CN116016429A - Website access method and system in website IPv6 transformation process - Google Patents
Website access method and system in website IPv6 transformation process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a website access method and a system in the process of modifying IPv6 of a website, wherein the system comprises an address pool and a protocol conversion device, and the address pool is in communication connection with the protocol conversion device; and the user accesses the IPv4 website through the protocol conversion device. The invention realizes the purpose of parallel IPv6 upgrading by a plurality of websites flexibly using a plurality of operator address spaces through a plurality of different network outlets through the target address conversion, the virtual address, the reverse proxy and the strategy combination of source, source and source, and normal access of users to IPv4 websites through routes provided by different operators in the process of modifying the websites IPv 6.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of networks, in particular to a website access method and a system in the process of modifying IPv6 of a website.
Background
The thorough upgrade of the website IPv6 is a long-term and complex process, which comprises network, server, security and other infrastructures, application systems, support systems and other transformation contents, wherein the most complex is that the logic of the website business application codes needs to be re-carded. Because the website IPv6 is thoroughly transformed, the problems of long period, high cost, high risk and the like are solved, and therefore, the website IPv6 is upgraded by adopting a network transition technology in all units.
IPv4 and IPv6 are mutually incompatible network layer protocols, and transition from IPv4 to IPv6 is imperative due to exhaustion of IPv4 addresses and advancement of IPv 6. The IPv6 transition technology refers to a technology capable of ensuring coexistence and intercommunication of networks, applications, terminals and the like of IPv4 and IPv6 in the process of upgrading IPv4 to IPv 6. The transition from IPv4 to IPv6 is not one-time, but is realized gradually through the upgrading development of technology on the basis that the normal operation of a network system and the service bearing capacity are not affected. The IPv4-IPv6 reverse proxy technology is a mainstream website IPv6 upgrading technology at present, and the basic implementation mode is to deploy a reverse proxy device between an IPv6 user and an IPv4 website so as to realize that the website supports the access of the IPv6 user.
The traditional realization of the IPv6 upgrading of the website through the reverse proxy has a certain limitation, the IPv4 website is generally proxied by adopting the IPv6 address of the server interface, and a single network outlet mode is generally adopted, so that the realization of application scenes such as the parallel upgrading of multiple websites, the release of access control, the conversion of single websites and the release of IPv6 addresses of multiple operators is complicated and difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a website access method and a system in the website IPv6 transformation process, which realize the purpose that a plurality of websites flexibly use a plurality of operator address spaces to upgrade the parallel I Pv6 through a plurality of different network outlets by the strategy combination of target address conversion, virtual addresses, reverse proxy and source input and output, and also realize the normal access of users to the I Pv4 website through routes provided by different operators in the website I Pv6 transformation process.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a website access method in the transformation process of a website I Pv6 comprises the following steps:
s1) randomly selecting an I Pv6 address from an address pool of the upgrade conversion of the website I Pv6 as an I Pv6 address issued when the website I Pv6 agent is upgraded, wherein the address pool of the upgrade conversion of the website I Pv6 is any I Pv6 service address space which is routed to a protocol conversion device by multiple operators;
s2) carrying out target address mapping on the I Pv6 address selected in the step S1) and a monitoring address of a protocol conversion device, wherein the monitoring address of the protocol conversion device is the I Pv6ULA address configured by a LOOPBACK virtual network card of the protocol conversion device, a target server of an agent of the protocol conversion device is an I Pv4 website, and an access source address obtained by tracing by the protocol conversion device is a real I Pv6 address of a user; the I Pv6ULA is a private address of the I Pv6, and can only be used in an intranet, and the address is not routed on the I Pv6 public network, so that the address cannot directly access the public network;
s3) establishing a mapping relation between an I Pv4 website domain name and an I Pv6ULA address which are proxied by the protocol conversion device, and locking an independent translation conversion rule by accurately configuring target conversion addresses/ports before and after conversion, wherein the I Pv6ULA address is randomly generated on an LOOPBACK virtual network card;
s4) the web site returns response data via the user access request route.
In step S1), the I Pv6 service address spaces of different operators are routed to different and interconnected interface addresses of the protocol switching means.
In the above method, in step S2), the I Pv6 address selected in step S1) is used as the target address before conversion, the I Pv6 address is subjected to target address conversion, and the target address after conversion is the I Pv6ULA address monitored by the protocol conversion device.
In step S3), when a website conversion rule is newly added, an I Pv6ULA address with a 128-bit prefix is randomly generated on the looback, a reverse proxy service that the I Pv6ULA address is only applied to a specified website domain name is specified, and a website publishing port is controlled by configuring a conversion target address and a port.
In the above method, in step S1), the number of distribution addresses belonging to different operators that can be added by the same website is greater than or equal to 2.
In the above method, in step S3), when a plurality of websites issue the I Pv6 addresses in parallel, a corresponding number of random I Pv6ULA addresses are generated on the looback, each I Pv6ULA address corresponds to one website, a target address mapping is established with the issued I Pv6 addresses one by one, and a reverse proxy relationship is established with website domain names one by one.
The method further comprises the steps of:
s5) realizing one-key start-stop website translation service by deleting and re-adding the target address translation rule.
The system for accessing the I Pv4 website by utilizing the website access method in the transformation process of the website I Pv6 comprises the following steps:
the address pool is used for randomly selecting one I Pv6 address as the I Pv6 address released when the website I Pv6 agent is upgraded when the website I Pv6 is converted and upgraded, wherein the address pool for upgrading and converting the website I Pv6 is any I Pv6 service address space which is routed to the protocol conversion device by multiple operators;
protocol conversion means for providing a reverse proxy service; the protocol conversion device comprises a target address conversion module, a translation conversion module and an LOOPBACK virtual network card, wherein the target address conversion module is used for carrying out target address mapping on a selected I Pv6 address and a reverse proxy device monitoring address, the translation conversion module is used for establishing a mapping relation between a proxy domain name and an I Pv6ULA address, and the LOOPBACK virtual network card is used for configuring the I Pv6ULA address;
the address pool is in communication connection with the protocol conversion device; and the user accesses the IPv4 website through the protocol conversion device.
In the system, the I Pv6 service address spaces of different operators are routed to different and interconnected interface addresses of the protocol exchange device.
According to the system, the number of the release addresses belonging to different operators, which can be added by the same website, is more than or equal to 2.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention comprehensively applies the combination method of NAT66 target address conversion, virtual address, reverse proxy, source-in-source-out routing strategy, realizes the purpose of parallel I Pv6 upgrade by a plurality of operator address spaces through a plurality of different network outlets, can effectively control the release strategy and realize one-key quick start-stop translation service, has clearer configuration, more convenient operation, more convenient management, more accurate tracing, more flexible use and more practical scene. The method is more suitable for operation type website I Pv6 translation conversion cloud service or large enterprise network multi-website parallel I Pv6 translation upgrading service, and can fully utilize I Pv6 massive address space to provide different service addresses for different applications.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a website access system in the process of modifying website I Pv6 in the invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of the I Pv4 website access in the process of implementing the transformation of the website I Pv6 in the invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the routing relationship between the I Pv6 service address space and the interconnect interface address issued by the I Pv4 website when the I Pv6 agent is upgraded;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a protocol conversion device performing target address conversion;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating the mapping relationship between the published address, port and domain name information;
fig. 6 is a source-source presentation view of a request and return packet when a user accesses an I Pv4 website through a protocol conversion device.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a system for performing I Pv4 website access by using the website access method in the transformation process of the website I Pv6 comprises an address pool and a protocol conversion device, wherein the address pool is in communication connection with the protocol conversion device; and the user accesses the IPv4 website through the protocol conversion device. In this embodiment, the address pool is used for randomly selecting an I Pv6 address as an I Pv6 address issued when the I Pv6 proxy of the website is upgraded when the I Pv6 conversion of the website is upgraded, where the address pool of the I Pv6 upgrade conversion of the website is any I Pv6 service address space routed to the protocol conversion device by multiple operators; protocol conversion means for providing a reverse proxy service; the protocol conversion device comprises a target address conversion module, a translation conversion module and an LOOPBACK virtual network card, wherein the target address conversion module is used for carrying out target address mapping on a selected I Pv6 address and a reverse proxy device monitoring address, the translation conversion module is used for establishing a mapping relation between a proxy domain name and an I Pv6ULA address, and the LOOPBACK virtual network card is used for configuring the I Pv6ULA address.
As shown in fig. 2, when a user accesses an I Pv4 website by using the system, an access path should be constructed first, and then the I Pv4 website is accessed through the path, which specifically includes the following steps:
s1) randomly selecting an I Pv6 address from an address pool of the upgrade conversion of the website I Pv6 as the I Pv6 address issued when the website I Pv6 agent is upgraded, wherein the address pool of the upgrade conversion of the website I Pv6 is any I Pv6 service address space which is routed to a protocol conversion device by multiple operators.
As shown in fig. 3, the multi-operator I Pv6 service address space (e.g.,/64,/96) is routed to a plurality of different and interconnected interface addresses of the protocol exchange device, and any one or more I Pv6 GUA addresses belonging to different operators can be randomly selected from the I Pv6 service address space as the post-upgrading and converting issue address of the website I Pv6, i.e., the I Pv6 address pointed by the domain name AAAA record. When the traditional ngi nx reverse proxy mode is used for converting an I Pv4 website into an I Pv6 website, the website I Pv6 release address usually adopts a network card interface address, but cannot flexibly specify an address space, and certain limitation is provided. Wherein, GUA address-global unicast address is equivalent to public network address in IPV4. Can be routed by operators and interworks in the whole network.
S2) mapping the IPv6 address selected in the step S1) with the monitoring address of the protocol conversion device, wherein the monitoring address of the protocol conversion device is the IPv6ULA address configured by the LOOPBACK virtual network card of the protocol conversion device, the target server of the proxy of the protocol conversion device is an IPv4 website, and the access source address obtained by tracing by the protocol conversion device is the real IPv6 address of the user.
As shown in fig. 4, using the NAT66 target address translation technology, one or more IPv6 published addresses randomly selected in the IPv6 service address space are used as target addresses before translation, and target address translation is performed, where the translated target addresses are IPv6ULA addresses monitored by reverse proxy services of the ngininx proxy service module in the protocol translation device, and the protocol supported by the website before reverse proxy of the ngininx proxy service module is IPv4, where the address used by the reverse proxy services monitoring of the ngginx proxy service module is an IPv6ULA address configured by a virtual network card of the protocol translation device. Through the NAT66+ reverse proxy method, the IPv4 website is converted, upgraded and released to random addresses in different operator address spaces. Because only the target address conversion is adopted, the source address and the port which are actually accessed by the client are not converted, the Nginx proxy service module can record the real IP address and the port information which are accessed by the client, and is convenient for tracing and auditing.
Configuration example:
ip6tables-t nat-A pre-routing-d 2408:: A-p tcp-m tcp-dport 80-j DNAT-to [ FC01:: A ]:80// redirect the 80 port of the address 2408:: A of the target address A operator to the 80 port of the Nginx snoop address FC01:: A.
ip6tables-t nat-A pre-routing-d 2409:: A-p tcp-m tcp-dport 80-j DNAT-to [ FC01:: B ]:80// redirect the 80 port of the address 2409:: A of the carrier with the target address B to the 80 port of the Nginx listening address FC01:: B.
S3) establishing a mapping relation between the IPv4 website domain name and the IPv6ULA address which are proxied by the protocol conversion device, and locking an independent translation conversion rule by accurately configuring the target conversion addresses/ports before and after conversion, wherein the IPv6ULA address is randomly generated on the LOOPBACK virtual network card.
In order to ensure that the IPv6 release address and port only serve for designating the conversion upgrading of a website, the corresponding relation between the address, the port and the domain name is accurately controlled, the situations that the safety management and the tracing are influenced due to the fact that the release address or the port is shared by a plurality of domain names are avoided, when a website conversion rule is added, the IPv6ULA address with a 128-bit prefix is randomly generated on the LOOPBACK, the IPv6ULA address is designated to be only applied to the reverse proxy service of an Nginx proxy service module designating the domain name of the website, and the website release port is controlled by configuring the NAT66 conversion target address and the port. Namely, a website IPv6 conversion rule is configured, and the one-to-one correspondence of the release address, the port and the domain name information is ensured in a mode shown in fig. 5.
Adding conversion rule configuration input information:
in fig. 5, domain name AAAA record: addresses are issued to IPv6 applications, multiple record values can be added, and addresses are issued to different operators.
IPv6 published address and port: that is, a unique GUA address and an applied service port are randomly selected in the routed address space, which are used as a target address and a port before NAT66 conversion, generally 80 or 443 is used as a port, when the http protocol is used by the website, 80 is used as a default port, 443 is used as a default port when the HTTPS protocol is used by the website, other ports can be customized, and a plurality of release addresses belonging to different operators can be added to the same website.
Intermediate address (NGINX proxy service module issue address): an IPv6ULA address is randomly generated on the LOOPBACK as an intermediate address (reverse proxy address), a designated website domain name is allocated with a designated IPv6ULA address, the address is used as a target address after NAT66 conversion, and meanwhile, the address is used as a reverse proxy monitoring address of the website conversion rule. When multiple websites issue IPv6 in parallel, multiple random IPv6ULA addresses are generated on the LOOPBACK, each IPv6ULA corresponds to one website, target address mapping is built with the IPv6 issue addresses one by one, and reverse proxy relations are built with website domain names one by one.
Proxy domain name: each domain name binds one NGINX reverse proxy service and specifies a unique IPv6ULA service address.
S4) the web site returns response data via the user access request route.
In order to ensure that an IPv4 website upgraded by using the same protocol conversion device supports to release IPv6 addresses of a plurality of different operators, namely the same domain name is provided with a plurality of different AAAA records, each AAAA record is an address randomly selected in an IPv6 service address space of the different operators, and the subnet where the address is located is already assigned with a route by upper-layer equipment, in order to ensure the accuracy of the outbound route of the translation device, the invention adopts a source-in-source-out routing strategy, as shown in figure 6, ensures that different users access incoming requests through different intercommunication interfaces, can accurately return data packets through the original incoming route, and further achieves the purposes of releasing a plurality of different operator addresses for the same website by using the same conversion device, correctly routing and accessing the destination website, and can not cause access failure problem caused by inconsistent inbound-outbound route.
Adding a routing table alias:
echo"102isp2">>/etc/iproute2/rt_tables
echo"103isp3">>/etc/iproute2/rt_tables
configuring a newly added routing table for responding to different interfaces:
ip-6 route add default via FD00::2 dev ens34:02 table isp3
ip-6 route add default via FD01: 2 dev ens33:01 table isp2//// configuration
Adding an original path return rule to enable data from different interfaces to be forwarded through different routing tables:
ip-6 rule add from FD00::1 table isp2
ip-6 rule add from FD01::1 table isp3
s5) realizing one-key start-stop website translation service by deleting and re-adding the target address translation rule.
By deleting the target address conversion rule, the purpose of suspending the website translation service by one key can be achieved, and when the website translation service needs to be restored, the target address conversion rule only needs to be added again, and any rule in the website reverse proxy service does not need to be modified. The aim of realizing one-key start and stop of the website conversion service is achieved by controlling the rules of the network layer conversion plane.
When upgrading and reforming an IPv4 website, randomly selecting an IPv6 address from any IPv6 service address space which is routed to a protocol conversion device by a plurality of operators as an IPv6 address issued when upgrading a website IPv6 proxy, then carrying out target address conversion on the selected IPv6 address and a monitoring address of the protocol conversion device, establishing a mapping relation between an IPv4 website domain name and an IPv6ULA address which are proxied by the protocol conversion device, locking an independent translation conversion rule by accurately configuring target conversion addresses/ports before and after conversion, forming a route which can access the IPv website, initiating a request for accessing the IPv4 website by a user through the route, and feeding back a corresponding data packet by the route of the request sent by the user by the IPv4 website, thereby realizing the routing policy of source and source.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. While the obvious variations or modifications which are extended therefrom remain within the scope of the claims of this patent application.
Claims (10)
1. A website access method in the process of modifying the IPv6 website is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1) randomly selecting an IPv6 address from an address pool of the IPv6 upgrade conversion of a website as an IPv6 address published when the IPv6 proxy of the website is upgraded, wherein the address pool of the IPv6 upgrade conversion of the website is any IPv6 service address space which is routed to a protocol conversion device by multiple operators;
s2) mapping the IPv6 address selected in the step S1) with a monitoring address of a protocol conversion device, wherein the monitoring address of the protocol conversion device is an IPv6ULA address configured by a LOOPBACK virtual network card of the protocol conversion device, a target server of an agent of the protocol conversion device is an IPv4 website, and an access source address obtained by tracing by the protocol conversion device is a real IPv6 address of a user;
s3) establishing a mapping relation between an IPv4 website domain name and an IPv6ULA address which are proxied by the protocol conversion device, and locking an independent translation conversion rule by accurately configuring target conversion addresses/ports before and after conversion, wherein the IPv6ULA address is randomly generated on an LOOPBACK virtual network card;
s4) the web site returns response data via the user access request route.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in step S1) the IPv6 traffic address spaces of different operators are routed onto different and interconnected interface addresses of the protocol switching means.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2), the IPv6 address selected in step S1) is used as a target address before the conversion, the IPv6 address is subjected to target address conversion, and the converted target address is an IPv6ULA address monitored by the protocol conversion device.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein in step S3), each time a web site translation rule is newly added, an IPv6ULA address with a 128-bit prefix is randomly generated on the lock, and the IPv6ULA address is specified to be uniquely applied to a reverse proxy service specifying a web site domain name, and the web site publishing port is controlled by configuring the translation destination address plus port.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1), the number of distribution addresses belonging to different operators that can be added by the same website is greater than or equal to 2.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3), when a plurality of websites issue IPv6 addresses in parallel, a corresponding number of random IPv6ULA addresses are generated on the looback, each IPv6ULA address corresponds to one website, a target address mapping is established with the issued IPv6 addresses one by one, and a reverse proxy relationship is established with website domain names one by one.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising:
s5) realizing one-key start-stop website translation service by deleting and re-adding the target address translation rule.
8. A system for performing IPv4 website access using the website access method in the website IPv6 transformation process of claim 1, comprising:
the address pool is used for randomly selecting an IPv6 address as an IPv6 address published when the IPv6 proxy of the website is upgraded when the IPv6 of the website is converted, wherein the address pool converted by the IPv6 upgrade of the website is any IPv6 service address space which is routed to the protocol conversion device by multiple operators;
protocol conversion means for providing a reverse proxy service; the protocol conversion device comprises a target address conversion module, a translation conversion module and an LOOPBACK virtual network card, wherein the target address conversion module is used for carrying out target address mapping on a selected IPv6 address and a reverse proxy device monitoring address, the translation conversion module is used for establishing a mapping relation between a proxy domain name and an IPv6ULA address, and the LOOPBACK virtual network card is used for configuring the IPv6ULA address;
the address pool is in communication connection with the protocol conversion device; and the user accesses the IPv4 website through the protocol conversion device.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein IPv6 traffic address spaces for different operators are routed to different and interconnected interface addresses of the protocol switching means.
10. The system of claim 8, wherein the number of distribution addresses assignable to the same web site and attributed to different operators is greater than or equal to 2.
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