CN115707985B - Method for calculating battery electric quantity and battery management system - Google Patents
Method for calculating battery electric quantity and battery management system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115707985B CN115707985B CN202110955462.9A CN202110955462A CN115707985B CN 115707985 B CN115707985 B CN 115707985B CN 202110955462 A CN202110955462 A CN 202110955462A CN 115707985 B CN115707985 B CN 115707985B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for calculating battery power and a battery management system. The method for calculating the battery power is applied to the battery pack with the working mode capable of being dynamically converted, and comprises the following steps: when the conversion condition is met, the working mode of the battery pack is converted from the first mode to the second mode; the fuel gauge obtains a first percentage of the fuel of the battery pack at the end of the first mode; obtaining a second electric quantity percentage of the battery pack in the second mode by the electric quantity meter according to the value of the battery parameter of the battery pack in the second mode; calculating the full charge capacity of the battery pack in the second mode according to the first electric quantity percentage, the second electric quantity percentage and the total capacity of the battery pack in the second mode by the electric quantity meter; and calculating the current electric quantity percentage of the battery pack in the second mode by the electric quantity meter according to the second electric quantity percentage, the total capacity in the second mode, the electric quantity variation and the full charge capacity, wherein the electric quantity variation is the electric quantity variation of the battery pack after the battery pack enters the second mode.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of battery technologies, and in particular, to a method for calculating battery power and a battery management system.
Background
Currently, the capacity of a single cell is generally 1000mAh-5000mAh. As the functions of the electronic devices are increasingly increased, the standby time of the electronic devices is shorter and the charging operation needs to be repeated under the condition of smaller battery capacity, which greatly reduces the experience of users.
One conventional approach is to increase the capacity of a single cell, but this not only increases the volume of the cell, but also increases the charging time. For this reason, the charging current is increased to shorten the charging time, but this approach causes problems such as heating and even burning out the electronic devices.
Another conventional approach is to configure the electronic device with two batteries. Currently, two batteries in electronic devices are typically connected in a fixed parallel or series connection. When the two batteries are fixedly connected in series, if a 5V adapter is inserted to charge the batteries, a boosting chip is also required to be added; if the load is discharged, a buck chip is also added. Although the series connection can shorten the charging time, the number of components is additionally increased when charging and discharging are performed. More importantly, two electricity meters are also needed to respectively measure the electric quantity of the two batteries, and the method can not intuitively reflect the residual electric quantity of the whole battery. Therefore, there are methods that only use one electricity meter to measure the electricity of one battery instead of the electricity of the whole battery, but this method cannot accurately reflect the remaining electricity of the whole battery. When two batteries are connected in parallel, if an adapter is inserted to charge the two batteries, the charging time is long, and the problems of heating and the like caused by overlarge charging current of a certain battery can be also caused. It can be seen that these practices can be confusing to the user.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for calculating battery power. The method is applied to the battery pack with the working mode capable of being dynamically switched. The operating modes include a first mode and a second mode. The total capacity of the battery pack in the first mode is different from the total capacity in the second mode. The method comprises the following steps: when the conversion condition is satisfied, the operation mode of the battery pack is converted from the first mode to the second mode. The fuel gauge obtains a first percentage of the battery pack at the end of the first mode. And obtaining a second electric quantity percentage of the battery pack in the second mode according to the value of the battery parameter of the battery pack in the second mode by the electric quantity meter. And calculating the full charge capacity of the battery pack in the second mode according to the first electric quantity percentage, the second electric quantity percentage and the total capacity of the battery pack in the second mode by the electric quantity meter. And calculating the current electric quantity percentage of the battery pack in the second mode according to the second electric quantity percentage, the total capacity in the second mode, the electric quantity change amount and the full charge capacity by the electric quantity meter. The electric quantity change amount is an electric quantity change value obtained by counting the electric quantity change value after the battery pack enters the second mode.
The invention also provides a battery management system. The system is used for managing the battery pack with the working mode capable of being dynamically switched. The operating modes include a first mode and a second mode. The total capacity of the battery pack in the first mode is different from the total capacity in the second mode. The system includes a conversion chip, a controller coupled to the conversion chip, and an electricity meter coupled to the controller. The system is configured to perform a method. The method comprises the following steps: when the conversion condition is satisfied, the operation mode of the battery pack is converted from the first mode to the second mode. The fuel gauge obtains a first percentage of the battery pack at the end of the first mode. And obtaining a second electric quantity percentage of the battery pack in the second mode according to the value of the battery parameter of the battery pack in the second mode by the electric quantity meter. And calculating the full charge capacity of the battery pack in the second mode according to the first electric quantity percentage, the second electric quantity percentage and the total capacity of the battery pack in the second mode by the electric quantity meter. And calculating the current electric quantity percentage of the battery pack in the second mode according to the second electric quantity percentage, the total capacity in the second mode, the electric quantity change amount and the full charge capacity by the electric quantity meter. The electric quantity change amount is an electric quantity change value obtained by counting the electric quantity change value after the battery pack enters the second mode.
The invention provides a method for calculating battery power and a battery management system. Compared with the traditional fixed connection mode (single battery or fixed series connection or fixed parallel connection) between two batteries, the method can dynamically switch the connection mode between the two batteries in the battery pack according to different conditions so as to enable the battery pack to work in an optimal state (for example, the charging time is shortened during charging, and the discharging time is prolonged during discharging). Meanwhile, the method can calculate the current electric quantity percentage of the battery pack with the working mode capable of being dynamically converted by using only one electric quantity meter, and can ensure the accuracy of the calculated current electric quantity percentage.
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The objects, specific structural features and advantages of the present invention will be further understood from the following description in conjunction with some embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a battery management system according to one embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating dynamic switching of the operating modes of a battery pack according to different conditions according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method of calculating a current charge percentage of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method of calculating a current charge percentage of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method of calculating a current charge percentage of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the invention; and
Fig. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method of calculating a current charge percentage of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. While the invention has been illustrated and described with reference to these embodiments, it should be noted that the invention is not limited to only these embodiments. On the contrary, the invention is intended to cover all alternatives, modifications and equivalents as may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
In addition, numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a better illustration of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components, and circuits have not been described in detail. The description is made in order to highlight the gist of the present invention.
The invention provides a method for calculating battery power. Compared with the traditional fixed connection mode (single battery or fixed series connection or fixed parallel connection) between two batteries, the method can dynamically switch the connection mode between the two batteries in the battery pack according to different conditions so as to enable the battery pack to work in an optimal state (for example, the charging time is shortened during charging, and the discharging time is prolonged during discharging). Meanwhile, the method can calculate the current electric quantity percentage of the battery pack with the working mode capable of being dynamically converted by using only one electric quantity meter, and can ensure the accuracy of the calculated current electric quantity percentage.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a battery management system 100 according to one embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the system 100 includes a battery pack 104, a voltage converter 103, a detection circuit 105, a controller 107, a conversion chip 106, and an electricity meter 108. The connection is shown in fig. 1.
The battery pack 104 provides power to the system 100. In one embodiment, the battery pack 104 includes a first battery CELL1 and a second battery CELL2. The connection modes of the first battery CELL1 and the second battery CELL2 comprise series connection, parallel connection and pre-parallel connection. The pre-parallel connection refers to a current limiting circuit connected in series between a first battery CELL1 and a second battery CELL2 which are connected in parallel. The current limiting circuit is used for limiting the magnitude of the current flowing between the first battery CELL1 and the second battery CELL2. The current limiting circuit includes, but is not limited to, a variable resistor, a MOS transistor operating in a variable resistor region, and the like. The battery pack 104 can operate in a variety of modes depending on the charge and discharge conditions and the connection scheme, and the details are described in fig. 3.
In the present embodiment, the total capacity Q in series S (actual available total capacity of the first CELL1 and the second CELL2 connected in series) and a parallel total capacity Q P (the actual available total capacity of the first CELL1 and the second CELL2 connected in parallel) are all experimentally measured. For example, at the time of shipment, the total capacity Q of the first battery CELL1 1 Total capacity Q of the second CELL CELL2 of 4000mAh 2 2000mAh, measured by experiment, total capacity Q in series S 5500mAh, total parallel capacity Q P 6500mAh.As can be seen from the above, the total capacity of the battery pack 104 changes with the connection mode of the first battery CELL1 and the second battery CELL 2.
The voltage converter 103 is used to convert the voltage supplied from the power supply 101 through the adapter 102 into a charging voltage required for the battery pack 104. The detection circuit 105 is coupled to the battery pack 104 for detecting a value of a battery parameter of the battery pack 104. The values of the battery parameters include the voltage across the battery pack 104, the current flowing through the battery pack 104, and the temperature of the battery pack 104. The controller 107 is coupled to the conversion chip 106, and is configured to control the conversion chip 106 to convert the operation mode of the battery pack 104 from the first mode to the second mode when the conversion condition is satisfied. The controller 107 may also communicate with the adapter 102 through the interface of the system 100 to determine if the adapter is plugged into the system 100. The fuel gauge 108 is coupled to the controller 107 for calculating a percentage of the fuel of the battery pack 104 in an operating mode (details of which will be described below) based on the values of the battery parameters in the operating mode in which the battery pack 104 is located. When the battery pack 104 is charged, the values of the battery parameters are the charging voltage, the charging current and the temperature; when the battery pack 104 is discharged, the values of the battery parameters are the discharge voltage, the discharge current, and the temperature. The direction of the charging current is opposite to the direction of the discharging current. When the battery pack 104 is neither charged nor discharged (no current or a small current flows through the battery pack 104), the value of the battery parameter is an open circuit voltage.
Specifically, the fuel gauge 108 obtains a first percentage of charge RSOC1 of the battery pack 104 at the end of the first mode. From the value of the battery parameter of the battery pack 104 when in the second mode, the fuel gauge 108 obtains a second percentage of power RSOC2 when the battery pack 108 is in the second mode. Based on the first charge percentage RSOC1, the second charge percentage RSOC2, and the total capacity of the battery pack 104 in the second mode, the fuel gauge 108 calculates the full charge capacity FCC of the battery pack 104 in the second mode. Based on the second charge percentage RSOC2, the total capacity of the battery pack 104 in the second mode, the charge change amount Δq, and the full charge capacity FCC, the fuel gauge 108 calculates the current charge percentage RSOC of the battery pack 104 in the second mode.
The fuel gauge 108 is also used to store data messagesThe data information includes, but is not limited to, a first ammeter, a second ammeter, a third ammeter, a fourth ammeter, a total cell capacity, a total serial capacity Q S Total parallel capacity Q P . The first discharge table lists the electric quantity percentages corresponding to different open circuit voltages of the first battery CELL 1. The open circuit voltage refers to a voltage difference between the positive and negative electrodes of the first CELL1 when no current or a small current flows. The second discharge table lists the percentage of charge (from full charge (e.g., 100%) to empty (e.g., 0%)) for different discharge voltages, discharge currents, and temperatures of the first CELL 1. The third discharge table lists different discharge voltages (sum of voltage V1 of the first battery CELL1 and voltage V2 of the second battery CELL 2), discharge currents, and percentages of electric quantity corresponding to temperatures (from a full charge state (e.g., 100%) to a discharge state (e.g., 0%)) of the first battery CELL1 and the second battery CELL2 connected in series. The fourth discharge table lists different discharge voltages, discharge currents (sum of current flowing from the first CELL1 and current flowing from the second CELL 2), and percentages of electric power corresponding to temperatures (from a full charge state (e.g., 100%) to a discharge state (e.g., 0%)) of the first CELL1 and the second CELL2 connected in parallel.
As can be seen from the above, when the battery pack 104 is discharged or neither charged nor discharged, the battery percentage of the battery pack 104 can be initially obtained in the discharging meter by using the measured values of the battery parameters. However, during charging, the conventional method cannot continuously use the discharge meter to obtain the electric quantity percentage. According to the invention, a certain conversion relation exists between the charging curve and the discharging curve of the rechargeable battery, the value of the battery parameter of the battery pack 104 during charging is converted into the value of the battery parameter of the battery pack 104 during discharging, the electric quantity percentage can be obtained by utilizing the discharging table, and a charging meter (the electric quantity percentages corresponding to different charging voltages, charging currents and temperatures) is not required to be additionally manufactured, so that the calculation method is simplified.
In addition, the system 100 may also include a display 109. The display 109 is coupled to the electricity meter 108. The display 109 may display the current power percentage RSOC of the battery pack 104 calculated by the power meter 108. The controller 107 is further configured to send an alarm signal to the host or alarm to alert the user to charge the battery pack 104 when the current power percentage RSOC is below the low power threshold. The controller 107 may also read the value of the battery parameter stored by the electricity meter 108 and perform a corresponding management operation according to the value of the battery parameter. For example, when the voltage across the battery pack 104 is higher than the overvoltage threshold, the controller 107 performs an overvoltage protection operation. When the absolute value of the current flowing through the battery pack 104 is higher than the overcurrent threshold, the controller 107 performs an overcurrent protection operation. When the temperature of the battery pack 104 is higher than the over-temperature threshold, the controller 107 performs an over-temperature protection operation. Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a battery pack 104 according to one embodiment of the invention. The battery pack 104 includes a battery core of the first battery CELL1, a battery core of the second battery CELL2, and an internal resistance R0 of the battery pack 104. In the present embodiment, the first CELL1 and the second CELL2 are connected in series.
As shown in fig. 2, it is first assumed that the battery pack 104 is charged with a charging current I CH Into the battery pack 104, at which time V CH ＝V 0 +I CH R 0 (1) Wherein V is 0 Represents the sum of the core voltage of the first CELL CELL1 and the core voltage of the second CELL CELL2, R 0 Resistance value, V, representing internal resistance R0 of battery pack 104 CH The voltage difference between node a and node B (charging voltage) when the battery pack 104 is charged is shown. V (V) CH I CH Is measured by the detection circuit 105. With charging current I CH The direction of (2) is the positive direction.
Again assume that there is no charging current I CH Flows into the battery pack 104 and has no discharge current I DIS When flowing out of the battery pack 104, the voltage difference between the node A and the node B is the core voltage V of the battery pack 104 0 . V is obtainable according to formula (1) 0 ＝V CH -I CH R 0 (2)。
Finally, assuming that the battery pack 104 is discharged, the discharge current I DIS From the battery pack 104, the voltage difference V between the node A and the node B when the battery pack 104 discharges DIS ＝V 0 -I DIS R 0 。V DIS I DIS Is measured by the detection circuit 105. Root of Chinese characterV is obtained according to formula (2) DIS ＝V CH -I CH R 0 -I DIS R 0 . Assume a charging current I CH And discharge current I DIS Is approximately equal in size. According to the above, the value (V CH ，I CH T) and the value (V) of the battery parameter at the time of discharging the battery pack 104 DIS ，I DIS The conversion formula of T) can be expressed as V DIS ＝V CH -2I CH R 0 ，I DIS ＝-I CH . It can be seen that substituting the measured value of the battery parameter at the time of charging the battery pack 104 into the conversion formula calculates the corresponding value (V DIS ，I DIS T), while the value of the battery parameter at the time of discharge (V DIS ，I DIS T) may be used to obtain the charge percentage of the battery pack 104 in the discharge meter.
The values of the battery parameters when the first battery CELL1 and the second battery CELL2 are charged in parallel may be substituted into the conversion formula to obtain the corresponding values of the battery parameters when discharged. For example, when the first battery CELL1 and the second battery CELL2 connected in parallel are charged, the measured value (V CH1 ，I CH1 ，T 1 ) Substituting the conversion formula can calculate the value (V) of the battery parameter when the first battery CELL1 and the second battery CELL2 connected in parallel are discharged DIS1 ，I DIS1 ，T 1 ) Wherein V is DIS1 ＝V CH1 -2I CH1 R 0 ，I DIS1 ＝-I CH1 . And (V) DIS1 ，I DIS1 ，T 1 ) The corresponding power percentage can be directly obtained in the fourth ammeter.
In order to make the battery pack 104 always work in the optimal state, the invention can dynamically switch the working mode of the battery pack 104 according to different conditions. Fig. 3 is a flow chart illustrating the dynamic switching of the operation mode of the battery pack 104 according to different conditions according to one embodiment of the present invention. The operation modes of the battery pack 104 include a series charge mode, a series discharge mode, a pre-parallel discharge mode, a parallel charge mode, a parallel discharge mode, and a cell discharge mode. The series charging mode refers to the power supply 101 charging the first battery CELL1 and the second battery CELL2 connected in series through the adapter 102. The series discharge mode refers to the first battery CELL1 and the second battery CELL2 connected in series to supply power to the system 100. The pre-parallel discharge mode refers to the first battery CELL1 and the second battery CELL2 being pre-connected in parallel to power the system 100. The parallel charging mode refers to the power supply 101 charging the first battery CELL1 and the second battery CELL2 connected in parallel through the adapter 102. The parallel discharge mode refers to the first battery CELL1 and the second battery CELL2 connected in parallel to supply power to the system 100. The CELL discharge mode refers to the first CELL1 powering the system 100.
In step 301, when the first battery CELL1 is inserted into the battery management system 100, the system 100 is powered on, and the controller 107 determines that the first battery CELL1 is inserted into the system 100.
In step 302, during the power-up phase, the controller 107 determines whether the second battery CELL2 is inserted into the system 100. Specifically, when receiving a signal indicating the second battery CELL2 is inserted into the system 100, the controller 107 determines that the second battery CELL2 is inserted into the system 100. In other embodiments, if the second CELL2 is damaged, it is also considered to be not inserted. If not, step 302 goes to step 303, if yes, step 302 goes to step 304.
In step 303, the first battery CELL1 powers the system 100 (CELL 1 CELL discharge mode). Subsequently, step 303 returns to step 302.
In step 304, the controller 107 determines whether the absolute value of the difference between the voltage V1 of the first battery CELL1 and the voltage V2 of the second battery CELL2 exceeds the equalization threshold Δv.
In step 305, if |v1-v2| > Δv, the controller 107 controls the converter chip 106 to pre-connect the first CELL1 and the second CELL2 in parallel. That is, the first battery CELL1 and the second battery CELL2 connected in pre-parallel supply power to the system 100 (pre-parallel discharge mode). Because the current limiting circuit is connected in series between the first battery CELL1 and the second battery CELL2 which are connected in parallel in advance, the current flowing between the first battery CELL1 and the second battery CELL2 is reduced, and therefore the phenomenon of overcurrent caused by directly connecting the first battery CELL1 and the second battery CELL2 in parallel is avoided. Subsequently, step 305 returns to step 304.
In step 306, if |v1-v2|Δv is not greater than Δv, the controller 107 controls the converter chip 106 to connect the first CELL1 and the second CELL2 in parallel. That is, after the power-up is completed, the first battery CELL1 and the second battery CELL2 connected in parallel supply power to the system 100 (parallel discharge mode). Compared with the series connection, the parallel connection has the advantages that on one hand, the external discharge can be realized without additionally adding a voltage reduction circuit, and on the other hand, the electric quantity stored by the battery pack 104 can be fully utilized, so that the discharge time is prolonged to the greatest extent. The method of steps 304, 305 and 306 can prolong the discharging time to the maximum extent under the premise of ensuring the safety of the batteries, and can avoid further increase of the voltage difference between the two batteries. Subsequently, step 306 goes to step 307.
In step 307, the controller 107 determines whether the adapter 102 is inserted into the system 100. Specifically, the controller 107 may determine whether the adapter 102 is inserted into the system 100 based on whether a signal indicating that the adapter 102 is inserted into the system 100 is received. If not, step 307 returns to step 306, if yes, step 307 goes to step 308.
In step 308, the controller 107 determines the type of adapter 102. In one embodiment, if the adapter 102 can generate a high output voltage (e.g., 9V or 12V) according to the boost signal sent by the controller 107, the controller 107 determines that the adapter 102 is a high voltage adapter, otherwise it is a normal adapter. In the case of a generic adapter, step 308 goes to step 309. In the case of a high voltage adapter, step 308 goes to step 313.
In step 309, the first battery CELL1 and the second battery CELL2 remain connected in parallel when the normal adapter is inserted into the system 100. The power supply 101 charges the first battery CELL1 and the second battery CELL2 connected in parallel through a common adapter (parallel charging mode). In one embodiment, the output voltage provided by a conventional adapter is 5V. The full charge voltage of one battery is generally 4.2V, and the voltage of the first battery CELL1 and the second battery CELL2 which are connected in parallel is also 4.2V, so that the common adapter can directly charge the first battery CELL1 and the second battery CELL2 which are connected in parallel without additionally adding a boost circuit, thereby reducing the number of elements and saving the cost. Subsequently, step 309 goes to step 310.
Step 310, when the power P provided by the normal adapter 1 Greater than the power P consumed by the system 100 2 Returning to step 309 (which illustrates that a conventional adapter can both power the system 100 and charge the battery pack 104), otherwise, step 310 goes to step 311.
Step 311, when P 1 ≤P 2 Power P provided by a generic adapter 1 If the power requirements of the system 100 are not met, the conventional adapter automatically stops charging the battery pack 104. The common adapter and battery pack 104 may then together power the system 100 (parallel discharge mode). Step 311 then proceeds to step 312.
At step 312, the controller 107 detects whether the normal adapter is pulled out. If the extraction is performed, step 312 returns to step 306, otherwise, step 312 returns to step 310. Steps 309, 310 and 311 are steps that the conventional adapter automatically determines whether to continue to charge the battery pack 104 according to the power consumption requirement of the system 100.
In step 313, when the high voltage adapter is inserted into the system 100, the controller 107 controls the conversion chip 106 to convert the connection mode of the battery pack 104 into a serial connection. I.e. the high voltage adapter charges the first CELL1 and the second CELL2 connected in series (series charging mode). The high voltage adapter can generate high output voltage (e.g., 9V or 12V), so the high voltage adapter can directly charge the first battery CELL1 and the second battery CELL2 connected in series, and the amount of electricity charged into the battery pack 104 is doubled under the same condition, thereby shortening the charging time. Subsequently, step 313 goes to step 314. The steps 308, 309 and 313 may be performed to switch the connection mode of the battery pack 104 according to the type of the adapter 102, so as to make the battery pack 104 work in an optimal state.
In step 314, the controller 107 determines the power percentage R of the battery pack 104 SOC Whether or not it is greater than a preset percentage R SET (e.g., 90%) or series voltage V S Whether or not (the voltage across the first CELL1 and the second CELL2 connected in series) exceeds the voltage threshold V TH . When R is SOC ＞R SET Or V S ＞V TH Step (3)Step 314 goes to step 309, where the controller 107 reduces the high output voltage (e.g. 9V or 12V) provided by the high voltage adapter to the low output voltage (e.g. 5V), and then controls the conversion chip 106 to convert the battery pack 104 from the serial connection to the parallel connection. Because series charging allows each cell to charge a close amount of electricity, for two cells with a larger total capacity difference, a cell with a smaller total capacity may be overcharged due to too fast boost. The steps 313, 314 and 309 avoid overcharging the battery with smaller total capacity, thereby shortening the charging time as much as possible while ensuring the safety of the battery. When neither is greater, step 314 proceeds to step 315.
Step 315, when the power P provided by the high voltage adapter 1 Greater than the power P consumed by the system 100 2 Returning to step 313 (which illustrates that the high voltage adapter can both power the system 100 and charge the battery pack 104), otherwise step 315 goes to step 316.
Step 316, when P 1 ≤P 2 Power P provided by high voltage adapter 1 If the power requirement of the system 100 cannot be met (the probability of occurrence of this situation is small), the high-voltage adapter automatically stops charging the battery pack 104, and at this time, the high-voltage adapter and the first battery CELL1 can jointly supply power to the system 100 (the single-battery discharging mode). Step 316 then proceeds to step 317.
At step 317, the controller 107 detects whether the high voltage adapter is unplugged. If the pull-out is performed, the step 317 returns to the step 304, otherwise, the step 317 returns to the step 315. Steps 313, 314, 315 and 316 are steps in which the high voltage adapter automatically determines whether to continue to charge the battery pack 104 according to the power requirements of the system 100.
In summary, the system 100 can dynamically switch the operation mode of the battery pack 104 according to different conditions, so that the battery pack 104 always operates in an optimal state. That is, the controller 107 determines whether or not the transition condition is satisfied based on the insertion condition of the adapter 102, the insertion conditions of CELL1 and CELL2, and the like. When the conversion condition is satisfied, the controller 107 controls the conversion chip 106 to convert the operation mode of the battery pack 104. The detection circuit 105 detects the value of the battery parameter of the battery pack 104 after the operation mode conversion. The fuel gauge 108 calculates the current percentage of charge RSOC of the battery pack 104 from the value of the battery parameter using the method described below. In addition, the display 109 displays the current charge percentage RSOC to intuitively reflect the remaining charge of the battery pack to the user. The controller may also perform corresponding management operations on the battery pack 104 according to the values of the battery parameters to extend the service life of the battery pack 104.
In addition, the embodiment shown in fig. 3 is only one embodiment of the present invention, and the dynamic switching of the operation mode of the battery pack 104 is not limited to the embodiment shown in fig. 3. The battery pack 104 may be limited by a developer to switch between several of the various modes of operation described above, depending on the needs of the user.
When in step 303, the operation mode of the battery pack 104 is the CELL1 CELL discharging mode. If no current or a small current flows through the first CELL1, the fuel gauge 108 obtains an open circuit voltage of the first CELL1, and obtains a corresponding fuel percentage in the first discharging meter according to the open circuit voltage. If the current flowing through the first battery CELL1 is larger, the electricity meter 108 obtains the value of the battery parameter of the first battery CELL1 (e.g., the discharge voltage, the discharge current and the temperature of the first battery CELL 1), and obtains the corresponding percentage of electricity in the second discharge meter according to the value of the battery parameter.
While in step 305, the battery pack 104 is operated in the pre-parallel discharge mode. In a practical scenario, the battery pack 104 is in the pre-parallel discharge mode for a short period of time, and the percentage of charge at that time is typically not calculated. If the percentage of the electric power is to be calculated, the calculation can be performed according to the calculation method of the battery pack 104 in the parallel discharging mode (refer to fig. 5).
When steps 306, 307, 308 and 313 are passed, the operation mode of the battery pack 104 is converted from the parallel discharge mode to the series charge mode in the process. Since the total capacity of the battery pack 104 changes during this process, to prevent the current percentage of charge of the battery pack 104 from jumping before and after the conversion, we use the method shown in fig. 4 to correct the total capacity of the battery pack 104 after the conversion. Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method of calculating a current charge percentage of the battery pack 104 according to one embodiment of the invention. Fig. 4 will be described in connection with fig. 3.
In step 410, when the high voltage adapter is plugged into the first CELL1 and the second CELL2 connected in parallel, the controller 107 controls the conversion chip 106 to convert the operation mode of the battery pack 104 from the parallel discharging mode to the serial charging mode (e.g., steps 306, 307, 308 and 313 in fig. 3).
At the end of the parallel discharge mode (e.g., step 308: the high voltage adapter has just been inserted into the system 100), the fuel gauge 108 obtains the percentage of power RSOC1 for the first and second batteries CELL1, CELL2 connected in parallel, step 420.
At step 430, upon switching to the series charging mode (e.g., steps 308 and 313: high voltage adapter is plugged into system 100), detection circuit 105 detects a value of a battery parameter of the battery pack, such as a charging voltage V of battery pack 104 CH (voltages across the first CELL1 and the second CELL2 connected in series), a charging current I flowing through the battery pack 104 CH The temperature T of the battery pack 104, i.e. (V CH ，I CH ，T)。
Step 440, based on the measured value (V CH ，I CH T) and the battery pack 104 are in series charging mode, the fuel gauge 108 will (V CH ，I CH T) is substituted into the conversion formula to calculate the value (V) of the battery parameter when the battery pack 104 is discharged DIS ，I DIS T), wherein V DIS ＝V CH -2I CH R 0 ，I DIS ＝-I CH 。
Step 450, according to the value (V DIS ，I DIS T), the electricity meter 108 obtains the electricity percentage RSOC2 in the third discharging meter.
Step 460, according to (V START ，I CH T) and the battery pack 104 are in series charging mode, the fuel gauge 108 will (V START ，I CH T) is substituted into the conversion formula to calculate the value (V) of the battery parameter when the battery pack 104 is discharged START -2I CH R 0 ，-I CH T) and then according to the value (V) of the battery parameter at the time of discharging START -2I CH R 0 ，-I CH T), the electricity meter 108 obtains the electricity percentage RSOC3 in the third discharging meter. Wherein, (V) START ，I CH T) is the value of the battery parameter when the battery pack 104 is in the empty state at the time of charging, and when the battery pack 104 is in the empty state, the remaining amount of power actually available to the battery pack 104 is close to zero, V START Is the charge initiation voltage of the first CELL1 and the second CELL2 connected in series.
Step 470, according to RSOC1, RSOC2, RSOC3 and total capacity in series Q S The fuel gauge 108 obtains the full charge capacity FCC of the battery pack 104 in the series charge mode. I.e., fcc= (RSOC 2-RSOC 3) Q S RSOC1. Due to the change in the total capacity of the battery pack 104 before and after the conversion (e.g., Q S ≠Q P ) The present invention ensures that the percentage of charge of the battery pack 104 does not jump before and after the conversion by recalculating the full charge FCC of the converted battery pack 104.
In step 480, the electricity meter 108 counts the amount of change Δq of the battery pack 104 after the conversion to the series charging mode.
Step 490, according to RSOC2, RSOC3, Q S Delta Q and FCC, the fuel gauge 108 calculates the current fuel percentage rsoc= [ (RSOC 2-RSOC 3) Q of the battery pack 104 in the series charging mode S +ΔQ]/FCC。
When steps 303, 302, 304 and 306 are passed, the operation mode of the battery pack 104 is converted from the cell discharge mode to the parallel discharge mode in the process. Since the total capacity of the battery pack 104 changes during this process, to prevent the current percentage of charge of the battery pack 104 from jumping before and after the conversion, we use the method shown in fig. 5 to correct the total capacity of the battery pack 104 after the conversion. Fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method of calculating a current charge percentage of the battery pack 104 according to one embodiment of the invention. Fig. 5 will be described in connection with fig. 3.
After the first battery CELL1 is inserted into the system 100 in step 510, when the controller 107 detects that the second battery CELL2 is also inserted into the system 100 and the absolute value of the difference between the voltage V1 of the first battery CELL1 and the voltage V2 of the second battery CELL2 is not greater than the equalization threshold Δv, the controller 107 controls the switching chip 106 to switch the operation mode of the battery pack 104 from the CELL1 single-CELL discharging mode to the parallel discharging mode (e.g., steps 303, 302, 304 and 306 in fig. 3).
At step 520, at the end of the CELL1 CELL discharge mode (e.g., steps 303 and 302 of fig. 3, i.e., CELL1 is powering the system 100 and CELL2 is detected to be also being inserted into the system 100), the fuel gauge 108 obtains the percentage of power RSOC1 of the first battery CELL 1.
At step 530, upon transition to the parallel discharge mode (e.g., steps 303, 302, 304, and 306 of FIG. 3, i.e., CELL1 is supplying power to the system 100 and CELL2 is detected to be inserted into the system 100, while |V1-V2|ΔV is not greater than ΔV), the detection circuit 105 detects the value of the battery parameter of the battery pack 104, e.g., the discharge voltage V of the battery pack 104 DIS (voltages across the first CELL1 and the second CELL2 connected in parallel), a discharge current I flowing through the battery pack 104 DIS The temperature T of the battery pack 104, i.e. (V DIS ，I DIS ，T)。
Step 540, according to (V DIS ，I DIS T) and the battery pack 104 are in parallel discharge mode, the electricity meter 108 obtains the percentage of electricity RSOC2 in the fourth discharge meter.
Step 550, according to (V EOD ，I DIS T), the electricity meter 108 obtains the electricity percentage RSOC3 in the fourth discharging meter. Wherein (V) EOD ，I DIS T) is the value of the battery parameter when the battery pack 104 is in the empty state at the time of discharging, and when the battery pack 104 is in the empty state, the remaining amount of electricity actually available to the battery pack 104 is close to zero, V EOD The discharge cutoff voltage of the first CELL1 and the second CELL2 connected in parallel.
Step 560, according to RSOC1, RSOC2, RSOC3 and parallel total capacity Q P The fuel gauge 108 obtains the full charge capacity FCC of the battery pack 104 in the parallel discharge mode. I.e., fcc= (RSOC 2-RSOC 3) Q P RSOC1. Due to the change in the total capacity of the battery pack 104 before and after the conversion (e.g., Q 1 ≠Q P ) The present invention ensures the battery pack 1 before and after conversion by recalculating the full charge capacity FCC of the converted battery pack 104The power percentage of 04 does not jump.
At step 570, the fuel gauge 108 counts the amount of change in the charge of the battery pack 104, Δq, after the transition to the parallel discharge mode.
Step 580, according to RSOC2, RSOC3, Q P Delta Q and FCC, the fuel gauge 108 calculates the current fuel percentage rsoc= [ (RSOC 2-RSOC 3) Q of the battery pack 104 in parallel discharge mode P -ΔQ]/FCC。
In the method of the above embodiment, on the one hand, only one fuel gauge 108 is needed to calculate the current fuel percentage of the battery pack 104 whose operation mode can be dynamically switched; on the other hand, the problem that the percentage of the electric quantity of the battery pack 104 is jumped due to the conversion of the working mode can be avoided, and meanwhile, the residual electric quantity of the battery pack 104 can be accurately reflected, so that the experience of a user is improved. More importantly, the method can also utilize the conversion relation between charge and discharge to convert the value of the battery parameter during charge into the corresponding value of the battery parameter during discharge, so that the electric quantity percentage is directly obtained in the discharge meter, no additional manufacturing of a charge meter is needed, and labor is saved.
In addition, in an embodiment, if the first battery CELL1 and the second battery CELL2 are the same type of battery, the calculation method of the charge percentage of the battery pack 104 is shown in fig. 6 when the battery pack 104 is switched from the parallel discharging mode to the serial charging mode. Fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method of calculating a current charge percentage of the battery pack 104 according to one embodiment of the invention. Fig. 6 will be described in connection with fig. 3. Compared with the method shown in fig. 3, the method shown in fig. 6 can accurately obtain the current electric quantity percentage without performing parameter conversion or using the third discharge meter, further optimize the calculation method, and ensure that the electric quantity percentage of the battery pack 104 does not jump before and after conversion.
In step 610, when the high voltage adapter is plugged into the first CELL1 and the second CELL2 connected in parallel, the controller 107 controls the conversion chip 106 to convert the operation mode of the battery pack 104 from the parallel discharging mode to the serial charging mode (e.g., steps 306, 307, 308 and 313 in fig. 3).
At the end of the parallel discharge mode (e.g., step 308: the high voltage adapter has just been inserted into the system 100), the fuel gauge 108 obtains the percentage of power RSOC1 for the first and second batteries CELL1, CELL2 connected in parallel, step 620.
At step 630, when the battery pack is switched to the series charging mode (e.g., steps 308 and 313: high voltage adapter is plugged into the system 100), the fuel gauge 108 counts the amount of change Δq of the battery pack 104 after the switch to the series charging mode.
Step 640, according to RSOC1, the total parallel capacity Q P Delta Q, the first battery CELL1 and the second battery CELL2 are the same type of battery, and the fuel gauge 108 calculates a current fuel percentage RSOC= (RSOC 1. Times.Q) of the battery pack 104 in the series charging mode P +2ΔQ)/Q P . As can be seen from the formula, when Δq=0, rsoc=rsoc1, i.e. when the battery pack 104 is just switched to the series charging mode, the battery pack still has a battery pack percentage at the end of the parallel discharging mode, so that the battery pack percentage can be prevented from jumping before and after the switching of the operating mode. Here, Δq represents only the amount of change in the electric power of one battery, and since the first battery CELL1 and the second battery CELL2 are the same type of battery and the first battery CELL1 and the second battery CELL2 are connected in series, 2Δq represents the amount of change in the electric power of the battery pack 104.
Fig. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method of calculating a current charge percentage of the battery pack 104 according to one embodiment of the present invention. The method is applied to the battery pack 104 with the working mode capable of being dynamically switched. The modes of operation of the battery pack 104 include a first mode and a second mode. The total capacity of the battery pack 104 in the first mode is different from the total capacity in the second mode.
In step 710, when the conversion condition is satisfied, the operation mode of the battery pack 104 is converted from the first mode to the second mode.
At step 720, the fuel gauge 108 obtains a first percentage of the battery pack 104 at the end of the first mode.
At 730, based on the value of the battery parameter of the battery pack 104 when in the second mode, the fuel gauge 108 obtains a second percentage of the fuel of the battery pack 104 when in the second mode.
In step 740, the fuel gauge 108 calculates the full charge capacity of the battery pack 104 in the second mode according to the first percentage of the fuel amount, the second percentage of the fuel amount, and the total capacity of the battery pack 104 in the second mode.
Step 750, according to the second power percentage, the total capacity in the second mode, the power variation, and the full charge capacity, the power meter 108 calculates the current power percentage of the battery pack 104 in the second mode, wherein the power variation is the power variation value of the battery pack 104 after the power meter 108 counts the battery pack 104 enters the second mode.
As described above, the present invention discloses a method for calculating battery power and a battery management system. The method can dynamically change the connection mode between the batteries in the battery pack according to different conditions so as to ensure that the battery pack works in an optimal state (for example, the charging time is shortened during charging, and the discharging time is prolonged during discharging). Meanwhile, the method can calculate the current electric quantity percentage of the battery pack with the working mode capable of being dynamically converted by using only one electric quantity meter, and can ensure the accuracy of the calculated current electric quantity percentage.
The foregoing detailed description and drawings are merely typical examples of the invention. It will be evident that various additions, modifications and substitutions may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims. It will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that the invention can be varied in form, construction, arrangement, proportions, materials, elements, components and otherwise, used in the practice of the invention, which are particularly adapted to specific environments and operative requirements without departing from the principles of the present invention. Accordingly, the embodiments disclosed herein are meant to be illustrative only and not limiting as to the scope of the invention which is to be given the full breadth of the appended claims and any and all legal equivalents thereof.
Claims (18)
1. A method for calculating battery power, applied to a battery pack with a dynamically switchable operating mode, wherein the operating mode comprises a first mode and a second mode, and the total capacity of the battery pack in the first mode is different from the total capacity in the second mode, the method comprising:
when a switching condition is satisfied, the operation mode of the battery pack is switched from the first mode to the second mode;
the fuel gauge obtains a first percentage of the fuel of the battery pack at the end of the first mode;
according to the value of the battery parameter of the battery pack in the second mode, the fuel gauge obtains a second percentage of the fuel of the battery pack in the second mode;
the fuel gauge obtains a third percentage of the electric quantity of the battery pack in a emptying state in the second mode, wherein the emptying state refers to the fact that the residual electric quantity of the battery pack is close to zero;
the electric quantity calculation is used for calculating the full charge capacity of the battery pack in the second mode, wherein the full charge capacity is obtained by multiplying the difference value between the second electric quantity percentage and the third electric quantity percentage by the total capacity in the second mode and then dividing the multiplied value by the first electric quantity percentage; and
The electricity quantity meter calculates the current electricity quantity percentage of the battery pack in the second mode, wherein the current electricity quantity percentage is obtained by dividing the product of the difference value of the second electricity quantity percentage and the third electricity quantity percentage and the total capacity in the second mode by the full charge capacity after adding an electricity quantity variation, and the electricity quantity variation is obtained by counting the electricity quantity variation value of the battery pack after entering the second mode.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of the fuel gauge deriving a second percentage of the fuel when the battery pack is in the second mode based on the value of the battery parameter when the battery pack is in the second mode comprises:
when the second mode includes charging the battery pack, the fuel gauge converts a value of a battery parameter at the time of charging corresponding to the second mode into a value of a battery parameter at the time of discharging corresponding to the second mode; and
And obtaining the second electric quantity percentage in a discharging meter corresponding to the second mode according to the value of the battery parameter during discharging.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the values of the battery parameters at charge include a charge voltage and a charge current; the values of the battery parameters during discharging include a discharging voltage and a discharging current; the discharge voltage is the product of the charge voltage minus twice the charge current and the resistance of the internal resistance of the battery pack, and the discharge current is a negative value of the charge current.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the battery pack comprises a first battery and a second battery, the switching condition is that when the controller detects that the second battery is inserted into the battery management system after the first battery is inserted into the system, and an absolute value of a difference value between a voltage of the first battery and a voltage of the second battery exceeds an equilibrium threshold, the first mode is a single battery discharging mode, the second mode is a pre-parallel discharging mode, and a current limiting circuit is connected in series between the first battery and the second battery connected in parallel, wherein the single battery discharging mode refers to that the first battery supplies power to the system, and the pre-parallel discharging mode refers to that the first battery and the second battery connected in parallel supply power to the system.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the battery pack comprises a first battery and a second battery, the switching condition is that when the controller detects that the second battery is inserted into the battery management system after the first battery is inserted into the system and an absolute value of a difference between a voltage of the first battery and a voltage of the second battery does not exceed an equalization threshold, the first mode is a single battery discharge mode, and the second mode is a parallel discharge mode, wherein the single battery discharge mode refers to the first battery powering the system, and the parallel discharge mode refers to the first battery and the second battery connected in parallel powering the system.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the battery pack comprises a first battery and a second battery, the switching condition is that when a high voltage adapter is plugged into the first battery and the second battery connected in parallel, the first mode is a parallel discharge mode and the second mode is a series charge mode, wherein the parallel discharge mode refers to the first battery and the second battery connected in parallel powering a system, and the series charge mode refers to charging the first battery and the second battery connected in series.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the battery pack comprises a first battery and a second battery, the switching condition is that when a common adapter is plugged into the first battery and the second battery connected in parallel, the first mode is a parallel discharge mode and the second mode is a parallel charge mode, wherein the parallel discharge mode refers to the first battery and the second battery connected in parallel supplying power to a system, and the parallel charge mode refers to charging the first battery and the second battery connected in parallel.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the battery pack comprises a first battery and a second battery, the conversion condition is that when a voltage of the battery pack exceeds a voltage threshold or the current charge percentage of the battery pack exceeds a preset percentage in a case where a high voltage adapter charges the first battery and the second battery connected in series, the first mode is a series charging mode, and the second mode is a parallel charging mode, wherein the series charging mode refers to charging the first battery and the second battery connected in series, and the parallel charging mode refers to charging the first battery and the second battery connected in parallel.
9. A method for calculating battery power, applied to a battery pack with a dynamically switchable operating mode, wherein the operating mode comprises a parallel discharging mode and a series charging mode, the total capacity of the battery pack in the parallel discharging mode is different from the total capacity in the series charging mode, the battery pack comprises a first battery and a second battery of the same model, the method comprises:
when a switching condition is satisfied, the operation mode of the battery pack is switched from the parallel discharge mode to the series charge mode;
the fuel gauge obtains a first percentage of the fuel of the battery pack at the end of the parallel discharge mode;
the electricity quantity meter counts the electricity quantity variation of the battery pack after entering the series charging mode; and
According to the total capacity of the battery pack in the parallel discharging mode, the first electric quantity percentage and the electric quantity variation, the electric quantity calculation calculates the current electric quantity percentage of the battery pack in the serial charging mode,
wherein the parallel discharge mode refers to the first battery and the second battery connected in parallel to supply power to a system, the series charge mode refers to the first battery and the second battery connected in series to charge, and
The current electric quantity percentage is the product of the first electric quantity percentage and the total capacity of the battery pack in the parallel discharging mode, which is added with the double electric quantity variation, and then divided by the total capacity of the battery pack in the parallel discharging mode.
10. A battery management system for managing a battery pack that can be dynamically switched between an operational mode, the operational mode comprising a first mode and a second mode, wherein a total capacity of the battery pack in the first mode is different from a total capacity in the second mode, the system comprising:
a conversion chip;
a controller coupled to the conversion chip;
an electricity meter coupled to the controller;
the system is configured to perform a method comprising:
when a conversion condition is met, the controller controls the conversion chip to convert the working mode of the battery pack from the first mode to the second mode;
the fuel gauge obtains a first percentage of the battery pack at the end of the first mode;
according to the value of the battery parameter of the battery pack in the second mode, the fuel gauge obtains a second percentage of the fuel of the battery pack in the second mode;
The fuel gauge obtains a third percentage of the electric quantity of the battery pack in a emptying state in the second mode, wherein the emptying state refers to the fact that the residual electric quantity of the battery pack is close to zero;
the electric quantity calculation is used for calculating the full charge capacity of the battery pack in the second mode, wherein the full charge capacity is obtained by multiplying the difference value between the second electric quantity percentage and the third electric quantity percentage by the total capacity in the second mode and then dividing the multiplied value by the first electric quantity percentage; and
The electricity quantity meter calculates the current electricity quantity percentage of the battery pack in the second mode, wherein the current electricity quantity percentage is obtained by dividing the product of the difference value of the second electricity quantity percentage and the third electricity quantity percentage and the total capacity in the second mode by the full charge capacity after adding an electricity quantity variation, and the electricity quantity variation is obtained by counting the electricity quantity variation value of the battery pack after entering the second mode.
11. The battery management system of claim 10 wherein the step of the fuel gauge deriving a second percentage of the fuel when the battery pack is in the second mode based on the value of the battery parameter when the battery pack is in the second mode comprises:
When the second mode includes charging the battery pack, the fuel gauge converts a value of a battery parameter at the time of charging corresponding to the second mode into a value of a battery parameter at the time of discharging corresponding to the second mode; and
And obtaining the second electric quantity percentage in a discharging meter corresponding to the second mode according to the value of the battery parameter during discharging.
12. The battery management system of claim 11 wherein the battery pack includes an internal resistance; the value of the battery parameter during charging comprises a charging voltage and a charging current; the values of the battery parameters during discharging include a discharging voltage and a discharging current; the discharge voltage is the product of the charge voltage minus twice the charge current and the resistance of the internal resistance, and the discharge current is a negative value of the charge current.
13. The battery management system of claim 10 wherein the battery pack comprises a first battery and a second battery, the switching condition is that when the controller detects that the second battery is inserted into the system after the first battery is inserted into the system and the absolute value of the difference between the voltages of the first battery and the second battery exceeds an equilibrium threshold, the first mode is a single battery discharging mode, the second mode is a pre-parallel discharging mode, the pre-parallel refers to a current limiting circuit connected in series between the first battery and the second battery connected in parallel, wherein the single battery discharging mode refers to the first battery powering the system, and the pre-parallel discharging mode refers to the first battery and the second battery connected in parallel powering the system.
14. The battery management system of claim 10 wherein the battery pack comprises a first battery and a second battery, the transition condition being that the first mode is a cell discharge mode and the second mode is a parallel discharge mode, wherein the cell discharge mode refers to the first battery powering the system, and the parallel discharge mode refers to the first battery and the second battery connected in parallel powering the system, when the controller detects that the second battery is also inserted into the system and an absolute value of a difference in voltages of the first battery and the second battery does not exceed an equalization threshold.
15. The battery management system of claim 10 wherein the battery pack comprises a first battery and a second battery, the switching condition is that when a high voltage adapter is plugged into the first battery and the second battery connected in parallel, the first mode is a parallel discharge mode and the second mode is a series charge mode, wherein the parallel discharge mode refers to the first battery and the second battery connected in parallel powering the system, and the series charge mode refers to charging the first battery and the second battery connected in series.
16. The battery management system of claim 10 wherein the battery pack comprises a first battery and a second battery, the conversion condition is that when a common adapter is plugged into the first battery and the second battery connected in parallel, the first mode is a parallel discharge mode and the second mode is a parallel charge mode, wherein the parallel discharge mode refers to the first battery and the second battery connected in parallel powering the system, and the parallel charge mode refers to charging the first battery and the second battery connected in parallel.
17. The battery management system of claim 10 wherein the battery pack comprises a first battery and a second battery, the transition condition being that the first mode is a series charging mode and the second mode is a parallel charging mode when a voltage of the battery pack exceeds a voltage threshold or the current charge percentage of the battery pack exceeds a preset percentage in a case where a high voltage adapter charges the first battery and the second battery connected in series, wherein the series charging mode refers to charging the first battery and the second battery connected in series, and the parallel charging mode refers to charging the first battery and the second battery connected in parallel.
18. A battery management system for managing a battery pack having an operating mode that is dynamically switchable, wherein the operating mode includes a parallel discharge mode and a series charge mode, a total capacity of the battery pack in the parallel discharge mode being different from a total capacity in the series charge mode, the battery pack including a first battery and a second battery of a same model, the system comprising:
a conversion chip;
a controller coupled to the conversion chip;
an electricity meter coupled to the controller;
the system is configured to perform a method comprising:
when a conversion condition is met, the controller controls the conversion chip to convert the working mode of the battery pack from the parallel discharging mode to the serial charging mode;
the fuel gauge obtains a first percentage of the electric quantity of the battery pack at the end of the parallel discharge mode;
the electricity quantity meter counts the electricity quantity variation of the battery pack after entering the series charging mode; and
According to the total capacity of the battery pack in the parallel discharging mode, the first electric quantity percentage and the electric quantity variation, the electric quantity calculation calculates the current electric quantity percentage of the battery pack in the serial charging mode,
Wherein the parallel discharge mode refers to the first battery and the second battery connected in parallel to supply power to the system, the series charge mode refers to the first battery and the second battery connected in series to charge, and
the current electric quantity percentage is the product of the first electric quantity percentage and the total capacity of the battery pack in the parallel discharging mode, which is added with the double electric quantity variation, and then divided by the total capacity of the battery pack in the parallel discharging mode.
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