CN115938373A - Audio transmission coding and decoding processing method and system for manned aircraft and ground station - Google Patents
Audio transmission coding and decoding processing method and system for manned aircraft and ground station Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of signal processing, and discloses a method and a system for audio transmission, coding and decoding processing of a manned aircraft and a ground station, wherein an audio sending end and an audio receiving end are established, and the audio sending end sends out a signal and codes the signal to obtain a coded signal; transmitting the encoded signal to an audio receiving end via a signal transmission channel; and decoding the coded signal by the audio receiving end to obtain a processed signal. According to the invention, the audio sending end and the audio receiving end are established and are respectively arranged in the aircraft and the ground station, the signal transmission channel is established based on the audio sending end and the audio receiving end and is used for collecting sound and video screens, the sound and video screens are transmitted to the audio receiving end in the ground station through the wireless transmission module, the audio receiving end decodes the coded signals to obtain processed signals, the audio signal transmission can be conveniently and rapidly carried out, and thus the problems that the audio coding and decoding process is more complicated, and the signal transmission is too tedious and disordered are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of signal processing, and particularly relates to a method and a system for processing audio transmission coding and decoding of a manned aircraft and a ground station.
Background
Manned vehicles require audio communication with a ground station, and audio encoding has always taken an important position in communication systems. The data volume of the audio is huge, which is inconvenient for direct transmission and storage processing, and at the same time, the requirement of compressed transmission rate of the audio in many fields is high, so that the voice must be processed reasonably and effectively to reduce the transmission rate and storage volume of the audio signal, i.e. to perform audio compression coding.
Therefore, very low rate audio coding has been increasingly noticed, and there is a great redundancy of information in audio signals, each bit of compression means cost saving, low rate digital audio transmission has a great practical value, and high quality low rate audio coding technology is widely used in mobile communication, satellite communication, multimedia technology, and IP telephone communication. However, the current audio encoding and decoding process is relatively complex, so that the signal transmission is excessively redundant.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a method and system for encoding and decoding audio transmissions from a manned vehicle and a ground station to solve the problems of the prior art as set forth in the background above.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the coding and decoding processing method for the audio transmission of the manned aircraft and the ground station comprises the following steps:
establishing an audio sending end and an audio receiving end, and respectively placing the audio sending end and the audio receiving end in an aircraft and a ground station;
establishing a signal transmission channel based on the audio sending end and the audio receiving end;
connecting an audio sending end and an audio receiving end through a signal transmission channel;
sending out a signal by an audio sending end and coding to obtain a coded signal;
transmitting the encoded signal to the audio receiving end via a signal transmission channel;
and decoding the coded signal by the audio receiving end to obtain a processed signal.
Further, when the audio emitting end emits a signal, the method comprises the following steps:
recording audio by a video recorder and a sound recorder on the aircraft;
converting the audio into an audio signal through a converter;
the audio signal is encoded by an audio sending end and then compressed to obtain a compressed signal;
the compressed signal is directed into a signal transmission channel.
Further, when the audio is converted into the audio signal by the converter, the conversion includes sound conversion, video conversion and audio synthesis.
Further, when converting the sound, the method comprises the following steps:
sampling the analog sound signal, taking a sample of the analog sound signal every a short time, namely obtaining the voltage value of the analog sound signal at the moment, and calling the sampling frequency within one second as the sampling frequency, wherein the sampling frequency is more than twice of the highest frequency of the original sound signal, so that the original analog signal can be well ensured not to be distorted after digitization, and an information sample is obtained;
transferring the information sample to a converter;
each sample is digitized by the converter, using eight or sixteen bit quantization accuracy, dividing the sound volume from a minimum value to a maximum value into 28, i.e. 256 levels, each level corresponding to a digital code from 0 to 256, represented by a byte, and each sample's volume approximately corresponding to one of the 256 levels, i.e. obtaining a digital code accordingly.
Further, the video conversion method comprises the following steps:
i frame: the intra-frame coding frame, the key frame and the I frame can be regarded as a product of an image after being compressed, and a complete image can be decoded independently;
p frame: forward predicting coding frame, recording the difference between the frame and the previous key frame, and generating final picture by using the picture cached before to superpose the difference defined by the frame;
b frame: the bidirectional predictive coding frame records the difference between the frame and the previous and the next frames, and the decoding needs to refer to the previous frame or the frame and also needs the next P frame to decode a complete image.
Further, the audio synthesis comprises the following steps:
setting a reference clock, wherein the time on the reference clock is linearly increased, and a timestamp is marked on each frame of data according to the time on the reference clock when the audio and video stream is coded;
synchronizing video to audio, synchronizing audio to video, synchronizing audio and video to an external clock.
Further, when compressing the signal, the method comprises the following steps:
spatial redundancy: redundant elimination caused by more correlation between adjacent pixels in a frame of image;
time redundancy: redundant culling caused by correlation between different frames in a video image sequence;
visual redundancy: rejecting the part of image information which cannot be sensed or is insensitive;
the original signal is obtained.
Further, when obtaining the encoded signal, the method comprises the following steps:
converting the original signal from a time domain to a frequency domain, dividing the original signal into a plurality of sub-frequency bands, and respectively carrying out digital coding on the sub-frequency bands;
the sub-band signals are respectively sent to corresponding digital coding circuits for digital demodulation, pass through low-pass filters of all paths and are demodulated again, and the frequency domain of each sub-band can be restored to the distribution state of the original signal;
and sending each path of sub-band output signals to a synchronous adder, restoring the signals into original signals through addition, and dividing the original signals into a plurality of sub-bands by utilizing a band-pass filter bank.
Further, when the signal transmission channel is established, the method comprises the following steps:
creating an audio stream comprising an audio track and an audio source, the creation of the audio track being dependent on the creation of the audio source, the Peerconnection acting directly on the audio track;
creating a video stream, including creating a video track and a video source, wherein the creation of the video track depends on the creation of the video source, and the PeerConnection directly acts on the video track;
exchanging and negotiating SDP information through an aircraft and a ground station based on an SDP negotiation mechanism so as to establish a Session meeting the conversation requirement;
setting an Answer, wherein SDP information in the Answer is SDP description information of an opposite terminal sent by an aircraft and corresponds to SDP description information of a ground station;
a signal transmission channel is built.
Further, when decoding the encoded signal, the method comprises the following steps:
the audio receiving end decodes the received coding signal data and outputs a decoded frequency domain audio signal;
performing orthogonal inverse rotation transformation on the decoded frequency domain audio signal by taking a maximum correlation rotation angle as a rotation angle, and outputting audio signals of left and right channels;
the maximum correlation rotation angle is a rotation angle which enables the sub-band signals subjected to orthogonal rotation transformation to have maximum correlation, and the frequency domain audio signals are complex domain audio signals.
Further, when the frequency domain audio signal is obtained, the method comprises the following steps:
decomposing the coded code stream into an audio code stream and a parameter code stream;
respectively carrying out entropy decoding and inverse quantization on the audio code stream and the parameter code stream to obtain frequency spectrum data and a rotation angle;
and decoding the frequency spectrum data according to the coding mode to obtain two paths of audio signals.
Further, when the audio signal is obtained, the method comprises the following steps:
performing orthogonal inverse rotation transformation on the two paths of audio signals obtained by decoding by taking a maximum correlation degree rotation angle as a rotation angle;
and performing time-frequency inverse transformation on the two paths of audio signals subjected to the orthogonal inverse rotation transformation to output time domain audio signals of left and right sound channels.
Further, the system for processing audio transmission coding and decoding of the manned aircraft and the ground station comprises an audio transmitting end, an audio receiving end and a wireless transmission module; the audio transmitting end is in signal connection with the wireless transmission module through the audio receiving end;
the audio sending end comprises a sending module, and the audio receiving end comprises a receiving module.
Further, the sending module includes: the device comprises a filter I, an encoder and a multiplexer; the first filter, the encoder and the multiplexer are sequentially connected, and the multiplexer is connected with the wireless transmission module.
Further, the receiving module includes: a decoder, a second filter and a synchronous adder; the decoder, the second filter and the synchronous adder are sequentially connected, the decoder is connected with the wireless transmission module, and the output end of the synchronous adder is provided with a recovery signal.
Further, the system also comprises an image acquisition device and a sound acquisition device.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that: compared with the prior art, the method and the system for processing the audio transmission coding and decoding of the manned aircraft and the ground station have the following advantages:
according to the invention, the audio sending end and the audio receiving end are established and are respectively arranged in the aircraft and the ground station, the signal transmission channel is established based on the audio sending end and the audio receiving end and is used for collecting sound and video screens and transmitting the sound and the video screens to the audio receiving end in the ground station through the wireless transmission module, the audio receiving end decodes the coded signals to obtain processed signals, and the audio signal transmission can be conveniently and rapidly carried out, so that the problems of relatively complicated audio coding and decoding process and excessively redundant signal transmission are solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an audio transmission encoding and decoding processing system for a manned vehicle and a ground station according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a transmit module of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a receiving module of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the method for encoding and decoding the audio transmission of the manned aircraft and the ground station according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not delimit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides an audio transmission coding and decoding processing system for a manned aircraft and a ground station, which comprises an audio transmitting end, an audio receiving end, a wireless transmission module, image acquisition equipment and sound acquisition equipment, wherein the audio transmitting end is connected with the audio receiving end through a network; the audio transmitting end is in signal connection with the wireless transmission module through the audio receiving end; the audio sending end comprises a sending module, and the audio receiving end comprises a receiving module. The audio transmitting end, the image acquisition equipment and the sound acquisition equipment are arranged on the manned aircraft and used for collecting sound and a video screen and transmitting the sound and the video screen to the audio receiving end in the ground station through the wireless transmission module.
The sending module comprises: the device comprises a filter I, an encoder and a multiplexer; the first filter, the encoder and the multiplexer are sequentially connected, and the multiplexer is connected with the wireless transmission module. The receiving module includes: a decoder, a second filter and a synchronous adder; the decoder, the second filter and the synchronous adder are sequentially connected, the decoder is connected with the wireless transmission module, and the output end of the synchronous adder is provided with a recovery signal. The audio signal can be encoded and decoded, and signal transmission is facilitated.
As shown in fig. 4, based on the above coding and decoding processing system, the present embodiment provides a method for coding and decoding audio transmission between a manned vehicle and a ground station, including the following steps:
establishing an audio sending end and an audio receiving end, and respectively placing the audio sending end and the audio receiving end in an aircraft and a ground station;
(1) Establishing a signal transmission channel based on the audio sending end and the audio receiving end;
(2) Connecting an audio sending end and an audio receiving end through a signal transmission channel;
(3) Sending out a signal by an audio sending end and coding to obtain a coded signal;
(4) Transmitting the encoded signal to the audio receiving end via a signal transmission channel;
(5) And decoding the coded signal by the audio receiving end to obtain a processed signal.
When the audio sending end sends out a signal, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Recording audio by a video recorder and a sound recorder on the aircraft;
(2) Converting the audio into an audio signal through a converter;
(3) The audio signal is encoded by an audio sending end and then compressed to obtain a compressed signal;
(4) The compressed signal is directed into a signal transmission channel.
When audio is converted into an audio signal by a converter, sound conversion, video conversion and audio synthesis are included.
When the sound is converted, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Sampling the analog sound signal, taking a sample of the analog sound signal every a short time, namely obtaining the voltage value of the analog sound signal at the moment, and calling the sampling frequency within one second as the sampling frequency, wherein the sampling frequency is more than twice of the highest frequency of the original sound signal, so that the original analog signal can be well ensured not to be distorted after digitization, and an information sample is obtained;
(2) Transferring the information sample to a converter;
(3) Each sample is digitized by the converter, using eight or sixteen bit quantization accuracy, dividing the sound volume from a minimum value to a maximum value into 28, i.e. 256 levels, each level corresponding to a digital code from 0 to 256, represented by a byte, and each sample's volume approximately corresponding to one of the 256 levels, i.e. obtaining a digital code accordingly.
When the video is converted, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) I frame: the intra-frame coding frame, the key frame and the I frame can be regarded as a product of an image after being compressed, and a complete image can be decoded independently;
(2) P frame: forward predicting coding frame, recording the difference between the frame and the previous key frame, and generating final picture by using the picture cached before to superpose the difference defined by the frame;
(3) B frame: the bidirectional predictive coding frame records the difference between the frame and the previous and the next frames, and the decoding needs to refer to the previous frame or the frame and also needs the next P frame to decode a complete image.
When the audio is synthesized, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Setting a reference clock, wherein the time on the reference clock is linearly increased, and a timestamp is marked on each frame of data according to the time on the reference clock when the audio and video stream is coded;
(2) Synchronizing video to audio, synchronizing audio to video, and synchronizing audio and video to an external clock.
In compressing a signal, the method comprises the steps of:
(1) Spatial redundancy: redundant elimination caused by more correlation between adjacent pixels in a frame of image;
(2) Time redundancy: redundant culling caused by correlation between different frames in a video image sequence;
(3) Visual redundancy: rejecting the part of image information which cannot be sensed or is insensitive;
(4) The original signal is obtained.
When obtaining the coded signal, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Converting the original signal from a time domain to a frequency domain, dividing the original signal into a plurality of sub-frequency bands, and respectively carrying out digital coding on the sub-frequency bands;
(2) The sub-band signals are respectively sent to corresponding digital coding circuits for digital demodulation, pass through low-pass filters of all paths and are demodulated again, and the frequency domain of each sub-band can be restored to the distribution state of the original signal;
(3) And sending each path of sub-band output signals to a synchronous adder, restoring the signals into original signals through addition, and dividing the original signals into a plurality of sub-bands by utilizing a band-pass filter bank.
When a signal transmission channel is established, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Creating an audio stream comprising an audio track and an audio source, the creation of the audio track being dependent on the creation of the audio source, the PeerConnection being a direct action on the audio track;
(2) Creating a video stream, including creating a video track and a video source, wherein the creation of the video track depends on the creation of the video source, and the PeerConnection directly acts on the video track;
(3) Exchanging and negotiating SDP information through an aircraft and a ground station based on an SDP negotiation mechanism so as to establish a Session meeting the conversation requirement;
(4) Setting an Answer, wherein SDP information in the Answer is SDP description information of an opposite terminal sent by an aircraft and corresponds to SDP description information of a ground station;
(5) A signal transmission channel is built.
When decoding the coded signal, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) The audio receiving end decodes the received coding signal data and outputs a decoded frequency domain audio signal;
(2) Performing orthogonal inverse rotation transformation on the decoded frequency domain audio signal by taking a maximum correlation rotation angle as a rotation angle, and outputting audio signals of left and right channels;
(3) The maximum correlation rotation angle is a rotation angle which enables the sub-band signals subjected to orthogonal rotation transformation to have maximum correlation, and the frequency domain audio signals are complex domain audio signals.
When obtaining the frequency domain audio signal, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Decomposing the coded code stream into an audio code stream and a parameter code stream;
(2) Respectively carrying out entropy decoding and inverse quantization on the audio code stream and the parameter code stream to obtain frequency spectrum data and a rotation angle;
(3) And decoding the frequency spectrum data according to the coding mode to obtain two paths of audio signals.
When the audio signal is obtained, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Performing orthogonal inverse rotation transformation on the two paths of audio signals obtained by decoding by taking the maximum correlation degree rotation angle as a rotation angle;
(2) And performing time-frequency inverse transformation on the two paths of audio signals subjected to the orthogonal inverse rotation transformation to output time domain audio signals of left and right sound channels.
In this embodiment send out end and audio receiving terminal through establishing the audio frequency, and send out end and audio receiving terminal with the audio frequency and arrange aircraft and ground station in respectively, send out the end and audio receiving terminal based on the audio frequency and establish signal transmission channel, be used for collecting sound and look the screen, and transmit the audio receiving terminal in the ground station through wireless transmission module, audio receiving terminal decodes the coded signal, obtain the signal processing, can be convenient, the quick audio signal transmission that carries on, thereby it is comparatively loaded down with trivial details to solve audio encoding decoding process, signal transmission is too numerous and disorderly problem.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (16)
1. The coding and decoding processing method for the audio transmission of the manned aircraft and the ground station is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
establishing an audio sending end and an audio receiving end, and respectively placing the audio sending end and the audio receiving end in an aircraft and a ground station;
establishing a signal transmission channel based on the audio sending end and the audio receiving end;
connecting an audio sending end and an audio receiving end through a signal transmission channel;
sending out a signal by an audio sending end and coding to obtain a coded signal;
transmitting the encoded signal to the audio receiving end via a signal transmission channel;
and decoding the coded signal by the audio receiving end to obtain a processed signal.
2. The manned vehicle and ground station audio transmission encoding and decoding processing method of claim 1, wherein: when the audio sending end sends out a signal, the method comprises the following steps:
recording audio by a video recorder and a sound recorder on the aircraft;
converting the audio into an audio signal through a converter;
the audio signal is encoded by an audio sending end and then compressed to obtain a compressed signal;
the compressed signal is directed into a signal transmission channel.
3. The manned aircraft and ground station audio transmission encoding and decoding processing method of claim 2, wherein: when audio is converted into an audio signal by a converter, sound conversion, video conversion and audio synthesis are included.
4. The manned aircraft and ground station audio transmission encoding and decoding processing method of claim 3, wherein: when the sound is converted, the method comprises the following steps:
sampling the analog sound signal, taking a sample of the analog sound signal every other short time, namely obtaining the voltage value of the analog sound signal at the moment, and calling the sampling frequency within one second, wherein the sampling frequency is more than twice of the highest frequency of the original sound signal, so that the original analog signal can be well ensured not to be distorted after digitization, and an information sample is obtained;
transferring the information sample to a converter;
each sample is digitized by the converter, using eight or sixteen bit quantization accuracy, dividing the sound volume from a minimum value to a maximum value into 28, i.e. 256 levels, each level corresponding to a digital code from 0 to 256, represented by a byte, and each sample's volume approximately corresponding to one of the 256 levels, i.e. obtaining a digital code accordingly.
5. The manned aircraft and ground station audio transmission encoding and decoding processing method of claim 4, wherein: when the video is converted, the method comprises the following steps:
i frame: the intra-frame coding frame, the key frame and the I frame can be regarded as a product of an image after being compressed, and a complete image can be decoded independently;
p frame: forward predicting coding frame, recording the difference between the frame and the previous key frame, and generating final picture by using the picture cached before to superpose the difference defined by the frame;
b frame: the bidirectional predictive coding frame records the difference between the frame and the previous and the next frames, and the decoding needs to refer to the previous frame or the frame and also needs the next P frame to decode a complete image.
6. The manned aircraft and ground station audio transmission encoding and decoding processing method of claim 5, wherein: when the audio is synthesized, the method comprises the following steps:
setting a reference clock, wherein the time on the reference clock is linearly increased, and a timestamp is stamped on each frame of data according to the time on the reference clock when the audio and video stream is coded;
synchronizing video to audio, synchronizing audio to video, and synchronizing audio and video to an external clock.
7. The manned aircraft and ground station audio transmission encoding and decoding processing method of claim 6, wherein: when compressing a signal, comprising the steps of:
spatial redundancy: redundant elimination caused by more correlation between adjacent pixels in a frame of image;
time redundancy: redundant culling caused by correlation between different frames in a video image sequence;
visual redundancy: rejecting the part of image information which cannot be sensed or is insensitive;
the original signal is obtained.
8. The manned aircraft and ground station audio transmission encoding and decoding processing method of claim 7, wherein: when obtaining the coded signal, the method comprises the following steps:
converting the original signal from a time domain to a frequency domain, dividing the original signal into a plurality of sub-frequency bands, and respectively carrying out digital coding on the sub-frequency bands;
the sub-band signals are respectively sent to corresponding digital coding circuits for digital demodulation, pass through low-pass filters of all paths and are demodulated again, and the frequency domain of each sub-band can be restored to the distribution state of the original signal;
and sending each path of sub-band output signals to a synchronous adder, restoring the signals into original signals through addition, and dividing the original signals into a plurality of sub-bands by utilizing a band-pass filter bank.
9. The manned vehicle and ground station audio transmission encoding and decoding processing method of claim 8, wherein: when a signal transmission channel is established, the method comprises the following steps:
creating an audio stream comprising an audio track and an audio source, the creation of the audio track being dependent on the creation of the audio source, the Peerconnection acting directly on the audio track;
creating a video stream, including creating a video track and a video source, wherein the creation of the video track depends on the creation of the video source, and the PeerConnection directly acts on the video track;
exchanging and negotiating SDP information through the aircraft and the ground station based on an SDP negotiation mechanism so as to create a Session meeting the call requirement;
setting an Answer, wherein SDP information in the Answer is SDP description information of an opposite terminal sent by an aircraft and corresponds to SDP description information of a ground station;
a signal transmission channel is built.
10. The manned aircraft and ground station audio transmission encoding and decoding processing method of claim 9, wherein: when decoding the coded signal, the method comprises the following steps:
the audio receiving end decodes the received coding signal data and outputs a decoded frequency domain audio signal;
performing orthogonal inverse rotation transformation on the decoded frequency domain audio signal by taking a maximum correlation degree rotation angle as a rotation angle, and outputting audio signals of left and right channels;
the maximum correlation rotation angle is a rotation angle which enables the sub-band signals subjected to orthogonal rotation transformation to have maximum correlation, and the frequency domain audio signals are complex domain audio signals.
11. The manned vehicle and ground station audio transmission encoding and decoding processing method of claim 10, wherein: when obtaining the frequency domain audio signal, the method comprises the following steps:
decomposing the coded code stream into an audio code stream and a parameter code stream;
respectively carrying out entropy decoding and inverse quantization on the audio code stream and the parameter code stream to obtain frequency spectrum data and a rotation angle;
and decoding the frequency spectrum data according to the coding mode to obtain two paths of audio signals.
12. The manned aircraft and ground station audio transmission encoding and decoding processing method of claim 11, wherein: when the audio signal is obtained, the method comprises the following steps:
performing orthogonal inverse rotation transformation on the two paths of audio signals obtained by decoding by taking a maximum correlation degree rotation angle as a rotation angle;
and performing time-frequency inverse transformation on the two paths of audio signals subjected to the orthogonal inverse rotation transformation to output time domain audio signals of left and right sound channels.
13. A manned vehicle and ground station audio transmission coding and decoding processing system is characterized in that: the processing system comprises an audio transmitting end, an audio receiving end and a wireless transmission module; the audio transmitting end is in signal connection with the wireless transmission module through the audio receiving end;
the audio sending end comprises a sending module, and the audio receiving end comprises a receiving module.
14. The manned aircraft and ground station audio transmission encoding and decoding processing system of claim 13, wherein: the sending module comprises: the device comprises a filter I, an encoder and a multiplexer; the first filter, the encoder and the multiplexer are sequentially connected, and the multiplexer is connected with a wireless transmission module.
15. The manned vehicle and ground station audio transmission codec processing system of claim 14, wherein: the receiving module includes: a decoder, a second filter and a synchronous adder; the decoder, the second filter and the synchronous adder are sequentially connected, the decoder is connected with the wireless transmission module, and the output end of the synchronous adder is provided with a recovery signal.
16. The manned aircraft and ground station audio transmission encoding and decoding processing system of claim 15, wherein: the system also comprises an image acquisition device and a sound acquisition device.
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| CN116806000B (en) * | 2023-08-18 | 2024-01-30 | 广东保伦电子股份有限公司 | Multi-channel arbitrarily-expanded distributed audio matrix |
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