CN115640078B - Android application loading optimization method based on intelligent prefetching of virtual file system data - Google Patents

Android application loading optimization method based on intelligent prefetching of virtual file system data Download PDF

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CN115640078B
CN115640078B CN202211661277.XA CN202211661277A CN115640078B CN 115640078 B CN115640078 B CN 115640078B CN 202211661277 A CN202211661277 A CN 202211661277A CN 115640078 B CN115640078 B CN 115640078B
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CN115640078A (en
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温研
晏华
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Beijing Linzhuo Information Technology Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
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Abstract

The invention relates to an android application loading optimization method based on intelligent prefetching of virtual file system data, which is used for creating a virtual file system with a Squashfs format for an APK file appAPPK of app and comprises the following steps: searching whether a file system metadata file appAPPK. Fsinfo corresponding to the APK file of the app exists or not, and if not, creating required metadata for the APK structure of the app; modifying an android framework, comprising: the loading process of the APK file is modified, and the loading process comprises the following steps: searching a corresponding file set capable of being preloaded according to the appAPPK; judging whether the APK file is a file capable of being preloaded or not for the opening operation of the APK file; for APK file reading operation, judging whether a read file is in a file capable of being preloaded, if so, reading the file from a memory or a memory mapping file; if not, modifying the path for reading the file into the read operation of the resource-related file. The invention improves the loading speed of the APK and reduces the reading times of the APK file.

Description

Android application loading optimization method based on intelligent prefetching of virtual file system data
Technical Field
The invention relates to an android application loading technology, in particular to an android application loading optimization method based on intelligent prefetching of virtual file system data.
Background
Squashfs is a read-only compressed file system type under Linux, and files, nodes and directories are compressed by using a compression algorithm such as zlib/lzo/xz. The node and directory data are byte aligned and highly compact. Each compressed node takes on average only 8 bytes in length (the exact length will vary depending on the file type, such as normal file, directory, symbolic link, and block/character device nodes, etc.).
Squashfs is a read-only file, and the mksquashfs tool is typically used to create a compressed Squashfs file system.
The Squashfs file system contains at most the following byte-aligned modules, as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
the compressed data block is written to the file system as if it were a file read from a directory and checked for redundancy. When the file data is written into the file system, the corresponding complete inode, directory, fragment, export, uid/gid lookup and xattr tables are also written into the file system at the same time.
The chunks of Squashfs are in compressed form, using two small metadata and a fragment cache in order to avoid re-decompressing the recently accessed data Squashfs. This cache is not used for data blocks that are compressed and cached in the page cache in the normal manner, but is used to temporarily cache fragments that are read as a result of a metadata and metadata block (i.e., inode or directory) or fragment connection. Because metadata and fragments may be packaged together into chunks (for greater compression), reading a particular metadata or fragment causes other metadata retrieval to be crowded. The temporary cache ensures that they can be accessed without requiring additional read decompression in the near future.
What an android application (including service) needs to do first when starting is to load and parse its corresponding APK (Zip format) file, and the code (Java binary code and various dynamic libraries) of an application and various resource files come from this APK file.
The processing mode of the APK file by the current android system is that every time the APK file is accessed, a Zip library is required to be used for re-reading related data. For example, the related data (e.g. manifest file, etc.) is read at startup, and the related file is read again later when the related resource (asset) needs to be loaded. Each time the APK file is accessed, the metadata in the Zip format (the directory structure of the Zip file is analyzed) is read from the APK file on the disk once, and the reading and the writing of the disk file and the decompression of the file blocks are related.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an android application loading optimization method based on intelligent prefetching of virtual file system data, which is used for solving the problem that an android system APK file is slow in loading speed.
The invention relates to an android application loading optimization method based on intelligent prefetching of virtual file system data, which comprises the steps of modifying an android frame and creating a virtual file system with a format of Squashfs for an APK file appAPPK of app; creating a virtual file system with a format of Squashfs for an APK file appAPPK, wherein the virtual file system comprises: searching whether a file system metadata file appAPPK. Fsinfo corresponding to the APK file of the app exists or not, and if not, constructing metadata for the APK file of the app; reading metadata from appa PK. Fsinfo, constructing a data structure fsMetaInfo required by creating a virtual volume by Squashfs in a memory, filling the metadata into the fsMetaInfo, and transmitting the fsMetaInfo and the appa PK full path name to a kernel module of the Squashfs virtual file system; loading fsMetaInfo by a kernel module of the Squashfs virtual file system, and mapping appAPPK to an operating system kernel address space appPKMappedAddress to create a virtual volume; making the created virtual volume visible to the user-mode application; modifying an android framework, comprising: the loading process of the APK file is modified, and the loading process comprises the following steps: searching a corresponding file set fileToPreloaded which can be preloaded according to the appAPK, reading all files in the fileToPreloaded, judging the size of each file, reading the files into a memory if the size of each file is larger than a first threshold value, and storing the file names and the memory addresses into a filePreloaded List; if the file is less than or equal to the first threshold value, mapping the file content to a memory, and storing the file name and the mapped memory address into a filePreloadedList; for the APK file opening operation, recording the file path as pathInAPK, judging whether the currently opened file is in the filePreloadedList, and if so, returning the handle of the corresponding file in the filePreloadedList; if not, modifying the path for opening the file as the opening of the file, wherein the new path for opening the file is the pathInAPK spliced by the full path of the virtual volume; and judging the size of the opened file, if the size of the opened file is smaller than a second threshold value, determining that the opened file is a file capable of being preloaded, and adding the path name of the file capable of being preloaded into the filesToPreloaded.
According to an embodiment of the android application loading optimization method based on intelligent prefetching of virtual file system data, the method for constructing metadata for the APK of the app specifically includes: A. creating a file system image of Squashfs based on the APK of the app, wherein the file system image contains metadata and an APK file and is recorded as appPK.img; B. informing the Squashfs kernel module to create a virtual volume based on appPK.img; C. d, analyzing the appAPK through a Zip file analysis library, reading an uncompressed block in the appAPPK, constructing a Bitmap table of the compressed block, recording the Bitmap table as uncompressingdBitmaptable, wherein one bit in the uncompressingdBitmaptable represents one file data block, whether the uncompressed block is a compressed block is indicated through the bit, and storing the uncompressingdBitmaptable which is taken as a part of the metainfo to the tail of the metainfo; E. fsMetaInfo is saved in binary form as appappk.
According to an embodiment of the android application loading optimization method based on intelligent prefetching of virtual file system data, a virtual volume is created based on fsMetaInfo information, a super block is set to be appAPKMappledAddress + Offset of the super block, and a first data block is set to be appAPKMappledAddress + Offset of the first data block.
According to the embodiment of the android application loading optimization method based on the intelligent prefetching of the virtual file system data, the created virtual volume is sent to a Linux file system in a mount mode, so that a user-mode application program can be seen.
According to an embodiment of the android application loading optimization method based on intelligent prefetching of virtual file system data, the method further includes: modify read operations for data blocks of Squashfs: (1) Judging whether the data block to be read is compressed or not according to the bit in uncompressiedbitmaptable; if the data block is compressed, judging whether the current data block to be read is in a readCache of the Squashfs file system; if the data block is in the readCache, returning the data block cached in the readCache; if the data block is not in the readCache, reading two data blocks before and after the data block and adding the data block into the readCache; continuing to execute (2); if not, continuing to execute the step (2); and (2) executing subsequent reading operation of the Squashfs standard.
According to an embodiment of the android application loading optimization method based on intelligent prefetching of virtual file system data, a corresponding file set filesToPreloaded which can be preloaded is searched according to appAPK, after the file set filesToPreloaded is searched, all files in the filesToPreloaded are read in parallel, and the number of lines is half of the number of logic cores of a current processor.
According to an embodiment of the android application loading optimization method based on intelligent prefetching of virtual file system data, the first threshold is 30M, and the second threshold is 50M.
According to an embodiment of the android application loading optimization method based on intelligent prefetching of virtual file system data, the modifying of the android frame further includes: for the reading operation of the APK file, judging whether the read file is in the filePreloadedList or not, and if so, reading the file from the memory or the memory mapping file; if not, modifying the path for reading the file into the read operation of the resource-related file.
According to an embodiment of the android application loading optimization method based on intelligent virtual file system data prefetching, a bit in uncompressible bitmap represents a file data block, the bit is 1 to indicate that the file data block is uncompressed, the bit is 0 to indicate that the file data block is compressed, the size of the file data block is marked as blockSize, and the default size is 128K.
According to the embodiment of the android application loading optimization method based on the intelligent prefetching of the virtual file system data, fsMetaInfo is loaded by a kernel module of a Squashfs virtual file system, appAPPK is mapped to an operating system kernel address space appPKMappedAddress through a file memory, and a virtual volume is created according to the information of the fsMetaInfo.
The invention pre-loads files which can affect the starting speed if the files are loaded slowly by learning the rule of reading/loading the files in the APK when the APK is started. The APK is packaged into a virtual Volume (Volume, which is equivalent to a partition of Windows) which can be recognized by a file system, so that the problem that decompression operation is required when the file in the APK is read every time is avoided. The APK file loading speed of the android system is improved.
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Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, contents, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be given in conjunction with examples.
The invention discloses an android application loading optimization method based on intelligent prefetching of virtual file system data, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, creating a virtual file system with a format of Squashfs for an applied APK file (marked as appaPK);
searching a file system metadata file appAPK.fsinfo corresponding to the APK of the app at a specified position or a corresponding position, judging whether a file system metadata file corresponding to the APK exists or not,
if the file system metadata file corresponding to the APK does not exist, metadata required for creating the virtual volume is constructed for the APK of the app,
if a file system metadata file appAPK.fsinfo corresponding to the APK exists or is constructed, reading the metadata from the appAPK.fsinfo, directly constructing a data structure required by the new virtual Volume (Volume, windows called partition) created by the Squashfs in the memory, filling the metadata into the data structure fsMetaInfo, and transmitting the data structure fsMetaInfo and the appAPPK file full path name to the kernel module of the Squashfs file system.
The metadata required for creating the APK structure of the app may specifically include:
A. creating a file system image of Squashfs based on the APK of the app, wherein the file system image contains metadata and an APK element and is recorded as appPK.img;
B. informing the Squashfs kernel module to create a virtual volume based on appaPK.img;
C. and reading a data structure where the metadata of the virtual volume is located from the Squashfs kernel module, and recording the data structure as fsMetaInfo. The metadata can comprise super blocks, data blocks, index node tables, directory tables, file extension attribute tables and the like;
D. analyzing the appAPPK through a Zip file analysis library (such as zlib), reading an uncompressed block, constructing a Bitmap table of the compressed block, recording the Bitmap table as uncompressingdBitmaptable, wherein one bit in the Bitmap table represents one file data block, the size of the file data block is recorded as blockSize, the default size is 128K (specifically, the size can be adjusted according to needs), the bit is 1 to indicate that the block is uncompressed, and the bit is 0 to indicate that the block is compressed. Taking the Bitmap table uncompressiedBitmaptable as a part of the fsMetaInfo and storing the part to the tail of the fsMetaInfo;
D. fsMetaInfo is saved as appapk. Fsinfo in binary form under the specified path.
Step 2, directly loading fsMetaInfo through the kernel module of the modified Squashfs file system, mapping appAcK to an operating system kernel address space (the address in the space is recorded as appAcMappedAddress) through a file memory, directly creating a virtual volume based on the information provided by the fsMetaInfo, setting the superblock as (appAckMappedAddress + Offset of the superblock), setting the first data block as (appAckMappedAddress + Offset of the first data block),
and the created virtual volume mount is sent to a Linux file system, so that the user mode application program is visible.
For one embodiment, an embodiment Zhuo Kuangjia is also modified, the method comprising:
1. and modifying the loading process of the APK file (LoadedApk:: loadePkFromPath) to realize data preloading, comprising the following steps:
searching whether a corresponding file set fileslopreloaded which can be preloaded exists or not according to the appAPK, if so, reading all files in the fileslopreloaded in parallel, wherein the parallel number can be half of the number of logic cores of the current processor, and the specific reading process can comprise the following steps:
judging the size of the file read in the filestoloaded, if the size of the file is less than or equal to 30M (or other thresholds can be selected), directly reading all contents into the memory, and storing the file name and the memory address into the filepreloadedList;
if the file size is larger than 30M (or other threshold values may be selected), mapping the file content to a memory (memory mapped file), and storing the file name and the mapped memory address into a fileePreloadedList;
2. modifying the opening and reading functions of the files in the operation APK in the android frame, such as opening and reading of the files of the resources and the like:
(1) Modifying an open function of an operating APK file in an android framework comprises:
for the open operation, the file path is regarded as pathInAPK, whether the currently opened file is in the filePreloadedList or not is judged,
if the file is in the filePreloadedList, returning the handle of the corresponding file in the filePreloadedList as the return value of the open function;
if not, the path for opening the file is modified to be the opening of the file directly, namely the path is used as a common file, the path is the pathInAPK spliced on the full path of the virtual volume and is used as a new path for opening the file, and the Zip library is not called to open the file in the APK. If the size of the opened file is smaller than 50M (or other threshold is selected), the file is considered to be a file which can be preloaded, and the pathname of the file is added to filestoloaded.
(2) Modifying a read function in an android framework that operates a file within an APK, comprising:
judging whether the read file is in the filePreloadedList:
if yes, reading the file directly from the memory or from the memory mapping file;
if not, modifying the path of reading the file to be a read operation directly on the related resource file asset, but not having a write operation on the APK, and not calling the Zip library to read the file in the APK.
For one embodiment, modifying the Squashfs file system kernel module optimizes read operations, including:
(1) Modifying a data block (block) read function of Squashfs, comprising:
performing Squashfs standard operation, such as parameter preprocessing and the like;
judging whether the block to be read is a compressed block or not according to the bit in uncompressiedbitmaptable,
if the current block is a compressed block, further judging whether the current block is in a readCache of the Squashfs file system, if so, directly returning to a data block cached in the readCache, and reading a function from the data block and returning; if the block is not in the readCache, directly reading the front block and the rear block of the block from the file and adding the two blocks into the readCache; continuing to execute the step (2);
if the block is not compressed, continuing to execute the step (2);
(2) And executing the subsequent block reading operation of the Squashfs standard.
The invention pre-loads the files which can affect the starting speed if the files are loaded slowly by learning the rule of reading/loading the files in the APK when the APK is started. The APK is packaged into a virtual Volume (Volume, which is equivalent to a partition of Windows) which can be recognized by a file system, so that the problem that decompression operation is required when the file in the APK is read every time is avoided. The loading speed of the APK is improved, and the reading times of the APK file are reduced.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An android application loading optimization method based on intelligent prefetching of virtual file system data is characterized by comprising the steps of modifying an android frame and creating a virtual file system with a format of Squashfs for an APK file appAPPK of an app;
the method for creating the virtual file system with the format of Squashfs for the APK file appAPPK of app comprises the following steps:
searching whether a file system metadata file appAPPK. Fsinfo corresponding to the APK file of the app exists or not, and if not, constructing metadata for the APK file of the app; reading metadata from appa PK. Fsinfo, constructing a data structure fsMetaInfo required by creating a virtual volume by Squashfs in a memory, filling the metadata into the fsMetaInfo, and transmitting the fsMetaInfo and the appa PK full path name to a kernel module of the Squashfs virtual file system;
loading fsMetaInfo by a kernel module of the Squashfs virtual file system, and mapping appAPPK to an operating system kernel address space appPKMappedAddress to create a virtual volume;
making the created virtual volume visible to the user-mode application;
modifying an android framework, comprising:
the loading process of the APK file is modified, and the loading process comprises the following steps: searching a corresponding file set fileToPreloaded which can be preloaded according to the appAPK, reading all files in the fileToPreloaded, judging the size of each file, reading the files into a memory if the size of each file is larger than a first threshold value, and storing the file names and the memory addresses into a filePreloaded List; if the file is less than or equal to the first threshold value, mapping the file content to a memory, and storing the file name and the mapped memory address into a filePreloadedList;
for the APK file opening operation, recording the file path as pathInAPK, judging whether the currently opened file is in the filePreloadedList, and if so, returning the handle of the corresponding file in the filePreloadedList; if not, modifying the path for opening the file as the opening of the file, wherein the new path for opening the file is the pathInAPK spliced by the full path of the virtual volume;
and judging the size of the opened file, if the size of the opened file is smaller than a second threshold value, determining that the opened file is a file capable of being preloaded, and adding the path name of the file capable of being preloaded into the filesToPreloaded.
2. The method for android application load optimization based on intelligent prefetching of virtual file system data as claimed in claim 1, wherein constructing metadata for the APK of the app specifically includes:
A. creating a file system image of Squashfs based on the APK of the app, wherein the file system image contains metadata and an APK file and is recorded as appPK.img;
B. informing the Squashfs kernel module to create a virtual volume based on appPK.img;
C. reading a data structure fsMetaInfo where metadata of the virtual volume is located from a Squashfs kernel module;
D. analyzing the appAPPK through a Zip file analysis library, reading an uncompressed block in the appAPK, constructing a Bitmap table of the compressed block, recording the Bitmap table as uncompressiedBitmaptable, wherein one bit in the uncompressiedBitmaptable represents one file data block, whether the uncompressed block is a compressed block is indicated through the bit, and the uncompressiedBitmaptable is used as a part of fsMetaInfo and is stored to the tail of the fsMetaInfo;
E. fsMetaInfo is saved in binary form as appappk.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for optimizing the loading of android applications based on intelligent prefetching of virtual file system data comprises creating a virtual volume based on fsMetaInfo information, setting the superblock to apppkmappedaddress + Offset of superblock, and setting the first data block to apppkmappedaddress + Offset of the first data block.
4. The method for android application load optimization based on virtual file system data intelligent prefetching of claim 1, wherein the created virtual volume is made visible to the Linux file system by mount means.
5. The method for android application load optimization based on intelligent prefetching of virtual file system data of claim 2, further comprising: modify read operations for data blocks of Squashfs:
(1) Judging whether the data block to be read is compressed or not according to the bit in uncompressiedbitmaptable;
if the data block is compressed, judging whether the current data block to be read is in a readCache of the Squashfs file system; if the data block is in the readCache, returning the data block cached in the readCache; if the data block is not in the readCache, reading two data blocks before and after the data block and adding the data block into the readCache; continuing to execute the step (2);
if not, continuing to execute (2);
(2) The subsequent read operation of the Squashfs standard is performed.
6. The android application loading optimization method based on intelligent prefetching of virtual file system data as claimed in claim 1, wherein the corresponding file set filesetpreloaded that can be preloaded is searched according to appAPK, after the search is completed, all files in the filesetpreloaded are read in parallel, and the number of rows is half of the number of logic cores of the current processor.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the first threshold is 30M and the second threshold is 50M.
8. The android application load optimization method based on intelligent prefetching of virtual file system data of claim 1, wherein modifying the android framework further comprises:
for the reading operation of the APK file, judging whether the read file is in the filePreloadedList or not, and if so, reading the file from the memory or the memory mapping file; if not, modifying the path for reading the file into the read operation of the resource-related file.
9. The method of claim 2, wherein a bit in the uncompressible bitmaptable represents a file data block, a bit of 1 indicates uncompressed, a bit of 0 indicates compressed, a file data block size is noted as blockSize, and a default size is 128K.
10. The method for optimizing loading of android applications based on intelligent prefetching of virtual file system data as claimed in claim 1, wherein a kernel module of the Squashfs virtual file system loads fsMetaInfo, maps appappk to an operating system kernel address space apppkmappedaddress through a file memory, and creates a virtual volume according to information of fsMetaInfo.
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US20170242716A1 (en) * 2016-02-18 2017-08-24 Line Corporation Method and system for enhancing loading speed of intermediate language file
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