CN116120114B - Method for producing novel fertilizer by recycling kitchen garbage - Google Patents
Method for producing novel fertilizer by recycling kitchen garbage Download PDFInfo
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- CN116120114B CN116120114B CN202211576965.6A CN202211576965A CN116120114B CN 116120114 B CN116120114 B CN 116120114B CN 202211576965 A CN202211576965 A CN 202211576965A CN 116120114 B CN116120114 B CN 116120114B
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- wood chips
- kitchen
- modified wood
- kitchen garbage
- deionized water
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- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- FDQQNNZKEJIHMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4,5-trimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=CC(C)=C1C FDQQNNZKEJIHMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
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- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000589151 Azotobacter Species 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 241000235015 Yarrowia lipolytica Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 37
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 abstract description 15
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 26
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 26
- 150000003445 sucroses Chemical class 0.000 description 20
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229940049920 malate Drugs 0.000 description 8
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 description 6
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- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
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- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- YKLWRYOORWTCQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N epiphyllanthine Natural products C1C23OC(=O)C=C2C=CC1N1CCC(OC)CC13 YKLWRYOORWTCQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- -1 malate modified sucrose derivative Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- YKLWRYOORWTCQQ-HKUMRIAESA-N phyllanthine Chemical compound C1[C@@]23OC(=O)C=C2C=C[C@H]1N1CC[C@@H](OC)C[C@@H]13 YKLWRYOORWTCQQ-HKUMRIAESA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000010933 acylation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005917 acylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000413 hydrolysate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenolphthalein Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)O1 KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007218 ym medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000222120 Candida <Saccharomycetales> Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000007696 Kjeldahl method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 102000016776 Midkine Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010092801 Midkine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical group OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000635201 Pumilus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000021736 acetylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006640 acetylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005903 acid hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002306 biochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940041514 candida albicans extract Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006285 cell suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003833 cell viability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001212 derivatisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001477 organic nitrogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010399 physical interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000185 sucrose group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing a novel fertilizer by recycling kitchen garbage, which relates to the technical field of garbage treatment and comprises the following steps: and fermenting kitchen garbage by using a kitchen starter to prepare the novel fertilizer. Wherein, kitchen garbage starter comprises: modified wood chips and composite bacterial bodies; the modified wood chips are obtained by taking pine wood chips as raw materials, performing activation treatment by a sodium hydroxide solution, and then performing transesterification reaction with N- (phosphonomethyl) iminodiacetic acid; the hydroxyl content of the modified wood chips is 0.6-0.7 mmol/g. According to the method provided by the invention, the kitchen waste is fermented by the fermenting agent, so that proteins, grease and the like in the kitchen waste are degraded more effectively, the degradation degree is obviously improved, and the prepared novel fertilizer has higher nitrogen content and the fertilizer efficiency is obviously enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of garbage treatment, and particularly relates to a method for producing a novel fertilizer by utilizing kitchen garbage as a resource.
Background
Research shows that the kitchen waste produced by restaurant enterprises in China exceeds 3000 ten thousand tons each year, the quantity is remarkable, but the urban kitchen waste treatment capacity is relatively serious. The kitchen waste is an important component of organic waste in urban solid waste (Municipal solid wastes, MSW), and has the physical and chemical characteristics of high moisture and high organic matter content, and the grease content is far higher than that of other organic waste, and the main nutritional ingredients are 73.03 percent, 12.16 percent, 6.23 percent, 4.16 percent and 1.24 percent of moisture, protein, fat, sugar and salt respectively; ash content is 1.75%, total carbon content is 13.95%, and the method is not suitable for direct incineration treatment; at present, the kitchen waste is mainly treated by government actions for landfill, incineration and biological reduction, including feed technology, fertilizer treatment technology, biological anaerobic fermentation treatment technology, biodiesel technology and the like. Patent CN101775414 discloses a process for preparing biofuel and protein feed from kitchen waste through microbial fermentation, wherein the residue is subjected to filter pressing by a filter press to realize solid-liquid separation, and oil-water natural separation is realized by an oil-water separator, so that grease is obtained for preparing biodiesel; liquefying and sterilizing the solid residues, adding saccharifying enzyme and strain to perform fermentation process while saccharifying, distilling to obtain alcohol-based fuel and high-protein feed, and extracting and fermenting by biodiesel and microorganism to obtain alcohol-based fuel; the bottom liquid of the distillation still reaches the national discharge standard after being treated by photosynthetic bacteria.
At present, anaerobic digestion treatment and aerobic fermentation are the highest in the kitchen waste treatment and utilization proportion in China, and organic fertilizer is prepared by virtue of aerobic fermentation, but waste plastics, waste metal particles and the like always exist in the traditional kitchen waste organic fertilizer preparation process route due to complex kitchen waste components; therefore, reasonable design of the novel fertilizer by utilizing kitchen waste, which is economical and feasible, can be popularized on a large scale, becomes necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for producing a novel fertilizer by recycling kitchen waste, which is characterized in that the kitchen waste is fermented by a fermenting agent, so that proteins, grease and the like in the kitchen waste are degraded more effectively, the degradation degree is obviously improved, and the prepared novel fertilizer has higher nitrogen content and the fertilizer efficiency is obviously enhanced.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for achieving the purpose is as follows:
a modified wood chip is prepared from pine wood chip as raw material by activating with sodium hydroxide solution, and modifying with N- (phosphonomethyl) iminodiacetic acid by chemical reaction; the hydroxyl content of the modified wood chips is 0.6-0.7 mmol/g. According to the invention, the modified wood chips are prepared by grafting modification of the surfaces of the wood chips through the chemical reaction of N- (phosphonomethyl) iminodiacetic acid, and are used as a carrier material in the preparation process of the kitchen waste fermenting agent, so that microbial thalli are loaded and act on kitchen waste, the fermenting effect of the fermenting agent on the waste can be effectively enhanced, the degradation effects of protein and fat are obviously improved, the prepared novel fertilizer has higher nitrogen content, and the fertilizer efficiency of the fertilizer is obviously improved. The reason for this may be that the surface of the wood chip is chemically modified by adopting the phyllanthine, which has a certain influence on the surface morphology, increases the surface roughness, introduces more active functional groups, provides more active sites for the adhesion of microbial cells, is more favorable for the survival of microbial cells, better exerts the bioactivity of the microbial cells, enhances the degradation of the kitchen waste by the ferment, and further ensures that the prepared fertilizer has better fertilizer efficiency.
Further, the total pore volume of the modified wood chips is 0.020-0.035 cm 3 /g。
The preparation method of the modified wood chips comprises the following steps:
activating pine wood chips with alkaline solution to obtain activated wood chips;
mixing activated wood chips, N- (phosphonomethyl) iminodiacetic acid, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and deionized water for reaction to obtain modified wood chips.
Specifically, the preparation method of the modified wood chips comprises the following steps:
soaking pine wood chips in deionized water, washing, drying at 60-70 ℃, crushing by a crusher, sieving with a 60-100 mesh sieve, soaking in deionized water again, magnetically stirring for 10-12 hours, carrying out suction filtration, washing with deionized water, and drying at 60-70 ℃; then adding 0.4-0.6M sodium hydroxide solution, boiling for 1-2 hours, performing activation pretreatment, performing suction filtration, washing with deionized water until filtrate is neutral, and drying at 60-70 ℃ to obtain activated wood chips;
mixing activated wood chips, N- (phosphonomethyl) iminodiacetic acid, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and deionized water, performing ultrasonic oscillation for 20-30 min, boiling for 1-2 h at a temperature of 100 ℃ in an autoclave, drying for 3-5 h at a temperature of 140-150 ℃, adding deionized water, stirring for 20-30 min, performing suction filtration, washing the filtrate with deionized water until the filtrate is neutral, and drying to constant weight at a temperature of 65-75 ℃ to obtain modified wood chips.
Further, the mass ratio of the activated wood chips to the N- (phosphonomethyl) iminodiacetic acid to the sodium dihydrogen phosphate to the deionized water is 1: 0.17-0.22: 0.1 to 0.2: 9-11.
The invention also discloses application of the modified wood chip as a microorganism immobilization carrier.
The invention also discloses application of the modified wood chips in preparing a microbial composite microbial agent for kitchen garbage fermentation degradation.
A kitchen waste ferment comprising: the modified wood chips and the composite bacterial body.
Further, the composite bacterial body comprises Aspergillus niger, candida lipolytica, azotobacter chroococcus and bacillus pumilus.
The composite bacterial body includes: 10-16 parts of aspergillus niger by weightAspergillus niger) 8-12 parts of candida lipolyticaCandida lipolytica) 8-12 parts of azotobacter chroococcusAzotobacter chroococcum) 6-10 parts of bacillus pumilusBacillus pumilus）。
The preparation method of the kitchen garbage fermenting agent comprises the following steps:
preparing composite thallus, culturing Aspergillus niger, candida lipolytica, azotobacter chroococcus and bacillus pumilus with culture medium at 180-200 rpm and 25-30deg.C for 1-3 d to obtain a mixture with a concentration of 10 7 ~10 8 Bacterial strain suspension with spore/mL concentration; then taking bacterial suspension of each bacterial according to a certain weight portion ratio for compound mixing to obtain compound thalli;
and (3) sterilizing the carrier material under high pressure, and mixing the carrier material with the composite thalli to prepare the kitchen garbage fermenting agent.
Further, the composite bacterial body accounts for 1.5-3wt% of the modified wood dust.
More preferably, the composite thalli are treated by a protective agent, in particular to the bacterial suspension of each bacterial species is centrifuged, and the protective agent is added for suspension to obtain the treated bacterial suspension; wherein the protective agent is a mixed water-soluble solution of sucrose and sucrose derivatives. According to the invention, the sucrose is chemically modified by the transesterification reaction of the apple ester to obtain the sucrose derivative, and the sucrose derivative is used as a protective agent component for treating microbial cells, so that a better protective effect is achieved, the survival rate of microbial cells is effectively improved, the biological activity of the microbial cells is improved, and thus, kitchen garbage is better acted, degradation and fermentation are carried out, the degradation effects of protein and fat in the kitchen garbage are further enhanced, the nitrogen content of the novel fertilizer prepared is further improved, and the fertility of the novel fertilizer is more excellent. The reason for this may be that the novel substance structure prepared by modifying sucrose with malate may be capable of obtaining more stable protein by changing protein microenvironment, or may induce accumulation of certain saccharides in microbial cells, thereby enhancing microbial activity, improving viability thereof, and further acting on kitchen garbage better, and degrading and fermenting to prepare the novel fertilizer.
The mass ratio of sucrose to sucrose derivative is 1: 0.8-1; the concentration of sucrose in the mixed aqueous solution is 4-6wt%.
Further, the sucrose derivative is a product of malate derivatization of sucrose.
The preparation method of the sucrose derivative comprises the following steps: the sucrose derivative is prepared by transesterification of malate and sucrose.
Further specifically, the preparation method of the sucrose derivative comprises the following steps:
mixing apple ester, KOH and methanol, refluxing for 0.5-1.5 h at 68-74 ℃, adding sucrose and potassium carbonate, heating to 130-140 ℃, reacting for 2-4 h under-0.02-0.04 MPa, and slowly steaming out methanol; and then cooling to 85-95 ℃, washing with 8-12wt% sodium chloride aqueous solution and 75-85 ℃ water in sequence, and vacuum drying for 2-4 h at 75-85 ℃ to obtain the sucrose derivative.
Further, the molar ratio of the malate to the sucrose is 1.8-2.2: 1.
further, the using amount of KOH is 7-8.5wt% of sucrose; the use amount of the methanol is 35-45wt% of sucrose; the consumption of the potassium carbonate is 1.5-2.5wt% of sucrose.
A method for producing a novel fertilizer by recycling kitchen waste, comprising the following steps:
s1: draining the collected kitchen garbage to make the water content of the kitchen garbage smaller than 70%, screening out metal and plastic, stirring and cleaning the kitchen garbage with weak base waste liquid, and heating the kitchen garbage for 1-2 hours under the water bath condition of 40-60 ℃;
s2: taking kitchen garbage treated in the step S1, carrying out hydraulic crushing, and then squeezing and screening to obtain water which is weak base waste liquid and can be recycled; the obtained solid is subjected to the next step;
s3: adding 0.5-2 h to the solid obtained in the step S2 at 80-100 ℃, cooling to room temperature, adding a kitchen garbage fermenting agent according to the proportion of 20-25 wt%, controlling the fermentation temperature to be 30-50 ℃ and fermenting for 7-15 d;
s4: and (3) adjusting the concentration of the fermented feed liquid, and then performing slurry spraying granulation to form the novel fertilizer.
Further, in the step S1, the pH value of the weak base waste liquid is 8.5-9.5.
Further, in the step S1, the feed liquid ratio of the kitchen garbage to the weak base waste liquid is 1g: 8-10 mL.
Further, kitchen waste includes staple food, fruits and vegetables, and meat and eggs.
Further, in the step S4, the concentration is adjusted to be 30-40 wt%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the surface of the wood chip is chemically modified by adopting N- (phosphonomethyl) iminodiacetic acid through transesterification reaction, so that the modified wood chip is prepared, and the modified wood chip is used as a carrier material in a kitchen waste fermenting agent preparation process, so that the fermenting effect of the fermenting agent on waste can be effectively enhanced, the degradation effects of protein and fat in kitchen waste are obviously improved, the prepared novel fertilizer has higher nitrogen content, and the fertilizer efficiency of the fertilizer is obviously improved. According to the invention, the apple ester is adopted to carry out chemical modification on the sucrose through transesterification reaction to obtain the sucrose derivative, so that a better protective effect is achieved on microbial cells, the survival rate of the microbial cells is effectively improved, thus better acting on kitchen garbage, the degradation effect of protein and fat in the kitchen garbage is further enhanced, and the nitrogen content of the novel fertilizer prepared is further improved. The invention realizes the utilization of kitchen garbage resources by utilizing a biochemical method, changes the prior process of producing biological oil by utilizing kitchen garbage with high production cost, comprehensively utilizes related components, produces the novel fertilizer rich in organic nitrogen, phosphorus and other elements, has better fertilizer efficiency, can effectively promote the growth of plants, and has higher economic benefit and practical popularization value.
Therefore, the invention provides a method for producing a novel fertilizer by recycling kitchen waste, which is characterized in that the kitchen waste is fermented by a fermenting agent, so that proteins, grease and the like in the kitchen waste are degraded more effectively, the degradation degree is obviously improved, and the prepared novel fertilizer has higher nitrogen content and the fertilizer efficiency is obviously enhanced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an infrared test result of activated wood chips and modified wood chips prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an infrared test result of sucrose derivatives and sucrose prepared in example 7 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows the variation of protein content during the fermentation degradation process of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows the variation of fat content during the fermentation degradation process according to the invention;
FIG. 5 shows the variation of total nitrogen content during the fermentation degradation process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the following describes in detail various embodiments of the present invention with reference to the embodiments. However, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that in various embodiments of the present invention, numerous technical details have been set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. However, the technical solutions claimed in the present application can be implemented without these technical details and with various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.
Aspergillus niger used in the examples of the present invention was purchased from North Biotechnology Co., ltd., shanghai, cat# AS3.3928; candida lipolytica was purchased from Shanghai, biosciences, inc., cat# GIM2.187; azotobacter chroococcus is purchased from North Biotech Co.Ltd., shanghai under the accession number CICC 21686; bacillus pumilus was purchased from Beijing midkine quality control biotechnology Co., ltd., accession number CMCC (B) 63202.
The characteristics of the kitchen waste used in the embodiment of the invention are shown in table 1:
table 1 chemical properties of kitchen waste
| Moisture content (%) | pH | Organic carbon (g.kg) -1 ） | Total organic matter (%) | Total nitrogen (%) | Fat (%) | Protein (%) |
| 73.9 | 4.6 | 340.5 | 86.4 | 4.2 | 18.7 | 20.6 |
Example 1:
preparation of modified wood chips:
soaking pine wood chips in deionized water, washing, drying at 65 ℃, crushing by a crusher, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, soaking in deionized water again, magnetically stirring for 12h, filtering, washing with deionized water, and drying at 65 ℃; then adding 0.5M sodium hydroxide solution, boiling for 1.5h, performing activation pretreatment, performing suction filtration, washing with deionized water until the filtrate is neutral, and drying at 70 ℃ to obtain activated wood chips;
mixing activated wood dust, N- (phosphonomethyl) iminodiacetic acid, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and deionized water, ultrasonically oscillating for 20min, boiling for 1h at 100 ℃ in an autoclave, drying for 4h at 150 ℃, adding deionized water, stirring for 25min, filtering, washing the deionized water until filtrate is neutral, and drying to constant weight at 68 ℃ to obtain modified wood dust; wherein, the mass ratio of the activated wood chips to the N- (phosphonomethyl) iminodiacetic acid to the sodium dihydrogen phosphate to the deionized water is 1:0.2:0.14:10.
a kitchen waste ferment comprising: composite thalli and modified wood chips.
The composite bacterial body includes: 14 parts of aspergillus niger, 10 parts of candida lipolytica, 10 parts of azotobacter chroococcus and 8 parts of bacillus pumilus.
The preparation of the kitchen garbage fermenting agent comprises the following steps:
preparing composite bacteria, and culturing Aspergillus niger for 2d by adopting a culture medium at 200rpm and 25 ℃; culturing Candida lipolytica in YM medium at 200rpm and 25deg.C for 2d; culturing azotobacter chroococcus in AM culture medium at 200rpm and 25deg.C for 2d; culturing Bacillus pumilus with culture medium at 200rpm and 30deg.C for 2d to obtain a concentration of 10 7 spore/mL strain suspension of each strain; taking bacterial suspension of each bacterial according to weight parts, and mixing to obtain a composite bacterial body;
the carrier material is sterilized under high pressure and then mixed with the composite thalli to prepare the kitchen garbage fermenting agent, wherein the composite thalli accounts for 2.4 weight percent of the modified wood dust.
It should be noted that:
aspergillus niger medium formula: 5.0g of peptone, 20.0g of agar and CaCO 3 40g，(NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 2.3g，K 2 HPO 4 3.0g，MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O1.0 g, glucose 30.0g,distilled water 1L.
YM medium formula: 3.0g of yeast powder, 3.0g of malt extract, 10.0g of glucose, 5.0g of peptone, 20.0g of agar, 1L of distilled water and pH of 6.4.
AM medium formulation: yeast extract 0.5g, mannitol 20.0g, KH 2 PO 4 0.2g，K 2 HPO 4 0.8g，MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.2g，CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O 0.1g，Na 2 MoO 4 ·2H 2 Trace of O, feCl 3 Trace amount of distilled water 1L, pH 7.2.
The formula of the bacillus pumilus culture medium comprises the following components: beef extract 5.0g, peptone 10.0g, naCl 5.0g, distilled water 1L, pH 7.2.
Example 2:
a method for producing novel fertilizer by utilizing kitchen garbage resource comprises the following steps:
s1: draining the collected kitchen garbage to make the water content less than 70%, screening out metal and plastic, stirring and cleaning with weak base waste liquid, and heating for 1.5h under the water bath condition of 50 ℃; wherein, the feed liquid ratio of kitchen garbage to weak base waste liquid is 1:9, a step of performing the process;
s2: taking kitchen garbage treated in the step S1, carrying out hydraulic crushing, and then squeezing and screening, wherein the obtained water is weak base waste liquid (pH 9.0) and can be recycled; the obtained solid is subjected to the next step;
s3: heating the solid obtained in the step S2 at 100 ℃ for 1.5 hours, cooling to room temperature, adding the kitchen garbage fermenting agent prepared in the example 1 according to the proportion of 22.4wt%, controlling the fermentation temperature to 45 ℃, and fermenting for 15 days;
s4: and (3) regulating the concentration (36 wt%) of the fermented feed liquid, and then spraying slurry and granulating to form the novel fertilizer.
Example 3:
the modified wood chips were prepared as in example 1: the mass ratio of the activated wood chips to the N- (phosphonomethyl) iminodiacetic acid to the sodium dihydrogen phosphate to the deionized water is 1:0.17:0.1:9.
a kitchen waste ferment comprising: composite thalli and modified wood chips. The composite thallus accounts for 1.6wt% of the modified wood dust.
The composite bacterial body comprises: 10 parts of aspergillus niger, 8 parts of candida lipolytica, 9 parts of azotobacter chroococcus and 7 parts of bacillus pumilus.
Example 4:
the method for producing the novel fertilizer by recycling kitchen garbage is different from the method in the embodiment 2 in that: the kitchen waste starter was prepared as in example 3.
Example 5:
the modified wood chips were prepared as in example 1: the mass ratio of the activated wood chips to the N- (phosphonomethyl) iminodiacetic acid to the sodium dihydrogen phosphate to the deionized water is 1:0.22:0.2:11.
a kitchen waste ferment comprising: composite thalli and modified wood chips. The composite thalli accounts for 2.6wt% of the modified wood dust.
The composite bacterial body comprises: 15 parts of aspergillus niger, 11 parts of candida lipolytica, 10 parts of azotobacter chroococcus and 10 parts of bacillus pumilus.
Example 6:
the method for producing the novel fertilizer by recycling kitchen garbage is different from the method in the embodiment 2 in that: the kitchen waste starter was prepared as in example 5.
Example 7:
a kitchen garbage ferment and its preparation are different from example 1 in that: treating the composite thalli by a protective agent, specifically centrifuging strain suspension of each strain, and then adding the protective agent for suspension to obtain treated strain suspension; wherein the protective agent is a mixed water-soluble solution of sucrose and sucrose derivatives.
The mass ratio of sucrose to sucrose derivative is 1:0.9; the sucrose concentration in the mixed aqueous solution was 5.4wt%.
Preparation of the sucrose derivatives described above:
mixing apple ester, KOH and methanol, refluxing at 72 ℃ for 1.2 hours, adding sucrose and potassium carbonate, heating to 136 ℃, placing a reaction system under-0.03 MPa for reaction for 3 hours, and slowly steaming out methanol; then cooling to 90 ℃, washing with 10wt% sodium chloride aqueous solution and 80 ℃ water in sequence, and vacuum drying for 3 hours at 85 ℃ to obtain a sucrose derivative; wherein, the molar ratio of the apple ester to the sucrose is 2:1, a step of; KOH was used in an amount of 7.8wt% of sucrose; the use amount of methanol is 40.5wt% of sucrose; the amount of potassium carbonate used was 2.1wt% of sucrose.
Example 8:
the method for producing the novel fertilizer by recycling kitchen garbage is different from the method in the embodiment 2 in that: the kitchen waste starter was prepared as in example 7.
Example 9:
the kitchen garbage ferment and the preparation thereof are different from the embodiment 7 in that: and adopting wood chips to replace modified wood chips.
The sucrose derivatives were prepared as in example 7.
Example 10:
the method for producing the novel fertilizer by recycling kitchen garbage is different from the method in the embodiment 8 in that: the kitchen waste starter was prepared as in example 9.
Example 11:
a kitchen garbage ferment and its preparation are different from example 1 in that: and adopting wood chips to replace modified wood chips.
Example 12:
the method for producing the novel fertilizer by recycling kitchen garbage is different from the method in the embodiment 2 in that: the kitchen waste starter was prepared as in example 11.
Example 13:
the kitchen garbage ferment and the preparation thereof are different from the embodiment 9 in that: the protective agent adopts sucrose with the same molar quantity to replace the sucrose derivative.
Example 14:
the method for producing the novel fertilizer by recycling kitchen garbage is different from the embodiment 10 in that: the kitchen waste starter was prepared as in example 13.
Test example 1:
infrared sign
The sample is thoroughly dried, mixed with potassium bromide, ground, pressed into tablets, and then scanned and tested by an infrared spectrometer. Test parameters: wave number range of 500-5004000cm -1 The scanning times are 60 times, and the resolution is 1cm -1 。
The activated wood chips and modified wood chips prepared in example 1 were subjected to the above test, and the results are shown in fig. 1. From the analysis of the figure, compared with the infrared spectrum of the activated wood chips, 1745cm was found in the infrared test pattern of the modified wood chips prepared in example 1 -1 Characteristic absorption peak of C=O bond appears nearby, 1255cm -1 、818cm -1 Characteristic absorption peak of phosphoric acid group appeared nearby 1230cm -1 The characteristic absorption peaks of C-N bonds appear nearby, and the above results indicate that the modified wood chips in example 1 were successfully produced.
The sucrose derivatives prepared in example 7 and sucrose were subjected to the above test, and the results are shown in fig. 2. From the analysis of the figure, it is seen that 1721cm of the infrared test spectrum of the sucrose derivative prepared in example 7 compared with the infrared spectrum of sucrose -1 Characteristic absorption peak with C=O bond nearby, 1218cm -1 The characteristic absorption peak of C-O in the vicinity of the ester group appears, and the above result indicates that the sucrose derivative in example 7 was successfully produced.
Determination of the hydroxyl content
The test was carried out using acetic anhydride acetylation with pyridine as catalyst. The method comprises the following steps: a standard solution of sodium hydroxide, an acylating solution (1 volume of acetic anhydride plus 10 volumes of pyridine) and a hydrolysate (1 volume of pyridine plus 9 volumes of water) were prepared at a concentration of 0.5M. Then 1.0g of sample is taken and put into an acylation bottle, 10mL of acylation liquid is added, a condensation pipe is connected, and the mixture is placed into a boiling water bath for heating for 1 hour; then, the condenser was rinsed with 5mL of pyridine, cooled to room temperature, 10mL of a hydrolysate was added, the mixture was shaken, and after 5 minutes of standing, 5 drops of a phenolphthalein indicator were added, and the mixture was titrated to reddish with a sodium hydroxide standard solution, and 30 seconds of fastness was determined as the titration end point, and a blank experiment was performed. The amount of sodium hydroxide standard solution was recorded and finally the hydroxyl content was calculated according to the following formula:
hydroxyl content (mmol/g) = (V) 0 -V 1 )C/m
Wherein, C represents the concentration of sodium hydroxide standard solution, M; v (V) 0 For sodium hydroxide standard solutions corresponding to the representative blank experimentsAn amount, L; v (V) 1 Representing the consumption of a sodium hydroxide standard solution corresponding to a sample, and L; m represents the mass of the sample, g.
Modified wood chip structural characterization
The test is carried out by adopting a specific surface area analyzer, the method is a BET analysis method, nitrogen is used as an interaction substance, physical interaction is carried out with the surface of a solid sample after the specified relative pressure, the pressure difference before and after the interaction is calculated, and finally the specific surface area, the pore diameter, the pore volume distribution and the like are calculated according to a BET formula.
The modified wood chips prepared in example 1, example 3 and example 5 and the activated wood chips in example 1 were subjected to the above test, and the results are shown in table 2:
table 2 structural characterization test results
| Sample of | Total pore volume (cm) 3 /g） | Hydroxyl content (mmol/g) |
| Example 1 | 0.029 | 0.63 |
| Example 3 | 0.027 | 0.69 |
| Example 5 | 0.028 | 0.65 |
| Activated wood chips | 0.027 | 1.48 |
From the data analysis in table 2, it is evident that the total pore volume of the modified wood chips prepared in example 1 is comparable to that of wood chips, indicating that the modified wood chips prepared using the aganese modified wood chips do not negatively affect the pore structure. The modified wood chip prepared in example 1 has a lower surface hydroxyl group content than activated wood chip, mainly because N- (phosphonomethyl) iminodiacetic acid reacts with the hydroxyl groups on the wood chip surface during the esterification and crosslinking reaction, thereby reducing the number of the hydroxyl groups on the wood chip surface.
Test example 2:
exploration of fertilizer production process by kitchen garbage fermentation
Sampling at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15d of fermentation respectively, wherein the sampling method is a multi-point mixed sampling method, and collecting 300g by using a four-way method, and dividing into fresh sample (stored at 4deg.C) and dry sample (air-dried). Measurement of the water content: the sample is dried at 105 ℃ for 24 hours and then measured; the organic matter is measured by adopting a potassium dichromate-external heating method; total Nitrogen (TN) was measured by kjeldahl method; determining fat by an acid hydrolysis method; the N310 azotometer measures crude protein in the sample.
The fermentation processes in example 2, example 8, example 10, example 12 were tested as described above and the results are shown in fig. 3-5. Fig. 3 shows the change of protein content in the fermentation process, and the analysis of the graph shows that the degradation trend of protein in the fermentation process of kitchen garbage is basically consistent, and the overall trend is that the degradation trend is firstly decreased and then increased. The degradation amount of the protein component in the embodiment 2 is better than that of the embodiment 12, which shows that the modified wood chip is prepared by adopting the modified wood chip of the phyllanthine and is used as a carrier material in a kitchen waste fermenting agent to act on kitchen waste, so that the degradation effect of the fermenting agent on the protein in the kitchen waste can be effectively enhanced. Example 8 is better than example 2 and example 10 is better than example 12, indicating that the use of a protective agent comprising a malate modified sucrose derivative to treat the composite bacterial cells and then to act on the kitchen waste further enhances the degradation of the proteins in the kitchen waste by the starter.
FIG. 4 shows the variation of fat content during fermentation, and the analysis of the graph shows that the degradation trend of fat during the fermentation of kitchen garbage is basically consistent. The degradation amount of fat in the embodiment 2 is better than that of the embodiment 12, which shows that the modified wood chip is prepared by adopting the modified wood chip of the phyllanthine and is used as a carrier material in a kitchen waste fermenting agent to act on kitchen waste, so that the degradation effect of the fermenting agent on fat in the kitchen waste can be effectively enhanced. Example 8 is better than example 2 and example 10 is better than example 12, indicating that the use of a protective agent comprising a malate modified sucrose derivative to treat the composite bacterial cells and then to act on the kitchen waste further enhances the degradation of fat in the kitchen waste by the starter.
Fig. 5 shows the total nitrogen content change during fermentation, and analysis of the graph shows that the total nitrogen content in the kitchen waste fermentation process generally shows a tendency of decreasing before increasing in the embodiment of the invention, but the total nitrogen content in the kitchen waste fermentation process in embodiment 12 decreases again in the increasing process.
Further, the loss rates in examples 2, 8, 10, 12 and 14 were calculated according to the test results, and the results are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 results of nitrogen loss rate test
| Sample of | Nitrogen loss rate/% |
| Example 2 | 16.7 |
| Example 8 | 11.4 |
| Example 10 | 14.9 |
| Example 12 | 23.8 |
| Example 14 | 17.6 |
From the data analysis in Table 3, the final nitrogen loss rate in example 2 is obviously lower than that in example 12, which shows that modified wood chips prepared by adopting the modified wood chips of the diglycol are used as carrier materials in kitchen waste ferment, and act on kitchen waste, so that the nitrogen content of the novel fertilizer obtained by fermentation is improved, and the fertilizer efficiency is enhanced. Example 8 is better than example 2, and example 10 is better than example 12, which shows that the protective agent containing the malate modified sucrose derivative is used for treating the composite bacterial cells, and then the protective agent acts on kitchen garbage, so that the nitrogen content of the novel fertilizer is further increased, and the fertilizer efficiency enhancing effect is better.
Test example 3:
characterization of protectant Properties
Investigation of the survival rate of the seed after the Heat treatment
The cell suspensions of each strain prepared in example 1 and example 7 were subjected to a heat treatment by: placing the suspension in a water bath kettle at 45 ℃ for accurately treating for 10min, taking out, rapidly placing in the water bath kettle at 25 ℃ for cooling, centrifuging for 30s, removing the solution, suspending again by double distilled water, diluting by 10 times, inoculating into a solid YPD culture medium, and culturing in a constant temperature incubator at 25 ℃ for 12h. The cells were then removed and placed under a microscope to count the viability (where germinated strain cells were counted as viable cells and single cell morphology as dead cells).
The suspensions prepared in example 1, example 7 and example 13 were subjected to the above test, and the results are shown in table 4:
table 4 survival test results
From the data analysis in table 4, it is known that the cell viability of each strain suspension prepared in example 7 after heat treatment is higher than that of examples 1 and 13, and the effect of example 13 is slightly better than that of example 1, which indicates that the use of the protective agent to treat the bacterial strain can achieve good protective effect and increase the survival rate of the bacterial strain; and the sucrose derivative prepared by modifying sucrose with the malate is added into the protective agent solution, so that the protective effect of the protective agent on the strain can be further enhanced, the acting duration of the strain can be effectively prolonged, and the biological activity of the strain can be enhanced.
The conventional technology in the above embodiments is known to those skilled in the art, and thus is not described in detail herein.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A modified wood chip is prepared from pine wood chip as raw material by activating with sodium hydroxide solution, and modifying with N- (phosphonomethyl) iminodiacetic acid; the preparation method of the modified wood chips comprises the following steps:
soaking pine wood chips in deionized water, washing, drying at 60-70 ℃, crushing by a crusher, sieving with a 60-100 mesh sieve, soaking in deionized water again, magnetically stirring for 10-12 hours, carrying out suction filtration, washing with deionized water, and drying at 60-70 ℃; then adding 0.4-0.6M sodium hydroxide solution, boiling for 1-2 hours, performing activation pretreatment, performing suction filtration, washing with deionized water until filtrate is neutral, and drying at 60-70 ℃ to obtain activated wood chips;
mixing activated wood chips, N- (phosphonomethyl) iminodiacetic acid, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and deionized water, wherein the mass ratio of the activated wood chips to the N- (phosphonomethyl) iminodiacetic acid to the sodium dihydrogen phosphate to the deionized water is 1: 0.17-0.22: 0.1 to 0.2: 9-11, performing ultrasonic oscillation for 20-30 min, boiling for 1-2 h in a pressure cooker at 100 ℃, then drying for 3-5 h at 140-150 ℃, adding deionized water, stirring for 20-30 min, performing suction filtration, washing the filtrate with deionized water until the filtrate is neutral, and drying to constant weight at 65-75 ℃ to obtain modified wood chips;
the hydroxyl content of the modified wood chips is 0.6-0.7 mmol/g.
2. The modified wood chip of claim 1, wherein the modified wood chip has a total pore volume of 0.020 to 0.035cm 3 /g。
3. Use of the modified wood chips of claim 1 as a microorganism immobilization carrier.
4. The use of the modified wood chips of claim 1 in the preparation of a microbial composite agent for the fermentation and degradation of kitchen waste.
5. A kitchen waste ferment comprising: the modified wood chip of claim 1, and a composite bacterial body.
6. The kitchen waste ferment according to claim 5, wherein the composite bacterial body comprises Aspergillus niger, candida lipolytica, azotobacter chroococcus and Bacillus pumilus.
7. A method for producing fertilizer by recycling kitchen waste, comprising the following steps:
s1: draining the collected kitchen garbage to make the water content of the kitchen garbage smaller than 70%, screening out metal and plastic, stirring and cleaning the kitchen garbage with weak base waste liquid, and heating the kitchen garbage for 1-2 hours under the water bath condition of 40-60 ℃;
s2: taking kitchen garbage treated in the step S1, carrying out hydraulic crushing, and then squeezing and screening to obtain water which is weak base waste liquid and can be recycled; the obtained solid is subjected to the next step;
s3: heating the solid obtained in the step S2 at 80-100 ℃ for 0.5-2 hours, cooling to room temperature, adding the kitchen garbage fermenting agent according to the proportion of 20-25 wt% and controlling the fermentation temperature to be 30-50 ℃ for 7-15 d;
s4: and (3) adjusting the concentration of the fermented feed liquid, and then spraying slurry and granulating to form the fertilizer.
8. The method for producing fertilizer by recycling kitchen waste according to claim 7, wherein the pH value of the weak base waste liquid in the step S1 is 8.5-9.5.
9. The method for producing fertilizer by recycling kitchen waste according to claim 7, wherein the ratio of the kitchen waste to the weak base waste liquid in the step S1 is 1g: 8-10 mL.
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