CN115805279A - Forging pretreatment device and forming method for cylinder bottom forming process - Google Patents
Forging pretreatment device and forming method for cylinder bottom forming process Download PDFInfo
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- CN115805279A CN115805279A CN202211548620.XA CN202211548620A CN115805279A CN 115805279 A CN115805279 A CN 115805279A CN 202211548620 A CN202211548620 A CN 202211548620A CN 115805279 A CN115805279 A CN 115805279A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a forging pretreatment device and a forming method for a cylinder bottom forming process, which comprises the following steps: pretreating and heating a plurality of blanks according to a sequence to a temperature required by stamping; transferring the heated blanks into a flat beating die of a bearing platform one by one, and performing primary stamping on the blanks in the flat beating die by using a press machine to obtain flat blanks; transferring the flat blank obtained by primary stamping to a bending die according to a sequence, synchronously clamping and heating a new blank, transferring the new blank to a flat beating die, and respectively performing primary stamping and secondary stamping on the blanks in different dies by using the same press machine to obtain the flat blank and the bent blank; feeding the bent blank into a preheated pre-forging die for re-forging to obtain a blank; according to the invention, through flattening and bending operations, the shaping and upsetting functions are combined, and the forging performance is improved; the blank transfer time is reduced, the temperature stability of beating flat and bending treatment is improved, the two blanks are treated simultaneously, and the manufacturing efficiency of the cylinder bottom is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forging piece forming, in particular to a forging pretreatment device and a forming method in a cylinder bottom forming process.
Background
The hydraulic cylinder, as a linear hydraulic motor, is usually given a single-line force to enable a one-way stroke movement. Hydraulic cylinders are mainly used in earth moving equipment to raise or lower a boom, an arm, or a bucket, particularly in construction equipment (construction vehicles), manufacturing machines, and civil engineering. The cylinder bottom is used as an important connecting part in the hydraulic cylinder, and the working principle of the hydraulic cylinder is that a moving part is connected with a main body of the hydraulic cylinder through a bolt or a pull rod, so that the hydraulic cylinder can realize linear reciprocating motion. The cylinder bottom serving as a connecting part needs to bear stress in multiple directions in the moving process of the hydraulic cylinder, and the requirement on the mechanical property of the hydraulic cylinder is high.
As shown in fig. 1, the cylinder bottom has a complex rib structure, and the problems of metal flow direction disorder and uneven cooling rate of each part exist in the casting process, so that casting defects such as many air holes, sand holes and looseness exist in the cylinder bottom, and the mechanical performance of the product is finally affected. The problems of casting defects and low mechanical property of the cylinder bottom can be solved through forging forming in the process, meanwhile, the surface quality of the cylinder bottom can be further improved based on forging forming, and the dimensional accuracy and the service life of the forged cylinder bottom can be improved.
Most of the existing forging processes are combined with upsetting treatment before forging to improve the transverse mechanical property of a forging and reduce anisotropy, but the upsetting-forging combined mode is a plurality of independent processes, and the forging forming process for the cylinder bottom has some defects:
(1) Since the cylinder bottom machining is different from the conventional machine machining, the raw material is only subjected to rough machining by means of stamping in the conventional upsetting operation, and the shape and the like of the raw material are not subjected to targeted machining in the process. In conventional machining, the upsetting mainly aims at changing the mechanical property and carrying out limited deformation, but the upsetting is difficult to meet the requirement on multi-shape machining of the cylinder bottom;
(2) Due to the difference of conditions (such as stamping force, temperature) required by different processing procedures, generally, for the same workpiece, the workpiece needs to be processed sequentially through a plurality of independent procedures, in the sequential processing process, due to the need of frequently transferring the stations, the processing time consumption can be increased in the transferring process, in addition, heat loss can be caused in the transferring process, so that the workpiece needs to be subjected to remelting and heating, and the like, which affects the high-efficiency processing of products, and particularly, for the processing of workpieces with multiple procedures.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a forging pretreatment device for a cylinder bottom forming process and a multi-process forming method, which aim to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the number of times of pre-forging operation is large, the operation is complex, the requirement on forging equipment is high, and the number of times of forging is easy to cause serious die abrasion.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention specifically provides the following technical scheme:
a beating and bending processing device of a cylinder bottom multi-process forming method comprises:
the beating, flattening and bending integrated device is used for carrying out primary stamping and beating treatment on the heated blank and carrying out secondary stamping and bending treatment on the blank subjected to primary stamping and beating;
the clamping and transferring mechanism is arranged on the side edge of the flat-beating and bending integrated device, the clamping and transferring mechanism clamps and transfers the heated blank to the flat-beating die of the flat-beating and bending integrated device for flat-beating processing, the clamping and transferring mechanism clamps and transfers the blank after the flat-beating and bending integrated device is flat-beating processing to the bending die, and finally the clamping and transferring mechanism clamps and transfers the bent blank after the bending processing to the discharge end.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the flat beating and bending integrated device comprises correction track groups and a bearing platform arranged between the correction track groups, a press machine is arranged above the bearing platform, a flat beating lower die cavity and a bent lower die cavity which are arranged in the same row are arranged on the upper surface of the bearing platform, and a flat beating upper die plate and a bent upper die plate which are matched and corresponding are respectively arranged on the lower surface of the press machine;
the tail end of the press machine is provided with a stamping head, the parallel surfaces of the two sides of the stamping head are provided with inner sunken grooves, and the stamping head is driven by the press machine to linearly move up and down along the correction track set through the inner sunken grooves.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the clamping and transferring mechanism comprises a translation pushing assembly arranged on the side of the bearing platform, and a rotating assembly driven by the translation pushing assembly to circularly and linearly move between the flat beating mold and the bending mold, wherein the rotating assembly is connected with a clamping assembly;
the rotating assembly drives the clamping assembly to rotate circularly between the feeding end and the flat beating mold, and drives the clamping assembly to rotate circularly between the bending mold and the discharging end;
the clamping assembly is used for clamping and fixing the heated blank and is matched with the rotating assembly to transfer the heated blank to the flat beating lower die cavity;
the clamping assembly is used for clamping and fixing a once-punched blank, transferring the once-punched blank to the bending lower die cavity by matching with the translation pushing assembly, and simultaneously clamping and transferring a new blank to the flattening lower die cavity;
the clamping assembly is used for clamping the bent blank after the secondary stamping is fixed and is matched with the rotating assembly to transfer and discharge the bent blank after the secondary stamping, and the clamping assembly moves to the flat beating lower die to clamp the new blank after the primary stamping.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the translational pushing assembly includes a base table, and a linear driving member disposed at one end of the base table, an output shaft of the linear driving member is connected with a working rod, a smooth cutting groove is disposed on an upper surface of the base table, and the linear driving member drives the working rod to linearly move along a surface of the smooth cutting groove;
the working rod is provided with two loading points for mounting the rotating assembly, the distance between the two loading points is the same as the distance between the flat beating mould and the bending mould, and the base table is provided with a cutting groove for accommodating the rotating assembly.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the rotating assembly includes a hollow cylinder movably mounted on the loading point, and a sawtooth strip disposed on an inner wall of a side curved surface of the hollow cylinder, a driving gear engaged with the sawtooth strip is disposed inside the hollow cylinder, a servo motor is mounted on the working rod, an output shaft of the servo motor is connected to the driving gear, the servo motor drives the driving gear to rotate, and further drives the hollow cylinder to rotate cyclically between a feeding end and the flat-beating lower mold cavity through engagement processing of the driving gear and the sawtooth strip, and between a discharging end and the curved lower mold cavity.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the end part of the hollow cylinder is provided with an arc-shaped bent hole, and an output shaft of the servo motor penetrates through the arc-shaped bent hole to be connected with the driving gear;
the diameter of the hollow cylinder is larger than that of the working rod, the outer surface of the hollow cylinder is attached to the inner surface of the smooth cutting groove, and the circle center of the smooth cutting groove and the circle center of the hollow cylinder are located at the same position.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the clamping assembly comprises an extension cavity column arranged on the side curved surface of the hollow cylinder and an opening and closing gripper movably arranged at the tail end of the extension cavity column, a driving cylinder is arranged in the extension cavity column, a moving slider is arranged at the tail end of the driving cylinder, and the moving slider is connected with the opening and closing gripper through a movable rod;
the driving cylinder drives the movable sliding block to move in a telescopic mode inside the extending cavity column, and the movable sliding block pulls the opening and closing hand grips to perform opening and closing work in the telescopic moving process so as to clamp and fix blanks.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, pushing assemblies are arranged at the bottom of the flat beating lower die cavity of the flat beating die and the bottom of the bending lower die cavity of the bending die, the pushing assemblies drive the blanks after primary stamping in the flat beating lower die cavity to be pushed out from the flat beating lower die cavity by moving up and down, and the pushing assemblies drive the bent blanks after secondary stamping in the bending lower die cavity to be pushed out from the bending lower die cavity by moving up and down.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention also provides a molding method of a forging pretreatment apparatus in a cylinder bottom molding process, comprising the steps of:
step 100, preprocessing a plurality of blanks according to a sequence and heating the blanks to a temperature required by stamping;
200, transferring the heated blanks into flat beating molds of a bearing platform one by one, and performing primary stamping on the blanks in the flat beating molds by using a press machine to obtain flat blanks;
300, transferring the flat blank obtained by primary stamping to the bending die according to a sequence, synchronously clamping and heating a new blank, transferring the new blank to the flat beating die, and performing primary stamping and secondary stamping on the blanks in different dies by using the same press machine to obtain the flat blank and the bent blank;
step 400, preheating the pre-forging die and the finish-forging die, sending the bent blank into the preheated pre-forging die for re-forging to obtain a blank, and shaping the blank by using the preheated finish-forging die.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, in step 200 and step 300, the lower dies of the flattening die and the bending die are respectively disposed on the central axis of the bearing platform, and the lower dies of the flattening die and the bending die are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the center of the bearing platform;
the method comprises the following steps of respectively carrying out primary stamping and secondary stamping on blanks in different dies by utilizing the same press machine to obtain flat blanks and bent blanks:
(1) Clamping the heated blank by using a clamping assembly A and transferring the clamped blank to a lower die of the flat beating die;
(2) Clamping the blank after primary stamping by using the same clamping assembly A and transferring the blank to a lower die of the bending die;
(3) The clamping component B synchronously transfers to the flat beating die along with the movement of the clamping component A, the clamping component B clamps the heated new blank and transfers the new blank to the flat beating component, the blank in different dies is respectively subjected to primary stamping and secondary stamping by using the same press machine to obtain a flat blank and a bent blank, and the stamping work of the two blanks is completed simultaneously;
(4) The clamping assembly A clamps and transfers the bent blank in the bending die;
(5) And (5) repeating the steps (2) to (4), and finishing the flattening and bending processing operation of the heated blank according to the sequence.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention integrates the cylinder bottom processing mode into a sequential processing mode by utilizing the characteristic that the same pressure can be utilized during flattening and bending and the temperature has gradient change in the cylinder bottom processing process, integrates flattening and bending operations under the same press machine, and carries out flow-type processing on blanks one by one according to the sequential mode, thereby ensuring the continuity of flattening and bending processing and the gradient of temperature change, and obviously reducing the stamping times of forging according to the requirements of the cylinder bottom forming process on the premise of not influencing the processing quality of products. In addition, the automatic blank transfer and new blank feeding operation are completed by the integrated clamping assembly, so that the efficiency is high, the two blanks can be synchronously processed, and the manufacturing efficiency of the cylinder bottom is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cylinder bottom of a hydraulic cylinder provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a molding structure obtained at each step of a multi-step molding method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of one of the moving states of the slap flat bending processing device according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating another moving state of the flat-beating and bending processing device according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a flat-beating bending processing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a translational thrust assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic side sectional view of a rotating assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a mounting structure of a rotating assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic top view of a clamping assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the drawings denote the following, respectively:
1-flat beating and bending integrated device; 2-a pushing assembly; 4-a clamping and transferring mechanism;
11-correction track group; 12-a load-bearing platform; 13-a press; 14-a punch head; 15-sinking the groove inwards;
41-translation pushing component; 42-a rotating assembly; 43-a clamping assembly;
411-base table; 412-a linear drive; 413-a work bar; 414-smooth grooving; 415-cutting a groove;
421-hollow cylinder; 422-sawtooth strip; 423-driving gear; 424-servo motor; 425-arc bending hole;
431-extended cavity post; 432-opening and closing the hand grip; 433-driving a cylinder; 434-moving the slider; 425-a movable rod.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a beating and bending processing device in a cylinder bottom forming process, wherein the multi-process forming sequence provided by the embodiment comprises heating, beating, bending, pre-forging and final forging operations, wherein the beating and bending operations both need to be performed by a press, and through three material distribution processes of beating, bending and pre-forging, a forged piece with a shape similar to that of a finished product is obtained through shaping and upsetting of a blank, so that the problems of folding, cracking, material shortage and the like of a high-rib type cylinder bottom in the forging forming process can be avoided effectively.
The beating and bending device in the cylinder bottom multi-process forming device specifically comprises a beating and bending integrated device 1 and a clamping and transferring mechanism 4.
The flattening and bending integrated device 1 is used for carrying out primary stamping flattening treatment on the heated blank and carrying out secondary stamping and bending treatment on the blank after primary stamping flattening treatment.
As shown in fig. 3, the flat-beating and bending integrated device 1 includes a correction track group 11 and a bearing platform 12 disposed between the correction track group 11, a press machine 13 is disposed above the bearing platform 12, a flat-beating lower die cavity and a bent lower die cavity in the same row are disposed on the upper surface of the bearing platform 12, and a flat-beating upper die plate and a bent upper die plate corresponding to each other in matching are disposed on the lower surface of the press machine 13.
The tail end of the press machine 13 is provided with a stamping head 14, the parallel surfaces of the two sides of the stamping head 14 are provided with inner sunken grooves 15, and the stamping head 14 is driven by the press machine 13 to linearly move up and down along the correction track set 11 through the inner sunken grooves 15.
In the present embodiment, the press machine 13 performs flattening and bending press processing on the blank by the press head 14, and as a novel point of the present embodiment, the present embodiment can perform flattening processing on one blank while bending another blank, so that the single press motion of the press machine can realize processing operation on at least two blanks, thereby improving the overall working efficiency of the cylinder bottom shaping operation.
The clamping and transferring mechanism 4 is arranged on the side edge of the flat-beating and bending integrated device 1, the clamping and transferring mechanism 4 clamps and transfers the heated blank to a flat-beating die of the flat-beating and bending integrated device 1 for flat-beating processing, the clamping and transferring mechanism 4 clamps and transfers the blank after the flat-beating and bending integrated device 1 to the bending die, and finally the clamping and transferring mechanism 4 clamps and transfers the bent blank after the bending processing to the discharge end.
The pan feeding end can set up pan feeding conveying mechanism, the discharge end sets up ejection of compact conveying mechanism, consequently centre gripping transfer mechanism 4 shifts the blank that heats on the pan feeding conveying mechanism to clap flat lower mould chamber in clapping flat crooked integrated device 1 and clap flat processing, reuse centre gripping transfer mechanism 4 will clap the blank centre gripping of flat back and still being in the high temperature state and shift to clapping the crooked lower mould chamber in flat crooked integrated device 1 and carry out bending processing, centre gripping transfer mechanism 4 shifts the blank after bending processing to ejection of compact conveying mechanism at last.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the clamping and transferring mechanism 4 comprises a translational pushing assembly 41 arranged on the side of the carrying platform 12, and two rotating assemblies 42 driven by the translational pushing assembly 41 to circularly and linearly move between the flat mold and the bending mold, wherein the rotating assemblies 42 are connected with a clamping assembly 43.
The rotating assembly 42 drives the clamping assembly 43 to rotate circularly between the feeding end and the flat beating mold, and the rotating assembly 42 drives the clamping assembly 43 to rotate circularly between the bending mold and the discharging end.
The clamping assembly 43 is used for clamping and fixing the heated blank, and the rotating assembly 42 is matched to transfer the heated blank to the flat lower die cavity.
The clamping assembly 43 is used for clamping and fixing the once-punched blank, and the translation pushing assembly 41 is matched to transfer the once-punched blank to the bending lower die cavity, and meanwhile, the clamping assembly also transfers a new blank clamping to the flattening lower die cavity.
The clamping assembly 43 is used for clamping and fixing the bent blank after the secondary stamping, the bent blank after the secondary stamping is transferred and discharged by matching with the rotating assembly 42, and the clamping assembly 43 moves to the flat beating lower die again to clamp the new blank after the primary stamping.
Among the prior art, the most blank centre gripping after utilizing the manipulator to heat shifts to clap flat mould, and utilize same manipulator to shift to the bending die with the blank centre gripping after the processing of beating the interior punching press of flat mould, utilize the crooked blank centre gripping of this manipulator completion in with the bending die secondary punching press at last to shift, and above-mentioned operation utilizes same manipulator to accomplish material transfer operation many times, the crooked blank centre gripping that the secondary punching press was accomplished in with the bending die of manipulator shifts, still will return again and clap flat mould position and reload, the position that leads to whole processing operation changes many, low work efficiency, and hardly satisfy clapping and bending to two blanks simultaneously.
In this embodiment, the number of the rotating assemblies 42 is two, the number of the clamping assemblies 43 is also two, one clamping assembly mainly completes the clamping and transferring of the heated blank to the flat beating mold, the other clamping assembly mainly completes the transferring of the flat beating blank to the bending mold, and the clamping and transferring of the processed bending blank are achieved, so that the two clamping assemblies are utilized in the embodiment, the flat beating and bending processing of the two blanks can be simultaneously met respectively, the production efficiency of the whole cylinder bottom multi-process machining is improved in the embodiment, and the working efficiency of the flat beating and bending processing stage is improved.
As shown in fig. 6, the translational thrust assembly 41 includes a base table 411 and a linear driving member 412 disposed at one end of the base table 411, an output shaft of the linear driving member 412 is connected with a working rod 413, a smooth slot 414 is disposed on an upper surface of the base table 411, and the linear driving member 412 drives the working rod 413 to move linearly along a surface of the smooth slot 414.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the working rod 413 is provided with two loading points for mounting the rotating assembly 42, the distance between the two loading points is the same as the distance between the flattening die and the bending die, and the base table 411 is provided with a cutting groove 415 for accommodating the rotating assembly 42.
In the embodiment, the translation pushing assembly 41 is used for driving the working rod 413 to linearly move along the surface of the smooth cutting groove 414, and one of the rotating assemblies 42 and the matched clamping assembly 43 needs to be transferred from the flat beating die to the bending die, so that the blank transfer work for high temperature is completed.
Meanwhile, when the rotating assembly 42 clamps the blank in the flat beating die and transfers the blank to the bending die, the other rotating assembly 42 moves to the flat beating die again, drives a new high-temperature blank to clamp and transfer the blank to the flat beating die, and finally completes flat beating processing on one blank and bending and stamping processing on the other blank by matching with the work of the press machine 13.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the main function of the translational pushing assembly 41 is to move a rotating assembly 42 and a clamping assembly 43 back and forth between the flat beating die and the bending die in a circulating manner, so as to realize the operation of transferring the blank after one-time punching to the bending die. The rotating assembly 42 comprises a hollow cylinder 421 movably mounted on a loading point, and a sawtooth strip 422 arranged on the side curved surface inner wall of the hollow cylinder 421, a driving gear 423 meshed with the sawtooth strip 422 is arranged inside the hollow cylinder 421, a servo motor 424 is mounted on a working rod 413, an output shaft of the servo motor 424 is connected with the driving gear 423, the servo motor 424 drives the driving gear 423 to rotate, and then the hollow cylinder 421 is driven to rotate between a feeding end and a flat lower die cavity through the meshing processing of the driving gear 423 and the sawtooth strip 422, and the die cavity rotates circularly between a discharging end under the bending.
The end of the hollow cylinder 421 is provided with an arc-shaped bent hole 425, the output shaft of the servo motor 424 passes through the arc-shaped bent hole 425 to be connected with the driving gear 423, the diameter of the hollow cylinder 421 is larger than that of the working rod 413, the outer surface of the hollow cylinder 421 is attached to the inner surface of the smooth cutting groove 414, and the center of the smooth cutting groove 414 is located at the same position as that of the hollow cylinder 421.
The rotating assembly 42 is used for reciprocating rotation between the feeding end and the flat beating lower die cavity and between the bending lower die cavity and the discharging end, so that the clamping assembly 43 is matched to complete feeding and discharging.
Therefore, in this embodiment, the feeding end is located at the side of the flat beating mold, the feeding end is opposite to the flat beating mold, the discharging end is located at the same side of the bending mold, and the discharging end is opposite to the bending mold, the rotating assembly 42 can drive the clamping assembly 43 to reciprocate between the feeding end and the flat beating mold, and can also drive the clamping assembly 43 to reciprocate between the discharging end and the bending mold.
The specific realization principle is as follows:
When the rotating assembly 42 drives the clamping assembly 43 to rotate until the clamping head faces the lower die cavity of the flat beating die, after the clamping assembly 43 clamps the blank after primary stamping, the rotating assembly 42 is driven to be transferred to the bending die by combining with the translation pushing assembly 41, and the blank after primary stamping is released and automatically falls into the bending die.
Simultaneously next rotating assembly 42 shifts to clapping the flat mould, and rotating assembly 42 drives clamping component 43 and rotates to the holding head towards the pan feeding end, and after clamping component 43 centre gripping new blank, rotating assembly 42 drives clamping component 43 and rotates the lower die cavity of putting the holding head towards clapping the flat mould.
As shown in fig. 9, the clamping assembly 43 includes an extension cavity column 431 disposed on a side curved surface of the hollow cylinder 421, and an opening and closing gripper 432 movably mounted at a distal end of the extension cavity column 431, a driving cylinder 433 is disposed inside the extension cavity column 431, a moving slider 434 is mounted at a distal end of the driving cylinder 433, and the moving slider 434 is connected with the opening and closing gripper 432 through a movable rod 435.
The driving cylinder 433 drives the moving slider 434 to move in the extending cavity column 431 in a telescopic mode, and the moving slider 434 pulls the opening and closing hand grips 432 to perform opening and closing work in the telescopic moving process so as to clamp and fix the blank.
The clamping assembly 43 is used for clamping and releasing the blank, and in the embodiment, the specific implementation principle of the clamping assembly 43 is as follows:
when the rotating assembly 42 is matched to rotate until the blank is transferred to the feeding end, or the blank stamped at one time in the flat beating die is transferred to the bending die, the driving cylinder 433 drives the movable sliding block 434 to retract inwards in the extension cavity column 431, and the movable sliding block 434 pulls the opening and closing hand grip 432 to do a combining action so as to clamp and fix the blank;
when the rotating assembly 42 rotates to transfer the blank to the flat beating die for blanking, or the bending die for blanking, or the discharging end is positioned for blanking, the driving cylinder 433 drives the moving slider 434 to extend outwards in the extending cavity column 431, and the moving slider 434 pushes the opening and closing gripper 432 to open.
It needs to be supplemented and described that the pushing assembly 2 is arranged at the bottom of the flat beating lower die cavity of the flat beating die and at the bottom of the bent lower die cavity of the bending die, the pushing assembly 2 drives the blank after primary stamping in the flat beating lower die cavity to be pushed out from the flat beating lower die cavity by moving up and down, and the pushing assembly 2 drives the bent blank after secondary stamping in the bent lower die cavity to be pushed out from the bent lower die cavity by moving up and down.
In this embodiment, the clamping assembly 43 rotates to the clamping head towards the flat beating die, and then the blank after the primary stamping needs to be clamped and fixed, and under the pushing of the translational pushing assembly 41, the blank clamped and fixed in the clamping assembly 43 is transferred to the bending die, and meanwhile, the clamping assembly 43 also needs to clamp and fix the bent blank after the secondary stamping, and rotates to the discharge end under the driving of the rotating assembly 42.
Therefore, in order to clamp the clamping assembly 43 to realize clamping and fixing, the pushing assemblies 2 are required to be arranged at the bottom of the flat beating lower die cavity of the flat beating die and the bottom of the bent lower die cavity of the bending die, so that the blank after primary stamping is pushed out, the clamping assembly 43 is convenient to fix, the blank after secondary stamping can be pushed, and the clamping assembly 43 is convenient to fix.
In addition, the embodiment also provides a multi-step forming method of the multi-step forming device for the high-rib cylinder bottom of the hydraulic cylinder, the multi-step forming sequence provided by the embodiment comprises heating, flattening, bending, pre-forging and final forging operations, wherein the blank raw material is flattened and bent before the pre-forging through a three-step material distribution process of flattening, bending and pre-forging, the flattening operation obtains an ideal blank thickness, and the bending processing can obtain a bent blank meeting the shape of the cylinder bottom in advance, so that the hammering processing times during the pre-forging are reduced, and the problems of folding, cracking, material shortage and the like of the high-rib cylinder bottom in the forging forming process are avoided.
This embodiment will clap flat and bending operation sets up under the effect of same press to reduce blank transfer time, improve the temperature stability who claps flat and bending treatment, consequently clap flat and bending operation and all need be in under the blank high temperature state, just change the shape of blank easily, guarantee to clap flat and bending operation's continuity and guarantee the temperature uniformity of blank.
In addition, the invention also provides a forming method of the forging pretreatment device in the cylinder bottom forming process, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 100, a plurality of blanks are pretreated according to a sequence and heated to a temperature required by stamping.
The flatness of the end face of the blank is +/-0.5 degrees, and the bending and upsetting condition of the blank can be effectively avoided during upsetting.
And (3) putting the blank into a medium-frequency induction heating furnace, heating at 1200 ℃ for 30 minutes, taking three blanks at a furnace door, and determining that the temperature of a blank core is in the range of 1150-1230 ℃ by using an infrared temperature measuring gun, so that the next upsetting procedure can be carried out.
200, transferring the heated blanks one by one to a flat beating die of a bearing platform, and performing primary stamping on the blanks in the flat beating die by using a press machine to obtain flat blanks;
and 300, transferring the flat blanks obtained by primary stamping to the bending die according to a sequence, synchronously clamping and heating new blanks, transferring the new blanks to the flat beating die, and respectively performing primary stamping and secondary stamping on the blanks in different dies by using the same press machine to obtain the flat blanks and the bent blanks.
In step 200 and step 300, the lower dies of the flat beating die and the bending die are respectively arranged on the central axis of the bearing platform, and the lower dies of the flat beating die and the bending die are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the center of the bearing platform;
the method for respectively carrying out primary stamping and secondary stamping on the blanks in different dies by utilizing the same press to obtain the flat blank and the bent blank comprises the following implementation steps:
(1) Clamping the heated blank by using a clamping assembly A and transferring the clamped blank to a lower die of the flat beating die;
(2) Clamping the blank after primary stamping by using the same clamping assembly A and transferring the blank to a lower die of the bending die;
(3) The clamping component B is synchronously transferred to the flat beating module along with the movement of the clamping component A, the clamping component B clamps the heated new blank and transfers the new blank to the flat beating module, the same press machine is used for respectively carrying out primary stamping and secondary stamping on the blank in different dies to obtain a flat blank and a bent blank, and the stamping work of the two blanks is finished simultaneously;
(4) The clamping assembly A clamps and transfers the bent blank in the bending die;
(5) And (5) repeating the steps (2) to (4), and finishing flattening and bending processing operations of the heated blank according to the sequence.
Step 400, preheating the pre-forging die and the finish-forging die, sending the bent blank into the preheated pre-forging die for re-forging to obtain a blank, and shaping the blank by using the preheated finish-forging die. The temperature of each position of the pre-forging die is in the range of 150-200 ℃, the surface and the cavity of the die are cleaned before forging, and the die cavity is determined to be clean and free of scrap iron and oxide skin.
The temperature of each position of the finish forging die is 150-200 ℃, the temperature of the forged piece after finish forging is more than or equal to 850 ℃, and the forged piece is a qualified finished product forged piece after the appearance of the forged piece is inspected to have no defects such as material shortage, cracks, folding and the like after forging.
The forming structure obtained in steps 200-500 is shown in fig. 2, after the cylinder bottom of the present embodiment adopts the three-time material-dividing forming process, the maximum forming time during finish forging is 572.6t, which is about 1/4 of that of the two-time material-dividing forming process, the material utilization rate is also increased from 70.1% to 75.3%, the product forming condition is relatively stable, and the yield reaches 99.1%.
The automatic feeding, blank transferring and discharging operation is completed by the embodiment, the efficiency is high, the two blanks can be synchronously processed, and the manufacturing efficiency of the cylinder bottom can be improved.
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present application and such modifications and equivalents should also be considered to be within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A forging pretreatment device for a cylinder bottom forming process is characterized by comprising:
the flattening and bending integrated device (1) is used for carrying out primary stamping flattening treatment on the preprocessed blank and carrying out secondary stamping bending treatment on the blank subjected to the primary stamping flattening;
centre gripping shifts mechanism (4), sets up the side of clapping crooked integrative device (1), centre gripping shifts mechanism (4) blank centre gripping after will heating and shifts to clapping the flat mould of clapping of flat crooked integrative device (1) and clapping flat the processing, centre gripping shifts mechanism (4) will clap the blank centre gripping after flat crooked integrative device (1) claps flat the processing and shift to crooked mould, at last centre gripping shifts mechanism (4) will pass through crooked blank centre gripping after crooked processing and shifts to the discharge end.
2. The forging pretreatment apparatus for a cylinder bottom forming process according to claim 1, wherein:
the flat beating and bending integrated device (1) comprises correcting track groups (11) and bearing platforms (12) arranged between the correcting track groups (11), a press machine (13) is arranged above the bearing platforms (12), flat beating lower die cavities and bending lower die cavities which are in the same row are arranged on the upper surfaces of the bearing platforms (12), and flat beating upper die plates and bending upper die plates which are matched and correspond to each other are respectively arranged on the lower surfaces of the press machine (13);
the tail end of the press machine (13) is provided with a stamping head (14), the parallel surfaces of the two sides of the stamping head (14) are provided with inner sunken grooves (15), and the stamping head (14) is driven by the press machine (13) to move linearly up and down along the correction track set (11) through the inner sunken grooves (15).
3. The forging pretreatment apparatus for a cylinder bottom forming process according to claim 2, wherein:
the clamping and transferring mechanism (4) comprises a translation pushing assembly (41) arranged on the side of the bearing platform (12) and two rotating assemblies (42) driven by the translation pushing assembly (41) to circularly and linearly move between the flat beating mould and the bending mould, and each rotating assembly (42) is connected with a clamping assembly (43);
the rotating assembly (42) drives the clamping assembly (43) to rotate circularly between the feeding end and the flat beating mold, and the rotating assembly (42) drives the clamping assembly (43) to rotate circularly between the bending mold and the discharging end;
the clamping assembly (43) is used for clamping and fixing the heated blank and is matched with the rotating assembly (42) to transfer the heated blank to the flat beating lower die cavity;
one clamping assembly (43) is used for clamping and fixing the once-punched blank and is matched with the translation pushing assembly (41) to transfer the once-punched blank to the bending lower die cavity, and the other clamping assembly also clamps and transfers a new blank to the flattening lower die cavity;
the clamping assembly (43) is used for clamping the bent blank after the secondary stamping and is matched with the rotating assembly (42) to transfer and discharge the bent blank after the secondary stamping, and the clamping assembly (43) moves to the flat beating lower die to clamp the new blank after the primary stamping.
4. The forging pretreatment apparatus for a cylinder bottom forming process according to claim 3, wherein:
the translation pushing assembly (41) comprises a base table (411) and a linear driving piece (412) arranged at one end of the base table (411), an output shaft of the linear driving piece (412) is connected with a working rod (413), a smooth slot (414) is formed in the upper surface of the base table (411), and the linear driving piece (412) drives the working rod (413) to linearly move along the surface of the smooth slot (414);
the utility model discloses a rotating assembly's (42) is equipped with the installation, work pole (413) are equipped with two and are used for the installation the loading point of rotating assembly (42), two the interval between the loading point with beat flat mould and crooked mould between the interval the same, just be equipped with on base platform (411) and be used for holding cutting groove (415) of rotating assembly (42).
5. The forging pretreatment apparatus for a cylinder bottom forming process according to claim 4, wherein:
rotating assembly (42) including movable mounting hollow cylinder (421) on the loading point, and set up sawtooth strip (422) on the hollow cylinder (421) side curved surface inner wall, the inside of hollow cylinder (421) be equipped with sawtooth strip (422) intermeshing's driving gear (423), install servo motor (424) on work lever (413), the output shaft of servo motor (424) with driving gear (423) link together, servo motor (424) drive driving gear (423) rotate, and then pass through driving gear (423) with the meshing of sawtooth strip (422) is handled and is driven hollow cylinder (421) at the pan feeding end with beat flat die cavity down, and in crooked die cavity circulation rotation between the discharge end down.
6. The forging pretreatment apparatus for a cylinder bottom forming process according to claim 5, wherein:
an arc-shaped bent hole (425) is formed in the end portion of the hollow cylinder (421), and an output shaft of the servo motor (424) penetrates through the arc-shaped bent hole (425) to be connected with the driving gear (423);
the diameter of the hollow cylinder (421) is larger than that of the working rod (413), the outer surface of the hollow cylinder (421) is attached to the inner surface of the smooth cutting groove (414), and the circle center of the smooth cutting groove (414) is located at the same position as that of the hollow cylinder (421).
7. The forging pretreatment apparatus for a cylinder bottom forming process according to claim 5, wherein:
the clamping assembly (43) comprises an extending cavity column (431) arranged on a side curved surface of the hollow cylinder (421), and an opening and closing hand grip (432) movably arranged at the tail end of the extending cavity column (431), a driving cylinder (433) is arranged inside the extending cavity column (431), a moving sliding block (434) is arranged at the tail end of the driving cylinder (433), and the moving sliding block (434) is connected with the opening and closing hand grip (432) through a movable rod (435);
the driving cylinder (433) drives the movable sliding block (434) to move in a telescopic mode inside the extending cavity column (431), and the movable sliding block (434) pulls the opening and closing hand grips (432) to open and close in the telescopic moving process so as to clamp and fix blanks.
8. The forging pretreatment apparatus for a cylinder bottom forming process according to claim 1, wherein:
clap flat mould of flat mould clap die cavity bottom and bending die's crooked die cavity bottom all is equipped with promotion subassembly (2), promotion subassembly (2) drive through reciprocating the blank after clapping flat die cavity once-through stamping is followed clap flat die cavity is released down, just promotion subassembly (2) drive through reciprocating the crooked blank after crooked die cavity once-through stamping is followed crooked die cavity is released down.
9. A molding method of a forging pretreatment apparatus based on the cylinder bottom molding process according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
step 100, preprocessing a plurality of blanks according to a sequence and heating the blanks to a temperature required by stamping;
200, transferring the heated blanks into flat beating molds of a bearing platform one by one, and performing primary stamping on the blanks in the flat beating molds by using a press machine to obtain flat blanks;
300, transferring the flat blank obtained by primary stamping to the bending die according to a sequence, synchronously clamping and heating a new blank, transferring the new blank to the flat beating die, and performing primary stamping and secondary stamping on the blanks in different dies by using the same press machine to obtain the flat blank and the bent blank;
step 400, preheating the pre-forging die and the finish-forging die, sending the bent blank into the preheated pre-forging die for re-forging to obtain a blank, and shaping the blank by using the preheated finish-forging die.
10. The molding method according to claim 9, wherein in steps 200 and 300, the lower molds of the flat mold and the bending mold are respectively arranged on the central axis of the bearing platform, and the lower molds of the flat mold and the bending mold are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the center of the bearing platform;
the method comprises the following steps of respectively carrying out primary stamping and secondary stamping on blanks in different dies by utilizing the same press machine to obtain flat blanks and bent blanks:
(1) Clamping the heated blank by using a clamping assembly A and transferring the clamped blank to a lower die of the flat beating die;
(2) Clamping the blank after primary stamping by using the same clamping assembly A and transferring the blank to a lower die of the bending die;
(3) The clamping component B is synchronously transferred to the flat beating module along with the movement of the clamping component A, the clamping component B clamps the heated new blank and transfers the new blank to the flat beating module, the same press machine is used for respectively carrying out primary stamping and secondary stamping on the blank in different dies to obtain a flat blank and a bent blank, and the stamping work of the two blanks is finished simultaneously;
(4) The clamping assembly A clamps and transfers the bent blank in the bending die;
(5) And (5) repeating the steps (2) to (4), and finishing flattening and bending processing operations of the heated blank according to the sequence.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211548620.XA CN115805279A (en) | 2022-12-05 | 2022-12-05 | Forging pretreatment device and forming method for cylinder bottom forming process |
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| CN202211548620.XA CN115805279A (en) | 2022-12-05 | 2022-12-05 | Forging pretreatment device and forming method for cylinder bottom forming process |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116571675A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-08-11 | 广州艾研精密机械有限公司 | Forging and pressing speed adjustable knuckle forging and pressing device for production |
| CN117816882A (en) * | 2024-03-06 | 2024-04-05 | 江苏圣贤锻造有限责任公司 | Petrochemical pressure vessel tube plate forging equipment and process |
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2022
- 2022-12-05 CN CN202211548620.XA patent/CN115805279A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116571675A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-08-11 | 广州艾研精密机械有限公司 | Forging and pressing speed adjustable knuckle forging and pressing device for production |
| CN117816882A (en) * | 2024-03-06 | 2024-04-05 | 江苏圣贤锻造有限责任公司 | Petrochemical pressure vessel tube plate forging equipment and process |
| CN117816882B (en) * | 2024-03-06 | 2024-05-03 | 江苏圣贤锻造有限责任公司 | Petrochemical pressure vessel tube plate forging equipment and process |
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