CN115938337B - Ultrasonic transducer array, directional sounding control method and directional sounding device - Google Patents
Ultrasonic transducer array, directional sounding control method and directional sounding device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrasonic transducer array, a directional sounding control method and a directional sounding device, wherein the ultrasonic transducer array comprises at least two ultrasonic transducer subarrays which are arranged at intervals, sounding frequency ranges of ultrasonic waves emitted by any two adjacent ultrasonic transducer subarrays are different, sounding areas of any two adjacent ultrasonic transducer subarrays are intersected to form an ultrasonic intersection area, the ultrasonic intersection area is positioned in the whole sound source radiation area of the ultrasonic transducer array, and the ultrasonic waves of different sounding frequency ranges of the ultrasonic intersection area are self-demodulated under the action of air to form difference frequency audible sound; the ultrasonic transducer array can realize high directivity of audible sound, shorten propagation distance and improve privacy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of directional sounding, in particular to an ultrasonic transducer array, a directional sounding control method and a directional sounding device.
Background
As shown in fig. 1, the sounding principle of the conventional parametric array speaker is: differential frequency audible sound (frequency f1-f 2) is generated by air nonlinear self-demodulation from finite amplitude ultrasound (ultrasonic frequencies f1 and f2, respectively). Conventional parametric array speakers typically use multiple identical ultrasonic transducers in an array that simultaneously emit ultrasonic waves at frequencies f1 and f2, with a single ultrasonic transducer typically being circular or square in shape, as shown in fig. 2 and 3. During forward transmission, ultrasonic waves with two frequencies can demodulate ultrasonic beams with different frequency bands, and the two frequencies have a cumulative effect. As shown in fig. 4, the sound sources of virtual difference frequency audible sounds with frequencies f1-f2 formed by accumulation form an end-shooter-like loudspeaker, thereby realizing a high-directivity difference frequency audible sound beam and an ultra-long difference frequency audible sound propagation distance. In the case of an unmanned head or other shielding, an ultrasonic intersection region (i.e., an audible sound region) formed by a conventional parametric array speaker is shown as a shaded region in fig. 5, and the audible sound pressure level in the ultrasonic intersection region is high, for example, the sound pressure level of an audible sound frequency band around 1kHz can be up to 80dB.
Under the condition that the head, the trunk and other shielding objects exist, the conventional parametric array loudspeaker has more ultrasonic intersection of different frequencies due to reflection of the head and the trunk, the ultrasonic intersection area is enlarged to be a shadow area as shown in fig. 6, and the visible ultrasonic intersection area exceeds the sound source radiation area of the parametric array loudspeaker. Because the ultrasonic intersection area is large, the directivity is weak, the propagation distance is long, meanwhile, the specific audible sound area is difficult to determine due to the increase of left and right reflected sounds, the sound can be heard before and after the person, and the privacy is poor.
However, when the parametric array speaker is applied to some use scenes such as voice calls and web conferences, it is desirable to realize a short transmission distance while realizing high directivity, so as to reduce the environmental reflection caused by the sound of the rear of an audio receiver in a use area, the sound wave transmitted to a wall surface, and the like, and improve the privacy of sound production. This is not possible with conventional parametric array speakers.
Therefore, it is highly desirable to find a parametric array speaker capable of simultaneously realizing high directivity, short transmission distance and improving sound privacy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ultrasonic transducer array, a directional sounding control method and a directional sounding device, wherein the ultrasonic transducer array can meet the privacy requirement of sounding audible sound.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention proposes the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an ultrasonic transducer array is provided, the ultrasonic transducer array includes at least two ultrasonic transducer subarrays that the interval set up, and arbitrary two adjacent settings the sound production frequency channel of the ultrasonic wave that ultrasonic transducer subarray sent is different, and arbitrary two adjacent settings the sound production region of ultrasonic transducer subarray intersects mutually, is formed with the ultrasonic intersection region, the ultrasonic intersection region is located the whole sound source radiation area of ultrasonic transducer array, the ultrasonic wave of the different sound production frequency channels of ultrasonic intersection region is from demodulating under the air effect and is formed into difference frequency audible sound.
In a preferred embodiment, the at least two sub-arrays of ultrasound transducers are formed by dividing one array of ultrasound transducers, or are arranged independently.
In a preferred embodiment, the sound emitting surfaces of the at least two sub-arrays of ultrasound transducers lie in the same plane.
In a preferred embodiment, the spacing between any two adjacently disposed sub-arrays of said ultrasound transducers is no more than 0.2m.
In a preferred embodiment, the ultrasonic transducer array has a width in a horizontal direction parallel to the ears of the corresponding audio receiver of no more than 1.5m.
In a preferred embodiment, the distance between the center point of the line formed by the two ears of the corresponding audio receiver and the sound emitting surface of the ultrasonic transducer array is not more than 2m.
In a preferred embodiment, the at least two sub-arrays of ultrasound transducers are arranged regularly or in a different shape.
In a preferred embodiment, the at least two sub-arrays of ultrasound transducers form a one-dimensional or two-dimensional array arrangement, or form a circular array arrangement.
In a second aspect, there is provided a directional sounding control method applied to the ultrasonic transducer array as set forth in any one of the first aspects, the method comprising:
one of the adjacent two sub-arrays of the ultrasonic transducer receives the first electrical signal, and the other sub-array receives the second electrical signal;
one of the ultrasonic transducer sub-arrays emits a first ultrasonic beam under the action of the corresponding first electric signal, the other ultrasonic transducer sub-array emits a second ultrasonic beam under the action of the corresponding second electric signal, the first ultrasonic beam and the second ultrasonic beam are intersected and converged to form an ultrasonic intersection area, and ultrasonic waves of different sound emission frequency bands of the ultrasonic intersection area are self-demodulated to form difference frequency audible sound under the action of air.
In a third aspect, there is provided a directional sound emitting device comprising an ultrasound transducer array as claimed in any one of the first aspects.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides an ultrasonic transducer array, a directional sounding control method and a directional sounding device, wherein the ultrasonic transducer array comprises at least two ultrasonic transducer subarrays which are arranged at intervals, sounding frequency ranges of ultrasonic waves emitted by any two adjacent ultrasonic transducer subarrays are different, sounding areas of any two adjacent ultrasonic transducer subarrays are intersected to form an ultrasonic intersection area, the ultrasonic intersection area is positioned in the whole sound source radiation area of the ultrasonic transducer array, and the ultrasonic waves of different sounding frequency ranges of the ultrasonic intersection area are self-demodulated under the action of air to form difference frequency audible sound; according to the invention, through arranging the plurality of ultrasonic transducer subarrays which are arranged at intervals and the mode that the adjacent two ultrasonic transducer subarrays respectively emit ultrasonic waves with different frequency ranges, only the beam junction of the adjacent two ultrasonic transducer subarrays can be demodulated to generate audible sound, so that the audible sound area of the ultrasonic transducer is reduced, the high directivity of the audible sound is realized, the propagation distance is shortened, and the privacy of the ultrasonic transducer array when the ultrasonic transducer array is applied is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional parametric array speaker in the background art;
figures 2 and 3 are ultrasonic transducer arrays with circular or square ultrasonic transducers, respectively;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a conventional parametric array speaker with high directivity and long propagation distance;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of audible sound areas of a conventional parametric array speaker propagation path without a person;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of audible sound areas of a conventional parametric array speaker when there is a person in the propagation path;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an ultrasonic transducer radiating ultrasonic waves in the first embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic transducer of the first embodiment radiating ultrasonic waves with an audio receiver in the difference frequency audible sound region;
FIGS. 9-11 are schematic structural diagrams illustrating different arrangements of an ultrasonic transducer array according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of another arrangement of an ultrasonic transducer array according to the second embodiment;
fig. 13 is a schematic view corresponding to the ultrasonic transducer of fig. 12 radiating ultrasonic waves.
The marks in the figure: 100 200-ultrasonic transducer array, 10-ultrasonic intersection region, 20-sound source radiation region, 30-first ultrasonic transducer sub-array, 40-second ultrasonic transducer sub-array, 50-first difference frequency audible sound region, 60-third ultrasonic transducer sub-array, 70-second difference frequency audible sound region.
Description of the embodiments
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 7, the present embodiment provides an ultrasonic transducer array 100, where the ultrasonic transducer array 100 includes at least two ultrasonic transducer sub-arrays disposed at intervals, and the sound emission frequency bands of ultrasonic waves emitted by any two adjacent ultrasonic transducer sub-arrays are different. And, the sound production areas of any two adjacent ultrasonic transducer subarrays are intersected to form an ultrasonic intersection area 10, and ultrasonic waves of different sound production frequency bands in the ultrasonic intersection area 10 are self-demodulated under the action of air to form difference frequency audible sound. The ultrasonic intersection region 10 formed in this manner is located in the entire sound source radiation region 20 of the ultrasonic transducer array 100, and the ultrasonic intersection region 10 is far smaller than the sound source radiation region 20, so that the audible sound region of the ultrasonic transducer array 100 is reduced, high directionality of audible sound is realized, the propagation distance is shortened, and the privacy when the ultrasonic transducer array 100 is applied is improved.
Any of the at least two sub-arrays of ultrasound transducers may be the same or different in shape, including but not limited to at least one of circular, rectangular. And, the ultrasound transducer array 100 includes at least two ultrasound transducer sub-arrays that are regularly arranged or irregularly arranged, which may specifically be: at least two of the ultrasound transducer subarrays form a one-dimensional array arrangement (fig. 9), a two-dimensional array arrangement (fig. 10), or a circular array arrangement (fig. 11). It should be noted that any of the above arrangements and combinations are applicable to the present invention for the purpose of customizing the audible sound area.
For ease of description, the present embodiment is further described in detail with respect to the ultrasound transducer array 100 including the first ultrasound transducer sub-array 30 and the second ultrasound transducer sub-array 40 disposed adjacently. The first ultrasonic transducer sub-array 30 emits a first ultrasonic beam of a first ultrasonic frequency band f1, the second ultrasonic transducer sub-array 40 emits a second ultrasonic beam of a second ultrasonic frequency band f2, and f1 is different from f2, and part of the first ultrasonic beam and part of the second ultrasonic beam at the same time intersect in the propagation direction to form an ultrasonic intersection region 10. It will be appreciated that the ultrasound intersection region 10 is located within the sound source radiation region 20, i.e. the ultrasound intersection region 10 is smaller than the sound source radiation region 20.
In one embodiment, the sound emitting surface of the first ultrasound transducer sub-array 30 is located within the same full sound emitting surface as the sound emitting surface of the second ultrasound transducer sub-array 40, which transmits ultrasound waves in the forward direction. The complete sound producing surface can be a plane, a curved surface or a complete sound producing surface with any shape. Of course, in other embodiments, the sound emitting surface of the first ultrasonic transducer sub-array 30 and the sound emitting surface of the second ultrasonic transducer sub-array 40 may not be located on the same plane, and the present invention is applicable to the front-back offset arrangement.
The ultrasonic waves of different sounding frequency bands in the ultrasonic intersection region 10 are self-demodulated under the action of air to form a difference frequency audible sound, and the difference frequency audible sound is located in a first difference frequency audible sound region 50. As shown in fig. 7, when no audio receiver or other obstruction is present within the ultrasound intersection region 10, the first difference frequency audible sound region 50 is located within the ultrasound intersection region 10 and is smaller than the ultrasound intersection region 10. As shown in fig. 8, when an audio receiver exists in the ultrasonic intersection region 10, the ultrasonic intersection of different frequencies is more due to a certain degree of reflection of the ultrasonic beam by the head or torso of the audio receiver, the first difference frequency audible sound region 50 is slightly increased in all directions, but the first difference frequency audible sound region 50 is still located in the sound source radiation region 20, and the first difference frequency audible sound region 50 is still far smaller than the sound source radiation region 20 of the ultrasonic transducer array 100 in all directions. Thus, a clear first difference frequency audible sound may be heard when the audio receiver is within the first difference frequency audible sound region 50, and the first difference frequency audible sound may not be heard when the audio receiver is outside the first difference frequency audible sound region 50.
The person facing the ultrasonic transducer array 100 and located in the first difference frequency audible sound region 50 is defined as the audio receiver for ease of description.
The acoustic pressure level of the first difference frequency audible sound formed by the ultrasonic transducer array 100 in this embodiment is slightly reduced due to the partial intersection, and the propagation distance of the first difference frequency audible sound is shortened due to the reduction of the acoustic pressure level along with the propagation distance, that is, the length of the first difference frequency audible sound region 50 in the propagation direction is reduced, so that the first difference frequency audible sound is prevented from continuing to be transmitted to the rear of the first difference frequency audible sound region 50. Therefore, the ultrasonic transducer array 100 is also far smaller than a conventional parametric array speaker in the propagation direction, and the privacy requirement of the directional sound can be effectively ensured. Typically, the first difference frequency audible sound region 50 is a relatively high privacy directional sound region that is desired to be formed, i.e., a corresponding region of use for the ultrasound transducer array 100.
In this embodiment, at least two ultrasound transducer sub-arrays are formed by dividing one ultrasound transducer array, and the interval between any two adjacently arranged ultrasound transducer sub-arrays is not more than 0.2m. In this embodiment, the first ultrasonic transducer sub-array 30 and the second ultrasonic transducer sub-array 40 are formed by dividing the same ultrasonic transducer array, so that the minimum distance between any one of the first ultrasonic transducer included in the first ultrasonic transducer sub-array 30 and any one of the second ultrasonic transducer included in the second ultrasonic transducer sub-array 40 is not greater than 0.2m. Of course, on the premise of meeting the minimum distance, the first ultrasonic transducer sub-array 30 and the second ultrasonic transducer sub-array 40 may also be independently arranged, for example, they respectively belong to two different schemes such as directional sounding devices, and are all suitable for the present invention. It will be appreciated that the distance between the edge of the first ultrasound transducer sub-array 30 closest to the second ultrasound transducer sub-array 40 and the corresponding edge of the second ultrasound transducer sub-array 40 in this embodiment is actually the minimum distance.
The present embodiment is not limited in the size of the acoustic transducer array 100. To ensure sound pressure level and directivity within the first difference frequency audible sound zone 50, the ultrasonic transducer array 100 has a width of no more than 1.5m in a horizontal direction parallel to the ears of the corresponding audio receiver.
And, in customizing the formation of the corresponding first difference frequency audible sound region 50, it should be ensured that the distance between the center point of the connection line formed by the two ears of the audio receiver and the sound emitting surface of the ultrasonic transducer array 100 is not more than 2m, so as to further ensure the sound pressure level and directivity of the audible sound.
Therefore, the present embodiment can customize the structure of the ultrasonic transducer array 100 according to the setting requirement (i.e. the directional sound privacy setting requirement) of the first difference frequency audible sound area 50 (i.e. the usage area), and the adjusted parameters include, but are not limited to, the ultrasonic radiation angle and frequency f1 of the first ultrasonic transducer sub-array 30, the ultrasonic radiation angle and frequency f2 of the second ultrasonic transducer sub-array 40, the relative positional relationship and spacing distance between the first ultrasonic transducer sub-array 30 and the second ultrasonic transducer sub-array 40, the distance between the first difference frequency audible sound area 50 and the sound emitting surface of the ultrasonic transducer array 100, the width of the sound emitting surface of the ultrasonic transducer array 100 in the horizontal direction, etc.
In conclusion, the ultrasonic transducer array reduces the corresponding audible sound area through the optimized structure, realizes high directionality of audible sound and shortens the propagation distance at the same time, thereby improving the privacy when the ultrasonic transducer array is applied; more importantly, even the presence of a voice recipient in the audible sound region does not compromise its privacy.
Example two
As shown in fig. 12, on the basis of the first embodiment, the present embodiment further provides an ultrasonic transducer array 200, where the ultrasonic transducer array 200 includes the first ultrasonic transducer sub-array 30 and the second ultrasonic transducer sub-array 40 in the first embodiment, and further includes the third ultrasonic transducer sub-array 60. The sound emitting surface of the third ultrasound transducer sub-array 60 is located on the same plane as the sound emitting surface of the first ultrasound transducer sub-array 30 or the second ultrasound transducer sub-array 40. The third ultrasound transducer sub-array 60 emits a third ultrasound beam of a third ultrasound frequency band.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 12, a third ultrasound transducer sub-array 60 is spaced apart from the first ultrasound transducer sub-array 30, the third ultrasound frequency band being different from the first ultrasound frequency band. A part of the first ultrasonic wave beam and a part of the third ultrasonic wave beam at the same time meet in the propagation direction and are demodulated to generate second difference frequency audible sound. As shown in fig. 13, the first difference frequency audible sound and the second difference frequency audible sound are both located in the second difference frequency audible sound region 70, and the second difference frequency audible sound region 70 is located in the sound source radiation region 20 of the ultrasonic transducer array 200, that is, the ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic transducer array 200 are formed as a whole to be much smaller than the second difference frequency audible sound region 70 of the sound source radiation region 20. The arrangement of the third ultrasonic transducer sub-array 60 and the first ultrasonic transducer sub-array 30 at intervals includes, but is not limited to, one of arranging the third ultrasonic transducer sub-array 60 adjacent to the first ultrasonic transducer sub-array 30, arranging the third ultrasonic transducer sub-array 60 around the periphery of the first ultrasonic transducer sub-array 30, and the like.
Therefore, in this embodiment, the customized difference frequency audible sound area is formed by dividing the ultrasonic transducer array into three or more ultrasonic transducer sub-arrays arranged at intervals, and the formed difference frequency audible sound area has better directivity and short propagation distance, and better privacy.
Example III
The embodiment provides a directional sounding control method which is applied to an ultrasonic transducer array in the first embodiment or the second embodiment. The directional sounding control method comprises the following steps:
s1, one ultrasonic transducer subarray of two adjacent ultrasonic transducer subarrays receives a first electric signal, and the other ultrasonic transducer subarray receives a second electric signal.
Wherein, the adjacent two ultrasonic transducer sub-arrays are the first ultrasonic transducer sub-array and the second ultrasonic transducer sub-array as described in the first embodiment, respectively, and the related description of the ultrasonic transducer arrays refers to the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated herein.
S2, one ultrasonic transducer sub-array emits a first ultrasonic beam under the action of a corresponding first electric signal, the other ultrasonic transducer sub-array emits a second ultrasonic beam under the action of a corresponding second electric signal, the first ultrasonic beam and the second ultrasonic beam are intersected and converged to form an ultrasonic intersection area, and ultrasonic waves of different sounding frequency bands of the ultrasonic intersection area are self-demodulated to form difference frequency audible sound under the action of air.
The first electrical signal or the second electrical signal may include an ac electrical signal, or may include both an ac electrical signal and a dc electrical signal. The specific process of converting an electrical signal into an ultrasonic signal by the ultrasonic transducer of this embodiment is the same as that of the prior art, and will not be further described herein.
Example IV
The present embodiment further provides a directional sound generating device, where the directional sound generating device includes an ultrasonic transducer array as in the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and is configured to execute a directional sound generating control method as in the third embodiment, where a difference frequency audible sound area formed by the directional sound generating device has a relatively high directivity and a short propagation distance, so that sound generating privacy in an application scenario can be effectively improved.
The directional sound generating device is one of a single-sided directional sound generating speaker, a double-sided directional sound generating speaker, a single-sided directional sound generating screen and a double-sided directional sound generating screen. The directional sound generating device is a double-sided directional sound generating screen, and comprises a double-sided display screen and two ultrasonic transducer arrays respectively integrated on two opposite display surfaces of the double-sided display screen. The specific structure of the ultrasonic transducer array is described with reference to the first or second embodiment.
The directional sounding device provided by the embodiment realizes directional sounding by integrating the ultrasonic transducer array in the existing device, and effectively realizes the privacy of sounding of the directional sounding device.
All the above optional technical solutions may be combined to form an optional embodiment of the present invention, and any multiple embodiments may be combined, so as to obtain requirements for coping with different application scenarios, which are all within the scope of protection of the present application, and are not described in detail herein.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The ultrasonic transducer array is characterized by comprising at least two ultrasonic transducer subarrays which are arranged at intervals, sound-producing frequency ranges of ultrasonic waves emitted by any two adjacent ultrasonic transducer subarrays are different, sound-producing areas of any two adjacent ultrasonic transducer subarrays are intersected to form an ultrasonic intersection area, the ultrasonic intersection area is positioned in the whole sound source radiation area of the ultrasonic transducer array, and the ultrasonic waves of different sound-producing frequency ranges of the ultrasonic intersection area are self-demodulated to form difference frequency audible sound under the action of air;
the interval between any two adjacent ultrasonic transducer subarrays is not more than 0.2m; the distance between the center point of the connecting line formed by the two ears of the corresponding audio receiver and the sound emitting surface of the ultrasonic transducer array is not more than 2m.
2. The ultrasound transducer array of claim 1, wherein the at least two ultrasound transducer sub-arrays are formed by dividing one ultrasound transducer array or are provided separately.
3. The ultrasound transducer array of claim 1, wherein the sound emitting faces of the at least two ultrasound transducer sub-arrays lie in the same plane.
4. The ultrasound transducer array of claim 1, wherein the ultrasound transducer array has a width in a horizontal direction parallel to both ears of the respective audio receiver of no more than 1.5m.
5. The ultrasound transducer array of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the at least two ultrasound transducer sub-arrays are arranged regularly or in a different shape.
6. The ultrasound transducer array of claim 5, wherein the at least two ultrasound transducer subarrays form a one-dimensional or two-dimensional array arrangement, or form an annular array arrangement.
7. A directional sounding control method applied to an ultrasonic transducer array as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, the method comprising:
one of the adjacent two ultrasonic transducer subarrays receives the first electrical signal, and the other ultrasonic transducer subarray receives the second electrical signal;
one of the ultrasonic transducer sub-arrays emits a first ultrasonic beam under the action of the corresponding first electric signal, the other ultrasonic transducer sub-array emits a second ultrasonic beam under the action of the corresponding second electric signal, the first ultrasonic beam and the second ultrasonic beam are intersected and converged to form an ultrasonic intersection area, and ultrasonic waves of different sound emission frequency bands of the ultrasonic intersection area are self-demodulated to form difference frequency audible sound under the action of air.
8. A directional sound generating apparatus comprising an ultrasound transducer array as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.
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