CN115857054A

CN115857054A - Long-term atmospheric sounding balloon observation device

Info

Publication number: CN115857054A
Application number: CN202211733786.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张邦林
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-12-30
Filing date: 2022-12-30
Publication date: 2023-03-28

Abstract

The invention provides a long-term atmospheric sounding balloon observation device, belongs to the technical field of atmospheric high-altitude observation, and solves the problems that in the prior art, the observation time is short, the observation range is small, and the height and the moving direction cannot be regulated and controlled at will. The device comprises an air sounding balloon, a controllable air valve device, a gas container, a height remote control device, a parachute and an air-meteorological sonde device which are sequentially connected from top to bottom. The controllable air valve device is arranged at the inner side of the handle of the air detection balloon and used for starting inflation to transmit the outside air to the air detection balloon in a one-way mode or starting exhaust to discharge the air in the air detection balloon to the atmosphere after receiving a control signal of the height remote control device. The height remote control device is arranged below the gas container and used for acquiring the position of the observation device and the data of the weather sonde device and sending the data to the ground monitoring system; and generating a control signal according to a control command of the ground monitoring system, sending the control signal to the controllable air valve device, and adjusting the running state of the controllable air valve device.

Description

Long-term atmospheric sounding balloon observation device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of high-altitude observation of atmosphere, in particular to a long-time atmospheric sounding balloon observation device.

Background

As the most core technology for the development of the current meteorological cause, the numerical forecasting can be called as a chip and a national weighting machine in the meteorological field. Atmospheric high-altitude observation is an important support for modern numerical weather forecast. In various high-altitude observation methods for the atmosphere, the sounding balloon can acquire complete information of three-dimensional atmospheric temperature, air pressure, humidity, wind field and the like in observation, is the only direct observation system capable of simultaneously providing three-dimensional atmospheric thermal-dynamic field information in an atmospheric observation system, and can provide the most credible reference data in the high-altitude observation system for the atmosphere.

At present, the atmospheric observation based on the sounding balloon has the following main defects: 1) The sounding balloon expands along with rising, when the internal pressure of the balloon is greater than the pressure which can be borne by the skin of the balloon, the sounding balloon can burst and fall back to the ground, the observation time of the sounding balloon is limited, and the current sounding balloon observation process can only be maintained for about 1-2 hours generally; 2) The sounding balloon does not contain a power device, and the ascending speed and the drifting direction of the balloon cannot be controlled manually, so that the horizontal observation range of the sounding balloon is limited, and the current sounding balloon observation process can only cover the range of 0-200 km from a release point generally.

Therefore, the existing sounding balloon is short in observation time, small in covered horizontal space, incapable of randomly regulating and controlling height and moving direction and only capable of providing limited observation data.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the foregoing analysis, an embodiment of the present invention is directed to provide a long-term atmospheric sounding balloon observation device, so as to solve the problems of the prior art that the observation duration is short, the observation range is small, and the altitude and the moving direction cannot be randomly adjusted and controlled.

On one hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a long-term atmospheric sounding balloon observation device, which comprises a sounding balloon, a controllable gas valve device, a gas container, a height remote control device, a parachute and an atmospheric sounding instrument device which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the controllable air valve device is arranged at the inner side of the handle of the air sounding balloon and is used for starting inflation to transmit the outside air to the air sounding balloon in a one-way mode or starting exhaust to exhaust the air in the air sounding balloon to the atmosphere after receiving a control signal of the height remote control device;

the height remote control device is arranged below the gas container and used for acquiring the position of the observation device and the data of the weather sonde device and sending the data to the ground monitoring system; and generating a control signal according to a control instruction of the ground monitoring system, sending the control signal to the controllable air valve device, and adjusting the running state of the controllable air valve device.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are as follows: the method provides an effective scheme for solving the problem that the life cycle of the existing sounding balloon is short, can improve the retention time (life cycle) of the sounding balloon in the air and increase the floating distance and height of the sounding balloon by artificially regulating and controlling inflation and exhaust, thereby increasing atmospheric observation in an area with low observation frequency (such as an area above the ocean and with low population density) and making up the defects of the existing atmospheric observation. The air exhaust is controlled by the height remote control device, so that the buoyancy of the sounding balloon can be reduced, the downward acceleration of the balloon is increased, and the ascending speed of the balloon is slowed down or accelerated; aerify through high remote control unit control, can increase the buoyancy of sounding balloon to increase the ascending acceleration of balloon, make the ascending speed of balloon accelerate or the descent speed slows down, can avoid sounding balloon because of the inflation that rises bursts, thereby it is long when increasing sounding balloon's detection. The device can continuously observe the difference and the change of each meteorological element of different geographic positions and height layers, accumulates meteorological detection data for numerical weather forecast, increases forecast experience, and reduces meteorological disasters to play a positive role. In addition, based on the characteristic that the sounding balloon drifts along with the atmospheric wind field, the height of the sounding balloon can be controlled and adjusted through a remote control device according to the actually observed and forecasted atmospheric high-altitude wind field, the drifting direction of the balloon is changed, the sounding balloon moves towards the target direction, and the horizontal observation range of the sounding balloon is expanded. Through setting up the parachute, open when sounding observation device drops, make sounding observation device land with slower speed, can effectively avoid ground casualties and destruction. The device has wide civil and military prospects, and can directly and positively influence the quality of weather forecast, thereby creating social benefits and economic benefits.

Based on the further improvement of the device, the controllable air valve device further comprises more than one inflation valve and more than one exhaust valve, and a bidirectional electric fan is arranged above the inflation valves; and the number of the first and second electrodes,

the inflation valve and the exhaust valve are both one-way air valves;

an electric control air valve is arranged at the air output end of the air container, the control end of the electric control air valve is connected with the output end of the height remote control device, and the air output end of the electric control air valve is connected with the air inlet end of the inflation valve of the controllable air valve device.

Further, the height remote control device further comprises a positioning device, a signal transceiver and a controller; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the input end of the controller is connected with the positioning device and the data end of the weather sonde device, and the output end of the controller is respectively connected with the bidirectional electric fan, the inflation valve and the exhaust valve of the controllable air valve device and the control end of the electric control air valve of the gas container.

Further, the gas in the gas container comprises one of helium and hydrogen; and the number of the first and second electrodes,

the height remote control device is connected with the controllable air valve device through the sounding plumb rope and is connected with the meteorological sonde device through the sounding plumb rope.

Further, the parachute is detachably arranged below the height remote control device and is connected with the height remote control device through the sounding plumb rope; and the number of the first and second electrodes,

the meteorological sonde device is arranged below the parachute and is connected with the parachute through the sounding vertical rope, and meanwhile, the meteorological sonde device is connected with the height remote control device through the sounding vertical rope.

Furthermore, the weather sonde device is provided with a long-life battery supporting the sonde device to continuously operate in the air for more than 30 days, and an electric quantity monitoring module for measuring the residual electric quantity of the long-life battery; and the number of the first and second electrodes,

a balloon attitude measuring sensor is also distributed on the sounding balloon;

and the height remote control device is also used for acquiring balloon attitude information and speed of the observation device and transmitting the balloon attitude information and the speed to the ground monitoring system by using the residual capacity of the long-life battery of the weather sonde device.

Further, the controller executes the following program:

s1, before the observation device is released, controlling an inflation valve of a controllable air valve device to open to inflate an air detection balloon, monitoring that the air quantity in the air detection balloon reaches a release standard, controlling the inflation valve of the controllable air valve device to close, identifying whether a gas container, a height remote control device, a parachute and a meteorological sonde device are installed correctly, if so, sending control information capable of releasing the observation device, executing the next step, and otherwise, sending control information for reinstallation;

s2, after the observation device is released (balloon release is indicated), controlling a positioning device to start, enabling the positioning device to be accessed into a GPS (global positioning system) and a Beidou satellite positioning system, acquiring the longitude and latitude position and the height of the observation device through the positioning device, and sending the longitude and latitude position and the height to a ground monitoring system;

s3, after receiving a height regulating and controlling instruction sent by a ground monitoring system, identifying whether the instruction contains information for slowing down the rising speed of the sounding balloon or speeding up the falling speed of the sounding balloon in real time, if so, controlling an exhaust valve and a bidirectional electric fan of a controllable air valve device to be opened, and exhausting the gas in the sounding balloon, otherwise, executing the step S4;

and S4, identifying whether the command contains information for accelerating the ascending speed of the sounding balloon or slowing the descending speed of the sounding balloon, if so, controlling an inflation valve of the controllable gas valve device and a gas valve of the gas container to be opened, and filling helium gas in the gas container into the sounding balloon to increase the buoyancy of the sounding observation device, otherwise, maintaining the state of the controllable gas valve device unchanged at the current moment.

Further, the controller is further configured to automatically start an exhaust program of the sounding balloon when it is monitored that the altitude of the observation device exceeds a built-in upper altitude limit, control an exhaust valve of the controllable air valve device and the bidirectional electric fan to open, and exhaust air in the sounding balloon, so that the sounding observation device is maintained below the upper altitude limit.

Furthermore, an inflation valve and an exhaust valve of the controllable air valve device are arranged on the same plane; and the number of the first and second electrodes,

the inflation valve is arranged at the center of the plane, and the exhaust valves are respectively and uniformly distributed around the inflation valve;

the bidirectional electric fan is arranged right above the inflation valve.

Further, the controller is also used for controlling the parachute to be automatically opened when monitoring that the observation device falls, and simultaneously, automatically cutting off a sounding plumb rope connecting the height remote control device and the meteorological sonde device so as to avoid damaging the parachute in the falling process of the height remote control device.

Compared with the prior art, the invention can realize at least one of the following beneficial effects:

1. the method solves the problem that the existing sounding balloon has a short life span, can prolong the residence time of the sounding balloon in the air, increase the drifting distance of the sounding balloon and control the height of the sounding balloon, thereby increasing atmospheric observation in areas with low observation frequency (such as the areas above the sea and with low population density) and making up the defects of the existing atmospheric observation.

2. The method can continuously observe the difference and the change of all meteorological elements of different geographic positions and height layers, accumulate meteorological detection data for numerical weather forecast, increase forecast experience and reduce meteorological disasters, and plays a positive role. The method has wide civilian and military prospects, can directly and positively influence the quality of weather forecast, and creates social benefits and economic benefits, thereby being beneficial to improving the safety and welfare of citizens all over the world.

3. The height of the balloon is manually adjusted in real time according to observation requirements, an exhaust air valve and an air valve fan of the sounding balloon can be controlled through a remote control device, and helium in the sounding balloon is exhausted to reduce buoyancy of the balloon, so that downward acceleration of the balloon is increased, and the ascending speed of the balloon is slowed down or the descending speed of the balloon is accelerated; the remote control device can also be used for controlling a gas container gas valve in the sounding balloon to inflate the sounding balloon and increase the buoyancy of the balloon, so that the upward acceleration of the balloon is increased, and the ascending speed or the descending speed of the balloon is accelerated or slowed.

4. The moving direction of the balloon is artificially controlled in real time according to observation needs, based on the characteristic that the sounding balloon drifts along with the atmospheric wind field, the height of the sounding balloon can be controlled and adjusted through a remote control device according to an actually observed and forecasted atmospheric high-altitude wind field, the drifting direction of the balloon is changed, the sounding balloon is made to move towards a target direction, and the horizontal observation range of the sounding balloon can be expanded by controlling the moving direction of the sounding balloon and increasing the observation duration of the sounding balloon.

5. Meets the national important requirements of strengthening scientific research and technical customs in fields of earth system numerical value forecasting mode, disastrous weather forecast and the like in the outline of weather high quality development 2022-2035 issued by the State administration. The method can realize autonomous control on the aspect of observation data, thereby effectively reducing the risk of serious degradation of the forecasting effect of the middle-term global numerical forecasting mode in China under the condition of international observation data exchange interruption and providing a firm weather forecasting postshield for national security.

This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the disclosure.

Drawings

The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the disclosure will be apparent from the following more particular descriptions of exemplary embodiments of the disclosure as illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numbers generally represent like parts throughout the exemplary embodiments of the disclosure.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the long-term observation device for an atmospheric sounding balloon in example 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the composition of a controllable air valve device according to embodiment 2;

fig. 3 shows a schematic interaction diagram of a long-term atmospheric sounding balloon observation device and a ground monitoring system.

Reference numerals:

1-sounding balloon; 2-a controllable air valve device; 3-a gas container; 4-height remote control; 5-parachute; 6-a weather sonde device; 7-an inflation valve; 8-an exhaust valve; 9-a bi-directional electric fan; 10-a positioning device; 11-a signal transceiver;

12-a controller.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

The term "include" and variations thereof as used herein is meant to be inclusive in an open-ended manner, i.e., "including but not limited to". Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term "or" means "and/or". The term "based on" means "based at least in part on". The terms "one example embodiment" and "one embodiment" mean "at least one example embodiment". The term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment". The terms "first," "second," and the like may refer to different or the same object. Other explicit and implicit definitions are also possible below.

Example 1

One embodiment of the invention discloses a long-term atmospheric sounding balloon observation device, which comprises a sounding balloon 1, a controllable gas valve device 2, a gas container 3, a height remote control device 4, a parachute 5 and a gas image sonde device 6 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom as shown in figure 1.

The controllable gas valve device 2 is arranged at the inner side of the handle of the sounding balloon 1, is connected with the altitude remote control device 4, and is used for starting inflation to transmit outside gas to the sounding balloon 1 in a one-way mode or starting exhaust to discharge gas in the sounding balloon 1 to the atmosphere after receiving a control signal of the altitude remote control device 4. Obviously, the controllable valve device 2 has 3 operating states, i.e. no-inflation and no-exhaust state, inflation state and exhaust state.

The gas container 3 stores a large amount of compressed gas therein. In principle, the gas in the gas container 3 may be any gas, such as helium, hydrogen. Existing sounding balloons have used helium, but also hydrogen.

The height remote control device 4 is arranged below the gas container 3 and used for acquiring the position (positioning information) of the observation device and the data of the weather sonde device 6 and sending the data to the ground monitoring system; and generating a corresponding control signal according to a control instruction of the ground monitoring system, sending the control signal to the controllable air valve device 2, and adjusting the running state of the controllable air valve device 2.

In implementation, before the observation device is released, the sounding balloon 1 is inflated through the controllable gas valve device 2, so that the gas amount reaches the release standard, then the controllable gas valve device 2 is closed, and other devices such as a gas container 3, a height remote control device 4, a parachute 5, a gas image sonde device 6 and the like are installed.

In the process of releasing the observation device, ground monitoring personnel can monitor the position (positioning information) of the observation device in real time in ground monitoring system software installed on ground equipment, remotely control and adjust the moving direction of the observation device in real time according to the position, and carry out meteorological observation by combining data of the meteorological sonde device 6.

For example, the observation device can be used for obtaining the wind field change (obtained by combining the position of the observation device and meteorological satellite data and comprising the latitudinal wind speed v of the atmosphere) in the release process of the sounding observation device based on atmospheric wind field prediction of a numerical weather forecast mode _x Meridional wind velocity v _y Vertical wind velocity v _z Subscripts x, y and z represent latitudinal direction, longitudinal direction and vertical direction respectively), the height of an atmospheric wind field corresponding to the moving direction of the target is found, the sounding observation device is adjusted to the height of the target through remote control to drift towards the target direction, meteorological observation is carried out, and the acceleration driven by wind force of the observation device can be determined through the following formula

a ^x (time，lev)＝{c×ρ×[v ^x (time，lev)] ² ×Area _eqv ^x +F _drag ^x }/m

a ^y (time，lev)＝{c×ρ×[v ^y (time，lev)] ² ×Area _eqv ^y +F _drag ^y }/m

a ^z (time，lev)＝{c×ρ×[v ^z (time，lev)] ² ×Area _eqv ^z +F _drag ^z }/m

(1) In the formula, a ^x 、a ^y 、a ^z Acceleration of the balloon in the latitudinal direction, the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction is respectively; m represents the total mass of the sounding observation device; time represents time; lev represents atmospheric altitude hierarchy; c represents the wind coefficient; ρ represents the air density; area _eqv Representing the equivalent area of the stress of the sounding observation device; f _drag Represents a resistance force; the superscripts x, y, z represent the latitudinal, longitudinal and vertical directions, respectively.

v _x 、v _y 、v _z Can be obtained by real-time observation of the weather sonde device 6 and a numerical weather forecast mode, rho and lev can be observed in real time by the weather sonde device 6, c and Area _eqv 、F _drag The equal coefficients can be obtained by statistics of earlier experiments. From the above data, the future path of the balloon, and its target altitude to be controlled, can be calculated using equation 1.

Furthermore, during deployment of the scoping device, the sounding balloon 1 may break due to uncontrollable factors, causing the scoping device to lose upward power and fall. In order to avoid the ground casualty and damage, the observation device is provided with a parachute 5 which can be manually or automatically opened when the sounding observation device falls, so that the observation device falls to the ground at a slower speed.

Compared with the prior art, the embodiment provides an effective scheme for solving the problem that the life cycle of the existing sounding balloon is short, the staying time (life cycle) of the sounding balloon in the air can be prolonged and the floating distance and height of the sounding balloon can be increased by artificially regulating and controlling inflation and exhaust, so that atmospheric observation in an area with low observation frequency (such as an area above the ocean and with low population density) is increased, and the defects of the existing atmospheric observation are overcome. The air exhaust is controlled by the height remote control device, so that the buoyancy of the sounding balloon can be reduced, the downward acceleration of the balloon is increased, and the ascending speed of the balloon is slowed down or accelerated; the air inflation is controlled through the height remote control device, so that the buoyancy of the sounding balloon can be increased, the upward acceleration of the balloon is increased, the ascending speed of the balloon is accelerated or the descending speed of the balloon is reduced, the sounding balloon can be prevented from bursting due to ascending expansion, and the sounding duration of the sounding balloon is increased. The device can continuously observe the difference and the change of each meteorological element of different geographic positions and height layers, accumulates meteorological detection data for numerical weather forecast, increases forecast experience, and reduces meteorological disasters to play an active role. Based on the characteristic that the sounding balloon drifts along with the atmospheric wind field, the height of the sounding balloon can be controlled and adjusted through a remote control device according to the actually observed and forecasted atmospheric high-altitude wind field, the drifting direction of the balloon is changed, the sounding balloon moves towards the target direction, and the horizontal observation range of the sounding balloon is expanded. In addition, through setting up the parachute, open when sounding observation device drops, make sounding observation device land ground with slower speed, can effectively avoid ground injures and deaths and destruction. The device has wide civil and military prospects, and can directly and positively influence the quality of weather forecast, thereby creating social benefits and economic benefits.

Example 2

The improvement is carried out on the basis of the embodiment 1, the controllable air valve device 2 further comprises more than one inflation valve 7 and more than one exhaust valve 8, and a bidirectional electric fan 9 is arranged above the inflation valves. And the inflation valve 7 and the exhaust valve 8 are both one-way air valves, the inflation valve only allows inflation into the sounding balloon 1, and the exhaust valve only allows gas to be exhausted from the sounding balloon 1.

Preferably, the number of the inflation valves 7 is one, and the number of the exhaust valves 8 is plural.

Preferably, an electric control gas valve is arranged at the gas output end of the gas container 3, the control end of the electric control gas valve is connected with the output end of the height remote control device 4, and the gas output end of the electric control gas valve is connected with the gas inlet end of the inflation valve of the controllable gas valve device 2.

Preferably, the gas in the gas container 3 is helium gas.

The gas container 3 is arranged below the controllable gas valve device 2, is connected with an inflation valve of the controllable gas valve device 2, and is connected with the height remote control device 4.

Preferably, the height remote control device 4 is disposed below the gas container 3, connected to the controllable gas valve device 2 through an sounding plumb line, and connected to the weather sonde device 6 through a sounding plumb line.

Preferably, the height remote control 4 further comprises a positioning device 10, a signal transceiver 11 and a controller 12. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the input end of the controller 12 is connected with the positioning device 10 and the data end of the weather sonde device 6, the output end of the controller is respectively connected with the bidirectional electric fan 9, the inflation valve 7 and the exhaust valve 8 of the controllable air valve device 2 and the electric control air valve control end of the gas container 3, and the communication end of the controller is connected with the signal transceiver 11.

Preferably, the parachute 5 is detachably provided below the height remote control device 4, and is connected to the height remote control device 4 through a sounding plumb line.

Preferably, the meteorological sonde device 6 is arranged below the parachute 5, is connected with the parachute 5 through a sounding plumb rope, and is connected with the height remote control device 4 through a sounding plumb rope.

Preferably, the weather sonde unit 6 is equipped with a long-life battery sufficient to support the sonde unit in flight for more than 30 consecutive days, and a power monitoring module that measures the remaining power of the long-life battery. The output end of the electric quantity monitoring module is connected with the input end of the controller.

Preferably, a balloon attitude measuring sensor (for measuring the attitude and the speed of the balloon) is further arranged on the sounding balloon 1. The balloon attitude measurement sensor comprises an existing gas flow sensor, a high-sensitivity torque sensor, an acceleration sensor and the like, and can be combined according to actual requirements, and the balloon attitude measurement sensor can be understood by a person skilled in the art.

The altitude remote control device 4 is also used for acquiring balloon attitude information and speed of the observation device and transmitting the information and the speed to a ground monitoring system by using the residual capacity of the long-life battery of the weather sonde device 6.

A ground monitoring system (as shown in fig. 3, generally including a ground station, a ground base station, a ground terminal, and a remote control center) can monitor the altitude, longitude and latitude, speed, balloon attitude, power supply status, meteorological data, etc. of the observation device. The observation personnel only need to input simple instructions (such as the height of a target and the longitude and latitude of the target), and the system can automatically exhaust or inflate the sounding balloon so as to control the height and the moving direction of the balloon.

The ground communication guarantee platform of the ground monitoring system mainly comprises two communication modes: microwave-based communication and satellite-based communication. In practical application, two communication modes are often combined.

Preferably, the controller 12 executes the following program:

s1, before the observation device is released, controlling an inflation valve 7 of a controllable gas valve device 2 to open to inflate an air sounding balloon 1, monitoring that the air quantity in the air sounding balloon 1 reaches a release standard, controlling the inflation valve 7 of the controllable gas valve device 2 to close, after a gas container 3, a height remote control device 4, a parachute 5 and a meteorological sonde device 6 are mounted, identifying whether the gas container 3, the height remote control device 4, the parachute 5 and the meteorological sonde device 6 are mounted correctly, if so, sending control information capable of releasing the observation device, and executing the next step, otherwise, sending control information capable of being mounted again;

s2, after the observation device is released, controlling the positioning device 10 to be started, enabling the positioning device 10 to be connected into a GPS (global positioning system) and a Beidou satellite positioning system, stably acquiring the longitude and latitude position and the height of the observation device through the positioning device 10, and sending the longitude and latitude position and the height to a ground monitoring system;

s3, receiving a height regulating and controlling instruction sent by a ground monitoring system (a ground monitoring person can remotely control and adjust the height of the observation device in real time according to an observation target to carry out meteorological observation), identifying whether the instruction contains information for slowing the ascending speed of the sounding balloon 1 or speeding down the descending speed of the sounding balloon 1 in real time, if so, controlling an exhaust valve 8 and a bidirectional electric fan 9 of a controllable air valve device 2 to open, and exhausting the gas in the sounding balloon 1 (reducing the buoyancy of the observation device, so that the downward acceleration of the sounding balloon 1 is increased, and the ascending speed of the balloon is slowed down or the descending speed is accelerated), otherwise, executing the step S4;

and S4, identifying whether the instruction contains information for accelerating the ascending speed of the sounding balloon 1 or slowing down the descending speed of the sounding balloon 1, if so, controlling an inflation valve 7 of the controllable gas valve device 2 and a gas valve of the gas container 3 to be opened, and filling helium gas in the gas container 3 into the sounding balloon 1 to increase the buoyancy of the sounding observation device (so that the upward acceleration of the balloon is increased, and the ascending speed of the balloon is accelerated or slowed down), otherwise, maintaining the state of the controllable gas valve device 2 at the current moment unchanged.

Ground monitoring personnel can remotely control and adjust the height and the moving direction of the sounding observation device in real time according to the observation target to carry out meteorological observation.

Preferably, the controller 12 is further configured to automatically start the exhaust procedure of the sounding balloon when the height of the observation device (obtained by the positioning device 10) exceeds an internal upper height limit (for example, 25 km), i.e., control the exhaust valve 8 and the bidirectional electric fan 9 of the controllable gas valve device 2 to open to exhaust the helium gas in the sounding balloon 1, so that the sounding observation device is maintained below the upper height limit, and avoid the sounding balloon 1 from being ruptured due to ascending expansion, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing the sounding observation time duration.

Preferably, the inflation valve 7 and the exhaust valve 8 of the controllable air valve device 2 are arranged on the same plane. And, the charge valve 7 is disposed at the center of the above-mentioned plane, and the discharge valves 8 are respectively and uniformly disposed around the charge valve 7, as shown in fig. 2.

The bidirectional electric fan 9 is arranged right above the inflation valve.

During deployment of the scope, the sounding balloon 1 may break due to uncontrollable factors, causing the sounding scope to lose upward power and fall. In order to avoid ground casualty and damage, the sounding observation device is provided with a parachute.

Preferably, the controller 12 is further configured to control the parachute to automatically open when the observation device is detected to fall, and simultaneously, automatically cut off the sounding plumb line connecting the altitude remote control device 4 and the weather sonde device 6, so as to prevent the parachute 5 from being damaged in the altitude remote control device 4 during the falling process.

In practice, the accuracy of numerical weather forecasts depends largely on the precise mode initiation field, which relies largely on assimilating more highly accurate atmospheric observations. At present, china and all countries around the world share and exchange atmospheric observation data through a global basic observation system of the world meteorological organization so as to improve the forecasting capacity of a numerical mode weather forecasting system. In the past, most atmospheric observations are concentrated on ground meteorological stations and sounding balloons for observation, and under the condition that the life cycle of the sounding balloons is short, the prior art only collects atmospheric observation data in a limited space range, so that the meteorological observations on the ocean are seriously lacked, and the ocean initial condition errors in the modes are increased. Although marine atmospheric observation is carried out by means of satellites, airplanes, ships and the like at present, the precision and the accuracy are still limited, and the lack of global marine atmospheric sounding data is still a bottleneck for restricting high-level numerical weather forecast. The scheme is an effective means for solving the problem that the existing sounding balloon has a short life span, can improve the retention time (life span) of the sounding balloon in the air, increase the drifting distance of the sounding balloon and control the height of the sounding balloon, thereby increasing atmospheric observation in an area with low observation frequency (such as the area above the sea and with low population density) and making up the defects of the existing atmospheric observation.

Compared with the prior art, this embodiment long-term atmospheric sounding balloon observation device has following beneficial effect:

6. The moving direction of the balloon is artificially controlled in real time according to observation needs, based on the characteristic that the sounding balloon drifts along with the atmospheric wind field, the height of the sounding balloon can be controlled and adjusted through a remote control device according to an actually observed and forecasted atmospheric high-altitude wind field, the drifting direction of the balloon is changed, the sounding balloon is made to move towards a target direction, and the horizontal observation range of the sounding balloon can be expanded by controlling the moving direction of the sounding balloon and increasing the observation duration of the sounding balloon.

7. Meets the national important requirements of strengthening scientific research and technical customs in the fields of numerical forecasting modes of earth systems, disastrous weather forecasting and the like in the journal 2022-2035 of weather high quality development issued by the State administration. The method can realize autonomous control on the aspect of observation data, thereby effectively reducing the risk of serious degradation of the forecasting effect of the mid-term global numerical forecasting mode in China under the condition of interruption of international observation data exchange and providing firm weather forecasting postshield for national security.

Having described embodiments of the present disclosure, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or improvements made to the prior art, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A long-time atmospheric sounding balloon observation device is characterized by comprising a sounding balloon (1), a controllable air valve device (2), a gas container (3), a height remote control device (4), a parachute (5) and a gas image sonde device (6) which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,

the controllable gas valve device (2) is arranged at the inner side of the handle of the sounding balloon (1) and is used for starting inflation to transmit outside gas into the sounding balloon (1) in a one-way mode or starting exhaust to exhaust gas in the sounding balloon (1) to the atmosphere after receiving a control signal of the height remote control device (4);

the height remote control device (4) is arranged below the gas container (3) and used for acquiring the position of the observation device and the data of the weather sonde device (6) and sending the data to the ground monitoring system; and generating a control signal according to a control command of the ground monitoring system, transmitting the control signal to the controllable air valve device (2), and adjusting the running state of the controllable air valve device (2).

2. A long-term atmospheric sounding balloon observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the controllable air valve device (2) further comprises more than one inflation valve (7) and more than one exhaust valve (8), and a bidirectional electric fan (9) is arranged above the inflation valves; and the number of the first and second electrodes,

the inflation valve (7) and the exhaust valve (8) are both one-way air valves;

an electric control air valve is arranged at the air output end of the air container (3), the control end of the electric control air valve is connected with the output end of the height remote control device (4), and the air output end of the electric control air valve is connected with the air inlet end of the inflation valve of the controllable air valve device (2).

3. A long atmospheric sounding balloon observation device according to claim 2, characterized by the altitude remote control device (4) further comprising a positioning device (10), a signal transceiver (11) and a controller (12); wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the input end of the controller (12) is connected with the positioning device (10) and the data end of the weather sonde device (6), and the output end of the controller is respectively connected with the bidirectional electric fan (9), the inflation valve (7), the exhaust valve (8) of the controllable air valve device (2) and the electric control air valve control end of the gas container (3).

4. A long term atmospheric sounding balloon observation device according to claim 3, wherein the gas in the gas container (3) comprises one of helium, hydrogen; and also,

the height remote control device (4) is connected with the controllable air valve device (2) through the sounding plumb rope and is connected with the meteorological sonde device (6) through the sounding plumb rope.

5. The long-term atmospheric sounding balloon observation device according to claim 4, wherein the parachute (5) is detachably arranged below the altitude remote control device (4) and is connected with the altitude remote control device (4) through a sounding plumb rope; and the number of the first and second electrodes,

the meteorological sonde device (6) is arranged below the parachute (5), is connected with the parachute (5) through a sounding plumb rope, and is connected with the height remote control device (4) through a sounding plumb rope.

6. A long term atmospheric sounding balloon observation device as claimed in any one of claims 1-5, wherein the meteorological sonde unit (6) is equipped with a long-life battery to support the sonde unit for continuous operation in the air for more than 30 days, and a power monitoring module to measure the remaining power of the long-life battery; and also,

a balloon attitude measuring sensor is further arranged on the sounding balloon (1);

and the height remote control device (4) is also used for acquiring balloon attitude information and speed of the observation device and transmitting the long-life battery residual capacity of the weather sonde device (6) to the ground monitoring system.

7. A long term atmospheric sounding balloon observation device according to claim 5, characterized by the controller (12) executing the following program:

s1, before the observation device is released, controlling an inflation valve (7) of a controllable air valve device (2) to open to inflate an air detection balloon (1), monitoring that the air volume in the air detection balloon (1) reaches a release standard, controlling the inflation valve (7) of the controllable air valve device (2) to close, identifying whether a gas container (3), a height remote control device (4), a parachute (5) and a meteorological sonde device (6) are installed correctly, if so, sending control information of the releasable observation device, and executing the next step, otherwise, sending control information of reinstallation;

s2, after the observation device is released, controlling a positioning device (10) to be started, enabling the positioning device (10) to be accessed into a GPS (global positioning system) and a Beidou satellite positioning system, acquiring the longitude and latitude position and height of the observation device through the positioning device (10), and sending the longitude and latitude position and height to a ground monitoring system;

s3, after receiving a height regulating and controlling instruction sent by a ground monitoring system, identifying whether the instruction contains information for slowing down the rising speed of the sounding balloon (1) or speeding up the falling speed of the sounding balloon (1) in real time, if so, controlling an exhaust valve (8) and a bidirectional electric fan (9) of a controllable air valve device (2) to be opened to exhaust the gas in the sounding balloon (1), and otherwise, executing the step S4;

and S4, identifying whether the instruction contains information for accelerating the ascending speed of the sounding balloon (1) or slowing the descending speed of the sounding balloon (1), if so, controlling an inflation valve (7) of the controllable air valve device (2) and an air valve of the gas container (3) to be opened, and filling helium gas in the gas container (3) into the sounding balloon (1) to increase the buoyancy of the sounding observation device, otherwise, maintaining the state of the controllable air valve device (2) unchanged at the current moment.

8. A long-term atmospheric sounding balloon observation device according to claim 7, wherein the controller (12) is further configured to automatically start an exhaust procedure of the sounding balloon when the observation device is monitored to be located at a height exceeding a built-in upper altitude limit, and control the exhaust valve (8) and the bidirectional electric fan (9) of the controllable gas valve device (2) to open to exhaust gas in the sounding balloon (1), so as to maintain the sounding observation device below the upper altitude limit.

9. A long-term atmospheric sounding balloon observation device according to claim 8, wherein the inflation valve (7) and the exhaust valve (8) of the controllable air valve device (2) are arranged on the same plane; and the number of the first and second electrodes,

the inflation valve (7) is arranged in the center of the plane, and the exhaust valves (8) are respectively and uniformly distributed around the inflation valve (7);

the bidirectional electric fan (9) is arranged right above the inflation valve.

10. A long term atmospheric sounding balloon observation device according to claim 9, wherein the controller (12) is further configured to monitor that the observation device has dropped, control the parachute to open automatically, and at the same time, automatically cut off the sounding plumb line connecting the altitude remote control device (4) and the meteorological sonde device (6) to avoid damage to the parachute (5) during the dropping process in the altitude remote control device (4).