CN115395219A - Bandwidth reconfigurable dual-polarized dielectric patch antenna for full-duplex communication - Google Patents

Bandwidth reconfigurable dual-polarized dielectric patch antenna for full-duplex communication Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115395219A
CN115395219A CN202211111007.1A CN202211111007A CN115395219A CN 115395219 A CN115395219 A CN 115395219A CN 202211111007 A CN202211111007 A CN 202211111007A CN 115395219 A CN115395219 A CN 115395219A
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China
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dielectric patch
bandwidth
mode
patch antenna
polarization direction
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CN202211111007.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈建新
张小珂
沈一春
符小东
蓝燕锐
徐翠
房洪莲
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Nantong University
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Nantong University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors

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Abstract

The invention discloses a bandwidth-reconfigurable dual-polarized dielectric patch antenna for full-duplex communication. In the X polarization direction, a single port is used to excite the fundamental mode TM 10 Mode and higher order mode TE 12 Mode for wideband transmitter operation. For Y polarization directionUsing differential feed structures to excite degenerate TMs 01 Mode and inverted TM 02 Mode for wideband receiver operation. The metal floor is placed between the two layers of substrates, two groups of gaps are etched on the metal floor and used for aperture coupling between the dielectric patch resonator and the metal microstrip line positioned at the bottom of the lower layer of substrate, wherein a variable capacitor is arranged in the coupling gap in the Y polarization direction and used for tuning the working bandwidth of the dielectric patch antenna in the Y polarization direction. The antenna has the advantages of reconfigurable bandwidth, high isolation, low profile, simple structure and the like, and has wide application prospect in a full-duplex system.

Description

Bandwidth reconfigurable dual-polarized dielectric patch antenna for full-duplex communication
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a bandwidth-reconfigurable dual-polarized dielectric patch antenna for full-duplex communication.
Background
Currently, available spectrum resources are very limited, and with the rapid development of wireless communication, these spectrum resources become increasingly crowded, and how to improve the spectrum utilization rate becomes a key research topic. Currently, most wireless communication systems have both terminals (e.g., base stations, relays, and mobile terminals) that transmit and receive signals. These communication systems are mostly time division or frequency division duplex communication systems, i.e. the terminals do not transmit and receive signals in the same time or frequency band. The same-frequency full duplex communication system is different, and can ensure that the transmitting signal and the receiving signal are simultaneously finished on the same frequency, thereby doubling the transmission speed of data stream, the communication capacity of the wireless communication system and the frequency spectrum utilization rate. As the front end of a full-duplex system, the adoption of a high isolation antenna is the key to realizing high-quality communication in engineering application. Techniques such as antenna separation, near field cancellation, parasitic structures, and placement of a wave absorber between antennas can all achieve high isolation. These techniques typically employ multiple separate antennas or large and complex antenna structures, resulting in large physical dimensions.
Dual polarized antennas have received much attention due to the advantages of miniaturization with shared radiation apertures and the natural isolation between orthogonal polarizations. In order to meet the high isolation requirement of full-duplex application, various low-profile differential feed dual-polarized antennas are widely developed. However, the above designs are all based on metal, the working mode is mostly single mode, the working bandwidth is narrow, and the design is not suitable for the application background of high speed and large capacity. Recently, a new feed structure, a magnetic loop, has been proposed to achieve bandwidth enhancement, and antennas consisting of magnetic and electric feeds have achieved wider bandwidths, but with port isolation of only over 20dB. Furthermore, stacking the super-surface structure on the feed patch achieves a bandwidth of 28.4%, however, high profile is still a limiting factor and complexity increases with the introduction of overhead structures.
Dielectric resonator antennas are also suitable for dual polarization designs and have been widely studied over the past decades. The dielectric patch antenna is the best compromise between the dielectric resonator antenna and the microstrip patch antenna in aspects of appearance, efficiency, gain and the like, and is developed for overcoming the limitations of high appearance and poor gain of the traditional dielectric resonator antenna. More importantly, the higher order modes of the dielectric patch resonator may enable an extension of the bandwidth which benefits from inheriting the multi-mode properties from the dielectric resonator. In documents s. -c.tang, x. -y.wang, w. -w.yang and j. -x.chen, "wide band low-profile dielectrical patch antenna and array with antenna characteristic property," IEEE trans. Antennas probe., vol.68, no.5, pp.4091-4096, may, by introducing a silver plating bath, move the higher order mode down close to the base mode, thereby achieving bandwidth extension of the linearly polarized antenna. To our knowledge, the design of dual polarized dielectric patch antennas is rare. The dual-polarized dielectric patch antenna in the document X, Y, wang, S, C, tang and J, X, chen, "Differential-fed dual-polarized dielectric patch antenna with gain enhancement on high order modules," IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag, lett., vol.19, no.3, pp.502-506, march.2020, achieves a high isolation of 34dB using a Differential feed technique. Although the introduced ground rod can incorporate the higher order modes of the dielectric patch, the bandwidth can only be extended to 4.88%.
On the other hand, with the rapid development of wireless communication systems, bandwidth reconfigurable communication systems are receiving more and more attention due to their efficient use of frequency spectrum. However, no dual-polarized dielectric patch antenna design capable of simultaneously realizing bandwidth reconfiguration and high-port isolation exists at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the antenna fully utilizes the multimode characteristic of the dielectric patch resonator, and can reduce high-order TE by adjusting the length-width ratio of the dielectric patch 12 Mode, bringing it close to fundamental mode TM 10 Mode, thereby realizing broadband performance in X polarization direction, and simultaneously, TM is coupled by a pair of grooves etched at the edge of the dielectric patch and improved coupling gap on the ground 01 Mode and inverse TM 02 The modes combine to achieve broadband performance in the Y polarization direction. The four variable capacitance diodes are respectively arranged on the U-shaped coupling slot in the Y polarization direction to electrically tune the working bandwidth in the Y polarization direction, so that the bandwidth reconfiguration of the antenna is realized. High isolation of the antenna is achieved by a differential feed scheme.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the bandwidth reconfigurable dual-polarized dielectric patch antenna for full-duplex communication provided by the invention consists of a rectangular dielectric patch with a pair of grooves etched on the edge and two layers of substrates. A dielectric patch is placed on the top substrate and excited by three ports. In the X polarization direction, a single port is used to excite the fundamental mode TM 10 Mode and higher order mode TE 12 Mode for wideband transmitter (Tx) operation. For Y polarization direction, a differential feed structure is adopted, and degenerate TM is excited through a pair of differential input ports 01 Mode and inverted TM 02 Mode for wideband receiver (Rx) operation. The metal ground reflection floor is arranged between the two layers of substrates, and a coupling gap is etched on the metal ground reflection floor for aperture coupling between the dielectric patch resonator and the metal microstrip line positioned at the bottom of the lower layer of substrate. The coupling gap corresponding to the single-feed input feeder line is a linear coupling gap and is used for aperture coupling in the X polarization direction; the coupling gaps corresponding to the differential input feeder lines are symmetrically arrangedTwo groups of composite coupling gaps arranged on the outer sides of two ends of the linear type coupling gap are arranged, each group of composite coupling gaps comprises a rectangular gap and two U-shaped coupling gaps which are arranged on the outer side of the rectangular gap and are symmetrical along the Y polarization direction, a variable capacitor is arranged in the center of each U-shaped coupling gap, and the composite coupling gaps are used for aperture coupling in the Y polarization direction.
The invention realizes high isolation of the antenna by a differential feed scheme. By adjusting the aspect ratio of the dielectric patch, the high-order TE can be reduced 12 Mode, making it close to fundamental mode TM 10 Mode, thereby realizing the broadband performance in the X polarization direction; TM is realized by a pair of grooves etched on the edge of a dielectric patch and an improved coupling gap on a metal reflecting floor respectively 01 Upward movement and inversion of modes TM 02 The mode is moved downwards, so that the broadband performance in the Y polarization direction is realized; and simultaneously, electrically tuning the working bandwidth in the Y polarization direction through the variable capacitance diode.
The antenna has the advantages of reconfigurable bandwidth, high isolation, low profile, simple structure and the like, and has wide application prospect in a full-duplex system.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a bandwidth reconfigurable dual-polarized dielectric patch antenna of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the bandwidth reconfigurable dual-polarized dielectric patch antenna.
Fig. 3 shows the simulated return loss and port isolation of the bandwidth reconfigurable dual-polarized dielectric patch antenna.
Fig. 4 is a simulation directional diagram of the single-feed input port of the bandwidth reconfigurable dual-polarized dielectric patch antenna at 4.98 GHz.
Fig. 5 is a simulation directional diagram of a single-feed input port of the bandwidth reconfigurable dual-polarized dielectric patch antenna at 5.98 GHz.
FIG. 6 is a simulation directional diagram of a 5.06GHz differential input port of the bandwidth-reconfigurable dual-polarized dielectric patch antenna when the adjustable capacitance is 0.6pF
FIG. 7 is a simulation directional diagram of a 5.58GHz differential input port of the bandwidth-reconfigurable dual-polarized dielectric patch antenna when the adjustable capacitance is 0.6pF
FIG. 8 is a simulation directional diagram of the differential input port of the bandwidth-reconfigurable dual-polarized dielectric patch antenna at 5.24GHz when the adjustable capacitance is 0.1pF
Fig. 9 is a simulated directional diagram of the differential input port of the bandwidth-reconfigurable dual-polarized dielectric patch antenna at 5.58GHz when the adjustable capacitance is 0.1 pF.
The numbers in the figures are as follows:
the antenna comprises a substrate, a dielectric patch 1, a groove 2, a top substrate 3, a metal reflective floor 4, a linear coupling slot 5, a composite coupling slot 6, a variable capacitor 7, a bottom substrate 8, a single-feed microstrip feeder 9, a differential microstrip feeder 10, a single-feed input port S1 and a differential input port S2.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a bandwidth reconfigurable dual-polarized dielectric patch antenna for full-duplex communication implemented by the present invention. The dual-polarized dielectric patch antenna comprises a bottom substrate 8, a metal reflecting ground 4, a top substrate 3 and a dielectric patch 1 which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top. The medium patch 1 is a rectangular medium patch, is adhered to the center of the top substrate 3 through glue, and the short edge of the medium patch 1 is positioned in the X polarization direction. The edge of the short side of the dielectric patch 1 is etched with a pair of grooves 2, and the grooves 2 are symmetrical about the vertical bisection plane of the dielectric patch 1. The lower surface of the bottom substrate 8 is provided with a single-feed microstrip feeder line 8 and a differential microstrip feeder line 9, the single-feed microstrip feeder line 8 and the differential microstrip feeder line 9 are both composed of a 50 omega transmission line close to the input port and a section of lambda/4 impedance transformation line for matching, and the 50 omega transmission line is connected with the signal input port. The bottom substrate 7 is a double-sided printed circuit board, the top layer of the double-sided printed circuit board is a metal reflection floor 4, the bottom layer is a single-feed microstrip feeder line 9 and a differential microstrip feeder line 10, the single-feed microstrip feeder line 9 is arranged along the X polarization direction, and the differential microstrip feeder line 10 is arranged along the Y polarization direction. The metal reflection ground 4 is etched with coupling gaps orthogonal to the corresponding microstrip feeder lines, the coupling gaps comprise a linear coupling gap 5 which is positioned in the center of the metal reflection floor 4 and orthogonal to the single-fed microstrip feeder line 9 and two groups of composite coupling gaps 6 which are respectively arranged at two ends of the linear coupling gap 5 and orthogonal to the differential microstrip feeder line 10, each group of composite coupling gaps 6 comprises a rectangular gap and two U-shaped coupling gaps which are arranged outside the rectangular gap and symmetrical along the Y polarization direction, and the center of each U-shaped coupling gap is provided with a variable capacitor 7. The four variable capacitors 7 are respectively placed on the two pairs of U-shaped slots, and the bandwidth of the differential input port of the dielectric patch antenna (the working bandwidth of the dielectric patch antenna in the Y polarization direction) is tuned by adjusting the capacitance value C of the variable capacitors.
The edge of the lower surface of the bottom substrate 7 is also provided with a single-feed input port S1 connected with the single-feed microstrip feed line 9, and differential input ports S2+ and S2-connected with the differential microstrip feed line 10.
In the X polarization direction, the fundamental mode TM is excited by a single-feed microstrip feed line 9 10 Mode and higher order mode TE 12 A mode for wideband transmitter operation; in the Y polarization direction, degenerate TM is excited by differential microstrip feed lines 10 01 Mode and inverted TM 02 Mode for wideband receiver operation.
The embodiment of the invention optimizes the sizes of all parts of the antenna, and the specific parameters of the antenna are shown in the following table:
parameter(s) L g W g h l d w d h d l c w c l s1
Value (mm) 55 60 0.813 36.8 26 1.5 8 6.2 8.3
Parameter(s) w s1 l s2 l s3 l s4 w s2 d s1 d s2 w f1 w f2
Value (mm) 0.9 10.2 8 6 1.1 24 1 1.5 1.4
In the table, h is the height of the top substrate 3 and the bottom substrate 8, l d Is the length, w, of the dielectric patch 1 d Width, h, of the dielectric patch 1 d Is the thickness of the dielectric patch, /) c Is the length of the groove 2, w c Is the width of the groove 2, /) s1 Is the length, w, of the linear coupling slot 5 s1 For the width of the coupling slot, l, of the linear coupling slot 5 s2 Is the length, l, of the rectangular slot in the composite coupling slot 6 s3 And l s4 The lengths, w, of the middle part and the bent part of the U-shaped coupling slot in the composite coupling slot s2 Width of the compound coupling slot, d s1 Distance between rectangular slits of two composite coupling slits, d s2 The distance between the U-shaped coupling gap and the rectangular gap in the composite coupling gap is shown.
The substrate used in the design was Rogers RO4003, which had a dielectric constant of ε r =3.38, loss tangent tan δ =2.7 × 10 -3 The volume of the top substrate 3 and the bottom substrate 8 is L g ×W g And (h), the bottom substrate 8 is a double-sided printed circuit board, the upper surface of the double-sided printed circuit board 8 is a metal reflection ground 4, and the lower surface is a microstrip feeder line.
Fig. 3 shows the simulated reflection coefficient and the isolation between ports of the bandwidth-reconfigurable dual-polarized dielectric patch antenna of the embodiment under different capacitance values, the bandwidth of the single-feed input port is 26.8%, and the bandwidth with the reflection coefficient less than-10 dB of the differential input port can be flexibly adjusted from 12.1% to 16.9%. The inter-port isolation is greater than 57dB. As can be seen from the figure: the low frequency resonance point of the differential input port shifts down as C increases.
Simulated E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns at different tunable capacitance values are shown in fig. 4-9, from which it can be seen that: the cross polarization of the antenna is at least 20dB lower than the main polarization, while the antenna can be presumed to exhibit a stable broadside radiation pattern throughout the bandwidth tuning range.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a bandwidth restructural dual polarization dielectric patch antenna for full duplex communication, includes bottom base plate (8), metal reflection floor (4), top layer base plate (3) and dielectric patch (1) that stack gradually the setting from bottom to top, its characterized in that: the lower surface of the bottom substrate (8) is provided with a single-feed microstrip feeder line (9) along the X polarization direction and a pair of differential microstrip feeder lines (10) along the Y polarization direction, and the metal reflective floor (4) is provided with coupling gaps (5 and 6) which are orthogonal to the corresponding microstrip feeder lines; exciting a fundamental mode TM in the X polarization direction by a single-feed microstrip feed line (9) 10 Mode and higher order mode TE 12 A mode for wideband transmitter operation; in the Y polarization direction, degenerate TM is excited by differential microstrip feed lines (10) 01 Mode and inverted TM 02 A mode for wideband receiver operation; the medium patch (1) is a rectangular medium patch, a pair of grooves (2) are symmetrically arranged in a vertical split plane of the rectangular medium patch, the coupling gaps (5 and 6) comprise a linear coupling gap (5) which is located in the center of the metal reflection floor (4) and is orthogonal to the single-fed microstrip feeder line (9) and two sets of composite coupling gaps (6) which are respectively arranged at two ends of the linear coupling gap (5) and are orthogonal to the differential microstrip feeder line (10), each set of composite coupling gaps (6) comprise a rectangular gap and two U-shaped coupling gaps which are arranged outside the rectangular gap and are symmetrical along the Y polarization direction, and a variable capacitor (7) is arranged in the center of each U-shaped coupling gap.
2. The bandwidth reconfigurable dual polarized dielectric patch antenna for full duplex communication according to claim 1, wherein: the variable capacitor (7) is used for tuning the working bandwidth of the dielectric patch antenna in the Y polarization direction.
3. The bandwidth reconfigurable dual polarized dielectric patch antenna for full duplex communication according to claim 1, wherein: the edge of the lower surface of the bottom substrate (8) is also provided with a single-feed input port (S1) connected with the single-feed microstrip feeder line (9) and differential input ports (S2 + and S2-) connected with the differential microstrip feeder line (10).
4. The bandwidth reconfigurable dual polarized dielectric patch antenna for full duplex communication according to claim 1, wherein: the short edge of the dielectric patch (1) is positioned in the X polarization direction, and the groove (2) is formed in one side of the short edge of the dielectric patch (1).
5. The bandwidth reconfigurable dual polarized dielectric patch antenna for full duplex communication according to claim 3, wherein: the single-feed microstrip feeder line (9) and the differential microstrip feeder line (10) are composed of a 50 omega transmission line and a section of lambda/4 impedance transformation line for matching, and the 50 omega transmission line is connected with the signal input port.
6. The bandwidth reconfigurable dual polarized dielectric patch antenna for full duplex communication according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom substrate (8) is a double-sided printed circuit board, the top layer of the double-sided printed circuit board is a metal reflection floor (4), and the bottom layer is a single-feed microstrip feeder line (9) and a differential microstrip feeder line (10).
7. The bandwidth reconfigurable dual polarized dielectric patch antenna for full duplex communication according to claim 1, wherein: the medium patch (1) is adhered to the center of the upper surface of the top substrate (3) through glue.
8. The bandwidth reconfigurable dual polarized dielectric patch antenna for full duplex communication according to claim 1, wherein: the variable capacitor (7) is a varactor.
CN202211111007.1A 2022-09-13 2022-09-13 Bandwidth reconfigurable dual-polarized dielectric patch antenna for full-duplex communication Pending CN115395219A (en)

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CN202211111007.1A CN115395219A (en) 2022-09-13 2022-09-13 Bandwidth reconfigurable dual-polarized dielectric patch antenna for full-duplex communication

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117594969A (en) * 2024-01-19 2024-02-23 微网优联科技(成都)有限公司 Novel resonator structure and directional diagram reconfigurable antenna

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117594969A (en) * 2024-01-19 2024-02-23 微网优联科技(成都)有限公司 Novel resonator structure and directional diagram reconfigurable antenna
CN117594969B (en) * 2024-01-19 2024-04-02 微网优联科技(成都)有限公司 Novel resonator structure and directional diagram reconfigurable antenna

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