained, and variation analysis is realized;
based on the variation function cloud image, identifying global outliers in the data set, and performing spatial autocorrelation analysis and anisotropic analysis;
based on the normal examination, the global trend analysis, the variance analysis, the spatial autocorrelation analysis, the anisotropy analysis, and the identification of the global outliers, exploratory spatial analysis of the borehole data is achieved.
Preferably, the method for establishing the stratum optimal model comprises the following steps:
generating a ground surface of a raster data type and stratum interfaces by adopting a common Kriging interpolation fitting based on the drilling data analyzed by exploratory space;
and based on the ground surface and the stratum interfaces, adopting different semi-variation function theoretical models, and analyzing the accuracy of interpolation results to obtain a stratum optimal model.
Preferably, the half-variation function theoretical model is a half-variation function theoretical model based on three-layer planning, and the solving method of the half-variation function theoretical model based on three-layer planning is as follows:
cross verification is adopted to verify the effectiveness of the semi-variation function theoretical model, and a first layer planning model is constructed;
solving half-variation function model parameters by adopting a MoM moment method and a weighted least square method, and constructing a second-layer planning model;
performing spatial interpolation by adopting a common Kriging method to construct a third layer planning model;
constructing a three-layer planning solution model of half-variation function theoretical model parameters based on the first layer planning model, the second layer planning model and the third layer planning model;
and based on the three-layer planning solving model, adopting a particle swarm algorithm to solve the half-variation function theoretical model.
Preferably, the method for constructing the three-dimensional stratum structure model comprises the following steps:
converting the stratum optimal model into an irregular triangular net data type, and sequentially superposing the irregular triangular net data type according to the sequence rule to generate a skeleton structure of a three-dimensional stratum structure model;
stretching upper and lower interfaces of a preset soil layer in a framework structure of the three-dimensional stratum structure model by taking a convex hull boundary of the drilling data as a reference, and converting the upper and lower interfaces into soil layer entities of a polyhedral data type;
and based on the sequence rule, superposing to generate a complete three-dimensional stratum structure model.
Preferably, the method for realizing the visualization of the three-dimensional stratum structure comprises the following steps:
acquiring a rendering component set of a rendering platform as a visual variable index;
inputting preset rendering time into the rendering platform as a visual constraint condition;
acquiring index information of the three-dimensional stratum structure model, and inputting the index information into the rendering platform;
building an adaptive response function based on the visual variable index, the visual constraint condition and the index information;
and based on the self-adaptive response function, stratum rendering parameters are obtained, and visualization of the three-dimensional stratum structure is realized.
There is also provided a three-dimensional stratigraphic structure visualization system comprising: the system comprises a data acquisition module, a preprocessing module, a database module, an optimal model acquisition module, a three-dimensional model construction module and a visualization module;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring drilling data of a preset region;
the preprocessing module is used for preprocessing the drilling data;
the database module is used for constructing a drilling information database based on the preprocessed drilling data;
the optimal model acquisition module is used for carrying out exploratory spatial analysis on drilling data based on the drilling information database and establishing a stratum optimal model;
the three-dimensional model construction module is used for constructing a three-dimensional stratum structure model based on the drilling information database and the stratum optimal model;
the visualization module is used for realizing visualization of the three-dimensional stratum structure based on the three-dimensional stratum structure model.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the method, the model optimization is realized through the acquisition and exploratory spatial analysis of the drilling data and the semi-variation function theoretical model based on three-layer planning, and the related geological problems are better assisted and solved through the construction of the three-dimensional stratum structure model and the realization of visualization, so that the distribution characteristics of the underground three-dimensional geologic body are intuitively reflected.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments are briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for visualizing a three-dimensional formation according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a three-dimensional stratum structure visualization method includes the following steps:
acquiring drilling data of a preset region;
preprocessing drilling data;
constructing a drilling information database based on the preprocessed drilling data;
based on a drilling information database, carrying out exploratory space analysis on drilling data, and establishing a stratum optimal model;
constructing a three-dimensional stratum structure model based on the drilling information database and the stratum optimal model;
based on the three-dimensional stratum structure model, the visualization of the three-dimensional stratum structure is realized.
The pretreatment method comprises the following steps:
assigning an orifice elevation value to the borehole based on the borehole data;
obtaining a stratum arrangement sequence based on the stratum distribution relation of the actually measured drilling holes;
numbering the strata based on the stratum arrangement sequence;
generating a stratum layer sequence table of a preset region based on the number;
based on the drilling data and the stratum sequence table, obtaining the number of the stratum sequence table corresponding to the discrete data of the demarcation points of each stratum in the preset region drilling, and obtaining the sequence rule of the drilling data;
based on the giving of the orifice elevation values and the sequence rule, the pretreatment of drilling data is realized.
In particular, the method for obtaining the stratum arrangement sequence comprises the following steps: and screening out drilling data of which a part in the preset area can reflect the stratum structure in detail, setting the preset drilling point sequence as an initial global drilling sequence, and comparing the rest drilling holes with the initial global drilling sequence one by one. If the stratum sequence is consistent, the next drilling comparison work is carried out without changing the stratum sequence; if the stratum sequence is inconsistent, a new stratum updated stratum sequence table is introduced into the initial global drilling stratum sequence, the new stratum is introduced to be inserted into a corresponding position only according to the upper and lower adjacent relation of the stratum, the updated stratum sequence table after the last comparison cannot be changed, and the like, so that the stratum sequence comparison work of all drilling data is completed, and the final and complete stratum sequence table of the research area is obtained.
In particular, the borehole information database is a file geographic database.
The method for exploratory spatial analysis of drilling data comprises the following steps:
performing normal inspection on a data set of the drilling information database;
analyzing the change trend of the regional variation in the preset direction of the space of the data set to realize the overall trend analysis;
based on the experience variation function of discrete data points in the data set, a variation function cloud chart is obtained, and variation analysis is realized;
based on the variation function cloud image, identifying global outliers in the data set, and performing spatial autocorrelation analysis and anisotropic analysis;
exploratory spatial analysis of borehole data is achieved based on normal inspection, global trend analysis, variance analysis, spatial autocorrelation analysis, anisotropic analysis, and identification of global outliers.
Specifically, the method for establishing the stratum optimal model comprises the following steps:
based on the drilling data analyzed by exploratory space, generating the ground surface of the grid data type and the stratum interfaces by adopting a common Kriging method interpolation fitting;
based on the ground surface and the stratum interfaces, different semi-variation function theoretical models are adopted, and the accuracy of interpolation results is analyzed to obtain a stratum optimal model.
In particular, the half-variation function theoretical model is a half-variation function theoretical model based on three-layer planning, and the solving method of the half-variation function theoretical model based on three-layer planning is as follows:
cross verification is adopted to verify the effectiveness of the half-variation function theoretical model, and a first layer planning model is constructed;
solving half-variation function model parameters by adopting a MoM moment method and a weighted least square method, and constructing a second-layer planning model;
performing spatial interpolation by adopting a common Kriging method to construct a third layer planning model;
constructing a three-layer planning solution model of half-variation function theoretical model parameters based on the first layer planning model, the second layer planning model and the third layer planning model;
and based on a three-layer planning solving model, adopting a particle swarm algorithm to solve the half-variance function theoretical model.
Particularly, the first layer programming and the second layer programming are multi-element high-order nonlinear programming, and a particle swarm algorithm is adopted to solve the model to obtain respective optimal decision variables; the third layer is planned to be a common kriging Jin Guzhi process, the estimation process is converted into N linear programming problems, and the estimation value and the kriging variance of each drilling data are respectively obtained; and optimizing and obtaining an optimal solution of the half-variation function theoretical model based on feedback transfer mechanisms of all planning layers.
Specifically, the calculation formula of the first layer planning model is as follows:
wherein h is 1 ≥0，h 2 ≥0
Wherein: f (f) 1 Objective function values for the first layer plan; z (x) i ) The sample value is the observation point; z is Z * (x i ) Is an estimated value of the observation point; w (w) 1 、w 2 、w 3 、w 4 Weights of sub-objective functions for the first layer plan; f (F) 1 、F 2 、F 3 、F 4 Respectively representing sub-objective functions; h is a 1 、h 2 Decision variables for the first layer planning respectively represent the maximum calculation range and the increment of the separation distance; n is the number of samples;
is Z * (x i ) Is the Keli gold variance of (c).
The method for constructing the three-dimensional stratum structure model comprises the following steps:
converting the stratum optimal model into an irregular triangular net data type, and sequentially superposing the data type according to a layer sequence rule to generate a skeleton structure of the three-dimensional stratum structure model;
stretching upper and lower interfaces of a preset soil layer in a framework structure of the three-dimensional stratum structure model by taking a convex hull boundary of drilling data as a reference, and converting the upper and lower interfaces into soil layer entities of polyhedral data types;
based on the sequence rule, a complete three-dimensional stratum structure model is generated by superposition.
The method for realizing the visualization of the three-dimensional stratum structure comprises the following steps:
acquiring a rendering component set of a rendering platform as a visual variable index;
inputting preset rendering time into a rendering platform as a visual constraint condition;
index information of the three-dimensional stratum structure model is obtained and input into a rendering platform;
constructing an adaptive response function based on the visual variable index, the visual constraint condition and the index information;
and based on the self-adaptive response function, stratum rendering parameters are obtained, and visualization of the three-dimensional stratum structure is realized.
In particular, the visualization of the three-dimensional stratum structure further comprises three-dimensional modeling of the drilling hole, so that the inquiry of driller information can be realized, and the section line can be independently constructed.
Example two
There is also provided a three-dimensional stratigraphic structure visualization system comprising: the system comprises a data acquisition module, a preprocessing module, a database module, an optimal model acquisition module, a three-dimensional model construction module and a visualization module;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring drilling data of a preset region;
the preprocessing module is used for preprocessing the drilling data;
the database module is used for constructing a drilling information database based on the preprocessed drilling data;
the optimal model acquisition module is used for carrying out exploratory space analysis on drilling data based on the drilling information database and establishing a stratum optimal model;
the three-dimensional model construction module is used for constructing a three-dimensional stratum structure model based on the drilling information database and the stratum optimal model;
and the visualization module is used for realizing visualization of the three-dimensional stratum structure based on the three-dimensional stratum structure model.
The working process of the preprocessing module is as follows:
assigning an orifice elevation value to the borehole based on the borehole data;
obtaining a stratum arrangement sequence based on the stratum distribution relation of the actually measured drilling holes;
numbering the strata based on the stratum arrangement sequence;
generating a stratum layer sequence table of a preset region based on the number;
based on the drilling data and the stratum sequence table, obtaining the number of the stratum sequence table corresponding to the discrete data of the demarcation points of each stratum in the preset region drilling, and obtaining the sequence rule of the drilling data;
based on the giving of the orifice elevation values and the sequence rule, the pretreatment of drilling data is realized.
The process of exploratory spatial analysis of borehole data is:
performing normal inspection on a data set of the drilling information database;
analyzing the change trend of the regional variation in the preset direction of the space of the data set to realize the overall trend analysis;
based on the experience variation function of discrete data points in the data set, a variation function cloud chart is obtained, and variation analysis is realized;
based on the variation function cloud image, identifying global outliers in the data set, and performing spatial autocorrelation analysis and anisotropic analysis;
exploratory spatial analysis of borehole data is achieved based on normal inspection, global trend analysis, variance analysis, spatial autocorrelation analysis, anisotropic analysis, and identification of global outliers.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, but various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains are made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and all modifications and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for visualizing a three-dimensional formation, comprising the steps of:
acquiring drilling data of a preset region;
preprocessing the drilling data;
constructing a drilling information database based on the preprocessed drilling data;
based on the drilling information database, carrying out exploratory space analysis on drilling data, and establishing a stratum optimal model;
constructing a three-dimensional stratum structure model based on the drilling information database and the stratum optimal model;
based on the three-dimensional stratum structure model, visualization of the three-dimensional stratum structure is achieved.
2. The method for visualizing a three-dimensional subterranean structure according to claim 1, wherein said pre-treatment is performed by:
assigning an orifice elevation value to the borehole based on the borehole data;
obtaining a stratum arrangement sequence based on the stratum distribution relation of the actually measured drilling holes;
numbering the strata based on the stratum arrangement sequence;
generating a stratum sequence table of a preset region based on the number;
based on the drilling data and the stratum sequence table, obtaining the serial numbers of the stratum sequence table corresponding to discrete data of the demarcation points of each stratum in the preset region drilling, and obtaining the sequence rule of the drilling data;
based on the giving of the orifice elevation value and the sequence rule, preprocessing of the drilling data is achieved.
3. The method of visualizing a three-dimensional subterranean formation according to claim 1, wherein the method of performing exploratory spatial analysis of borehole data is:
performing normal inspection on the data set of the drilling information database;
analyzing the change trend of the regional variation quantity of the data set in the space preset direction, and realizing global trend analysis;
based on the experience variation function of the discrete data points in the data set, a variation function cloud chart is obtained, and variation analysis is realized;
based on the variation function cloud image, identifying global outliers in the data set, and performing spatial autocorrelation analysis and anisotropic analysis;
based on the normal examination, the global trend analysis, the variance analysis, the spatial autocorrelation analysis, the anisotropy analysis, and the identification of the global outliers, exploratory spatial analysis of the borehole data is achieved.
4. The method for visualizing a three-dimensional formation structure as in claim 1, wherein the method for establishing an optimal model of the formation is:
generating a ground surface of a raster data type and stratum interfaces by adopting a common Kriging interpolation fitting based on the drilling data analyzed by exploratory space;
and based on the ground surface and the stratum interfaces, adopting different semi-variation function theoretical models, and analyzing the accuracy of interpolation results to obtain a stratum optimal model.
5. The three-dimensional stratum structure visualization method according to claim 4, wherein the half-variation function theoretical model is a half-variation function theoretical model based on three-layer planning, and the solving method of the half-variation function theoretical model based on three-layer planning is as follows:
cross verification is adopted to verify the effectiveness of the semi-variation function theoretical model, and a first layer planning model is constructed;
solving half-variation function model parameters by adopting a MoM moment method and a weighted least square method, and constructing a second-layer planning model;
performing spatial interpolation by adopting a common Kriging method to construct a third layer planning model;
constructing a three-layer planning solution model of half-variation function theoretical model parameters based on the first layer planning model, the second layer planning model and the third layer planning model;
and based on the three-layer planning solving model, adopting a particle swarm algorithm to solve the half-variation function theoretical model.
6. The method for visualizing a three-dimensional structure as in claim 2, wherein the method for constructing a three-dimensional structure model is:
converting the stratum optimal model into an irregular triangular net data type, and sequentially superposing the irregular triangular net data type according to the sequence rule to generate a skeleton structure of a three-dimensional stratum structure model;
stretching upper and lower interfaces of a preset soil layer in a framework structure of the three-dimensional stratum structure model by taking a convex hull boundary of the drilling data as a reference, and converting the upper and lower interfaces into soil layer entities of a polyhedral data type;
and based on the sequence rule, superposing to generate a complete three-dimensional stratum structure model.
7. The method for visualizing a three-dimensional structure as in claim 2, wherein the method for visualizing a three-dimensional structure is:
acquiring a rendering component set of a rendering platform as a visual variable index;
inputting preset rendering time into the rendering platform as a visual constraint condition;
acquiring index information of the three-dimensional stratum structure model, and inputting the index information into the rendering platform;
building an adaptive response function based on the visual variable index, the visual constraint condition and the index information;
and based on the self-adaptive response function, stratum rendering parameters are obtained, and visualization of the three-dimensional stratum structure is realized.
8. A three-dimensional stratigraphic structure visualization system, comprising: the system comprises a data acquisition module, a preprocessing module, a database module, an optimal model acquisition module, a three-dimensional model construction module and a visualization module;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring drilling data of a preset region;
the preprocessing module is used for preprocessing the drilling data;
the database module is used for constructing a drilling information database based on the preprocessed drilling data;
the optimal model acquisition module is used for carrying out exploratory spatial analysis on drilling data based on the drilling information database and establishing a stratum optimal model;
the three-dimensional model construction module is used for constructing a three-dimensional stratum structure model based on the drilling information database and the stratum optimal model;
the visualization module is used for realizing visualization of the three-dimensional stratum structure based on the three-dimensional stratum structure model.
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