CN115856349A - Turbulent water profile flow velocity detection method and device based on laser Doppler effect - Google Patents
Turbulent water profile flow velocity detection method and device based on laser Doppler effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN115856349A CN115856349A CN202211222686.XA CN202211222686A CN115856349A CN 115856349 A CN115856349 A CN 115856349A CN 202211222686 A CN202211222686 A CN 202211222686A CN 115856349 A CN115856349 A CN 115856349A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a turbulent water body detection method and a turbulent water body detection device, in particular to a turbulent water body section flow velocity detection method and a turbulent water body section flow velocity detection device based on a laser Doppler effect, and overcomes the defect that no deep sea turbulent water body section flow velocity detection means exists in the prior art. The detection method provided by the invention adopts laser detection, laser signals are divided into measuring beams and reference beams, the backscattering echo beams generated by the measuring beams on different sections in the water body to be detected and the reference beams generate beat frequency interference, and the generated beat frequency interference signals are converted into electric signals to be operated to obtain the section flow velocity of the turbulent water body. The invention also provides a detection device for realizing the detection method, which comprises a laser, three laser beam splitters, a laser transmission light path, a laser modulation system, a laser transceiving system, a photoelectric detector, a signal processing system and a data storage system. The invention can be applied to deep sea environment and detect small-scale turbulent flow velocity, and has higher horizontal resolution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a turbulent water body detection method and a turbulent water body detection device, in particular to a turbulent water body profile flow velocity detection method and a turbulent water body profile flow velocity detection device based on a laser Doppler effect.
Background
The turbulence is an important physical marine phenomenon, can reflect the circulation and energy transfer process of marine substances, and has important significance for marine research. Due to the high non-linearity and extreme asymmetry of turbulence, complete and accurate turbulent motion processes cannot be numerically simulated, and thus, the study on turbulence is mainly based on a large amount of field observation data.
The intensive mixing and diffusion process of deep sea turbulence plays an important role in regulating and controlling global marine substance circulation and energy balance, global weather and climate change, and the absorption capacity of oceans on surplus heat and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere under the background of global warming is deeply influenced, so that the research on deep sea turbulence activity is always a hotspot of global oceanic research.
At present, turbulence and a mixed diffusion process thereof are approximately described by a turbulence energy-turbulence dissipation rate model (k-epsilon model) constructed based on a Reynolds average method. The turbulence energy and the turbulence dissipation rate which characterize the turbulence process are both determined by the turbulence flow velocity, so the flow velocity observation data is crucial to the turbulence research.
Conventional turbulence observation instruments include a turbulence profiler, a point acoustic doppler velocimeter, an acoustic doppler velocimeter, and the like. The turbulent flow profiler can obtain the dissipation rate of turbulent flow by measuring flow rate shear, and cannot calculate turbulent kinetic energy; the point acoustic Doppler current meter can obtain the dissipation rate of turbulent flow by repeatedly detecting the high frequency of a single point, but can only measure the flow velocity of the single point, cannot obtain three-dimensional flow field information of the turbulent flow, and has low data validity.
The acoustic Doppler profile velocimeter can acquire the turbulent dissipation rate and the turbulent kinetic energy by detecting the three-dimensional flow velocity of the turbulent flow, so that the intensity of turbulent flow activity can be observed, and the reason for the intensity of turbulent flow activity is explained to a certain extent. The acoustic Doppler profile flow velocity meter realizes the detection of the profile flow velocity by receiving acoustic scattering echoes caused by plankton, suspended particulate matters, bubbles and the like, but in a deep sea area, the content of scatterers such as the plankton, the suspended particulate matters and the like is extremely low, and the intensity of the acoustic scattering echoes cannot meet the requirement of the lowest signal-to-noise ratio of the high-frequency acoustic Doppler profile flow velocity meter. Therefore, the acoustic Doppler profile current meter cannot be applied to deep sea, and research on deep sea turbulence is limited.
Aiming at the defects of the observation capability of the instrument, a detection method and a device which can effectively realize the observation of the deep sea turbulent flow activity are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that no means for detecting the section flow velocity of a deep-sea turbulent water body exists in the prior art, and provides a turbulent water body section flow velocity detection device and method based on a laser Doppler effect.
The design idea of the invention is as follows:
compared with the medium and large scale physical ocean effect such as ocean circulation, medium and large scale vortex and the like, the turbulent flow is small in scale, and part of ocean turbulent flow is even in meter scale, so that in order to realize effective observation of the turbulent flow, the observation equipment must have higher horizontal resolution. The scattering echo of the laser in the deep sea is stronger, the received backscattering echo of the laser in forward transmission of the water body is extracted, and then the Doppler frequency shift of backscattering echo signals of different sections is extracted, so that the effective detection of the flow velocity of the sections can be realized.
In order to achieve the purpose and complete the invention thought, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a turbulent water section flow velocity detection method based on a laser Doppler effect is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, dividing a continuous laser signal emitted by a laser 1 into two beams, wherein one beam is marked as a measuring beam, and the other beam is marked as a reference beam;
step 5, extracting the Doppler frequency shift of the analog electric signal by adopting the signal processing system 6, and calculating by the following formula to obtain the flow velocity of each section of the water body 8 to be measured:
wherein v is the flow velocity of each section;
f is Doppler shift of each section;
λ is the wavelength of the continuous laser signal emitted by the laser 1.
Further, in the step 1, the wavelength of the continuous laser signal emitted by the laser 1 is 460nm to 550nm.
Further, still include:
and 6, transmitting the section flow velocity v of the water body to be measured 8 calculated by the signal processing system 6 to a data storage system 7 for storage.
The invention also provides a turbulent water section flow velocity detection device based on the laser Doppler effect, which is used for realizing the turbulent water section flow velocity detection method based on the laser Doppler effect and is characterized in that:
the laser system comprises a laser 1, a first laser beam splitter 121, a second laser beam splitter 122, a third laser beam splitter 123, a laser transmission light path 13, a laser modulation system 2, a laser transceiving system 4, a photoelectric detector 5, a signal processing system 6 and a data storage system 7;
the first laser beam splitter 121 is disposed on a laser transmission optical path 13 of a continuous laser signal emitted by the laser 1, and divides the continuous laser signal into two beams, one beam is marked as a measurement beam, and the other beam is marked as a reference beam; the laser modulation system 2 is positioned on a laser transmission light path 13 of the measuring light beam and modulates the measuring light beam into a pulse light beam; the third laser beam splitter 123 is located on the laser transmission optical path 13 of the reference beam;
the second laser beam splitter 122 and the laser transceiving system 4 are sequentially located on the laser transmission light path 13 of the pulse beam, the laser transceiving system 4 sends the pulse beam to the water body 8 to be detected, receives the backscatter echo beams generated by different sections of the water body 8 to be detected, and then transmits the backscatter echo beams to the third laser beam splitter 123 through the second laser beam splitter 122;
the reference beam passing through the third laser beam splitter 123 and the backscattered echo beam transmitted to the third laser beam splitter 123 via the second laser beam splitter 122 undergo beat frequency interference, generating a beat frequency interference signal; the photoelectric detector 5 is located on the laser transmission optical path 13 of the third laser beam splitter 123, and converts the detected beat frequency interference signal into an analog electrical signal and transmits the analog electrical signal to the signal processing system 6;
the data storage system 7 and the signal processing system 6 are connected through an electric signal transmission line 14 and used for storing the calculated flow velocity information of the section of the turbulent water body.
Further, the laser modulation system 2 comprises a signal source 9, a radio frequency signal amplifier 10 and a laser modulator 11 which are sequentially connected through an electric signal transmission line 14;
the laser modulator 11 is located on a laser transmission optical path 13 of the measuring beam, and modulates the measuring beam into a pulse beam.
Further, the first laser beam splitter 121, the second laser beam splitter 122, and the third laser beam splitter 123 are composed of a spatial optical component or a fiber optical component, and the splitting ratio is 1.
Further, a mirror 3 is also included;
the reflecting mirror 3 is located on the laser transmission optical path 13 of the reference beam, and is used for reflecting the reference beam to the third laser beam splitter 123;
the first laser beam splitter 121, the second laser beam splitter 122 and the third laser beam splitter 123 are flat plate beam splitters, beam splitting cubes and beam splitting prisms;
the laser transmission optical path 13 is a transmission path of laser in space.
Further, the first laser beam splitter 121, the second laser beam splitter 122, and the third laser beam splitter 123 are fiber couplers and fiber circulators;
the laser transmission optical path 13 is a transmission path of laser in an optical fiber;
the carrier of the laser transmission optical path 13 is a single mode fiber.
Further, the photodetector 5 is a photodetector, a photodiode, a photomultiplier tube, a fringe camera or a CCD and CMOS based digital camera;
the signal processing system 6 is a signal processing circuit system developed based on a single chip microcomputer, an FPGA, a DPS and an ARM, or a data acquisition card, an oscilloscope and a computer;
the signal source 9 is a commercial-grade or industrial-grade signal generator or a circuit system which is developed based on a single chip microcomputer, an FPGA, a DSP and an ARM and has signal output capability;
the radio frequency signal amplifier 10 is an independent module or a circuit board, or an integrated system integrated with a signal source;
the laser modulator 11 is an electro-optical, acousto-optical, liquid crystal modulator, or a semiconductor optical switch, a mechanical optical switch, an MEMS optical switch.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the detection of small-scale turbulent flow velocity can be carried out: the collimation of the laser is good, the detection beam width is effectively compressed and has no side wave interference, and higher horizontal resolution can be realized, so that the effective observation of turbulence can be realized.
2. Can be applied to deep sea environment: the wavelength of the laser is shorter, the echo signal of the laser not only comprises a meter scattering echo caused by suspended particles, but also comprises a Rayleigh scattering echo caused by water molecules, and even if the concentration of the suspended particles in the deep sea is extremely low, the scattering echo signal can be received, so that the effective detection of the profile flow velocity of the deep sea turbulent water body can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a turbulent water section flow velocity detection device based on laser Doppler effect according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
the reference numerals are illustrated below:
the device comprises a laser 1, a laser 2, a laser modulation system, a laser 3, a laser receiving and transmitting system 4, a photoelectric detector 5, a signal processing system 6, a data storage system 7, a water body to be measured 8, a signal source 9, a radio frequency signal amplifier 10, a laser modulator 11, a first laser beam splitter 121, a second laser beam splitter 122, a third laser beam splitter 123, a laser transmission optical path 13 and an electric signal transmission line 14.
Detailed Description
The method and the device for detecting the flow velocity of a turbulent water section based on the laser doppler effect according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example one
A detection device for the section flow velocity of a turbulent water body based on a laser Doppler effect is shown in figure 1 and comprises a laser 1, a first laser beam splitter 121, a second laser beam splitter 122, a third laser beam splitter 123, a laser transmission light path 13, a signal source 9, a radio frequency signal amplifier 10, a laser modulator 11, a reflector 3, a laser transceiving system 4, a photoelectric detector 5, a signal processing system 6 and a data storage system 7.
The beam splitting ratios of the first laser beam splitter 121, the second laser beam splitter 122 and the third laser beam splitter 123 are 1. The first laser beam splitter 121, the second laser beam splitter 122, and the third laser beam splitter 123 may be flat beam splitters, or may be beam splitting cubes or beam splitting prisms, where the laser transmission optical path 13 is a transmission path of laser in space.
The first laser beam splitter 121 is disposed on a laser transmission optical path 13 of a continuous laser signal emitted by the laser 1, and divides the continuous laser signal into two beams, one beam is marked as a measurement beam, is transmitted to the laser modulator 11, and is modulated into a pulse beam; the other beam of reflected light is marked as a reference beam and transmitted to the reflector 3; the mirror 3 is located on the transmission path of the reflected light of the first laser beam splitter 121, and reflects the reference beam to the third laser beam splitter 123.
The second laser beam splitter 122 and the laser transceiver system 4 are sequentially located on the laser transmission optical path 13 of the pulse beam. The laser transceiver system 4 transmits the pulse beam transmitted by the second laser beam splitter 122 to the water body 8 to be measured, receives the backscattered echo beams generated by different sections of the water body 8 to be measured, and then reflects the backscattered echo beams to the third laser beam splitter 123 through the second laser beam splitter 122.
The reference beam reflected to the third laser beam splitter 123 via the mirror 3 and the backscattered echo beam reflected to the third laser beam splitter 123 via the second laser beam splitter 122 undergo beat frequency interference, producing a beat frequency interference signal. The photodetector 5 is located on the laser transmission optical path 13 of the third laser beam splitter 123, and converts the detected beat frequency interference signal into an analog electrical signal to be transmitted to the signal processing system 6. The data storage system 7 and the signal processing system 6 are connected through an electric signal transmission line 14 and used for storing the calculated turbulent water section flow velocity information.
The signal source 9, the radio frequency signal amplifier 10 and the laser modulator 11 form a laser modulation system 2, and are connected in sequence through an electric signal transmission line 14. The laser modulation system 2 is used to modulate the measuring beam into a pulsed form.
The signal source 9 is used for generating a modulation signal for the normal work of the laser modulator, and is a mature commercial-grade or industrial-grade signal generator or a circuit system which is developed based on a singlechip, an FPGA, a DSP, an ARM and the like and has signal output capacity; the radio frequency signal amplifier 10 is used for amplifying the signal power emitted by the signal source 9, meets the use requirement of the laser modulator 11, and is an independent module or a circuit board or an integrated system integrated with the signal source; the laser modulator 11 is used for modulating a continuous laser signal to enable the continuous laser signal to work in a pulse form, the laser modulator 11 can be selected from an electro-optical modulator, an acousto-optic modulator, a liquid crystal modulator, a semiconductor optical switch, a mechanical optical switch, an MEMS optical switch and the like, and the electro-optical modulator and the mechanical optical switch are selected in the embodiment.
The photodetector 5, the signal processing system 6 and the data storage system 7 are connected in sequence via an electrical signal transmission line 14. The photodetector 5 is configured to receive beat frequency interference signals generated by the backscattered light of the water body received by the laser transceiver system 4 and continuous signals transmitted in the system, and convert the beat frequency interference signals into analog electrical signals, and is a device capable of converting optical signals into electrical signals, such as a photodiode, a photomultiplier tube, a fringe camera, or a digital camera based on a CCD and a CMOS, and the photodetector or the photomultiplier tube is selected in this embodiment. The signal processing system 6 is used for receiving the analog electrical signals output by the photodetector 5, and obtaining the flow velocity of each water body section by extracting doppler frequency shift, and is a signal processing circuit system developed based on a single chip microcomputer, an FPGA, a DPS, an ARM, or the like, or a device capable of acquiring and processing digital signals such as an oscilloscope or a computer, and an embedded programmable system based on an FPGA and a DSP, or a data acquisition card and an oscilloscope is selected in this embodiment. The data storage system 7 is used for storing the water body section flow velocity information calculated by the signal processing system 6.
The working principle of the detection device provided by the embodiment is as follows:
the laser 1 emits a beam of continuous laser signals, which are divided into two beams by the first laser beam splitter 121, and the beam passing through the laser modulation system 2 is recorded as a measuring beam, and the other beam is recorded as a reference beam. The laser modulator 11 modulates the measuring beam into a pulse beam, and the pulse beam is split by the second laser beam splitter 122 and then emitted by the laser transceiving system 4 to irradiate the water body 8 to be measured; the reference beam is reflected to the third laser beam splitter 123 via the mirror 3.
The pulse beams generate backward scattering echo beams at different sections in the water body 8 to be detected, the backward scattering echo beams are received by the laser transceiving system 4, transmitted to the third laser beam splitter 123 through the second laser beam splitter 122, subjected to beat frequency interference with the reference beams passing through the third laser beam splitter 123 to generate beat frequency interference signals, and received by the photoelectric detector 5.
The photodetector 5 converts the received beat frequency interference signal into an analog electrical signal, and transmits the analog electrical signal to the signal processing system 6. The signal processing system 6 extracts Doppler frequency shift from analog electric signals formed after interference of backscatter echo beams generated by each section of the water body 8 to be detected and reference beams, obtains the flow velocity of each section of the water body 8 to be detected through calculation, and transmits flow velocity detection data to the data storage system 7 for storage.
Based on the above detection device, the present embodiment further provides a method for detecting a profile flow velocity of a turbulent water body based on a laser doppler effect, including the following steps:
step 1, a laser 1 emits a continuous laser signal with the wavelength of 460nm-550nm, the continuous laser signal is divided into two beams by a first laser beam splitter 121, the beam passing through a laser modulator 11 is marked as a measuring beam, and the other beam is marked as a reference beam;
step 5, extracting the Doppler frequency shift of the analog electric signals by adopting the signal processing system 6, and calculating by the following formula to obtain the flow velocity of each section of the water body to be measured 8:
wherein v is the flow velocity of each section;
f is Doppler shift of each section;
λ is the wavelength of the continuous laser signal emitted by the laser 1;
and 6, after the signal processing system 6 calculates and obtains the flow velocity v of each section of the water body 8 to be detected, transmitting the flow velocity detection data to the data storage system 7 for storage.
Example two
Compared with the first embodiment, the detection device provided by the embodiment comprises: the reflector 3 is not included, the first laser beam splitter 121, the second laser beam splitter 122, and the third laser beam splitter 123 may be optical fiber couplers or optical fiber circulators, and at this time, the laser transmission optical path 13 is a transmission path of laser in an optical fiber, and a carrier thereof is a single mode optical fiber.
The first laser beam splitter 121 is disposed on the laser transmission optical path 13 of the continuous laser signal emitted by the laser 1, and splits the continuous laser signal into two beams, one beam is recorded as a measurement beam, and the other beam is recorded as a reference beam.
The measuring beam is transmitted to the laser modulator 11 through the single-mode fiber, and is modulated into a pulse beam, and the pulse beam is transmitted to the water body 8 to be measured through the second laser beam splitter 122 by the laser transceiver system 4; the reference beam is directly transmitted to the third laser beam splitter 123 through a single mode optical fiber.
The laser transceiver system 4 receives the backscatter echo beams generated by different sections of the water body 8 to be measured, and then transmits the backscatter echo beams to the second laser beam splitter 122, and the second laser beam splitter 122 splits the backscatter echo beams and transmits the split backscatter echo beams to the third laser beam splitter 123. The reference beam and the backward scattering echo beam generate beat frequency interference to generate a beat frequency interference signal.
Other parts of the structure, the working principle and the detection method of the embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A turbulent water section flow velocity detection method based on a laser Doppler effect is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, dividing a continuous laser signal emitted by a laser (1) into two beams, wherein one beam is marked as a measuring beam, and the other beam is marked as a reference beam;
step 2, modulating the measuring light beam into a pulse light beam, and irradiating the pulse light beam to a water body to be measured (8);
step 3, the pulse beams generate backward scattering echo beams at different sections in the water body (8) to be detected, and the backward scattering echo beams are received and subjected to beat frequency interference with the reference beams to generate beat frequency interference signals;
step 4, converting the beat frequency interference signal into an analog electric signal, and transmitting the analog electric signal to a signal processing system (6);
step 5, extracting the Doppler frequency shift of the analog electric signals by adopting a signal processing system (6), and calculating by the following formula to obtain the flow velocity of each section of the water body (8) to be measured:
wherein v is the flow velocity of each section;
f is the Doppler shift of each section;
lambda is the wavelength of the continuous laser signal emitted by the laser (1).
2. The turbulent water body profile flow velocity detection method based on the laser Doppler effect according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 1, the wavelength of a continuous laser signal emitted by the laser (1) is 460nm-550nm.
3. The turbulent water body profile flow velocity detection method based on the laser Doppler effect according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:
and 6, transmitting the section flow velocity v of the water body to be detected (8) calculated by the signal processing system (6) to a data storage system (7) for storage.
4. A turbulent water section flow velocity detection device based on laser Doppler effect is used for realizing the turbulent water section flow velocity detection method based on laser Doppler effect according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and is characterized in that:
the laser device comprises a laser device (1), a first laser beam splitter (121), a second laser beam splitter (122), a third laser beam splitter (123), a laser transmission light path (13), a laser modulation system (2), a laser transceiving system (4), a photoelectric detector (5), a signal processing system (6) and a data storage system (7);
the first laser beam splitter (121) is arranged on a laser transmission light path (13) of a continuous laser signal emitted by the laser (1) and divides the continuous laser signal into two beams, wherein one beam is marked as a measuring beam, and the other beam is marked as a reference beam; the laser modulation system (2) is positioned on a laser transmission light path (13) of the measuring beam and modulates the measuring beam into a pulse beam; the third laser beam splitter (123) is positioned on a laser transmission optical path (13) of the reference beam;
the second laser beam splitter (122) and the laser receiving and transmitting system (4) are sequentially located on a laser transmission light path (13) of the pulse light beam, the laser receiving and transmitting system (4) sends the pulse light beam to the water body (8) to be detected, receives backscatter echo light beams generated by different sections of the water body (8) to be detected, and then transmits the backscatter echo light beams to the third laser beam splitter (123) through the second laser beam splitter (122);
the reference beam passing through the third laser beam splitter (123) and the backward scattering echo beam transmitted to the third laser beam splitter (123) through the second laser beam splitter (122) are subjected to beat frequency interference to generate beat frequency interference signals; the photoelectric detector (5) is positioned on a laser transmission light path (13) of the third laser beam splitter (123) and converts the detected beat frequency interference signal into an analog electric signal and transmits the analog electric signal to the signal processing system (6);
the data storage system (7) is connected with the signal processing system (6) through an electric signal transmission line (14) and is used for storing the calculated flow velocity information of the section of the turbulent water body.
5. The turbulent water body profile flow velocity detection device based on the laser Doppler effect according to claim 4, wherein: the laser modulation system (2) comprises a signal source (9), a radio frequency signal amplifier (10) and a laser modulator (11) which are sequentially connected through an electric signal transmission line (14);
the laser modulator (11) is positioned on a laser transmission optical path (13) of the measuring beam and modulates the measuring beam into a pulse beam.
6. The turbulent water body profile flow velocity detection device based on the laser Doppler effect according to claim 5, wherein: the first laser beam splitter (121), the second laser beam splitter (122) and the third laser beam splitter (123) are space optical components or fiber optical components, and the beam splitting ratio is 1.
7. The turbulent water body profile flow velocity detection device based on the laser Doppler effect according to claim 6, wherein: further comprising a mirror (3);
the reflector (3) is positioned on a laser transmission optical path (13) of the reference beam and is used for reflecting the reference beam to the third laser beam splitter (123);
the first laser beam splitter (121), the second laser beam splitter (122) and the third laser beam splitter (123) are flat plate beam splitters, beam splitting cubes and beam splitting prisms;
the laser transmission optical path (13) is a transmission path of laser in space.
8. The turbulent water body profile flow velocity detection device based on the laser Doppler effect according to claim 6, wherein: the first laser beam splitter (121), the second laser beam splitter (122) and the third laser beam splitter (123) are optical fiber couplers and optical fiber circulators;
the laser transmission optical path (13) is a transmission path of laser in an optical fiber;
and the carrier of the laser transmission light path (13) is a single-mode optical fiber.
9. The turbulent water body section flow velocity detection device based on the laser Doppler effect according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein:
the photoelectric detector (5) is a photoelectric detector or a photomultiplier;
the signal processing system (6) is an embedded programmable system based on FPGA and DSP, or a data acquisition card and an oscilloscope;
the signal source (9) is a signal generator or an embedded programmable system with a signal output function;
the radio frequency signal amplifier (10) is an independent module or a circuit board or an integrated system integrated with a signal source;
the laser modulator (11) is an electro-optical modulator and a mechanical optical switch.
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| CN117516641A (en) * | 2024-01-05 | 2024-02-06 | 山东中云电科信息技术有限公司 | Channel section flow measurement equipment |
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| CN117516641A (en) * | 2024-01-05 | 2024-02-06 | 山东中云电科信息技术有限公司 | Channel section flow measurement equipment |
| CN117516641B (en) * | 2024-01-05 | 2024-03-26 | 山东中云电科信息技术有限公司 | Channel section flow measurement equipment |
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