CN115770719B - Zinc-aluminum-magnesium surface coating treatment process capable of preventing coating from falling off during stamping - Google Patents
Zinc-aluminum-magnesium surface coating treatment process capable of preventing coating from falling off during stamping Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of material surface treatment, in particular to a zinc-aluminum-magnesium material surface coating treatment process capable of preventing coating from being punched and fallen, which utilizes a screening (polishing) -scoring-acid soaking and washing process to treat the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material, improves the surface treatment effect and is beneficial to improving the subsequent surface coating adhesion effect; meanwhile, a coating slurry dipping-oscillating-standing-vacuum drying treatment process is introduced, so that uniform formation of the coating is avoided, oxidation caused by contact of the hardening process of the coating with air is avoided, the forming effect of the coating is improved, the flexibility and the adhesiveness of the coating are improved, falling of the coating during stamping is effectively prevented, and the protection effect on zinc-aluminum-magnesium materials is enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material surface treatment, in particular to a zinc-aluminum-magnesium material surface coating treatment process capable of preventing coating from falling off during punching.
Background
The Zn-Al-Mg material is an alloy material containing Zn, al and Mg, and has the characteristics of light weight and the like, and is also called as light metal. However, the different contents of zinc, aluminum, magnesium, etc. in the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material will affect various properties of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material, for example: the abrasion resistance of the surface of the metal material is poor due to the fact that the aluminum component is too much; the magnesium component is more abundant, which results in poor corrosion resistance. The traditional zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy is formed by adding a proper amount of zinc component in the aluminum-magnesium alloy process, and the zinc cost is generally higher, and the addition amount is extremely low, so that the main components in the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material are aluminum and magnesium components. Because the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material contains metals with highest chemical activity in all industrial alloys, the alloy containing magnesium is easier to oxidize compared with other aluminum alloys, particularly in a humid environment, the oxidation corrosion effect is more obvious, a large number of white shifts are formed on the surface, the attractiveness and even the mechanical properties of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material are affected, the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material are poor, and the application of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material is severely limited.
The surface modification treatment can overcome the defects of poor wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material on the basis of keeping the overall performance of the light metals such as the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material, and is widely focused and researched at home and abroad, so that a large number of technologies related to the metal surface modification treatment are formed. For example: the patent number 200410009189.7 discloses that a medium ball, composite powder and a part to be treated are placed in a closed container, and are heated in a furnace and subjected to mechanical vibration mode, so that a plurality of physicochemical processes such as diffusion, reaction, sintering and the like are simultaneously carried out under the combination of heat energy, mechanical impact and the like, the purpose of forming an alloy coating on the surface of the part to be treated is met, the defects of high heating temperature, long heat preservation time and high energy consumption in the traditional metal infiltration process are overcome, and the defects of weak impact action of small particles, limited action effect and the like are overcome. However, this method is handled in a closed space, resulting in failure to handle large-area parts.
For another example: the preparation method of the light metal surface compound coating disclosed by the patent number 201310701052.7 comprises the steps of treating the light metal surface by a laser fusing method, then pre-placing metal powder for alloying on the light metal surface after the laser fusing treatment, and under the medium temperature condition, treating the light metal surface of the pre-set powder by laser shot blasting to accelerate the diffusion reaction of the pre-set powder and a metal matrix, thereby preparing the surface compound coating, reducing the formation temperature of the compound coating, increasing the thickness of the surface compound coating, refining the microstructure of the compound coating, and improving the surface performance of the light metal. However, the laser treatment cost is higher, the action depth on the surface of the light metal is deeper, and the laser treatment method is used for treating the light metal made of zinc-aluminum-magnesium materials, so that the structural performance of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium materials matrix is easy to change.
For another example: according to the magnesium-aluminum part surface high-oxidation-resistance nano coating technology disclosed in the patent application number 202121762204.9, appearance inspection and screening are carried out on the appearance surface of the magnesium-aluminum part, the deformed aluminum-magnesium part with the appearance surface containing scratches with the depth of more than 0.1mm is removed, the appearance surface of the aluminum-magnesium part with white spots and rust is polished, and an oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum-magnesium part is removed; and cleaning the surface of the polished and derusted magnesium-aluminum part, removing the metal powder remained on the surface of the aluminum-magnesium part, and then placing the aluminum-magnesium part into acid pickling equipment for acid pickling. The magnesium aluminum part is treated by adopting an acid washing activation process, a chemical nickel plating layer can be directly deposited, then a nano coating is sprayed, a multi-layer protection is formed on the surface of the magnesium aluminum part, the nano coating can be attached to the nickel plating layer, and the adhesiveness is enhanced; the nano coating is formed by utilizing a spraying process, so that the nano coating is very easy to fall off when impacted.
In view of the technical defects, in order to form a better surface coating on the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material, enhance the integral effect of the coating and the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material, avoid influencing the internal crystal phase structure of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material, adapt to the treatment of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material with various sizes, and develop the research on the treatment process of the surface coating of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material on the basis of the research of the prior art, thereby providing a new idea for forming a stable structural coating on the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a zinc-aluminum-magnesium material surface coating treatment process capable of preventing a coating from falling off during punching.
The method is realized by the following technical scheme:
a zinc-aluminum-magnesium surface coating treatment process capable of preventing coating from falling off during punching comprises the following steps:
(1) Screening zinc-aluminum-magnesium materials without white spots or polishing zinc-aluminum-magnesium materials with white spots until the white spots are absent, so as to obtain qualified zinc-aluminum-magnesium materials;
(2) Scoring a plurality of scores with the depth of 0.01-0.07mm on the surface of a qualified zinc-aluminum-magnesium material, cleaning the surface, removing metal powder on the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material, soaking and pickling by using a pickling agent, flushing by using deionized water, and drying in a vacuum environment to obtain a pickled zinc-aluminum-magnesium material;
(3) Soaking the pickled zinc-aluminum-magnesium material in coating slurry, vibrating for 50-80 times/min for 10min, standing for 3min, taking out, drying at constant temperature in vacuum environment, detecting that the surface has no crack, and packaging with a film.
The surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material is treated by utilizing a screening (polishing) -scoring-acid soaking and washing process, so that the surface treatment effect is improved, and the subsequent surface coating adhesion effect is improved; meanwhile, a coating slurry dipping-oscillating-standing-vacuum drying treatment process is introduced, so that uniform formation of the coating is avoided, oxidation caused by contact of the hardening process of the coating with air is avoided, the forming effect of the coating is improved, the flexibility and the adhesiveness of the coating are improved, falling of the coating during stamping is effectively prevented, and the protection effect on zinc-aluminum-magnesium materials is enhanced.
In order to ensure the pickling effect and promote the subsequent coating forming effect, preferably, the pickling agent contains Zn 2+ 80-100mg/L of Al-containing 3+ 5-10mg/L, 10-20g/L oxalic acid and the temperature is 30-50 ℃. More preferably, the pickling agent is Zn-containing 2+ 90mg/L of Al containing 3+ 8mg/L, oxalic acid 15g/L and water were formulated to 1L at a temperature of 40 ℃.
In order to avoid the corrosion enhancement of the formation of strong acid, which leads to the influence of the pickling process on the surface crystal phase structure of the Zn-Al-Mg material, preferably, the Zn 2+ Is provided by adding zinc sulfate, and the Al 3+ Provided using ammonium aluminum sulfate.
In order to ensure the drying effect and prevent the preformed film layer and the coating from cracking and affecting the protection effect, preferably, in the step (2), the vacuum environment is 60-80kPa, the drying temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the drying treatment time is 10-20min. More preferably, in the step (3), the vacuum environment is a vacuum degree of 60-80kPa, the constant-temperature drying temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the drying treatment time is 10-20min.
In order to ensure that deposition and film formation can occur on the surface of zinc-aluminum-magnesium materials in the soaking process and realize the formation of a coating structure, preferably, the coating slurry comprises, by mass, 5-7 parts of sodium sulfate, 10-15 parts of alumina sol, 8-12 parts of cobalt oxide, 0.1-0.5 part of zinc oxide and 100-150 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol. More preferably, the coating slurry comprises, by mass, 6 parts of sodium sulfate, 12 parts of alumina sol, 9 parts of cobalt oxide, 0.4 part of zinc oxide and 130 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol. More preferably, the solid content of the alumina sol is more than or equal to 15 percent, the particle size of the cobalt oxide is less than or equal to 50 microns, and the particle size of the zinc oxide is less than or equal to 50 microns.
In order to improve the flexibility of the coating and the impact-pressure-resistant and shedding-resistant effect, the coating slurry preferably contains 3-10 percent of ammonium bicarbonate powder by mass of sodium sulfate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical effects that:
according to the invention, in the pickling process of the pickling agent, the effects of depositing, adhering and filling particles are introduced, an activation layer is formed on the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material in a shallow mark carving mode, meanwhile, the gel film forming and particle depositing performance in the coating slurry dipping process are combined, the stable forming of a coating structure and the activation layer structure is realized, the adhesive force on the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material is enhanced, and then the impact pressure resistant and shedding effects are improved.
The invention has simple process flow and low manufacturing cost, and the adopted pickling agent and coating slurry can be recycled, thereby being beneficial to reducing environmental pollution, reducing the surface protection treatment cost of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material and guaranteeing the surface protection effect of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the overall process of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further defined below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the scope of the claims is not limited to the description.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the zinc-aluminum-magnesium surface coating treatment process for preventing the coating from falling off during punching comprises the following steps:
(1) Screening zinc-aluminum-magnesium materials without white spots or polishing zinc-aluminum-magnesium materials with white spots until the white spots are absent, so as to obtain qualified zinc-aluminum-magnesium materials; the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material to be treated is ensured not to be oxidized, and the adhesion stability of the subsequent coating is ensured;
(2) Scoring a plurality of scores with the depth of 0.01-0.07mm on the surface of the qualified zinc-aluminum-magnesium material, and then cleaning the surface to remove metal powder on the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material; thus being beneficial to depositing and attaching particle components in the pickling agent in corresponding scores in the pickling agent pickling process, and avoiding the damage of the crystalline phase structure of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material caused by too deep scores to influence the comprehensive performance of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material; soaking and pickling by using an acid pickling agent, washing by using deionized water, and drying in a vacuum environment to obtain a pickled zinc-aluminum-magnesium material; the adhesive force when the particle component in the pickling agent is preformed and adhered on the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material is beneficial to enhancing the coating effect formed by the subsequent process, simplifying the coating preparation process and reducing the coating preparation difficulty;
(3) Soaking the pickled zinc-aluminum-magnesium material in coating slurry, vibrating for 50-80 times/min for 10min, standing for 3min, taking out, drying at constant temperature in vacuum environment, detecting that the surface has no crack, and packaging with a film. The coating forming uniformity and the flexibility in the forming and hardening process are improved, the strength of adhesion on the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material is enhanced, and the impact-pressure-resistant and falling-off effects are improved.
The invention eliminates the oxide layer on the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material, utilizes the nicks and severely limits the nick depth, combines the pickling-vacuum drying process of the pickling agent, improves the forming effect on the surface coating of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material in the subsequent process, combines the coating slurry dipping pickling of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material, oscillation-standing-vacuum environment constant-temperature drying process to form the coating, and then enhances the anti-impact and anti-falling capacity of the surface coating of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material, and improves the oxidation protection effect of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material.
In some examples of the invention, the pickling agent is a Zn-containing agent 2+ 80-100mg/L of Al-containing 3+ 5-10mg/L, 10-20g/L oxalic acid and the temperature is 30-50 ℃. For example: according to the Zn contained in the pickling agent 2+ 80mg/L of Al containing 3+ 5mg/L, 10g/L oxalic acid and water were added to prepare 1L, and the temperature was adjusted to 30 ℃. For another example: according to the pickling agentContains Zn 2+ 100mg/L of Al-containing 3+ 10mg/L, 20g/L oxalic acid and water were added to prepare 1L, and the temperature was adjusted to 50 ℃. For another example: according to the Zn contained in the pickling agent 2+ 90mg/L of Al containing 3+ 8mg/L, 15g/L oxalic acid and water were added to prepare 1L, and the temperature was adjusted to 40 ℃. For another example: according to the Zn contained in the pickling agent 2+ 80mg/L of Al containing 3+ 10mg/L, 15g/L oxalic acid and water were added to prepare 1L, and the temperature was adjusted to 40 ℃. For another example: according to the Zn contained in the pickling agent 2+ 90mg/L of Al containing 3+ 10mg/L oxalic acid 10g/L and water were added to prepare 1L, and the temperature was adjusted to 50 ℃. For another example: according to the Zn contained in the pickling agent 2+ 100mg/L of Al-containing 3+ 8mg/L, 15g/L oxalic acid and water were added to prepare 1L, and the temperature was adjusted to 30 ℃. Fully ensures that the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material is not excessively corroded in the pickling process of the pickling agent, prevents the damage to the crystal phase structure on the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material, ensures the comprehensive performance of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material, simultaneously introduces zinc, aluminum plasma, ensures that the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material is deposited in shallow notches formed on the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material in the pickling process, and enhances the adhesive force formed by the surface coating of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material. The Zn is 2+ Is provided by adding zinc sulfate, and the Al 3+ Provided using ammonium aluminum sulfate. The principle of 'strong acid to weak acid' is fully utilized to prevent the formation of stronger corrosive acid.
In some research embodiments of the invention, in the step (2), the vacuum environment is that the vacuum degree is 60-80kPa, the drying temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the drying treatment time is 10-20min. The activation layer (particle deposition prefilming) formed on the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material in the pickling process is fully ensured to harden and adhere to the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material.
In some research embodiments of the invention, the vacuum environment in the step (3) is 60-80kPa, the constant-temperature drying temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the drying treatment time is 10-20min. The adhesive strength between the components of the coating slurry and the activated layer formed by acid washing is enhanced, the stability of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium surface coating structure is improved, the punching falling rate is reduced, and the surface protection effect on the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material is improved.
The coating slurry introduced by the researchers in the research process utilizes the sol film forming property and the microparticle depositing property, and further in the research embodiment created by the invention, the coating slurry comprises, by mass, 5-7 parts of sodium sulfate, 10-15 parts of alumina sol, 8-12 parts of cobalt oxide, 0.1-0.5 part of zinc oxide and 100-150 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol. For example: the coating slurry comprises, by mass, 5 parts of sodium sulfate, 10 parts of alumina sol, 8 parts of cobalt oxide, 0.1 part of zinc oxide and 100 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol. For another example: the coating slurry comprises, by mass, 7 parts of sodium sulfate, 15 parts of alumina sol, 12 parts of cobalt oxide, 0.5 part of zinc oxide and 150 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol. For another example: the coating slurry comprises, by mass, 6 parts of sodium sulfate, 12 parts of alumina sol, 9 parts of cobalt oxide, 0.4 part of zinc oxide and 130 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol. For another example: the coating slurry comprises, by mass, 5 parts of sodium sulfate, 15 parts of alumina sol, 8 parts of cobalt oxide, 0.5 part of zinc oxide and 100 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol. For another example: the coating slurry comprises, by mass, 7 parts of sodium sulfate, 15 parts of alumina sol, 8 parts of cobalt oxide, 0.1 part of zinc oxide and 100 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol. Can interact with the pickling process of the pickling agent to form a coating structure with better toughness on the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material, prevent the coating from falling off due to stamping, and enhance the protection effect on the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material.
In the related research created by the invention, the solid content of the alumina sol is more than or equal to 15 percent, the particle size of the cobalt oxide is less than or equal to 50 microns, and the particle size of the zinc oxide is less than or equal to 50 microns.
In a more preferred embodiment, the coating slurry contains 3 to 10% ammonium bicarbonate powder by mass of sodium sulfate. The stamping resistance effect of the coating is enhanced.
In order to better illustrate the technical effects of the technical scheme of the invention, the following description and description will be made on the related tests carried out in the research process of researchers so that those skilled in the art will fully understand and appreciate the invention.
Test 1: research on surface protection effect of zinc-aluminum-magnesium material by coating preparation process
Example 1
(1) Screening zinc-aluminum-magnesium materials without white spots to obtain qualified zinc-aluminum-magnesium materials;
(2) Scoring a plurality of scores with the depth of 0.01-0.07mm on the surface of a qualified zinc-aluminum-magnesium material, cleaning the surface, removing metal powder on the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material, soaking and pickling by using a pickling agent, washing by using deionized water, and drying at 40 ℃ for 10min in a vacuum environment with the vacuum degree of 60kPa to obtain a pickled zinc-aluminum-magnesium material; the pickling agent is prepared by adding zinc sulfate, aluminum ammonium sulfate and oxalic acid into water 2+ 80mg/L of Al containing 3+ 5mg/L, oxalic acid 10g/L, and the temperature of the mixed solution is adjusted to be 30 ℃ in the pickling process.
(3) Soaking the pickled zinc-aluminum-magnesium material in coating slurry, vibrating for 50 times/min for 10min, standing for 3min, taking out, drying at 40 deg.C in vacuum environment with vacuum degree of 60kPa for 10min, detecting no crack on the surface, and packaging with film. The coating slurry is prepared by mixing 5g of sodium sulfate, 10g of alumina sol, 8g of cobalt oxide, 0.1g of zinc oxide and 100g of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring at 1000r/min for 30min, wherein the solid content of the alumina sol is 15%, the particle size of the cobalt oxide is 10-50 mu m, and the particle size of the zinc oxide is 10-50 mu m.
Example 2
(1) Polishing the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material with white spots until no white spots exist, so as to obtain qualified zinc-aluminum-magnesium material;
(2) Scoring a plurality of scores with the depth of 0.01-0.07mm on the surface of a qualified zinc-aluminum-magnesium material, cleaning the surface, removing metal powder on the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material, soaking and pickling by using a pickling agent, washing by using deionized water, and drying at 60 ℃ for 20min in a vacuum environment with the vacuum degree of 80kPa to obtain a pickled zinc-aluminum-magnesium material; the pickling agent is prepared by adding zinc sulfate, aluminum ammonium sulfate and oxalic acid into water 2+ 100mg/L of Al-containing 3+ 10mg/L, oxalic acid 20g/L, and the temperature of the mixed solution is adjusted to 50 ℃ in the pickling process.
(3) Soaking the pickled zinc-aluminum-magnesium material in coating slurry, vibrating for 10min for 80 times/min, standing for 3min, taking out, drying at 60deg.C in vacuum environment with vacuum degree of 80kPa for 20min, detecting surface without crack, and packaging with film. The coating slurry is prepared by mixing 7g of sodium sulfate, 15g of alumina sol, 12g of cobalt oxide, 0.5g of zinc oxide and 150g of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring at 1000r/min for 30min, wherein the solid content of the alumina sol is 18%, the particle size of the cobalt oxide is 20-40 mu m, and the particle size of the zinc oxide is 10-30 mu m.
Example 3
(1) Screening zinc-aluminum-magnesium materials without white spots to obtain qualified zinc-aluminum-magnesium materials;
(2) Scoring a plurality of scores with the depth of 0.01-0.07mm on the surface of a qualified zinc-aluminum-magnesium material, cleaning the surface, removing metal powder on the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material, soaking and pickling by using a pickling agent, washing by using deionized water, and drying at 50 ℃ for 15min in a vacuum environment with the vacuum degree of 70kPa to obtain a pickled zinc-aluminum-magnesium material; the pickling agent is prepared by adding zinc sulfate, aluminum ammonium sulfate and oxalic acid into water 2+ 90mg/L of Al containing 3+ 9mg/L, oxalic acid 15g/L, and the temperature of the mixed solution is adjusted to 40 ℃ in the pickling process.
(3) Soaking the pickled zinc-aluminum-magnesium material in coating slurry, vibrating for 60 times/min for 10min, standing for 3min, taking out, drying at 50deg.C in vacuum environment with vacuum degree of 70kPa for 15min, detecting that the surface has no crack, and packaging with film. The coating slurry is prepared by mixing 6g of sodium sulfate, 13g of alumina sol, 9g of cobalt oxide, 0.4g of zinc oxide and 130g of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring at 1000r/min for 30min, wherein the solid content of the alumina sol is 16%, the particle size of the cobalt oxide is 5-20 mu m, and the particle size of the zinc oxide is 10-30 mu m.
Example 4
(1) Screening zinc-aluminum-magnesium materials without white spots to obtain qualified zinc-aluminum-magnesium materials;
(2) Scoring the surface of the qualified zinc-aluminum-magnesium material with a plurality of scores with the depth of 0.01-0.07mm, and thenCleaning the surface, removing metal powder on the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material, soaking and pickling by using an pickling agent, washing by using deionized water, and drying at 40 ℃ for 10min in a vacuum environment with the vacuum degree of 80kPa to obtain the pickled zinc-aluminum-magnesium material; the pickling agent is prepared by adding zinc sulfate, aluminum ammonium sulfate and oxalic acid into water 2+ 100mg/L of Al-containing 3+ 5mg/L, oxalic acid 10g/L, and the temperature of the mixed solution is adjusted to 40 ℃ in the pickling process.
(3) Soaking the pickled zinc-aluminum-magnesium material in coating slurry, vibrating for 10min for 70 times/min, standing for 3min, taking out, drying at 40 deg.C in vacuum environment with vacuum degree of 70kPa for 20min, detecting that the surface has no crack, and packaging with film. The coating slurry is prepared by mixing 5g of sodium sulfate, 15g of alumina sol, 12g of cobalt oxide, 0.1g of zinc oxide and 100g of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring at 1000r/min for 30min, wherein the solid content of the alumina sol is 17%, the particle size of the cobalt oxide is 5-15 mu m, and the particle size of the zinc oxide is 20-40 mu m.
Example 5
The procedure of example 1 was followed except that the zinc aluminum magnesium pickled material was placed in the coating slurry and immersed in the coating slurry.
Example 6
On the basis of the embodiment 1, the qualified zinc-aluminum-magnesium material is directly put into the pickling agent for pickling without shallow mark treatment, and the other steps are the same as the embodiment 1.
Example 7
The pickling agent is pickled on the basis of the example 1, washed by deionized water and then directly put into coating slurry for dipping, and the other steps are the same as the example 1.
Subjecting the zinc-aluminum-magnesium materials containing the coating obtained in the examples 1-7 to impact test and thermal shock test treatment to determine the weight loss rate; meanwhile, the weight gain of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium materials prepared in examples 1-7 was measured by sectional weighing, each section was 50cm, and the test results are shown in Table 1 below.
TABLE 1 protective effect of coating preparation process on surface of zinc-aluminum-magnesium material
Remarks: (1) The cold impact is to punch zinc-aluminum-magnesium materials by a punching machine under normal temperature environment, so that the zinc-aluminum-magnesium materials are subjected to 5% bending, and the weight loss rate of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium materials before and after impact is weighed; (2) The thermal shock is to use a punching machine to carry out punching test treatment according to a cold impact mode in an environment of 120 ℃.
As can be seen from table 1: different treatment processes can lead to uniformity and thickness of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium surface coating, and can influence the stamping resistance of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium surface coating; the process of scoring and vibrating-standing treatment is adopted, so that the coating formation is promoted, the thickness of the coating is increased, and the uniformity of the coating formation is ensured; and the vacuum drying treatment after washing by deionized water is adopted, so that the subsequent coating slurry dipping and adhering effects are facilitated, and the coating weight increasing effect is improved.
Test 2: research on surface protection effect of pickling agent component on zinc-aluminum-magnesium material
Example 8
Based on the embodiment 1, the pickling agent is prepared by adding aluminum ammonium sulfate and oxalic acid into water to prepare the Al-containing detergent 3+ 5mg/L, 10g/L oxalic acid, and adjusting the temperature of the mixed solution to 30 ℃ in the pickling process, and the other steps are the same as in example 1.
Example 9
Based on the embodiment 1, the pickling agent is prepared by adding zinc sulfate and oxalic acid into water 2+ 80mg/L, 10g/L oxalic acid, and adjusting the temperature of the mixed solution to 30 ℃ in the pickling process, and the other steps are the same as in example 1.
Example 10
In practiceBased on example 1, the pickling agent is prepared by adding zinc sulfate and aluminum ammonium sulfate into water 2+ 80mg/L of Al containing 3+ 5mg/L, and the temperature of the mixed solution was adjusted to 30℃during the pickling, the same as in example 1.
The zinc-aluminum-magnesium materials with coatings obtained in examples 8 to 10 were subjected to cold impact test, thermal shock test and weight gain test in the same manner as in test 1, and the test results are shown in the following table 2.
TABLE 2 protective effect of pickling agent component on surface of Zinc-aluminum-magnesium Material
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2: the impact resistance of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium surface coating is seriously affected by the change of the components of the pickling agent, so that the stamping and falling effect is remarkable, and the thickness of the coating formed on the zinc-aluminum-magnesium surface is extremely uneven, so that a large amount of falling and weightlessness occur when the stamping and deformation are caused by the uneven thickness.
Test 3: research on surface protection effect of coating slurry components on zinc-aluminum-magnesium material
Example 11
The coating slurry was obtained by mixing 5g of sodium sulfate, 8g of cobalt oxide, 0.1g of zinc oxide and 100g of absolute ethyl alcohol in terms of mass, and then stirring at 1000r/min for 30 minutes, in the same manner as in example 1.
Example 12
The coating slurry of example 1 was obtained by mixing 5g of sodium sulfate, 10g of alumina sol, 8g of cobalt oxide and 100g of absolute ethanol, and then stirring at 1000r/min for 30 minutes, in the same manner as in example 1.
Example 13
The coating slurry of example 1 was obtained by mixing 5g of sodium sulfate, 10g of alumina sol, 0.1g of zinc oxide and 100g of absolute ethyl alcohol, and then stirring at 1000r/min for 30 minutes, in the same manner as in example 1.
Example 14
The coating slurry of example 1 was obtained by mixing 10g of alumina sol, 8g of cobalt oxide, 0.1g of zinc oxide and 100g of absolute ethyl alcohol, and then stirring at 1000r/min for 30 minutes, in the same manner as in example 1.
Example 15
On the basis of the embodiment 1, ammonium bicarbonate powder accounting for 1% of the mass of sodium sulfate is added into the coating slurry, and the other steps are the same as the embodiment 1.
Example 16
On the basis of the embodiment 1, ammonium bicarbonate powder accounting for 3% of the mass of sodium sulfate is added into the coating slurry, and the other steps are the same as the embodiment 1.
Example 17
On the basis of the embodiment 1, ammonium bicarbonate powder accounting for 5% of the mass of sodium sulfate is added into the coating slurry, and the other components are the same as the embodiment 1.
Example 18
On the basis of the embodiment 1, ammonium bicarbonate powder accounting for 7% of the mass of sodium sulfate is added into the coating slurry, and the other steps are the same as the embodiment 1.
Example 19
On the basis of the embodiment 1, ammonium bicarbonate powder accounting for 10% of the mass of sodium sulfate is added into the coating slurry, and the other components are the same as the embodiment 1.
Example 20
On the basis of the embodiment 1, ammonium bicarbonate powder accounting for 13% of the mass of sodium sulfate is added into the coating slurry, and the other steps are the same as the embodiment 1.
Example 21
On the basis of the embodiment 1, ammonium bicarbonate powder accounting for 15% of the mass of sodium sulfate is added into the coating slurry, and the other components are the same as the embodiment 1.
Example 22
On the basis of the embodiment 1, ammonium bicarbonate powder accounting for 20% of the mass of sodium sulfate is added into the coating slurry, and the other components are the same as the embodiment 1.
The zinc-aluminum-magnesium materials obtained in examples 11 to 22 were subjected to cold impact test, thermal shock test and weight gain test according to the method of test 1, and the test results are shown in the following table 3.
TABLE 3 protective effect of coating slurry composition on surface of Zn-Al-Mg material
As can be seen from tables 1 and 3, the composition change of the coating slurry will also affect the effect of forming the coating on the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material, so that the coating is formed and the weight gain rate is greatly reduced, the coating thickness is poor, and the coating is extremely easy to be broken by punching to generate weight loss during impact resistance, but the effect of uniformly distributing the whole coating is not greatly affected; for the change of the amount of added ammonium bicarbonate powder, the thickness of the formed coating on the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material is greatly influenced, the proper addition amount is favorable for guaranteeing the thickness of the formed coating, the distribution uniformity is good, the impact-resistant and shedding-resistant effect is obvious, the addition amount is unsuitable, the relative content of the whole ammonium ions of the coating slurry is changed, the formation of a coating structure is influenced, the distribution of the thickness uniformity of the coating is influenced, and the impact-resistant effect is reduced.
The invention creates the essential research content in consideration of the performances of increasing the thickness, uniformly distributing and the like when the coating is formed on the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material, so as to improve the impact resistance and the falling prevention effect of the coating on the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material and achieve the effect of enhancing the protection effect of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material. The invention may be implemented by reference to common general knowledge, conventional technical means and related prior art, which are well known to those skilled in the art.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A zinc-aluminum-magnesium surface coating treatment process capable of preventing coating from falling off during punching is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Screening zinc-aluminum-magnesium materials without white spots or polishing zinc-aluminum-magnesium materials with white spots until the white spots are absent, so as to obtain qualified zinc-aluminum-magnesium materials;
(2) Scoring a plurality of scores with the depth of 0.01-0.07mm on the surface of a qualified zinc-aluminum-magnesium material, cleaning the surface, removing metal powder on the surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium material, soaking and pickling by using a pickling agent, flushing by using deionized water, and drying in a vacuum environment to obtain a pickled zinc-aluminum-magnesium material;
(3) Soaking the pickled zinc-aluminum-magnesium material in coating slurry, vibrating the pickled zinc-aluminum-magnesium material for 10min for 50-80 times/min, standing for 3min, taking out, drying at constant temperature in a vacuum environment, detecting that the surface has no crack, and coating and packaging;
the pickling agent contains Zn 2+ 80-100mg/L of Al-containing 3+ 5-10mg/L, oxalic acid 10-20g/L and water are prepared into 1L, and the temperature is 30-50 ℃;
the Zn is 2+ Is provided by adding zinc sulfate, and the Al 3+ Provided by adopting ammonium aluminum sulfate;
the vacuum environment is that the vacuum degree is 60-80kPa, the drying temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the drying treatment time is 10-20min;
the vacuum environment is that the vacuum degree is 60-80kPa, the constant-temperature drying temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the drying treatment time is 10-20min;
the coating slurry comprises, by mass, 5-7 parts of sodium sulfate, 10-15 parts of alumina sol, 8-12 parts of cobalt oxide, 0.1-0.5 part of zinc oxide and 100-150 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol.
2. The process for treating a zinc-aluminum-magnesium surface coating capable of preventing coating from falling off during punching according to claim 1, wherein the coating slurry comprises, by mass, 6 parts of sodium sulfate, 12 parts of alumina sol, 9 parts of cobalt oxide, 0.4 part of zinc oxide and 130 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol.
3. The process for treating a zinc-aluminum-magnesium surface coating capable of preventing coating from falling off during punching according to claim 1, wherein the solid content of the alumina sol is more than or equal to 15%, the particle size of the cobalt oxide is less than or equal to 50 μm, and the particle size of the zinc oxide is less than or equal to 50 μm.
4. The process for treating a zinc-aluminum-magnesium surface coating capable of preventing coating from falling off during stamping as recited in claim 1, wherein the coating slurry contains 3-10% of ammonium bicarbonate powder by mass of sodium sulfate.
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