CN115864541A - Capacity optimization configuration method and device for multi-pumped storage power station - Google Patents
Capacity optimization configuration method and device for multi-pumped storage power station Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-pumped storage power station capacity optimal configuration method, a device, equipment and a storage medium. The invention solves the problems of resource waste and poor configuration caused by lack of unified scheduling of a plurality of small and medium-sized pumped storage power stations in the prior art, can lead each unit of the multi-region small and medium-sized pumped storage power station to be uniformly allocated and managed, realizes optimized configuration and stable operation, can improve the flexibility and stability of operation of a power grid system, and promotes the capacity optimized configuration and power generation internet access of the small and medium-sized pumped storage power stations.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optimal configuration of power stations, in particular to a method, a device, equipment and a storage medium for optimal configuration of capacity of a multi-pumped storage power station.
Background
Some provinces are deficient in primary energy, the existing power supply structure still takes coal power as a main part, under the background of 'double carbon', the construction space of the coal power is greatly reduced in the future, and the scale of nuclear power, western power, new energy power generation and the like is further increased. With the development and utilization of distributed energy and the development of smart power grids, distributed energy storage becomes a new development trend, and distributed pumped storage becomes a technology worthy of wide popularization. The pumped storage power station with the total storage capacity of less than 1 billion cubic meters and the installed capacity of less than 30 ten-thousand kilowatts for the medium and small-sized reservoirs has lower requirements on the power transmission line and has the advantages of flexible engineering position, less investment and quick response. The medium and small-sized pumped storage power station can realize advantage complementation with large-sized pumped storage, can independently coordinate various distributed power supplies, solves the problems of output fluctuation, output limitation and the like of distributed energy, relieves local power grid blockage, and simultaneously provides support as regional disaster resistance guarantee.
The operation mode of the pumped storage power station is determined by the requirement of a power system, and the requirement of the power system determines the operation mode of a reservoir. The system comprises an upper warehouse adjusting storage capacity and a lower warehouse adjusting storage capacity, wherein part of the lower warehouse is used for water supply regulation and storage by water departments in a scheduling mode, and the rest of the storage capacities are matched with the upper warehouse. The power station is directly controlled by a power dispatching center, the power station is normally operated in daily regulation, peak and valley regulation, frequency and phase regulation, rotary standby operation and accident standby are performed according to the change condition of daily load, generally, the power generation working capacity is mainly concentrated at the peak position of daily load, namely 10-12 am and 15-22 pm every day, and the water pumping working capacity is concentrated at the valley position, namely 1-8 pm every day. Except for emergency, the water pumping and the power generation are circulated once a day.
The pumped storage power station is a special power supply with various functions of peak regulation, valley filling, frequency modulation, phase modulation, emergency standby and the like, has the characteristics of flexible operation and quick response, and has important effects on ensuring the safety, stability and economic operation of a power system. The power station unit is essentially a water turbine generator unit which can be used for pumping water and generating power. When the power consumption of the power grid is at a low valley value, redundant electric energy is used for pumping water, namely water in a lower reservoir is pumped to an upper reservoir for power generation at a power consumption peak of the power grid, water resources are fully utilized, and the effect of storing electric power is achieved. This process is a process in which electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy of water, which is then converted into electrical energy. The pumped storage generator set generally comprises an underground plant, an upper reservoir and a lower reservoir. With the development of economy and the improvement of the living standard of people, the feasibility and the safety requirements on the operation of the power system are continuously improved. Because the electricity consumption 24 hours a day is determined to be unbalanced by social production and life laws, and the electricity shortage phenomenon is solved by a power system by using a peak regulation means, a capacity optimal configuration method for a multi-region small and medium-sized pumped storage power station is urgently needed to meet the requirements of safety, stability and economic operation of a power grid.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method, a device, equipment and a storage medium for optimal configuration of capacity of a multi-pumped storage power station, so as to solve the technical problems, thereby solving the problems of insufficient power supply or resource waste caused by difficulty in reasonably configuring the power generation capacity of each storage power station when a multi-region pumped storage power station supplies power simultaneously in a power system through optimal configuration.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a capacity optimization configuration method for a multi-pumped storage power station, which comprises the following steps:
dividing and sequencing a plurality of pumped storage power stations in a target area according to installed capacity, determining a main power station and a configuration power station participating in configuration based on the sequenced pumped storage power stations, respectively matching weights according to the maximum total output of water turbines of the pumped storage power stations, and respectively connecting control systems of the configuration power stations into a control system of the main power station according to the configured weights;
acquiring basic parameters of each pumped storage power station in each preset time period in the day at regular time, and transmitting the basic parameters of each pumped storage power station to a control system of a main power station;
establishing a data model of the power which can be output by the generator of each pumped storage power station by combining the decision variables of the basic parameters of each pumped storage power station in each preset time period of the day;
performing optimization processing by using a multi-objective optimization algorithm according to each established data model, establishing a multi-objective optimization model, and determining an objective function of an optimization equation of the multi-objective optimization model;
determining boundary conditions for an objective function of the optimization equation according to the acquired state information and total output requirements of each pumped storage power station and preset constraint conditions, solving the optimization equation to obtain output distribution parameters of each pumped storage power station, and performing capacity optimization configuration by the control system of the main power station based on the output distribution parameters of each pumped storage power station.
Further, the obtaining manner of the total output requirement includes:
and acquiring the state information of each allocated power distribution station, and determining the total output requirement of all pumped storage power stations according to the real-time output of each pumped storage power station and the actual load of the power grid.
Further, the establishing of the data model of the power generator output power of each pumped storage power station by combining the decision variables of the basic parameters of each pumped storage power station in each preset time period of the day includes:
establishing a reservoir water level, reservoir capacity relation curve, downstream tail water level and flow relation curve of each allocation power station and each main power station based on basic data of each pumped storage power station, and establishing a combined dispatching model of the allocation power stations and the main power stations by taking the maximum generated energy of each allocation power station as a target function based on the obtained guaranteed output, section discharge flow, guarantee rate, water balance equation of each reservoir and water storage level limit of each allocation power station as constraint conditions.
Further, the optimizing process is performed by using a multi-objective optimization algorithm according to each established data model, a multi-objective optimization model is established, and an objective function of an optimization equation of the multi-objective optimization model is determined, including:
and calculating and analyzing the joint optimization scheduling track of the power distribution station, and determining an optimal strategy and an optimal track which meet constraint conditions as scheduling target values by adopting a discrete differential dynamic programming algorithm.
Further, in the multi-objective optimization model, when the pumped storage power station has a large water head change in the same-time falling process, the output power change of the water pump turbine corresponding to each power distribution station in the power generation output model is increased, and under the condition that the total output power is not changed, the output power of the water pump turbine corresponding to the control system of the main power station is increased along with the decrease of the output power of each power distribution station, so that the output power is kept relatively balanced.
Further, the capacity optimization configuration performed by the control system of the main power station based on the output distribution parameters of the pumped-storage power stations includes:
through the control system of main power station controls respectively each allotment power station's hydraulic turbine water conservancy diversion tunnel, specifically includes: the method comprises the following steps that a main power station control system respectively measures daily average reservoir water levels of an upper reservoir and a lower reservoir of each allocation power station and daily average tail water levels of the lower reservoir through a water level sensor, measures downward discharge flow of each reservoir through an ultrasonic flowmeter, and respectively determines flood level values, water supply limit upper limit water levels, water supply limit lower limit water levels and dead water level values of the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir of each allocation power station and the main power station; wherein, the front end of the upper storehouse diversion tunnel of each allocation power station is respectively provided with a gate, the rear end of each diversion tunnel is communicated with the confluence channel, and a water delivery channel between each confluence channel and the lower storehouse thereof is provided with a water pump turbine.
Further, the capacity optimization configuration is performed by the control system of the main power station based on the output distribution parameters of the pumped storage power stations, and the capacity optimization configuration further includes:
and (3) placing the upper reservoir of each distribution power station to the lower reservoir layer by adopting a layering calculation method, respectively calculating the average water head and the generated energy of each layer according to the water level change conditions of each distribution power station, the main power station and the lower reservoir until the distribution power station and the main power station reach the dead water level, and storing water in the lower reservoir from the dead water level.
The invention also provides a capacity optimal configuration device of the multi-pumped storage power station, which comprises the following steps:
the system comprises a dispatching access module, a main power station and dispatching power stations participating in configuration, wherein the dispatching access module is used for dividing and sequencing a plurality of pumped storage power stations in a target area according to installed capacity, determining the main power station and the dispatching power stations participating in configuration based on the sequenced pumped storage power stations, respectively matching weights with the maximum total output of water turbines of the pumped storage power stations, and respectively accessing control systems of the dispatching power stations into a control system of the main power station according to the configured weights;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the basic parameters of each pumped storage power station in each preset time period on the day in a timing mode and transmitting the basic parameters of each pumped storage power station to the control system of the main power station;
the data model establishing module is used for establishing a data model of the power which can be output by the generator of each pumped storage power station by combining the decision variables of the basic parameters of each pumped storage power station in each preset time period in the day;
the optimization model establishing module is used for performing optimization processing by using a multi-objective optimization algorithm according to each established data model, establishing a multi-objective optimization model and determining an objective function of an optimization equation of the multi-objective optimization model;
and the optimization configuration module is used for determining boundary conditions for an objective function of the optimization equation according to the acquired state information and total output requirements of the pumped storage power stations and preset constraint conditions, solving the optimization equation to obtain output distribution parameters of the pumped storage power stations, and performing capacity optimization configuration by the control system of the main power station based on the output distribution parameters of the pumped storage power stations.
The invention also provides terminal equipment which comprises a processor and a memory for storing computer programs, wherein the processor realizes any one of the multi-pumped storage power station capacity optimal configuration methods when executing the computer programs.
The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the methods for optimized configuration of capacity for a multi-pumped storage power plant.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a multi-pumped storage power station capacity optimal configuration method, a device, equipment and a storage medium, which comprises the steps of firstly dividing and sequencing a plurality of pumped storage power stations in a region according to installed capacity, constructing a multi-region small and medium-sized pumped storage power station networking and control system, secondly acquiring information of each pumped storage power station through various sensors and detectors, then establishing a pumped storage unit data model of each power station and optimally configuring multiple models, and finally performing optimal scheduling and analysis and realizing remote monitoring. The invention solves the problems of resource waste and poor configuration caused by lack of unified scheduling of a plurality of small and medium-sized pumped storage power stations in the prior art, can lead each unit of the multi-region small and medium-sized pumped storage power station to be uniformly allocated and managed, realizes optimized configuration and stable operation, can improve the flexibility and stability of operation of a power grid system, and promotes the capacity optimized configuration and power generation internet access of the small and medium-sized pumped storage power stations.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a capacity optimization configuration method for a multi-pumped storage power station provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic flow chart of the capacity optimization configuration method for a multi-pumped storage power station according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the control relationship between the main control system and each energy storage power station provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a remote control system according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a capacity optimization configuration device of a multi-pumped storage power station provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for optimally configuring capacity of a multi-pumped storage power station, which may include the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps that S1, a plurality of pumped storage power stations in a target area are divided and sequenced according to installed capacity, a main power station and a distribution power station participating in configuration are determined based on the sequenced pumped storage power stations, weights are respectively matched according to the maximum total output of water turbines of the pumped storage power stations, and control systems of the distribution power stations are respectively connected to a control system of the main power station according to the configured weights;
s2, acquiring basic parameters of each pumped storage power station in each preset time period on the day at regular time, and transmitting the basic parameters of each pumped storage power station to a control system of the main power station;
s3, establishing a data model of the power which can be output by the generator of each pumped storage power station by combining the decision variables of the basic parameters of each pumped storage power station in each preset time period in the day;
s4, performing optimization processing by using a multi-objective optimization algorithm according to the established data models, establishing a multi-objective optimization model, and determining an objective function of an optimization equation of the multi-objective optimization model;
and S5, determining boundary conditions for an objective function of the optimization equation according to the acquired state information and total output requirements of the pumped storage power stations and preset constraint conditions, solving the optimization equation to obtain output distribution parameters of the pumped storage power stations, and performing capacity optimization configuration by the control system of the main power station based on the output distribution parameters of the pumped storage power stations.
In the embodiment of the present invention, further, the obtaining manner of the total output requirement includes:
and acquiring the state information of each allocated power station, and determining the total output requirement of all pumped storage power stations according to the real-time output of each pumped storage power station and the actual load of the power grid.
In an embodiment of the present invention, further, the establishing a data model of the power that can be output by the generator of each pumped-storage power station according to the decision variables of the basic parameters of each pumped-storage power station in each preset time period of the day includes:
establishing a reservoir water level, reservoir capacity relation curve, downstream tail water level and flow relation curve of each allocation power station and each main power station based on basic data of each pumped storage power station, and establishing a combined dispatching model of the allocation power stations and the main power stations by taking the maximum generated energy of each allocation power station as a target function based on the obtained guaranteed output, section discharge flow, guarantee rate, water balance equation of each reservoir and water storage level limit of each allocation power station as constraint conditions.
In this embodiment of the present invention, further, the performing optimization processing by using a multi-objective optimization algorithm according to each established data model, establishing a multi-objective optimization model, and determining an objective function of an optimization equation of the multi-objective optimization model includes:
and calculating and analyzing the joint optimization scheduling track of the power distribution station, and determining an optimal strategy and an optimal track which meet constraint conditions as scheduling target values by adopting a discrete differential dynamic programming algorithm.
In the embodiment of the invention, further, in the multi-objective optimization model, when the pumped storage power station has a large head change in the same-time falling process, the output power change of the water pump turbine corresponding to each power distribution station in the power generation output model is increased, and under the condition that the total output power is not changed, the output power of the water pump turbine corresponding to the control system of the main power station is increased along with the decrease of the output power of each power distribution station, so that the output power is kept relatively balanced.
In an embodiment of the present invention, further, the performing, by the control system of the main power station, capacity optimization configuration based on the output allocation parameters of each pumped-storage power station includes:
through the control system of main power station controls respectively each allotment power station's hydraulic turbine water conservancy diversion tunnel, specifically includes: the method comprises the following steps that a main power station control system respectively measures daily average reservoir water levels of an upper reservoir and a lower reservoir of each allocation power station and daily average tail water levels of the lower reservoir through a water level sensor, measures lower discharge flow of each reservoir through an ultrasonic flowmeter, respectively determines flood level values, water supply limit upper limit water levels, water supply limit lower limit water levels and dead water level values of the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir of each allocation power station and the main power station, and when water head change is large in a multi-power-station falling process, the control system of the main power station controls opening and closing states and degree of corresponding gates of upper reservoir diversion tunnels of each allocation power station; wherein, the front end of the upper storehouse diversion tunnel of each allocation power station is respectively provided with a gate, the rear end of each diversion tunnel is communicated with the confluence channel, and a water delivery channel between each confluence channel and the lower storehouse thereof is provided with a water pump turbine.
In an embodiment of the present invention, further, the performing, by the control system of the main power station, capacity optimization configuration based on the output allocation parameters of each pumped-storage power station further includes:
and (3) placing the upper reservoir of each distribution power station to the lower reservoir layer by adopting a layering calculation method, respectively calculating the average water head and the generated energy of each layer according to the water level change conditions of each distribution power station, the main power station and the lower reservoir until the distribution power station and the main power station reach the dead water level, and storing water in the lower reservoir from the dead water level.
The embodiment of the invention solves the problems of resource waste and poor configuration caused by lack of unified scheduling of a plurality of small and medium-sized pumped storage power stations. According to the method, after primary and secondary distribution is carried out according to the weight of the multi-region small and medium pumped storage power station, the constraint conditions such as the output constraint condition of the main power station in the multi-region small and medium pumped storage power station and the operation requirements of the units of a plurality of allocation power stations are taken into comprehensive consideration as the boundary conditions of the optimization equation, so that the units of the multi-region small and medium pumped storage power station can be uniformly allocated and managed, the optimal allocation and stable operation can be realized, the operation flexibility and stability of a power grid system can be improved, and the capacity optimal allocation and power generation internet access of the small and medium pumped storage power station can be promoted.
Referring to fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention can be specifically realized by the following steps:
step 1, dividing and sequencing a plurality of small and medium-sized pumped storage power stations according to installed capacity in an area, taking a power station with the largest installed capacity or a designated power station as a main power station, taking the rest of the participating configuration power stations as deployment power stations, respectively matching weights according to the maximum total output Pm of each water turbine of each power station, and respectively accessing a control system of each deployment power station into a control system of the main power station.
Step 2: and monitoring the effective storage capacity, the unit operation, the upper and lower reservoir parameters, the water pump parameters, the water turbine parameters, the maintenance plan and the like of each pumped storage power station at each time t in the current day in real time or at regular time, and uniformly transmitting the parameters to the main power station control system.
And 3, step 3: pumped storage models of each power station: and calculating a data model of the power Pw (t) which can be output by the generator of each pumped storage power station in each time period t in the current day by combining the decision variables of the parameters in each time period t.
And 4, step 4: and performing optimization processing by using a multi-objective optimization algorithm according to the established data model, establishing a multi-objective optimization model, determining an objective function of an optimization equation, determining a boundary condition for the objective function of the optimization equation according to the state information and the total output requirement of the plurality of pumped storage units and preset constraint conditions, solving the optimization equation, obtaining the distributed output of each pumped storage unit, and performing capacity optimization configuration by using a control system of the main power station.
And further, acquiring the state information of each pumped storage unit participating in the combined operation, and determining the total output requirement of all pumped storage units according to the real-time output of each pumped storage unit and the actual load of the power grid. And further, calculating and analyzing a joint optimized dispatching track of the distribution power station through a dispatching track calculating and analyzing module, and obtaining a dispatching target value, namely an optimal strategy and an optimal track meeting constraint conditions by adopting a discrete differential dynamic programming algorithm.
Further, in step 3, the data measured in step 2 is used to establish a relation curve between the reservoir water level and the reservoir capacity of each of the distribution power stations and the main power station, a relation curve between the downstream tail water level and the flow, and a joint scheduling model of the distribution power stations and the main power station is established by taking the maximum generated energy of each distribution power station as a target function according to the constraint conditions of the guaranteed output of each distribution power station, the section discharge flow and the guarantee rate thereof, and the water balance equation and the water storage level limit of each reservoir.
Further, in step 4, the calculation and analysis module of the dispatching track is used for calculating and analyzing the joint optimization dispatching track of the power distribution station, and a discrete differential dynamic programming algorithm is adopted to obtain a dispatching target value, namely an optimal strategy and an optimal track which meet constraint conditions.
Furthermore, when the water head change of the multi-region pumped storage power station in the same-time falling process is large, the output power change of the water pump turbine corresponding to each allocation power station in the power generation output model is large, and under the condition that the total output power is not changed, the output power of the water pump turbine corresponding to the main power station control system is increased along with the decrease of the output power of each allocation power station, so that the output power is ensured to be kept relatively balanced, and the power loss is reduced.
The method comprises the steps that a water turbine flow guide tunnel of each allocation power station is controlled through a main power station control system, a gate is installed at the front end of an upper reservoir flow guide tunnel of each allocation power station, the rear end of each flow guide tunnel is communicated with a confluence channel, a water delivery channel between each confluence channel and a lower reservoir of each allocation power station is provided with a water pump water turbine, the main power station control system measures daily average reservoir water levels of the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir of each power station and daily average tail water levels of the lower reservoir through water level sensors respectively, the lower discharge flow of each reservoir is measured through ultrasonic flow meters, flood level values, water supply limit upper water levels, water supply limit lower water levels and dead water level values of the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir of each allocation power station and the main power station are determined respectively, when the water head of the multi-power station in the falling process is greatly changed, the main power station control system controls the opening and closing states and degrees of the gates corresponding to the upper reservoir flow guide tunnels of each allocation power station, and the allocation output power of each allocation power station are guaranteed to be reduced and changed mutually under the condition that the total output power is not changed.
And further, a layered calculation method is adopted, the upper reservoir of each allocation power station is placed to the lower reservoir layer by layer, the head loss of the power generation working condition and the water pumping working condition is considered, the average water purification head and the generated energy of each layer are respectively calculated according to the water level change conditions of each allocation power station, the main power station and the lower reservoir, and the lower reservoir starts to store water from the dead water level until each allocation power station and the main power station reach the dead water level.
Based on the above scheme, in order to better understand the capacity optimization configuration method of the multi-pumped storage power station provided by the embodiment of the invention, the invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the embodiment:
1. with the development and utilization of distributed energy and the development of smart power grids, distributed energy storage becomes a new development trend, and distributed pumped storage becomes a technology worthy of wide popularization. The small and medium-sized pumped storage power station refers to a pumped storage power station with the total reservoir capacity of less than 1 billion cubic meters and the installed capacity of less than 30 ten thousand kilowatts, has low requirements on power transmission lines, and has the advantages of flexible engineering position, low investment and quick response. The medium and small-sized pumped storage power station can realize advantage complementation with large-sized pumped storage, can independently coordinate various distributed power supplies, solves the problems of output fluctuation, output limitation and the like of distributed energy, relieves local power grid blockage, and simultaneously provides support for regional disaster resistance guarantee. According to the method, various factors of a project area and the layout and the mutual relation of buildings are comprehensively considered according to the distribution planning characteristics and the project layout condition of small and medium-sized pumped storage power stations, a method for carrying out capacity optimization configuration on the small and medium-sized pumped storage power stations in multiple areas is provided after systematic research and comprehensive comparison of technology and economy, and the method is used for optimizing the scheduling of the small and medium-sized pumped storage power stations and is used for solving the problems of pumped storage resource waste and unreasonable configuration in the prior art. The embodiment of the present invention mainly includes the following contents as shown in fig. 2.
1. Constructing a multi-region small and medium pumped storage power station networking and control system:
a plurality of small and medium-sized pumped storage power stations in the region are divided and sequenced according to installed capacity, a power station with the largest installed capacity or a designated power station (with the best comprehensive performance) is used as a main power station, and the small and medium-sized pumped storage power stations can be combined with a large pumped storage power station. The other participating power stations are allocated as allocated power stations, weights are respectively allocated according to the maximum total output Pm of each water turbine of each power station, and the control systems of all allocated power stations are respectively accessed to the control system of the main power station for same allocation and control, as shown in figure 3.
2. Acquiring information of each pumped storage power station:
the operation mode of the pumped storage power station is determined by the requirement of a power system, and the requirement of the power system determines the operation mode of a reservoir. The system comprises an upper warehouse adjusting storage capacity and a lower warehouse adjusting storage capacity, wherein part of the lower warehouse is used for water supply regulation and storage by water departments in a scheduling mode, and the rest of the storage capacities are matched with the upper warehouse. The power station is directly controlled by a power dispatching center, the power station normally performs daily regulation operation, and performs peak load regulation and valley filling, frequency modulation and phase modulation, rotation standby operation and accident standby according to the change condition of daily load, generally, the power generation working capacity is mainly concentrated at the peak position of daily load, namely 10-12 am and 15-22 pm of each day, and the water pumping working capacity is concentrated at the valley position, namely 1-8 am of each day.
The effective storage capacity, the unit operation, the upper and lower reservoir parameters, the water pump parameters, the water turbine parameters, the maintenance plan and the like of each pumped storage power station at each time t of the day are monitored in real time or at regular time, and are uniformly transmitted to a main power station control system, and the respective reservoir water level and storage capacity relation curves of each step upper reservoir and the in-situ upper reservoir and the downstream tail water level and flow relation curves are respectively established.
3. Data models of pumped storage groups of each power station:
and 3.1, calculating a data model of the power Pw (t) which can be output by the generator of each pumped storage power station in each time period t in the current day by combining decision variables of the acquired parameters. The method comprises the steps of establishing a relation curve of reservoir water level and reservoir capacity and a relation curve of downstream tail water level and flow of each allocation power station and each main power station by using measured data, and respectively establishing a main power station unit data model and each allocation power station unit data model by taking the maximum generated energy of each allocation power station as a target function according to the constraint conditions of guaranteed output of each allocation power station, section discharge flow and guarantee rate thereof, and water balance equation and water storage level limit of each reservoir.
3.2, establishing a joint dispatching model of the dispatching power station and the main power station. The pumped storage unit data model of each power station at least comprises a main power station unit data model and each dispatching power station unit data model. And establishing load frequency control models of the dispatching power station units, wherein the Load Frequency Control (LFC) of each dispatching power station unit is used for adjusting the frequency of a system to reach a rated value or/and maintaining the exchange power of the regional tie lines as a planned value, and because the frequency stability is an important index of the electric energy quality of the electric power system, the deviation of the exchange power of the tie lines among the systems and the fluctuation of the system frequency can be possibly caused by any sudden change of each load.
And further, on the basis of a load frequency control model of the dispatching power station unit, combining a data model of the main power station unit to reestablish power control models of all the pumped storage power stations based on the frequency modulation system, and performing power control on all the pumped storage power stations according to the power control models. The power control model of each pumped storage power station also comprises a power control model for modifying the synchronous power coefficient according to the working condition and the system data so as to continuously optimize the pumped storage power station.
4. And (3) multi-model optimization configuration:
optimizing the data model by using a multi-objective optimization algorithm according to the established data model, establishing a multi-objective optimization model, determining an objective function of an optimization equation, determining a boundary condition for the objective function of the optimization equation according to the state information and the total output requirement of the plurality of pumped storage units and a preset constraint condition, solving the optimization equation, obtaining the distributed output of each pumped storage unit, and performing capacity optimization configuration by a control system of the main power station.
4.1 through the control system of the main power station to each allotment power station diversion tunnel control, including installing the gate separately in the upper storehouse diversion tunnel front end of each allotment power station, the rear end of each diversion tunnel communicates with the channel of converging, converge the channel and install the pump turbine with the water delivery channel between the lower storehouses, the control system of the main power station measures daily average reservoir water level of upper and lower storehouses and daily average tail water level of lower storehouses of each power station separately through the level sensor, measure the flow rate of leaking down of each storehouse through the ultrasonic flowmeter, confirm flood level value, water supply restriction upper limit water level, water supply restriction lower limit water level and dead water level value of upper and lower storehouses of each allotment power station and main power station separately, when the process head of falling down of many power stations changes greatly, the control system of the main power station carries on the open and close state and degree control according to the corresponding gate of the upper storehouse diversion tunnel of each allotment power station, guarantee under the invariable situation of total output power, output power station and each allotment power station change each other.
4.2 when all water turbines of all the allocation power stations are uniformly allocated, determining the average water head of each water turbine of each energy storage power station according to the water level of the upper reservoir of each energy storage power station and considering the influence of environmental water replenishing factors and water flow loss factors on the water level; determining the maximum total output Pm of each water turbine of the corresponding power station according to the comprehensive operation characteristics of each water turbine; the optimal output control strategy is realized by controlling the working frequency and the output efficiency of each water turbine. And determining the actual output Q1 of each energy storage power station according to the distributed load Q0 of each energy storage power station, the maximum output Pm of each energy storage power station and the number N of the energy storage power stations participating in decision making, wherein when Q0 is less than or equal to PmxN, the actual output Q1 of the corresponding energy storage power station corresponding to the water turbine = the distributed load Q0, and when Q0 is greater than PmxN, the actual output Q1 of the corresponding energy storage power station corresponding to the water turbine = the maximum output PmxN of the energy storage power station.
And 4.3, adopting a layered calculation method, discharging the water body from each distribution power station to the lower water reservoir layer by layer from the upper reservoir of each distribution power station, considering the head loss of the power generation working condition and the water pumping working condition, respectively calculating the average water head and the generated energy of each layer according to the water level change conditions of the lower water reservoirs of each distribution power station and the main power station until the distribution power station and the main power station reach the dead water level, and starting water storage of the lower water reservoir from the dead water level.
4.4 when the water head change is large in the falling process of the multi-power station, the output power change of the water pump turbine corresponding to each allocation power station in the power generation output model is large, and under the condition that the total output power is not changed, the output power of the water pump turbine corresponding to the main power station is increased along with the decrease of the output power of each allocation power station, so that the output power is ensured to be kept relatively balanced, and the power loss is reduced.
And 4.5, the control system of the main power station also comprises a step of detecting and controlling the pressure of the draft tube corresponding to each pumped storage unit. And the parameters are measured by respectively connecting branch pipes with the water inlets and the water outlets of the draft tubes corresponding to the units in a sealing manner and installing electronic pressure valves on the branch pipes. The control system of the main power station measures the flow of the water pump turbine of each pumped storage unit by acquiring data of a corresponding electronic pressure valve, carrying out flow calculation through the pressure difference of a water inlet and a water outlet of a draft tube, respectively determining a pumped working condition flow value and a power generation working condition flow value, and judging whether the pumped storage unit is in a pumped working condition, a power generation working condition or a rest and stop state according to the pressure difference value of the water inlet and the water outlet.
When the pumped storage unit is in a pumping working condition, the guide vane of the speed regulator is in a fully-closed position, the main water inlet valve of the unit is fully opened, the circuit breaker system at the outlet of the unit is switched on, and the phase change isolation switch of the unit is switched on in a pumping direction; when the pumped storage unit is in a power generation working condition, the main water inlet valve of the unit is fully opened, the breaker system at the outlet of the unit is switched on, and the phase-change isolating switch of the power generation direction of the unit is switched on.
5. Optimizing, scheduling and analyzing:
and acquiring the state information of each pumped storage unit participating in the combined operation, and determining the total output requirement of all the pumped storage units according to the real-time output of each pumped storage unit and the actual load of the power grid. And further, calculating and analyzing a joint optimized dispatching track of the distribution power station through a dispatching track calculating and analyzing module, and obtaining a dispatching target value, namely an optimal strategy and an optimal track meeting constraint conditions by adopting a discrete differential dynamic programming algorithm.
By the method, the constraint conditions such as the output constraint condition of the main power station in the multi-region small and medium-sized pumped storage power station and the operation requirements of the units of the multiple allocation power stations are comprehensively considered as the boundary conditions of the optimization equation, so that the units of the multi-region small and medium-sized pumped storage power station can be uniformly allocated and managed, the optimized allocation and the stable operation can be realized, the operation flexibility and stability of a power grid system can be improved, and the capacity optimized allocation and power generation internet access of the small and medium-sized pumped storage power station can be promoted. Meanwhile, the system is also beneficial to realizing the aim of unattended operation and unattended operation of the pumped storage power station, the computer monitoring systems of the master station and the slave station adopt a layered distribution structure and are divided into four layers, namely a dispatching control level, a remote control center control level, a power station control level and a local unit control level, and the control authority is from high to low. At least, the control level of the main power station is provided with a data server, an operator workstation, an engineer workstation and equipment thereof, a TCP/IP protocol is adopted, and communication is carried out through a 100Mbps dual-optical fiber switching type industrial Ethernet ring.
6. Scheduling, stopping and maintaining at peak load shifting:
based on the method, according to the water head change condition in the falling process of each energy storage power station, the peak shifting scheduling, the stopping and the maintenance of partial energy storage power stations are selected. The operation of maintaining the unit, the operation of cleaning the trash rack at the water inlet, the operation of cleaning silt at the bottom of the inlet of the upper warehouse and the like are realized in the period. Because each energy storage power station adopts unified allocation control, the power output mode is optimized, the outage maintenance period and the accident first-aid repair equipment are prolonged, and the maintenance and cleaning operation time is prolonged.
2. And further, the main control system calculates and analyzes the joint optimized dispatching track of each configured power station according to the calculating and analyzing module of the dispatching track in the step 5, and a discrete differential dynamic planning algorithm is adopted to obtain a real-time dispatching target value of each configured power station on the same day. The main control system then transmits the optimal strategy and the optimal trajectory calculated in real time to the remote meta-database server and the operator workstation through the 100Mbps fiber switch type industrial ethernet ring network to realize remote control, as shown in fig. 4.
It should be noted that the above method or flow embodiment is described as a series of acts or combinations for simplicity, but those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the described acts or sequences, as some steps may be performed in other sequences or simultaneously according to the present invention. Further, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are exemplary embodiments and that no single embodiment is necessarily required by the inventive embodiments.
Referring to fig. 5, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a capacity optimization configuration apparatus for a multi-pumped storage power station, including:
the allocation access module 1 is used for dividing and ordering a plurality of pumped storage power stations in a target area according to installed capacity, determining a main power station and allocation power stations participating allocation based on the ordered plurality of pumped storage power stations, respectively allocating weights according to the maximum total output of water turbines of the pumped storage power stations, and respectively accessing control systems of the allocation power stations to control systems of the main power station according to the allocated weights;
the data acquisition module 2 is used for acquiring the basic parameters of each pumped storage power station in each preset time period in the day at regular time, and transmitting the basic parameters of each pumped storage power station to the control system of the main power station;
the data model establishing module 3 is used for establishing a data model of the power which can be output by the generator of each pumped storage power station by combining the decision variables of the basic parameters of each pumped storage power station in each preset time period in the day;
the optimization model establishing module 4 is used for performing optimization processing by using a multi-objective optimization algorithm according to each established data model, establishing a multi-objective optimization model and determining an objective function of an optimization equation of the multi-objective optimization model;
and the optimization configuration module 5 is configured to determine boundary conditions for an objective function of the optimization equation according to the acquired state information and total output requirements of each pumped storage power station and preset constraint conditions, solve the optimization equation to obtain output distribution parameters of each pumped storage power station, and perform capacity optimization configuration by the control system of the main power station based on the output distribution parameters of each pumped storage power station.
It can be understood that the above-mentioned apparatus embodiment corresponds to the method embodiment of the present invention, and the capacity optimal configuration apparatus for a multi-pumped storage power station according to the embodiment of the present invention can implement the capacity optimal configuration method for a multi-pumped storage power station according to any method embodiment of the present invention.
The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the methods for optimized configuration of capacity for a multi-pumped storage power plant.
It should be noted that the above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, where the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. In addition, in the drawings of the embodiment of the apparatus provided by the present invention, the connection relationship between the modules indicates that there is a communication connection therebetween, and may be specifically implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
It can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the apparatus described above may refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiment, and is not described herein again.
The terminal device may be a desktop computer, a notebook, a palm computer, a cloud server, or other computing devices. The terminal device may include, but is not limited to, a processor, a memory.
The Processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like, said processor being the control center of said terminal device, and various interfaces and lines are used to connect the various parts of the whole terminal device.
The memory may be used to store the computer program, and the processor may implement various functions of the terminal device by running or executing the computer program stored in the memory and calling data stored in the memory. The memory may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function, and the like; the storage data area may store data created according to the use of the mobile phone, and the like. In addition, the memory may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), at least one magnetic disk storage device, a Flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.
The storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, in which the computer program is stored, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, is adapted to carry out the steps of the above-mentioned respective method embodiments. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, usb disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer Memory, read-Only Memory (ROM), random Access Memory (RAM), electrical carrier wave signals, telecommunications signals, software distribution medium, and the like. It should be noted that the computer readable medium may contain content that is subject to appropriate increase or decrease as required by legislation and patent practice in jurisdictions, for example, in some jurisdictions, computer readable media does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunications signals as is required by legislation and patent practice.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A capacity optimization configuration method for a multi-pumped storage power station is characterized by comprising the following steps:
dividing and sequencing a plurality of pumped storage power stations in a target area according to installed capacity, determining a main power station and a configuration power station participating in configuration based on the sequenced pumped storage power stations, respectively matching weights according to the maximum total output of water turbines of the pumped storage power stations, and respectively connecting control systems of the configuration power stations into a control system of the main power station according to the configured weights;
acquiring basic parameters of each pumped storage power station in each preset time period on the day in a fixed time, and transmitting the basic parameters of each pumped storage power station to a control system of a main power station;
establishing a data model of the power which can be output by the generator of each pumped storage power station by combining the decision variables of the basic parameters of each pumped storage power station in each preset time period of the day;
performing optimization processing by using a multi-objective optimization algorithm according to each established data model, establishing a multi-objective optimization model, and determining an objective function of an optimization equation of the multi-objective optimization model;
determining boundary conditions for an objective function of the optimization equation according to the acquired state information and total output requirements of each pumped storage power station and preset constraint conditions, solving the optimization equation to obtain output distribution parameters of each pumped storage power station, and performing capacity optimization configuration by the control system of the main power station based on the output distribution parameters of each pumped storage power station.
2. The method of optimally configuring the capacity of a multi pumped-storage power station of claim 1 wherein the total capacity requirement is obtained by:
and acquiring the state information of each allocated power station, and determining the total output requirement of all pumped storage power stations according to the real-time output of each pumped storage power station and the actual load of the power grid.
3. The method for optimally configuring the capacity of a multi pumped-storage power plant according to claim 1, wherein the step of establishing a data model of the power output of each pumped-storage power plant generator by combining the decision variables of the basic parameters of each pumped-storage power plant in each preset time period in the day comprises the following steps:
establishing a reservoir water level, reservoir capacity relation curve, downstream tail water level and flow relation curve of each allocation power station and each main power station based on basic data of each pumped storage power station, and establishing a combined dispatching model of the allocation power stations and the main power stations by taking the maximum generated energy of each allocation power station as a target function based on the obtained guaranteed output, section discharge flow, guarantee rate, water balance equation of each reservoir and water storage level limit of each allocation power station as constraint conditions.
4. The method of optimally configuring capacity of a multi pumped-storage power plant as claimed in claim 1 wherein said optimizing each established data model using a multi-objective optimization algorithm to create a multi-objective optimization model and determine objective functions of optimization equations of said multi-objective optimization model comprises:
and calculating and analyzing the joint optimization scheduling track of the power distribution station, and determining an optimal strategy and an optimal track which meet constraint conditions as scheduling target values by adopting a discrete differential dynamic programming algorithm.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the multi-objective optimization model, when the pumped-storage power station has a large head variation during the falling process at the same time, the output power variation of the pump turbine corresponding to each of the dispatching power stations in the power generation output model increases, and under the condition that the total output power is not changed, the output power of the pump turbine corresponding to the control system of the main power station increases as the output power of each of the dispatching power stations decreases, so that the output powers are kept relatively balanced.
6. The method of optimally configuring the capacity of multiple pumped-storage power stations according to claim 1, wherein the optimally configuring the capacity by the control system of the primary power station based on the capacity allocation parameters of the individual pumped-storage power stations comprises:
through the control system of main power station controls respectively each allotment power station's hydraulic turbine water conservancy diversion tunnel, specifically includes: the method comprises the following steps that a main power station control system respectively measures daily average reservoir water levels of an upper reservoir and a lower reservoir of each allocation power station and daily average tail water levels of the lower reservoir through a water level sensor, measures downward discharge flow of each reservoir through an ultrasonic flowmeter, and respectively determines flood level values, water supply limit upper limit water levels, water supply limit lower limit water levels and dead water level values of the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir of each allocation power station and the main power station; the front ends of upper storage diversion tunnels of the distribution power stations are respectively provided with a gate, the rear ends of the diversion tunnels are communicated with a confluence channel, and a water delivery channel between the confluence channel and a lower storage is provided with a pump turbine.
7. The method of optimally configuring the capacity of multiple pumped-hydro power storage plants of claim 6, wherein said optimally configuring the capacity by the control system of the primary power plant based on the capacity allocation parameters of each pumped-hydro power storage plant further comprises:
and (3) placing the upper reservoir of each distribution power station to the lower reservoir layer by adopting a layering calculation method, respectively calculating the average water head and the generated energy of each layer according to the water level change conditions of each distribution power station, the main power station and the lower reservoir until the distribution power station and the main power station reach the dead water level, and storing water in the lower reservoir from the dead water level.
8. The utility model provides a many pumped storage power station capacity optimal configuration device which characterized in that includes:
the system comprises a dispatching access module, a main power station and dispatching power stations participating in configuration, wherein the dispatching access module is used for dividing and sequencing a plurality of pumped storage power stations in a target area according to installed capacity, determining the main power station and the dispatching power stations participating in configuration based on the sequenced pumped storage power stations, respectively matching weights with the maximum total output of water turbines of the pumped storage power stations, and respectively accessing control systems of the dispatching power stations into a control system of the main power station according to the configured weights;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the basic parameters of each pumped storage power station in each preset time period on the day in a timing mode and transmitting the basic parameters of each pumped storage power station to the control system of the main power station;
the data model establishing module is used for establishing a data model of the power which can be output by the generator of each pumped storage power station in combination with the decision variables of the basic parameters of each pumped storage power station in each preset time period in the day;
the optimization model establishing module is used for performing optimization processing by using a multi-objective optimization algorithm according to each established data model, establishing a multi-objective optimization model and determining an objective function of an optimization equation of the multi-objective optimization model;
and the optimization configuration module is used for determining boundary conditions for an objective function of the optimization equation according to the acquired state information and total output requirements of each pumped storage power station and preset constraint conditions, solving the optimization equation to obtain output distribution parameters of each pumped storage power station, and performing capacity optimization configuration by the control system of the main power station based on the output distribution parameters of each pumped storage power station.
9. Terminal equipment comprising a processor and a memory storing a computer program, characterized in that the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the method for optimized capacity configuration of a multi pumped-storage power plant according to any of claims 1 to 7.
10. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, wherein the computer program when executed by a processor implements the method for capacity optimized configuration of a multi pumped-storage power plant according to any of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN116683487B (en) * | 2023-05-09 | 2024-03-26 | 国家电网有限公司华东分部 | Scheduling method and device for pumped storage power grid, storage medium and computer equipment |
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