CN115405268A - Low permeability reservoir CO 2 Drive development stage division method - Google Patents
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/164—Injecting CO2 or carbonated water
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/40—Controlling or monitoring, e.g. of flood or hurricane; Forecasting, e.g. risk assessment or mapping
Abstract
The invention provides a low permeability reservoir CO 2 A flooding development staging method, the low permeability reservoir CO 2 The drive development stage division method comprises the following steps: step 1, defining CO 2 Dividing main index bases in a driving development stage; step 2, according to CO 2 Driving a typical model to assist in dividing a development stage; step 3, defining CO 2 Dividing a main index calculation method in a drive development stage; step 4, determining a stage division result; and 5, verifying the division and integration rationality of the stages. The low permeability reservoir CO 2 CO formed by a flooding development staging method 2 The results are divided in the development stage, and CO is reflected objectively 2 Driving the dynamic characteristics of each development process to implement CO 2 The oil displacement is tracked, regulated and controlled in time and the whole process is evaluated, so that the foundation is laid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of low-permeability reservoir development, in particular to CO of a low-permeability reservoir 2 And (3) a development driving stage division method.
Background
CO 2 Flooding has been fully demonstrated in the implementation of mines at home and abroad as an effective method for increasing the recovery ratio of oil fields. In order to further improve the recovery ratio of onshore oil reservoirs and particularly realize the effective development of low-permeability oil reservoirs, china develops some CO in Jilin, daqing, shengli, china and other oil fields 2 The pilot test is driven and the success is preliminarily achieved. In view of CO 2 The characteristic of easy gas channeling is eliminated, the tracking and control in the development process are important factors for ensuring the development effect of the carbon dioxide (CO) 2 Driving different development stages, the regulation and control standards and regulation and control means are different. Thus investigating CO 2 Division of development stage into implementation of CO 2 The block tracking regulation and effect evaluation has important guiding significance.
CO 2 The oil displacement agent has the following characteristics: the gas compressibility is good, the gas compressibility is sensitive to pressure, and the dynamic time lag characteristic is obvious; the micro-mechanics is complex, and has the functions of displacement, swelling, viscosity reduction, mass transfer and the like, and the gravity differentiation difference is large; the sensitivity is strong, and the oil-gas viscosity ratio is sensitive, the permeability is sensitive, the multiphase is sensitive, the anisotropy is sensitive, the interface is sensitive and the like; the time span is short, the time from gas to adjustment and even the time for failure is short, and once the gas channeling is difficult to recover, the necessary observation window period and data are lacked. Cannot simply borrow water driveThe water content and the yield are used for stage division.
In application No.: CN201910090226.8 relates to a dense oil reservoir driving phase identification method, and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas field development. The method comprises the following steps: determining actual production data of an oil well put into production in a compact oil reservoir oil field block; determining the driving mode of each production time interval of the put-in-production oil well; drawing a relation curve graph of the pressure and the time of the put-in-production oil well and the gas-oil ratio and the time; performing piecewise linear fitting on the pressure curve, determining pressure characteristics under different driving modes under the geological condition of the current block, and determining slope boundary values of the driving modes; drawing a pressure and time change curve of the production well which is not subjected to driving stage division, and carrying out sectional division on the inflection point of the curve; and performing linear fitting on each section of pressure and time change curve to obtain an asymptote slope, so as to identify the driving stage.
In the application No.: CN201410708215.9, which is a chinese patent application, relates to an oil field development evaluation method, comprising: acquiring development dynamic data and phase permeability experimental data of a research oil reservoir block; dividing a research oil reservoir block into a plurality of development stages according to the water content; determining an evaluation index of each development stage of a research oil reservoir block; calculating actual values and theoretical values of evaluation indexes of the reservoir block in each development stage; calculating a threshold value of each evaluation index in each development stage; determining the weight of each evaluation index on the influence of the research on the development effect of the oil reservoir block, and acquiring an evaluation index weight matrix; acquiring development dynamic data of an oil reservoir block to be evaluated; determining the development stage of the oil reservoir block to be evaluated, and calculating the actual value of the evaluation index of the oil reservoir block in the development stage; establishing an evaluation index membership function of an oil reservoir block to be evaluated, and acquiring an evaluation index membership matrix; and calculating the comprehensive evaluation value of the oil reservoir block to be evaluated.
In the application No.: chinese patent application CN202010189293.8 relates to a method for predicting residual oil in high water content oil field, which comprises: step 1, establishing a sample library and carrying out model training; step 2, arranging geological static and development historical data of a research area; step 3, carrying out development stage and well pair division; step 4, calibrating the effective thickness of the stratum; step 5, carrying out partition boundary prediction and superposition; and 6, adjusting scheme design and evaluating the effect.
The prior art is greatly different from the invention, and the technical problems which we want to solve are not solved, so we invent a new low permeability reservoir CO 2 And (5) driving development stage division method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for establishing and reflecting CO 2 Low permeability reservoir CO forming the basis for supporting gas drive effect evaluation by combining key dynamic index parameters of drive effect characteristics 2 And (5) driving development stage division method.
The object of the invention can be achieved by the following technical measures: low permeability reservoir CO 2 A flooding development staging method, the low permeability reservoir CO 2 The drive development stage division method comprises the following steps:
step 2, according to CO 2 Driving a typical model to assist in dividing a development stage;
step 3, defining CO 2 Dividing a main index calculation method in a drive development stage;
step 4, determining a stage division result;
and 5, verifying the division and integration rationality of the stages.
The object of the invention can also be achieved by the following technical measures:
in step 1, the pressure, the gas drive leading edge advance distance, is taken as CO 2 The main basis of the drive stage division.
In step 1, after the gas drive front breaks through to the oil well, the gas-oil ratio and the rising speed affect the CO 2 The key index of the development effect and the economic benefit is that the key index is used as CO 2 And dividing the main stages after breakthrough according to the basis.
In step 2, CO is carried out at the reference site 2 Geology, reservoir, fluid and experiment for reservoir displacementDeveloping relevant parameters, designing a theoretical model, and considering the influence of factors such as geology, fluid and process on development dynamics.
In step 2, the degree of miscibility and CO were studied using numerical simulations 2 Coefficient of dissolved state, CO 2 By using the relationship between these parameters of volume and development time and extraction degree, the inflection point of the relationship change is found in the rectangular coordinate system as CO 2 Auxiliary basis for dividing the development stage; calculating CO 2 Dissolved coefficient and free coefficient as CO 2 The stage division basis after the gas breakthrough.
In step 3, the practicability and operability are mainly considered, and the CO is calculated by using an oil extraction engineering method 2 The miscible phase degree and the gas drive front edge position of the oil well are monitored in real time, and the pressure at the bottom of the oil well is used as CO 2 The stage division basis before the gas breakthrough.
In step 3, the calculation formula of the miscible degree is:
in the formula: f. of p -degree of miscibility;
p-mean formation pressure;
MMP-minimum miscible pressure.
In step 3, the calculation formula of the air-driven front edge position is as follows:
in the formula: r is f —CO 2 Radius of the flooding front edge of miscible flooding, m;
f g -gas phase split ratio, f;
S g -gas phase saturation, f;
α—CO 2 a hysteresis factor, f;
a-area of cross-section of seepage, m 2 ；
Φ — reservoir porosity, f;
h is the effective thickness of the reservoir, m;
t-injection time, d;
q i injection velocity, m 3 /d。
In step 4, on the basis of step 2 and step 3, CO is combined 2 The practical experience of driving CO is finally 2 The drive is divided into five development phases.
In step 4, the five development stages of the division are:
at the initial stage of gas drive: gas is injected at the beginning, the oil well has no gas and no effect, and the pressure is increased by more than 0.5MPa or 0.5 time of flowing pressure;
in the early stage of gas flooding: the gas drive front does not pass half of the well spacing, but the yield and the pressure are changed;
early in gas flooding: the gas drive front edge passes by half of the well spacing, the yield is obviously increased, and no gas is seen;
in the middle stage of gas flooding: gas is produced, and the produced gas is mainly produced in a dissolved state underground;
and (3) gas flooding later stage: when gas is seen, the yield is continuously reduced, and the gas is mainly produced in a free state.
In step 5, the duration, the stage oil change rate and the stage extraction degree of each stage are analyzed in the digifax, and it is found that under the homogeneous condition, the development duration of each stage with different permeability is different, the duration of the middle stage and the later stage is long, the duration is longer when the permeability is lower, the duration is approximately the same as the water drive development rule, and the oil change rate and the stage extraction degree of each stage are basically consistent.
Low permeability reservoir CO of the invention 2 Flooding development staging method to low permeability reservoir CO 2 The development stage division method is proposed by taking the example as the basis of CO 2 The drive test unit geological, oil deposit, fluid and other characteristic parameters design a theoretical model from CO 2 The angles of a driving action mechanism and a seepage process define the CO 2 Five time periods of driving dynamic response, low permeability reservoir CO 2 And laying a foundation for tracking, regulating and controlling the driving effect and evaluating the development effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a low permeability reservoir CO2 flooding phase partitioning method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a reservoir parameter simulation scheme design in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating development phase partitioning results in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a development phase partition rationality verification curve in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a model and formula calculation of injected PV versus displacement front position curves in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of a bottom hole flow pressure curve for an injection and production well in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a plot daily note, daily oil level curve in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph illustrating monthly fluid production, monthly oil production, monthly gas-oil ratio curves for a block according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a block monthly fluid production and monthly oil production curve according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, examples accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
As shown in FIG. 1, the low permeability reservoir CO of the present invention 2 The drive development stage division method comprises the following steps:
The formula I is as follows: degree of miscibility
In the formula: f. of p -degree of miscibility;
p-mean formation pressure;
MMP-minimum miscible pressure.
The second formula is as follows: gas drive leading edge position
In the formula: r is f —CO 2 Radius of the flooding front edge of miscible flooding, m;
f g -gas phase split ratio, f;
S g -gas phase saturation, f;
α—CO 2 a hysteresis factor, f;
a-area of cross-section of seepage, m 2 ；
Φ — reservoir porosity, f;
h-reservoir effective thickness, m;
t is the injection time, d;
q i injection velocity, m 3 /d。
The following are several specific examples to which the present invention may be applied.
Example 1:
in one embodiment of the present invention, the oil-containing area of the A block is 4.1Km 2 The oil deposit depth is 2800-3200 meters, the permeability is 4.7mD, and the viscosity of crude oil is 1.59 mPa. CO injection from 1 month of 2008 2 The formation pressure during gas injection is 24.5MPa, the total production well is 15 ports, the injection well is 11 ports, and CO is injected cumulatively 2 28 ten thousand tons, block extraction degree15%, the recovery degree of the central well region is 17.7%, and the scheme forecasts the recovery rate to be 26.1%.
Collecting experimental data (PVT data, minimum miscible pressure data, facies permeability data and the like) of the A block, reservoir data (geological profile, physical properties, fluid properties and the like), development data (well pattern and well spacing, production dynamics, test data and the like), and establishing a reservoir numerical simulation model.
And measuring and calculating the development stage division indexes by a digital-analog and oil reservoir engineering method, and determining the stage division according to the measurement and calculation result (fig. 5, 6 and 7).
(1) Gas drive initial stage (2008 1 month-2008 2 month)
And (3) beginning to inject gas, wherein the oil well has no gas and no effect, and the gas injection time is 1 month.
(2) Early gas drive (2008 2-2008 8)
The gas drive front does not exceed half of the well spacing, but the production and pressure are changed. And the gas drive front at the end of the single-well gas injection phase reaches the near well of the oil well basically, including the early stage of gas drive and the middle early stage of gas drive. The shortest time for gas channeling is 83 days, and the longest time is 463 days. The early time of gas flooding is from 2008 to 2008 8 months.
(3) Gas drive middle and early stages (2008 9-2016-11 months)
The gas drive front is over half of the well spacing, the yield is obviously increased, and no gas is seen. The gas-oil ratio rises to some extent but the rising amplitude is not large under the influence of a small well spacing at the gas injection stage of a single well, and the gas-oil ratio is considered to be in the middle and early stages of gas flooding.
(4) Gas drive metaphase (2016 year 12 month-to date)
Gas is produced, and the produced gas is mainly produced underground in a dissolved state. According to the block CO 2 The physical simulation experiment research of the drive pilot test judges that the gas-oil ratio is 500m 3 /m 3 The following is the dissolved gas produced.
On the basis of dividing block development stages, evaluating the development effect of each stage, and making regulation and control measures in time to ensure CO 2 And (4) a hair-dispelling effect.
Example 2:
in the embodiment 2 to which the present invention is applied, the oil-containing area of the B block is 0.94Km 2 The geological reserve of petroleum is 32.6 ten thousand tons, the depth of the petroleum reservoir is 3210 meter, the permeability is 1.2mD, the viscosity of underground crude oil is 4.42 mPa.s, and the miscible pressure is 31.56MPa. CO injection from 7 months in 2013 2 Total 3 production wells, 1 injection well, CO 2 2.0 ten thousand tons of accumulated injection is performed, the stratum pressure of a well group is recovered to 33.7MPa from 14.2MPa, and the daily oil of a single well is increased to 7.7 tons/day of an effective peak value from 2.2 tons/day.
And measuring and calculating the development stage division indexes, and determining the stage division according to the measurement and calculation result (figure 8).
(1) Early stage of gas drive and early stage of gas drive (2013, 7-2015, 12 months)
The initial period and the early period of the well group are long, and the well is opened immediately mainly because the well is closed to recover the formation pressure after gas injection, so that the gas drive initial period and the gas drive early period are combined.
(2) Gas drive middle and early stages (2016 month 1-2017 month 2)
The gas drive front crosses half of the well spacing, the yield is obviously increased, and no gas is seen (figure 8).
(4) Gas drive metaphase (2017 3 month-to-date)
The gas-oil ratio is kept at 500m 3 /m 3 In the following, the produced gas is produced underground mainly in a dissolved state.
Example 3:
in embodiment 3 to which the present invention is applied, the oil-impregnated area of the C block is 6.5Km 2 The petroleum geology reserves are 232 ten thousand tons, the depths in the oil reservoir are 3170 meters, the permeability is 0.5-1.4mD, and the viscosity of underground crude oil is 1.59 mPa.s. CO injection from 11 months in 2017 2 The total number of the production wells is 3, and the number of the injection wells is 2.
The development stage division index is measured and calculated, and the stage division is determined according to the measurement and calculation result (fig. 9).
(1) Early stage of gas drive (2017, 11-2018, 1 month)
At the initial stage of gas injection, the oil well production pressure is unchanged.
(2) Early gas drive (12 months in 2018-7 months in 2020)
The well pressure begins to rise and production rises, but the gas drive front does not cross half the well spacing.
(3) Gas drive middle and early stages (8-2021 4 months in 2020)
The gas drive front is over half of the well spacing, the yield is obviously increased, and no gas is seen.
Low permeability reservoir CO of the invention 2 Method for dividing development stages, CO formed 2 The results are divided in the development stage, and CO is reflected objectively 2 Driving the dynamic characteristics of each development process to implement CO 2 The oil displacement is tracked, regulated and controlled in time and the whole process is evaluated, so that the foundation is laid.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition to the technical features described in the specification, the technology is known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (11)
1. Low permeability reservoir CO 2 The stage division method for the flooding development is characterized in that the low permeability reservoir CO 2 The drive development stage division method comprises the following steps:
step 1, defining CO 2 Dividing main index bases in a driving development stage;
step 2, according to CO 2 Driving a typical model to assist in dividing a development stage;
step 3, defining CO 2 Dividing a main index calculation method in a drive development stage;
step 4, determining a stage division result;
and 5, verifying the phase division and integration rationality.
2. The low permeability reservoir CO of claim 1 2 The method for dividing the development stage of the flooding is characterized in that in step 1, the pressure and the gas drive front edge are pushedDistance of advance as CO 2 The main basis of the drive stage division.
3. The low permeability reservoir CO of claim 2 2 The method for dividing the development stages of the flooding is characterized in that in the step 1, after the gas flooding front breaks through to an oil well, the height of the gas-oil ratio and the rising speed influence CO 2 The key index of the development effect and the economic benefit is taken as CO 2 And dividing the main stages after breakthrough according to the basis.
4. The low permeability reservoir CO of claim 1 2 Flooding development staging method, characterized in that in step 2, CO is conducted with reference to the mine site 2 The method comprises the steps of driving geology, oil deposit, fluid, experiment and development related parameters of an oil deposit, designing a theoretical model, and considering the influence of factors such as the geology, the fluid and a process on development dynamics.
5. The low permeability reservoir CO of claim 4 2 The development stage division method is characterized in that in step 2, the degree of miscible phase and CO are researched by using numerical simulation 2 Coefficient of dissolved state, CO 2 The relationship between these parameters of volume and development time and extraction degree is used to find out the inflection point of relationship change in rectangular coordinate system as CO 2 Auxiliary basis for driving development stage division; calculating CO 2 Coefficient of dissolved state and coefficient of free state as CO 2 The stage division basis after the gas breakthrough.
6. The low permeability reservoir CO of claim 1 2 The flooding development stage division method is characterized in that in step 3, the practicability and operability are mainly considered, and the CO is calculated by using an oil extraction engineering method 2 The miscible phase degree and the gas drive front edge position of the oil well are monitored in real time, and the pressure at the bottom of the oil well is used as CO 2 The stage division basis before the gas breakthrough.
7. The low permeability reservoir CO of claim 6 2 Drive open stageThe method is characterized in that in the step 3, the calculation formula of the miscible degree is as follows:
in the formula: f. of p -degree of miscibility;
p-mean formation pressure;
MMP-minimum miscible pressure.
8. The low permeability reservoir CO of claim 6 2 The stage division method for the gas drive development is characterized in that in the step 3, a calculation formula of the position of the gas drive front edge is as follows:
in the formula: r is f —CO 2 Radius of the displacement front edge of miscible flooding, m;
f g -gas phase split ratio, f;
S g -gas phase saturation, f;
α—CO 2 a hysteresis factor, f;
a-area of cross-section of seepage, m 2 ；
Φ — reservoir porosity, f;
h is the effective thickness of the reservoir, m;
t-injection time, d;
q i injection velocity, m 3 /d。
9. The low permeability reservoir CO of claim 1 2 The development stage division method is characterized in that in step 4, CO is combined on the basis of step 2 and step 3 2 Driving practical experience to finally CO 2 The drive is divided into five development phases.
10. The method of claim 9Low permeability reservoir CO 2 The development driving stage division method is characterized in that in step 4, five divided development stages are as follows:
in the initial stage of gas drive: gas is injected at the beginning, the oil well has no gas and no effect, and the pressure is increased by more than 0.5MPa or 0.5 time of flowing pressure;
in the early stage of gas flooding: the gas drive front does not pass half of the well spacing, but the yield and the pressure are changed;
early in gas flooding: the gas drive front edge passes by half of the well spacing, the yield is obviously increased, and no gas is seen;
in the middle stage of gas flooding: gas is produced, and the produced gas is mainly produced in a dissolved state underground;
and (3) gas flooding later stage: when gas is seen, the yield is continuously reduced, and the gas is mainly produced in a free state.
11. The low permeability reservoir CO of claim 1 2 The method for dividing the flooding development stages is characterized in that in the step 5, the duration, the stage oil change rate and the stage extraction degree of each stage are analyzed in a digital analogy, and the development durations of the stages with different permeabilities are different under a homogeneous condition, the durations in the middle stage and the later stage are long, the durations are longer when the permeabilities are lower, the durations are approximately the same as the water flooding development law, and the oil change rate and the stage extraction degree of each stage are basically consistent.
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