CN116028162A - Mixed virtualization model based on hardware isolation, electronic equipment and vehicle cabin - Google Patents

Mixed virtualization model based on hardware isolation, electronic equipment and vehicle cabin Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116028162A
CN116028162A CN202310042763.1A CN202310042763A CN116028162A CN 116028162 A CN116028162 A CN 116028162A CN 202310042763 A CN202310042763 A CN 202310042763A CN 116028162 A CN116028162 A CN 116028162A
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hypervisor
virtualization
virtualization model
hardware
chip
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赵拯
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Ecarx Hubei Tech Co Ltd
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Ecarx Hubei Tech Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D10/00Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management

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Abstract

The invention provides a hardware isolation-based hybrid virtualization model, electronic equipment and a vehicle cabin. The mixed virtualization model comprises a system-in-chip and is isolated into a first system and a second system by hardware, wherein the first system is an instrument system, and the second system is a Hypervisor main system; the second system runs at least but not limited to two hypervisors subsystems, the first and second systems sharing all external devices connected to the system on chip. The first system and the second system have strong isolation, the safety of the first system and the second system is high, the advantage of the sharing performance of the second system is exerted, the sharing performance of the first system and the second system is also high, the cost problem caused by double backup of hardware is avoided, and the cost is saved.

Description

Mixed virtualization model based on hardware isolation, electronic equipment and vehicle cabin
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of computers, in particular to a hardware isolation-based hybrid virtualization model, electronic equipment and a vehicle cabin.
Background
Currently, with the performance of a nanoscale System On Chip (SOC) becoming higher and higher, a single SOC often causes excessive hardware capability when running a single operating System. To avoid the hardware capability excess of an SOC, multiple systems, i.e., multi-system solutions, may be run in one SOC. In particular, for example, in the field of intelligent cabins, multi-system solutions fully exploit the performance of the SOC and are able to meet the experience of users in different areas within the cabin. The existing multi-system solutions are diverse and each has advantages and disadvantages. For example, lightweight kernel virtualization (LXC) is the weakest in isolation and the best in sharing performance; hypervisor virtualization technology isolation and sharing performance is centered; hardware isolated multisystem solutions are the most isolated and the least shared (lack of open-source device sharing solutions).
To avoid the problems with existing multi-system solutions, some manufacturers have proposed a dual SOC solution under the intelligent cabin, specifically connecting the two SOCs via a high-speed bus. Although the central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, abbreviated as CPU) and peripheral performance of a single SOC are general, the performance weakness can be made up by increasing the number and the problem of device sharing can be solved. While high speed communication is possible between SOCs in a dual SOC solution, the high number of peripheral dual backups necessarily drives up hardware costs, not meeting the initiative of a multi-system solution. And, the problem of device sharing between SOC internal systems is not fundamentally solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, a hardware isolation-based hybrid virtualization model, an electronic device, and an on-board cockpit have been proposed that overcome or at least partially address the above.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a first system and a second system of a hybrid virtualization model with high security and sharing performance and saving hardware costs.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hardware isolation-based hybrid virtualization model, including:
the system-in-chip is isolated into a first system and a second system by hardware, wherein the first system is an instrument system, and the second system is a Hypervisor main system;
the second system runs at least but not limited to two Hypervisor subsystems, and the first system and the second system share all external devices connected to the system-on-chip.
Optionally, the first system and the second system are both directly connected with an external device connected with the system-in-chip;
the second system pass-through external device may be configured to be shared among the hypervisors subsystem or pass-through to the hypervisors subsystem for a second time.
Optionally, the first system and the second system share a certain specified external device connected to the system-on-chip;
the front-end virtualization driver of the first system interfaces with the back-end virtual equipment of the second system, and shares the same back-end virtual equipment with the Hypervisor subsystem of the second system;
the second system has the compatibility of the back-end virtual equipment of the mixed virtualization model, and can be used for butting front-end virtualization drivers of different virtualization types.
Optionally, the first system has system isolation security, and the second system has system sharing performance.
Optionally, the meter system is configured to create a virtual sound card device through a front-end virtualization driver, and write meter audio data inside the virtual sound card device into the virtual sound card device;
the Hypervisor main system is configured to write sub-audio data in the Hypervisor subsystem into a physical sound card device through an audio back-end program, read meter audio data in the virtual sound card device, and mix the meter audio data with the sub-audio data.
Optionally, the Hypervisor main system is further configured to display sub-pictures of the two Hypervisor subsystems to sub-screens respectively connected with the two Hypervisor subsystems after the Hypervisor main system is started.
Optionally, the meter system is further configured to display a meter screen to a meter screen connected to the meter system after the start-up.
Optionally, the two hypervisors subsystem are a hollow system and a game system, respectively.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided an electronic device including the hardware isolation-based hybrid virtualization model as described in any one of the above.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, the present invention further provides a vehicle cabin, including the electronic device described above.
In the hardware isolation-based hybrid virtualization model, a system-in-chip is isolated into a first system and a second system by hardware, wherein the first system can be an instrument system, and the second system can be a Hypervisor main system; the second system runs at least but not limited to two Hypervisor subsystems, the first system and the second system share all external equipment connected with the system-level chip, the first system has strong isolation, the second system has strong system sharing performance, the safety of the first system and the second system is high, the sharing performance advantage of the second system is fully exerted, the cost problem caused by double hardware backup is avoided, and the cost is saved. The external devices may include external storage devices, display devices, input devices, and the like.
Furthermore, the first system and the second system can be directly connected with the external equipment connected with the system-level chip, so that the communication efficiency between the first system and the second system and the external equipment is improved, and the use experience of a user is improved. The Hypervisor subsystem can share the direct external equipment of the second system, and can also be directly connected with the direct external equipment of the second system, so that the communication efficiency of the Hypervisor subsystem and the external equipment is improved, the cost problem caused by double hardware backup can be reduced, and the cost is saved.
The above, as well as additional objectives, advantages, and features of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of a specific embodiment of the present invention when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hardware isolation based hybrid virtualization model according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic architecture diagram of a hardware isolation based hybrid virtualization model according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of audio virtualization of a hybrid virtualization model, according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to one embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle cabin according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hardware isolation based hybrid virtualization model 100, according to one embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 1, a hardware isolation-based hybrid virtualization model 100 may include a System On Chip (SOC) for short. The system-in-chip hardware is isolated into a first system 102 and a second system 104, wherein the first system 102 can be an instrument system and the second system 104 can be a Hypervisor host system; the second system 104 runs at least but not limited to two hypervisors subsystems 103, the first system 102 and the second system 104 sharing all external devices connected to the system-on-chip.
In this embodiment, the system-on-chip hardware is isolated into a first system 102 and a second system 104, where the first system 102 may be an instrumentation system and the second system 104 may be a Hypervisor host system; the second system 104 operates at least but not limited to two hypervisors 103, the first system 102 and the second system 104 share all external devices connected with the system-in-chip, the first system 102 has strong isolation, the second system 104 has strong system sharing performance, the security of the first system 102 and the second system 104 is high, the advantage of the sharing performance of the second system 104 is fully exerted, the cost problem caused by hardware double backup is avoided, and the cost is saved. The external devices may include external storage devices, display devices, input devices, and the like. In addition, the second system 104 runs at least, but not limited to, two Hypervisor subsystems 103, for example, 3, 4, or more Hypervisor subsystems 103 may also be run. Two hypervisors subsystems 103 may be considered a first hypervisors subsystem and a second hypervisors subsystem, respectively, and other hypervisors subsystems 103 may be named in this mode with such a push line.
In one embodiment of the invention, both the first system 102 and the second system 104 may be through-connected to external devices on the system-on-chip;
the external devices through which the second system 104 passes may be configured to be shared among the hypervisors subsystem 103 or pass through to the hypervisors subsystem 103 a second time.
In this embodiment, the first system 102 and the second system 104 may be directly connected to the external device connected to the system-on-chip, so that communication efficiency between the first system 102 and the second system 104 and the external device is improved, and use experience of a user is improved. The Hypervisor subsystem 103 can share the external equipment through which the second system 104 is directly connected, and the Hypervisor subsystem 103 can also directly connect the external equipment through which the second system 104 is directly connected, so that the communication efficiency of the Hypervisor subsystem 103 and the external equipment is improved, the cost problem caused by hardware double backup can be reduced, and the cost is saved.
In one embodiment of the invention, the first system 102 and the second system 104 may share some designated external device to which the system-on-chip is connected;
the front-end virtualization driver of the first system 102 interfaces with the back-end virtual device of the second system 104, sharing the same back-end virtual device with the Hypervisor subsystem 103 of the second system 104;
the second system 104 has a back-end virtual device compatibility of the hybrid virtualization model 100, and can interface with front-end virtualization drivers of different virtualization types.
In this embodiment, the first system 102 and the second system 104 may share a specific external device, such as an external storage device or an input device, connected by a system-on-chip, so as to achieve targeted sharing. In addition, the front-end virtualization driver of the first system 102 interfaces with the back-end virtual device of the second system 104, and shares the same back-end virtual device with the Hypervisor subsystem 103 of the second system 104, and the second system 104 has the back-end virtual device compatibility of the hybrid virtualization model 100, and can interface with front-end virtualization drivers of different virtualization types, so that the front-end virtualization driver of the first system 102 and the back-end virtual device of the second system 104 have strong compatibility, which is beneficial to the virtualized interaction between the first system 102 and the second system 104, for example, is beneficial to the mixing between the first system 102 and the second system 104.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the first system 102 is provided with system isolation security and the second system 104 is provided with system sharing capabilities.
In this embodiment, the first system 102 has strong system isolation security, the second system 104 has strong system sharing performance, the hybrid virtualization model 100 of this embodiment has high security, and the advantage of sharing performance of the second system 104 is fully exerted, so that the cost problem caused by hardware dual backup is avoided.
In one embodiment of the invention, the meter system is configured to create a virtual sound card device through a front-end virtualization driver, and write meter audio data inside the virtual sound card device into the virtual sound card device;
the Hypervisor host system is configured to write sub-audio data in the Hypervisor subsystem 103 to the physical sound card device through the audio back-end program, and read meter audio data in the virtual sound card device, and mix the meter audio data and the sub-audio data.
In this embodiment, because the security of the hybrid virtualization model 100 is high, the audio mixing method of this embodiment can obtain high-quality audio mixing data, and improve the user experience.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the Hypervisor main system is further configured to display sub-frames of the two hypervisors 103 to sub-screens respectively connected to the two hypervisors 103 after the startup.
In this embodiment, the Hypervisor main system is further configured to display sub-frames of the two Hypervisor subsystems 103 to sub-screens respectively connected to the two Hypervisor subsystems 103 after the startup, so that initial frame and sound display of the two Hypervisor subsystems 103 can be completed before the mixing is implemented, and the user experience is improved.
In one embodiment of the invention, the meter system is further configured to display a meter screen to a meter screen connected to the meter system after the start-up.
In this embodiment, the instrument system is further configured to display the instrument screen connected to the instrument system after the instrument system is started, so that the initial screen and sound display of the instrument system can be completed before the mixing is realized, and the use experience of the user is improved.
In one embodiment of the invention, the two hypervisors subsystems 103 may be hollow systems and gaming systems, respectively.
In this embodiment, the two hypervisors 103 may be a hollow system and a game system, respectively, or may be other types of systems.
FIG. 2 is a schematic architecture diagram of a hardware isolation based hybrid virtualization model according to another embodiment of the present invention; fig. 3 is a flow chart of a method of audio virtualization of a hybrid virtualization model, according to one embodiment of the present invention. The audio virtualization of the hardware-based hybrid virtualization model 100 of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with fig. 2 and 3. The example is applicable to the scene of sharing requirements of high-power SOC and peripheral equipment by using hardware isolation, and is particularly applicable to the field of intelligent cabins. There may be multiple cores in the SOC.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the SOC is isolated into a first system 102 (meter system) and a second system 104 by means of hardware isolation, and the second system 104 may be a Hypervisor host system. The second system 104 may have two subsystems running therein, such as two hypervisors subsystems 103. The two hypervisors subsystems 103 may be a gaming system and a central control system, respectively. Wherein, the instrument system can be called as Domu D system for short, and has a corresponding kernel (kernel 1); the Hypervisor host system may be simply referred to as the Domu 0 system, with a corresponding kernel (kernel 2); the game system may be simply called a Domu Ux system, with a corresponding kernel (kernel 3); the central control system may be simply called a Domu Uy system, with a corresponding kernel (kernel 4). The kernel (kernel 2) of the Hypervisor main system, the kernel (kernel 3) of the game system, and the kernel (kernel 4) of the central control system may adopt Xen virtualization technology, and specifically, the Xen virtualization technology may implement functions such as a virtual Memory Manager (MMU) and a Virtual Central Processing (VCPU). The Hardware of the instrumentation system (Hardware) may include GPU0 and CPU, etc. The Hardware (Hardware) of the Hypervisor host system may include SND, GPU1, DIS, CPU, BLK, and the like. The SOC may employ Double Data Rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR). DDR may partition reserved memory (reserved memory) and system memory (system memory). The virtualization type of the instrumentation system may be type3. The virtualization type of the Hypervisor host system may be type1. In fig. 2, an arrow (1) represents an audio data stream (audio data stream) of type3, an arrow (2) represents an audio data stream (audio data stream) of type1, an arrow (3) represents an image data stream (graphics data flow), and an arrow (4) represents a physical data stream (physical data flow). When the vehicle-mounted cabin is started, domain image files of the Hypervisor main system and the instrument system can be loaded, and the Hypervisor main system and the instrument system are started.
Taking the audio-video virtualization example of the hybrid virtualization model 100, the audio-video virtualization process may include:
step S21: and initializing the type3 kernel mode back-end program and the type1 user mode back-end program of the Hypervisor main system. After the initialization is finished, the central control system can be started, and an AudioFinger service, a surface eFinger service and a weston service on the central control system are operated to display the picture of the central control system on a central control screen. The gaming system and Xorg service may also be started, displaying the game screen with a picture of the gaming system.
Step S22: the hardware isolated instrumentation system initializes the type3 front-end audio driver, creating a virtual sound card device for the instrumentation system. After creating the virtual sound card device of the instrumentation system, the weston service of the instrumentation system may be started, and the screen of the instrumentation system may be displayed on the corresponding instrumentation screen or the lift-off screen.
Step S23: the Pulse Audio service in the instrument system is started, and the Pulse Audio service writes the Audio data of the instrument system into a virtual sound card created by the type3 front-end driver. The Pulse Audio service is mainly responsible for the Audio mixing function inside the meter system.
Step S24: the audio backend program (qemu) of the Hypervisor host system parses the audio data of the central control system or game system.
Step S25: the audio backend program (qemu) of the Hypervisor host system writes the audio data of the central control system or the game system into the physical Sound card device (Sound driver).
Step S26: the type3 audio backend program of the Hypervisor host system parses the audio data of the instrumentation system.
Step S27: the physical sound card of the Hypervisor main system drives and processes the audio data received by the rear end of the type1 and the rear end of the type3, and the cross-system sound mixing function of the mixed virtualization model 100 is realized.
The steps ensure the safety of the instrument system and the sharing performance advantage of the Hypervisor main system while realizing the cross-system audio mixing function of the hybrid virtual model 100, and have remarkable progress.
In some other embodiments of the invention, the system on chip 101 may comprise a physical device;
the physical device may be disposed at the second system 104;
the first system 102 is communicatively coupled to a physical device.
In this embodiment, the physical device is disposed in the second system 104, so that the sharing performance advantage of the second system 104 can be fully exerted, and the first system 102 can more easily communicate with the physical device and can more easily access the physical device. The physical devices may generally include sound cards, network cards, and the like.
In some other embodiments of the present invention, the virtualization technique of the first system 102 may be implemented based on Reserved Memory and RpMsg (Remote Processor Messaging ) techniques.
In this embodiment, the virtualization technology of the first system 102 may be implemented based on the Reserved Memory and RpMsg technologies, and the virtualization technology and the isolation mode adopted by the system-in-chip 101 are suitable for having very high adaptability, which is beneficial to improving the security and stability of the first system 102.
In some other embodiments of the present invention, the central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU) of the first system 102 and the Central Processing Unit (CPU) of the second system 104 are scheduled independently of each other.
In this embodiment, the schedules of the central processor of the first system 102 and the central processor of the second system 104 are independent of each other, which can be understood as that the schedules of the CPUs in hardware isolation are independent of each other, and in the process of performing the virtualization interaction, the two-level schedule of the central processor of the second system 104 and the virtual central processor is not required, and the switching between the client and the host is also not required, so that the method has high operation efficiency.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 4, the present invention also provides an electronic device 300 based on the same concept. The electronic device 300 may include the hardware isolation-based hybrid virtualization model 100 of any of the embodiments described above.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle cabin according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 5, the present invention also provides a vehicle cabin 400 based on the same concept. The in-vehicle cabin 400 may include the electronics described above.
The above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily, and according to any one of the above preferred embodiments or a combination of a plurality of preferred embodiments, the following beneficial effects can be achieved according to the embodiments of the present invention:
the system-in-chip hardware is isolated into a first system 102 and a second system 104, wherein the first system 102 can be an instrument system and the second system 104 can be a Hypervisor host system; the second system 104 operates at least but not limited to two hypervisors 103, the first system 102 and the second system 104 share all external devices connected with the system-in-chip, the first system 102 has strong isolation, the second system 104 has strong system sharing performance, the security of the first system 102 and the second system 104 is high, the advantage of the sharing performance of the second system 104 is fully exerted, the cost problem caused by hardware double backup is avoided, and the cost is saved. The external devices may include external storage devices, display devices, input devices, and the like.
By now it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that while a number of exemplary embodiments of the invention have been shown and described herein in detail, many other variations or modifications of the invention consistent with the principles of the invention may be directly ascertained or inferred from the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should be understood and deemed to cover all such other variations or modifications.

Claims (10)

1. A hardware isolation based hybrid virtualization model, comprising:
the system-in-chip is isolated into a first system and a second system by hardware, wherein the first system is an instrument system, and the second system is a Hypervisor main system;
the second system runs at least but not limited to two Hypervisor subsystems, and the first system and the second system share all external devices connected to the system-on-chip.
2. The hybrid virtualization model as recited in claim 1,
the first system and the second system are both directly connected with external equipment connected with the system-in-chip;
the second system pass-through external device may be configured to be shared among the hypervisors subsystem or pass-through to the hypervisors subsystem for a second time.
3. The hybrid virtualization model as recited in claim 1,
the first system and the second system share a certain appointed external device connected with the system-in-chip;
the front-end virtualization driver of the first system interfaces with the back-end virtual equipment of the second system, and shares the same back-end virtual equipment with the Hypervisor subsystem of the second system;
the second system has the compatibility of the back-end virtual equipment of the mixed virtualization model, and can be used for butting front-end virtualization drivers of different virtualization types.
4. The hybrid virtualization model as recited in claim 1,
the first system has system isolation security, and the second system has system sharing performance.
5. The hybrid virtualization model as recited in claim 1,
the instrument system is configured to create virtual sound card equipment through a front-end virtualization driver, and write instrument audio data in the virtual sound card equipment into the virtual sound card equipment;
the Hypervisor main system is configured to write sub-audio data in the Hypervisor subsystem into a physical sound card device through an audio back-end program, read meter audio data in the virtual sound card device, and mix the meter audio data with the sub-audio data.
6. The hybrid virtualization model as recited in claim 1,
the Hypervisor main system is further configured to display sub-pictures of the two Hypervisor sub-systems to sub-screens respectively connected with the two Hypervisor sub-systems after the starting.
7. The hybrid virtualization model as recited in claim 1,
the meter system is further configured to display a meter screen to a meter screen connected to the meter system upon startup.
8. The hybrid virtualization model as recited in claim 1,
the two hypervisors are respectively a hollow system and a game system.
9. An electronic device comprising the hardware isolation-based hybrid virtualization model of any one of claims 1-8.
10. A vehicle cabin comprising the electronic device of claim 9.
CN202310042763.1A 2023-01-28 2023-01-28 Mixed virtualization model based on hardware isolation, electronic equipment and vehicle cabin Pending CN116028162A (en)

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