CN115872660A - Foaming agent, porous light non-sintered ceramsite and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Foaming agent, porous light non-sintered ceramsite and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of non-sintered ceramsite, and particularly relates to a foaming agent, porous light non-sintered ceramsite and a preparation method thereof. The foaming agent comprises sodium bicarbonate, a thickening agent, oxalic acid and an alkali activator. The preparation method of the foaming agent comprises the following steps: mixing sodium bicarbonate, a thickening agent and an alkali activator, adding water, and stirring to obtain a mixture; oxalic acid was added to the mixture and stirred, followed by sealing to form a foam. The porous light non-sintered ceramsite comprises a foaming agent and a ceramsite base material. The preparation method of the porous light non-sintered ceramsite comprises the following steps: mixing sodium bicarbonate, a thickening agent and an alkali activator, adding water, stirring, adding oxalic acid to form foam, mixing the dedusting ash, cement, a waterproofing agent and the foam, granulating, and spraying water for natural curing. The invention does not need high-temperature calcination, has simple process, low bulk density and high compressive strength of the obtained ceramsite, meets the compressive strength requirement under the conventional application environment, and has wide application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of non-sintered ceramsite, and in particular relates to a foaming agent, porous light non-sintered ceramsite and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The light haydite is made up by using clay or flyash and biological sludge as main raw material through high-temp. roasting and puffing, and can be used as light aggregate, and features low density, high strength, high water absorption, thermal insulation, fire-proofing and shock-proofing properties, and can be used as water-treating filtering material, adsorbent and permeable pavement material, and can be used as culture medium for soilless culture in agriculture and gardens, and as building material raw material for bridge deck and hollow building block.
The production process is divided into two types of sintering and baking-free. The porous light ceramsite is a material widely applied, and the traditional preparation method of the porous light ceramsite comprises a pore agent method and a foaming method. The pore agent method is mainly used for sintering the ceramsite, the pore-forming agents such as coal powder and starch are added in the preparation process of the ceramsite, pores are left after the pore-forming agents are fired in the high-temperature sintering process of the ceramsite to form a porous structure, the size of the pores mainly depends on the granularity of the pore-forming agents, and the porosity depends on the addition amount of the pore-forming agents. The foaming method is mainly used for baking-free ceramsite, the foaming agent is added in the preparation process of the ceramsite, bubbles are gradually generated in the molding and curing process of the ceramsite, a porous structure is formed after drying, the size and porosity of the pores depend on the type and addition amount of the foaming agent, and in the method, gas is generated to form pores after the ceramsite is molded, so that the structure of the ceramsite is damaged by the pores, the strength of the ceramsite is low, and the applicability is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a foaming agent, porous light non-sintered ceramsite and a preparation method thereof.
On one hand, the invention provides a preparation method of a foaming agent, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 to 15 portions of sodium bicarbonate, 3 to 4 portions of thickening agent, 8 to 10 portions of oxalic acid and 5 to 6 portions of alkali activator.
The preparation method of the foaming agent comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing sodium bicarbonate, a thickening agent and an alkali activator, adding water, and stirring to obtain a mixture;
and S2, adding oxalic acid into the mixture in the step S1, stirring, and then sealing to form foam.
Further, the thickening agent comprises one or two of rubber powder and acrylamide.
Further, the alkali-activator is water glass.
Further, in the step S1, the mixing time is 60-90S, the water adding stirring speed is 800-1200 rmp, and the water adding stirring time is 280-320S.
Further, in the step S2, the stirring speed is 1400-1600 rmp after the oxalic acid is added, the stirring time is 60-90S, and the sealing time is 10-15 min after the stirring.
On the other hand, the invention also provides porous light non-sintered ceramsite and a preparation method thereof, wherein the porous light non-sintered ceramsite comprises the following raw materials: foaming agent and ceramsite base material; the ceramsite base material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300-500 parts of dedusting ash, 80-150 parts of cement and 2-5 parts of a waterproof agent; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
mixing the mixture of the fly ash, the cement and the waterproof agent with the foamed foaming agent, adding water accounting for 18-21% of the weight of the mixture for granulation, and spraying water for natural curing to obtain the finished product of the porous light ceramsite.
Further, the dedusting ash is a mixture of casting ash and regenerated ash, and the mass ratio of the dedusting ash to the regenerated ash is 1:1 to 2:1.
further, the water repellent is an inorganic aluminum salt.
Furthermore, the particle size of the porous light non-sintered ceramsite is 3-8 mm, the compressive strength is more than or equal to 5MPa, the bulk density is more than or equal to 0.4kg/L and more than or equal to 0.9kg/L, the water absorption is less than or equal to 30 percent, and the porosity is more than or equal to 30 percent.
Further, the mixing time is 100 to 150 seconds.
The invention has the remarkable advantages that:
(1) The porous light non-sintered ceramsite prepared by the invention is characterized in that the preparation steps are controlled, and the step of preparing foam to form air holes is arranged before the ceramsite is molded, so that the structure of the ceramsite is effectively prevented from being damaged by air bubbles.
(2) The porous light non-sintered ceramsite prepared by the invention can realize the adjustment of the porosity by changing the volume ratio of the foam to the ceramsite base material, and the adjustment is flexible and simple.
(3) The porous light-weight unfired ceramsite prepared by the invention uses the gas generation combination of the sodium bicarbonate, the thickening agent and the oxalic acid, can control the gas generation speed within a reasonable range, prevents the bubble from breaking and losing caused by violent reaction, improves the gas generation efficiency, and simultaneously can improve the strength of foam by the thickening agent.
(4) The porous light non-sintered ceramsite prepared by the invention does not need high-temperature calcination, has a simple process, is low in bulk density and high in compressive strength, meets the compressive strength requirement under the conventional application environment, and is wide in application range.
Detailed Description
The specific embodiment provides a foaming agent and a preparation method thereof, wherein the raw materials of the foaming agent comprise sodium bicarbonate, a thickening agent, oxalic acid and an alkali activator. The gas generating combination of the sodium bicarbonate, the thickening agent and the oxalic acid can control the gas generating speed within a reasonable range, prevent the bubble rupture loss caused by violent reaction, improve the gas generating efficiency, and simultaneously the thickening agent can improve the strength of foam; the foaming agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12-15 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 3-4 parts of thickening agent, 8-10 parts of oxalic acid and 5-6 parts of alkali activator; the thickening agent comprises one or two of rubber powder and acrylamide; the alkali activator is water glass; the preparation method of the foaming agent comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing sodium bicarbonate, a thickening agent and an alkali activator, and adding water to stir to obtain a mixture; the mixing time is 60-90 s, the water adding stirring speed is 800-1200 rmp, and the water adding stirring time is 280-320 s;
s2, adding oxalic acid into the mixture obtained in the step S1, stirring, and then sealing to form foam; the stirring speed is 1400-1600 rmp after the oxalic acid is added, the stirring time is 60-90 s, and the sealing time is 10-15 min after the stirring.
The specific embodiment also provides the porous light non-fired ceramsite and the preparation method thereof, wherein the raw materials of the porous light non-fired ceramsite comprise a foaming agent and a ceramsite base material; the porous light non-fired ceramsite base material comprises dedusting ash, cement and a waterproof agent; the porous light non-sintered ceramsite base material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300-500 parts of dedusting ash, 80-150 parts of cement and 2-5 parts of a waterproof agent; the dust removal ash in the proportion is a mixture of casting ash and regenerated ash; the weight ratio of the casting ash to the regenerated ash is 1:1 to 2:1; the waterproof agent is inorganic aluminum salt; the porous light non-sintered ceramsite has the particle size of 3-8 mm, the compressive strength of more than or equal to 5MPa, the bulk density of more than or equal to 0.4kg/L of more than or equal to 0.9kg/L, the water absorption of less than or equal to 30 percent, the porosity of more than or equal to 30 percent, low density and high compressive strength. The preparation method of the porous light non-sintered ceramsite comprises the following steps:
mixing the mixture of the fly ash, the cement and the waterproof agent with foam, adding water accounting for 18-21% of the weight of the mixture for granulation, and spraying water for natural curing to obtain a porous light ceramsite finished product; the mixing time is 100-150 s.
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The porous light non-sintered ceramsite comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200g of casting ash, 200g of regeneration ash, 115g of cement and 3.5g of inorganic aluminum salt; foaming agent: 13.5g of sodium bicarbonate, 1.75g of rubber powder, 1.75g of acrylamide, 9g of oxalic acid and 5.5g of water glass.
The porous light non-sintered ceramsite in the embodiment is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Weighing sodium bicarbonate, rubber powder, acrylamide and water glass, stirring for 90s, uniformly mixing, adding water into a mixer with the stirring speed of 1000rmp, and stirring for 300s;
(2) Weighing oxalic acid, adding the oxalic acid into the mixture obtained in the step (1), quickly stirring for 80s at the rotating speed of 1500rmp, and sealing for 10-15 min to form foam;
(3) Weighing casting ash, regenerated ash, cement and inorganic aluminum salt, stirring for 140s, uniformly mixing, putting the mixture of the foam obtained in the step (2) and the ceramsite base material into a granulator, stirring for 120s, uniformly mixing, and adding water accounting for 20% of the weight of the mixture for granulation;
(4) And (4) spraying water after the mixture is taken out of the pot, and naturally curing for seven days to obtain the porous light non-fired ceramsite finished product.
Example 2
The porous light non-sintered ceramsite comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 250g of casting ash, 250g of regenerated ash, 150g of cement and 5g of inorganic aluminum salt; foaming agent: 15g of sodium bicarbonate, 2g of rubber powder, 2g of acrylamide, 10g of oxalic acid and 6g of water glass.
The porous light non-sintered ceramsite in the embodiment is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Weighing sodium bicarbonate, rubber powder, acrylamide and water glass, stirring for 90s, uniformly mixing, adding water into a mixer with the stirring speed of 1000rmp, and stirring for 300s;
(2) Weighing oxalic acid, adding the oxalic acid into the mixture in the step (1), quickly stirring for 80s at the rotating speed of 1500rmp, and sealing for 10-15 min to form foam;
(3) Weighing casting ash, regenerated ash, cement and inorganic aluminum salt, stirring for 140s, uniformly mixing, putting the mixture of the foam obtained in the step (2) and the ceramsite base material into a granulator, stirring for 120s, uniformly mixing, and adding water accounting for 20% of the weight of the mixture for granulation;
(4) And (4) spraying water after the mixture is taken out of the pot, and naturally curing for seven days to obtain the porous light non-fired ceramsite finished product.
Example 3
The porous light non-sintered haydite is prepared with the materials in certain weight proportion as the base material: 150g of casting ash, 150g of regeneration ash, 80g of cement and 2g of inorganic aluminum salt; foaming agent: 12g of sodium bicarbonate, 1.5g of rubber powder, 1.5g of acrylamide, 8g of oxalic acid and 5g of water glass.
The porous light non-sintered ceramsite in the embodiment is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Weighing sodium bicarbonate, rubber powder, acrylamide and water glass, stirring for 90s, uniformly mixing, adding water into a mixer with the stirring speed of 1000rmp, and stirring for 300s;
(2) Weighing oxalic acid, adding the oxalic acid into the mixture in the step (1), quickly stirring for 80s at the rotating speed of 1500rmp, and sealing for 10-15 min to form foam;
(3) Weighing casting ash, regenerated ash, cement and inorganic aluminum salt, stirring for 140s, uniformly mixing, putting the mixture of the foam obtained in the step (2) and the ceramsite base material into a granulator, stirring for 120s, uniformly mixing, and adding water accounting for 20% of the weight of the mixture for granulation;
(4) And (4) spraying water after the mixture is taken out of the pot, and naturally curing for seven days to obtain the porous light non-fired ceramsite finished product.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example prepares for performance comparison by adding industrial aluminum ore powder as a comparative sample. In the comparative example, the raw materials are mixed according to the parts by weight in example 1, wherein the ceramsite base material comprises: 200g of casting ash, 200g of regeneration ash, 115g of cement, 3.5g of inorganic aluminum salt and 30g of industrial aluminum ore powder.
The porous light non-sintered ceramsite in the embodiment is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Weighing casting ash, regenerated ash, cement and inorganic aluminum salt, stirring for 140s, and uniformly mixing;
(2) Putting the mixture obtained in the step (1) into a granulator, stirring for 120s, uniformly mixing, adding water and an air entraining agent which account for 20% of the weight of the mixture, and granulating;
(3) And (4) after taking out of the pot, spraying water and naturally curing for seven days to obtain a porous light non-fired ceramsite finished product.
Comparative example 2
The present comparative example prepares a lack of casting ash as a comparative sample for comparison. In the comparative example, the raw materials are mixed according to the parts by weight in example 1, wherein the ceramsite base material comprises: 400g of regenerated ash, 115g of cement and 3.5g of inorganic aluminum salt; foaming agent: 13.5g of sodium bicarbonate, 1.75g of rubber powder, 1.75g of acrylamide, 9g of oxalic acid and 5.5g of water glass.
(1) Weighing sodium bicarbonate, rubber powder, acrylamide and water glass, stirring for 90s, uniformly mixing, adding water into a mixer with the stirring speed of 1000rmp, and stirring for 300s;
(2) Weighing oxalic acid, adding the oxalic acid into the mixture in the step (1), quickly stirring for 80s at the rotating speed of 1500rmp, and sealing for 10-15 min to form foam;
(3) Weighing the regenerated ash, cement and inorganic aluminum salt, stirring for 140s, uniformly mixing, putting the mixture of the foam obtained in the step (2) and the ceramsite base material into a granulator, stirring for 120s, uniformly mixing, and adding water accounting for 20% of the weight of the mixture for granulation;
(4) And (4) after taking out of the pot, spraying water and naturally curing for seven days to obtain a porous light non-fired ceramsite finished product.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example prepares a missing cement as a comparative sample for comparison. In the comparative example, the raw materials are mixed according to the parts by weight in example 1, wherein the ceramsite base material comprises: 200g of manufactured ash, 200g of regenerated ash and 3.5g of inorganic aluminum salt; foaming agent: 13.5g of sodium bicarbonate, 1.75g of rubber powder, 1.75g of acrylamide, 9g of oxalic acid and 5.5g of water glass.
(1) Weighing sodium bicarbonate, rubber powder, acrylamide and water glass, stirring for 90s, uniformly mixing, adding water into a mixer with the stirring speed of 1000rmp, and stirring for 300s;
(2) Weighing oxalic acid, adding the oxalic acid into the mixture obtained in the step (1), quickly stirring for 80s at the rotating speed of 1500rmp, and sealing for 10-15 min to form foam;
(3) Weighing casting ash, regeneration ash and inorganic aluminum salt, stirring for 140s, uniformly mixing, putting the mixture of the foam obtained in the step (2) and the ceramsite base material into a granulator according to 2 times of porosity, stirring for 120s, uniformly mixing, and adding water accounting for 20% of the weight of the mixture for granulation;
(4) And (4) spraying water after the mixture is taken out of the pot, and naturally curing for seven days to obtain the porous light non-fired ceramsite finished product.
The relevant performance of the ceramsite of the examples and the ceramsite of the comparative examples are detected, and the detection results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 ceramsite's relevant Performance parameters
| Detecting items | Yield of finished products | Compressive strength | Bulk density | Water absorption rate | Porosity of the material |
| Example 1 | 98％ | 5.9MPa | 0.8kg/L | 25％ | 45％ |
| Example 2 | 99％ | 5.8MPa | 0.75kg/L | 26％ | 48％ |
| Example 3 | 97％ | 6.1MPa | 0.9kg/L | 23％ | 42％ |
| Comparative example 1 | 70％ | 2.6MPa | 0.5kg/L | 18％ | 35％ |
| Comparative example 2 | 80％ | 3.5MPa | 0.8kg/L | 15％ | 27％ |
| Comparative example 3 | 50％ | 2.2MPa | 0.5kg/L | 15％ | 25％ |
Comparing experimental data of examples 1 to 3 with experimental data of comparative examples 1 to 3, it can be seen that: the novel water-retaining ceramsite prepared by the invention has an obvious water-retaining effect on the premise of ensuring the yield.
The present invention has been further described with reference to specific embodiments, but it should be understood that the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the spirit and scope of the present invention, and various modifications made to the above-described embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art after reading this specification are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The foaming agent is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 to 15 portions of sodium bicarbonate, 3 to 4 portions of thickening agent, 8 to 10 portions of oxalic acid and 5 to 6 portions of alkali activator.
2. The foaming agent of claim 1, wherein the thickener comprises one or both of a rubber powder and acrylamide; and/or the alkali activator is water glass.
3. Method for the preparation of a blowing agent according to any of claims 1-2, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing sodium bicarbonate, a thickening agent and an alkali activator, adding 100 parts of water, and stirring to obtain a mixture;
and S2, adding oxalic acid into the mixture in the step S1, stirring, and then sealing to form foam.
4. The method for producing a blowing agent according to claim 3, wherein in step S1, the mixing time is 60 to 90 seconds, the water-adding stirring rotation speed is 800 to 1200rmp, and the water-adding stirring time is 280 to 320 seconds; and/or in step S2, the stirring speed is 1400-1600 rmp after the oxalic acid is added, the stirring time is 60-90S, and the sealing time is 10-15 min after the stirring.
5. The porous light non-sintered ceramsite is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: the foaming agent and the ceramsite substrate according to any one of claims 1-2.
6. The porous light non-fired ceramsite as recited in claim 5, wherein said ceramsite matrix comprises the following components in parts by weight: 300-500 parts of dedusting ash, 80-150 parts of cement and 2-5 parts of a waterproof agent.
7. The porous light non-sintered ceramsite of claim 6, wherein said fly ash is a mixture of casting ash and regenerated ash; preferably, the mass ratio of the casting ash to the regenerated ash is 1:1 to 2:1; and/or the waterproof agent is inorganic aluminum salt.
8. The porous light non-fired ceramsite according to any one of claims 5-7, wherein the porous light non-fired ceramsite has a particle size of 3-8 mm, a compressive strength of not less than 5MPa, a bulk density of not less than 0.4kg/L at 0.9kg/L, a water absorption of not more than 30% and a porosity of not less than 30%.
9. The preparation method of the porous light non-sintered ceramsite as set forth in any one of claims 5-8, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
and mixing the mixture of the fly ash, the cement and the waterproof agent with the foamed foaming agent, adding water accounting for 18-21% of the weight of the mixture for granulation, and spraying water for natural curing to obtain the finished product of the porous light ceramsite.
10. The method for preparing porous light non-sintered ceramsite according to claim 9, wherein the mixing time is 100-150 s.
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2022
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