CN115366218B - Method for preparing degradable flowerpot by using mold with adjustable thickness and convenient demolding - Google Patents
Method for preparing degradable flowerpot by using mold with adjustable thickness and convenient demolding Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for preparing a degradable flowerpot by using a mould which can adjust the thickness and is convenient for demoulding relates to a preparation method of the method for preparing the degradable flowerpot. The degradable flowerpot aims to solve the technical problems of high cost and poor mechanical property of the existing degradable flowerpot. The method comprises the following steps: 1. preparing a flowerpot mould which can adjust the thickness and is convenient for demoulding, wherein the flowerpot mould consists of a bottom mould, at least two positioning thickness-limiting rings and an upper mould 3, and the thickness of the thickness-limiting tables of the positioning thickness-limiting rings is different; 2. preparing a thermoplastic raw material; 3. die filling and hot pressing; 4. cooling and forming; 5. and demolding to obtain the degradable flowerpot. The method can flexibly adjust the thickness of the product, the prepared flowerpot is degradable, the effect of slowly releasing the fertilizer can be achieved, and the method can be used in the agricultural field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a degradable flowerpot.
Background
The flowerpot material is usually ceramic, plastic and other materials, wherein the plastic material is widely applied due to the advantages of light weight, convenient transportation, low cost, long service life and the like, but the flowerpot is not easy to degrade after being used, causes pollution to the environment and faces the problem of how to treat wastes. Most of the degradable flowerpots in the prior art have high cost, for example, the flowerpot disclosed in the Chinese patent "naturally degradable environmental protection flowerpot" with publication number CN108770534A is made of crushed plant fiber and adhesive, wherein the adhesive is formed by mixing oxidized starch and one or more of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polycaprolactone (PCL) or amino plastic molding powder. The flowerpot can be naturally degraded, but the flowerpot has higher cost and poorer mechanical property, and is easy to damage in the process of transportation and transplantation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of high cost and poor mechanical property of the existing degradable flowerpot, and provides a method for preparing the degradable flowerpot by using a mould which can adjust the thickness and is convenient to demould.
The method for preparing the degradable flowerpot by using the mould which can adjust the thickness and is convenient for demoulding comprises the following steps of:
1. preparing a flowerpot mould which can adjust the thickness and is convenient for demoulding, wherein the flowerpot mould consists of a bottom mould 1, at least two positioning thickness-limiting rings 2 and an upper mould 3;
the outer contour of a bottom die 1 is a cuboid, a circular truncated cone-shaped cavity 1-1 is arranged in the middle of the bottom die 1, a cooling through hole 1-2 is arranged at the bottom of the cavity 1-1, a circular lower positioning groove 1-3 is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom die 1 along the periphery of the cavity 1-1, and lower positioning holes 1-4 are uniformly distributed in the lower positioning groove 1-3; fixing strips 1-5 are arranged on two sides of the bottom die 1; the fixing strips 1-5 are used for fixing the bottom die 1, so that the demolding is facilitated;
the positioning thickness-limiting ring 2 consists of a cylindrical barrel 2-1, a thickness-limiting table 2-2, a lower fixing pin 2-3 and an upper fixing pin 2-4; wherein the thickness limiting table 2-2 is fixedly connected to the middle part in the cylindrical barrel 2-1, and the lower fixing pin 2-3 is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the cylindrical barrel 2-1; the upper fixing pin 2-4 is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the cylindrical barrel 2-1; the thickness of the thickness limiting platforms 2-2 of the positioning thickness limiting rings 2 is different;
the upper die 3 consists of an upper end cover 3-1 and a truncated cone-shaped core 3-2 which is connected with the upper end cover 3-1 into a whole; the upper end cover 3-1 is provided with a U-shaped cooling through hole 3-3 and an overflow groove 3-4, and the bottom of the overflow groove 3-4 is provided with an overflow pipe 3-5; the periphery of the lower surface mold core 3-2 of the upper end cover 3-1 is provided with a circular upper positioning groove 3-6, and upper positioning holes 3-7 are uniformly distributed in the upper positioning groove 3-6;
the lower positioning grooves 1-3 of the bottom die 1 correspond to the upper positioning grooves 3-6 of the upper die 3 in position to form an annular cavity, the positioning thickness limiting ring 2 is arranged in the annular cavity, and the lower fixing pins 2-3 of the positioning thickness limiting ring 2 are correspondingly matched with the lower positioning holes 1-4 of the bottom die 1; the upper fixing pin 2-4 of the positioning thickness-limiting ring 2 is correspondingly matched with the upper positioning hole 3-7 of the upper die 3;
in the cross-sectional view of the bottom die 1, an angle formed by a line segment representing the side wall of the truncated cone-shaped cavity 1-1 and a straight line representing the upper surface of the bottom die 1 is represented by α, and α =92 to 105 °; the angle is set to facilitate the product to be taken out of the die, so that the phenomena of white ejection, top damage and white dragging are avoided; meanwhile, the wall thickness of the flowerpot obtained when the positioning thickness limiting ring 2 with different thicknesses of the thickness limiting table 2-2 is arranged at the angle is different;
2. preparing a thermoplastic raw material;
3. uniformly coating a release agent on the surfaces of a cavity 1-1 and a core 3-2, then placing a positioning thickness limiting ring 2 into a lower positioning groove 1-3 of a bottom die 1, injecting a thermoplastic raw material into a truncated cone-shaped cavity 1-1 of the bottom die 1, covering an upper die 3, then placing the die into a baking oven at 90-95 ℃ to heat the thermoplastic raw material to a molten state, extruding the molten slurry into a basin shape by utilizing gravity, continuously heating to enable the molten thermoplastic raw material to fill the whole die cavity after the positioning thickness limiting ring is completely matched with an annular upper positioning groove of an upper end cover, and enabling redundant slurry to overflow into an overflow groove 3-4 through an overflow pipe 3-5;
4. and (3) introducing cooling water into the cooling through holes 1-2 of the bottom die 1 to cool the bottom die 1 first to cool, solidify and form the slurry, separating the product from the bottom die 1 by means of expansion with heat and contraction with cold, then taking out the upper die 3, then introducing cooling water into the U-shaped cooling through holes 3-3 in the upper die 3, separating the product from the upper end cover 7 by means of expansion with heat and contraction with cold, and finally demoulding to obtain the product.
Furthermore, a lifting handle 3-8 is further arranged on the upper end cover 3-1 of the upper die 3 in the first step; the separation of the upper end cover and the die shell is facilitated.
Furthermore, 3-5 overflow grooves 3-4 of the upper die 3 in the step one are uniformly distributed according to the circumference;
furthermore, the number of the positioning thickness limiting rings 2 in the step one is 2-5, and the thickness of the formed flowerpot can be adjusted by replacing the positioning thickness limiting rings 2 due to the different thicknesses of the thickness limiting tables 2-2 of the positioning thickness limiting rings 2.
Furthermore, the number of the cooling through holes 1-2 in the step one is 1-5; many cooling through holes 1-2 are connected by the rubber tube series connection, and cooling through hole can make the mould rapid cooling, makes the through-hole and can reduce the mould quality by the rubber tube connection, conveniently connects, and the economic nature is better.
Furthermore, the preparation method of the thermoplastic raw material in the second step is carried out according to the following steps:
a. performing Soxhlet extraction on the straw powder by using absolute ethyl alcohol, removing wax and grease, mashing the straw powder, and then putting the mashed straw powder into an oven to dry the smashed straw powder to obtain dry straw powder;
b. weighing 2-6 parts of dry straw powder, 4-8 parts of diethylenetriamine and 2-6 parts of formaldehyde with the mass percentage concentration of 37%; adding dry straw powder into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 0.4mol/L, adding diethylenetriamine, uniformly mixing, heating to 75-95 ℃, then dropwise adding formaldehyde into the mixed solution, reacting for 2-4 hours under magnetic stirring after dropwise adding, adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 4-5 with 1mol/L hydrochloric acid after reaction, generating precipitate in the adjusting process, filtering, washing a solid phase with distilled water until the filtrate is neutral, and performing vacuum drying to obtain aminated straw powder;
the volume ratio of the mass of the dried straw powder in the step b to the volume of the sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 0.4mol/L is 1g: (25-50) mL;
c. weighing 5-15 parts of sodium alginate, 3-3.5 parts of sodium periodate and 4-8 parts of ethylene glycol; firstly, dispersing sodium alginate into ethanol with the mass percentage concentration of 50%, then adding sodium periodate, and reacting for 6-8 hours in a dark place under magnetic stirring at room temperature; after the reaction is finished, adding ethylene glycol, magnetically stirring for 0.5-1 hour to terminate the oxidation reaction; finally, filtering the mixed solution, washing the mixed solution by using 50% ethanol by mass percentage, and carrying out vacuum drying at room temperature for 24-36 hours to obtain partially oxidized sodium alginate;
d. preparing aminated straw powder into an aminated straw powder solution with the mass percentage concentration of 5-10%, preparing partially oxidized sodium alginate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 5-10%, and preparing the aminated straw powder solution and the partially oxidized sodium alginate solution according to the volume ratio of (2-2.5): 1, mixing and reacting for 0.5-1 hour at room temperature; then pouring the mixture into ferric nitrate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 5-10 wt% under magnetic stirring, stirring for 0.5-1 hour, filtering, washing the solid phase with distilled water to remove residual ferric nitrate solution on the surface, and drying for 24-36 hours at room temperature to obtain the cross-linked iron fertilizer;
e. adding 1-3 parts of cross-linked iron fertilizer and 10 parts of PVA into a reactor, adding 100-200 parts of water, heating to 85-95 ℃, stirring at the speed of 400-1000 rpm for 40-50 min, standing and defoaming to obtain the thermoplastic raw material.
Further, the straw powder in step a is rice straw powder or wheat straw powder.
Further, the drying in the step a is drying for 8 to 10 hours at a temperature of 100 to 105 ℃.
Further, the vacuum drying in step b is vacuum drying at 40-60 ℃ for 24-36 hours.
Further, the ratio of the mass of the sodium alginate to the volume of the 50% by mass ethanol in step c is 1g: (10-20) mL.
The thickness of the product is adjusted by selecting the thickness of the thickness limiting table 2-2, the thickness adjusting device is convenient, the cost of the mold is greatly reduced, the mold is simple and flexible in structure, when the mold is demolded, cooling water can be introduced into the cooling through hole of the mold shell to cool the lower surface of the mold shell, the product is separated from the lower end surface of the mold shell through expansion and contraction, then the upper end cover is taken out, cooling water is introduced into the U-shaped cooling through hole in the upper end cover, and the product is separated from the upper end cover through expansion and contraction, so that demolding is realized.
The flowerpot prepared by using the straw powder is low in cost, and the prepared flowerpot is excellent in mechanical property, can be degraded after being discarded compared with the traditional plastic flowerpot, can achieve the effect of slowly releasing fertilizer, can better solve the problem of how to treat wastes, and can improve the soil structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of a flower pot mold with adjustable thickness and easy demolding;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a bottom mold 1 of the flowerpot mold, which can adjust the thickness and facilitate demolding;
fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a positioning thickness limiting ring 2 of the flowerpot mould with adjustable thickness and convenient demoulding;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an upper die 3 of the flowerpot die capable of adjusting the thickness and facilitating demoulding;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of an upper die 3 of the flowerpot die capable of adjusting the thickness and facilitating demoulding;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the construction of a flowerpot manufactured in example 1;
fig. 7 is a graph showing the sustained release of the pot products prepared in example 1 and comparative examples 1 and 2.
In the figure: 1 is a bottom die, 1-1 is a die cavity, 1-2 is a cooling through hole, 1-3 is a lower positioning groove, 1-4 is a lower positioning hole, and 1-5 is a fixing strip; 2, a positioning thickness-limiting ring, 2-1, a barrel, 2-2, a thickness-limiting table, 2-3, a lower fixing pin and 2-4, wherein the barrel is a cylinder body; 3 is an upper die, 3-1 is an upper end cover, 3-2 is a mold core, 3-3 is a U-shaped cooling through hole, 3-4 is an overflow groove, and 3-5 is an overflow pipe; 3-6 are upper positioning grooves, 3-7 are upper positioning holes, and 3-8 are handles.
Detailed Description
The following examples are used to demonstrate the beneficial effects of the present invention.
Example 1: the method for preparing the degradable flowerpot by using the mould with the adjustable thickness and convenient demoulding comprises the following steps:
1. preparing a flowerpot mould which can adjust the thickness and is convenient for demoulding, wherein the flowerpot mould consists of a bottom mould 1, two positioning thickness-limiting rings 2 and an upper mould 3;
the outer contour of a bottom die 1 is cuboid, a circular truncated cone-shaped cavity 1-1 is arranged in the middle of the bottom die 1, a cooling through hole 1-2 is arranged at the bottom of the cavity 1-1, a circular lower positioning groove 1-3 is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom die 1 along the periphery of the cavity 1-1, and lower positioning holes 1-4 are uniformly distributed in the lower positioning groove 1-3; fixing strips 1-5 are arranged on two sides of the bottom die 1; the fixing strips 1-5 are used for fixing the bottom die 1, so that the demolding is facilitated;
the positioning thickness-limiting ring 2 consists of a cylindrical barrel 2-1, a thickness-limiting table 2-2, a lower fixing pin 2-3 and an upper fixing pin 2-4; wherein the thickness limiting table 2-2 is fixedly connected to the middle part in the cylindrical barrel 2-1, and the lower fixing pin 2-3 is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the cylindrical barrel 2-1; the upper fixing pin 2-4 is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the cylindrical barrel 2-1; the thickness of the thickness limiting table 2-2 of one positioning thickness limiting ring 2 is 2mm, the thickness of the thickness limiting table 2-2 of the other positioning thickness limiting ring 2 is 6mm, and flowerpots with different wall thicknesses can be prepared due to different thicknesses of the thickness limiting tables 2-2;
the upper die 3 consists of an upper end cover 3-1 and a circular truncated cone-shaped mold core 3-2 which is connected with the upper end cover 3-1 into a whole; the upper end cover 3-1 is provided with a U-shaped cooling through hole 3-3 and an overflow groove 3-4, and the bottom of the overflow groove 3-4 is provided with an overflow pipe 3-5; the periphery of the lower surface core 3-2 of the upper end cover 3-1 is provided with an annular upper positioning groove 3-6, and upper positioning holes 3-7 are uniformly distributed in the upper positioning groove 3-6;
the lower positioning grooves 1-3 of the bottom die 1 correspond to the upper positioning grooves 3-6 of the upper die 3 in position to form an annular cavity, the positioning thickness limiting ring 2 is arranged in the annular cavity, and the lower fixing pins 2-3 of the positioning thickness limiting ring 2 are correspondingly matched with the lower positioning holes 1-4 of the bottom die 1; the upper fixing pins 2-4 of the positioning thickness-limiting ring 2 are correspondingly matched with the upper positioning holes 3-7 of the upper die 3;
in the cross-sectional view of the bottom die 1, an angle formed by a line segment representing the side wall of the truncated cone-shaped cavity 1-1 and a straight line representing the upper surface of the bottom die 1 is represented by α, and α =95 °; the angle is set to facilitate the product to be taken out of the die, so that the phenomena of white ejection, top damage and white dragging are avoided;
2. the thermoplastic raw material is prepared by the following specific method:
a. carrying out Soxhlet extraction on the rice straws by using absolute ethyl alcohol, removing wax and grease, crushing, and then putting into an oven to dry for 8 hours at 105 ℃ to obtain dry straw powder;
b. weighing 4 g of dry straw powder, 6 g of diethylenetriamine and 4 g of formaldehyde with the mass percentage concentration of 37%; adding dry straw powder into 100mL of 0.4mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, adding diethylenetriamine, uniformly mixing, heating to 85 ℃, then dropwise adding formaldehyde into the mixed solution, reacting for 3 hours under magnetic stirring after dropwise adding is finished, adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 4.5 by using 1mol/L hydrochloric acid after the reaction is finished, generating a precipitate in the adjusting process, filtering after no precipitate is generated, washing a solid phase with distilled water until the filtrate is neutral, and drying in vacuum at 50 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain aminated straw powder;
c. weighing 10 g of sodium alginate, 3.25 g of sodium periodate and 6 g of ethylene glycol; dispersing sodium alginate into 100mL of ethanol with the mass percentage concentration of 50%, then adding sodium periodate, and reacting for 6 hours in a dark place under magnetic stirring at room temperature; after the reaction is finished, adding ethylene glycol, and magnetically stirring for 0.5 hour to terminate the oxidation reaction; finally, filtering the mixed solution, washing the mixed solution for 5 times by using ethanol with the mass percentage concentration of 50%, and carrying out vacuum drying for 24 hours at room temperature to obtain partially oxidized sodium alginate;
d. preparing aminated straw powder into an aminated straw powder solution with the mass percentage concentration of 5%, preparing partially oxidized sodium alginate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 5%, mixing the aminated straw powder solution and the partially oxidized sodium alginate solution according to the volume ratio of 2; then pouring the mixture into a ferric nitrate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 5% under the magnetic stirring of 100rpm, stirring for 0.5 hour, filtering, washing a solid phase with distilled water to remove the residual ferric nitrate solution on the surface, and drying for 24 hours at room temperature to obtain the cross-linked iron fertilizer;
e. adding 2 g of cross-linked iron fertilizer and 10 g of PVA into a reactor, adding 200 g of distilled water, heating to 90 ℃, stirring for 45min at 700 revolutions, standing and defoaming to obtain a thermoplastic raw material;
3. uniformly coating a release agent on the surfaces of a cavity 1-1 and a core 3-2, then placing a positioning thickness limiting ring 2 into a lower positioning groove 1-3 of a bottom die 1, injecting a thermoplastic raw material into a truncated cone-shaped cavity 1-1 of the bottom die 1, covering an upper die 3, then placing the die into a 95 ℃ oven to heat the thermoplastic raw material to a molten state, extruding the molten slurry into a basin shape by utilizing gravity, continuing to heat for 1min to enable the molten thermoplastic raw material to fill the whole die cavity after the positioning thickness limiting ring is completely matched with an annular upper positioning groove of an upper end cover, and enabling the redundant slurry to overflow into an overflow groove 3-4 through an overflow pipe 3-5;
4. and (3) introducing cooling water into the cooling through holes 1-2 of the bottom die 1 for 2min to cool the bottom die 1 first, so that the slurry is cooled, solidified and formed, separating the product from the bottom die 1 by means of expansion with heat and contraction with cold, then taking out the upper die 3, then introducing cooling water into the U-shaped cooling through holes 3-3 in the upper die 3 for 2min, separating the product from the upper end cover 7 by means of expansion with heat and contraction with cold, and completing demolding to obtain a flowerpot product, wherein the structural schematic diagram of the obtained flowerpot product is shown in fig. 6.
Comparative example 1: the difference between the comparative example and the example 1 is that no aminated straw powder is added into the crosslinked iron fertilizer, namely, the second step d of the example 1 is replaced by the following operation: preparing 50mL of partially oxidized sodium alginate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 5% by partially oxidized sodium alginate, then pouring the partially oxidized sodium alginate solution into 400mL of ferric nitrate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 5% under the magnetic stirring of 100rpm, stirring for 0.5 hour, filtering, washing a solid phase substance for 5 times by using distilled water to remove the residual ferric nitrate solution on the surface, and drying for 24 hours at room temperature to obtain the cross-linked iron fertilizer; the other steps and parameters were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2: the difference between the comparative example and the example 1 is that no partially oxidized sodium alginate is added to the crosslinked iron fertilizer, i.e. the second step d of the example 1 is replaced by the following operation: preparing aminated straw powder into 100mL of aminated straw powder solution with the mass percentage concentration of 5%, then pouring the aminated straw powder solution into 400mL of ferric nitrate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 5% under the magnetic stirring of 100rpm, stirring for 0.5 hour, filtering, washing a solid phase with distilled water to remove the residual ferric nitrate solution on the surface, and drying for 24 hours at room temperature to obtain the cross-linked iron fertilizer; the other steps and parameters were the same as in example 1.
The pot products prepared in example 1 and comparative examples 1 and 2 were subjected to a sustained release test as follows: the flowerpot was cut into 0.25g small pieces, placed in a 300 mesh nylon bag, and then immersed in 100mL of distilled water. After 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 20 and 30 days, 10mL of the solution was used to determine the Fe release by the Phthalonil method, and 10mL of distilled water was added to the release solution to keep the volume of the solvent constant. The release experiments were performed in 3 replicates and averaged. The obtained sustained-release profile is shown in fig. 7, and it can be seen from fig. 7 that the flowerpot products prepared in example 1 and comparative examples 1 and 2 all had a certain sustained-release effect, they were slowly released for the first 5 days, and then the release rate was decreased and gradually leveled off. The pot products prepared in example 1 and comparative examples 1 and 2 achieved cumulative release rates of 70.12%, 65.22%, and 66.38%, respectively. The main reason why the embodiment 1 has the slowest release rate and the highest accumulated release rate in the early stage and the optimal slow release effect compared with the comparative examples 1 and 2 is that the embodiment 1 has the crosslinking effect of iron ions on oxidized sodium alginate and the complexing effect between aminated straw powder and iron ions, and the performance of the flowerpot prepared in the embodiment 1 is better due to the combined action of the crosslinking of metal ions and Schiff base bonds.
Comparative example 3: the difference between the comparative example and the example 1 is that step two, step e, is replaced by 36059, namely 3 g of cross-linked iron fertilizer and 10 g of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) are added into a reactor, 200 g of distilled water is added, the temperature is raised to 90 ℃, stirring is carried out for 45min at 700 revolutions, and the mixture is kept stand to remove bubbles, so as to obtain a thermoplastic raw material; the other steps and parameters were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 4: the difference between the comparative example and the example 1 is that step two, step e, is carried out by the following operation of replacing 36059, namely adding 4 g of cross-linked iron fertilizer and 10 g of PVA into a reactor, adding 200 g of distilled water, heating to 90 ℃, stirring for 45min at 700 revolutions, standing and defoaming to obtain a thermoplastic raw material; the other steps and parameters were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 5: the difference between the comparative example and the example 1 is that step two, step e, is carried out by the following operation of replacing 36059, namely adding 1g of cross-linked iron fertilizer and 10 g of PVA into a reactor, adding 200 g of distilled water, heating to 90 ℃, stirring for 45min at 700 revolutions, standing and defoaming to obtain a thermoplastic raw material; the other steps and parameters were the same as in example 1.
The flowerpot materials prepared in the examples 1, 3, 4 and 5 are tested for mechanical properties, and the specific test method is as follows: cutting a flowerpot sample into rectangular strips of 160mm multiplied by 20mm, placing the rectangular strips into a standard environment container with the relative humidity of 50%, adjusting the state for 90 hours, taking out the rectangular strips, measuring the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the sample at the speed of 45mm/min by using an electronic universal tester, and measuring each group of samples for 5 times to obtain the average value of the samples. The mechanical properties obtained are shown in Table 1, and Table 1 mechanical properties of the pot materials prepared in example 1 and comparative examples 3 to 5
| Performance items | Example 1 | Comparative example 3 | Comparative example 4 | Comparative example 5 |
| Mass ratio of cross-linked iron fertilizer to |
2 parts of: 10 portions of | 3 parts of: 10 portions of | 4 parts of: 10 portions of | 1 part of: 10 portions of |
| Elongation at break/% | 283 | 271 | 204 | 254 |
| Tensile strength/MPa | 36 | 29 | 22 | 30 |
As can be seen from the table 1, in the flowerpot slurry system, when the influence of the content difference of the iron fertilizer and the polyvinyl alcohol on the mechanical property of the flowerpot is large, the mass ratio of the cross-linked iron fertilizer to the PVA is 2: when 10, the mechanical property is best, and when the mass ratio of the cross-linked iron fertilizer to the PVA is 4: when 10, the mechanical properties are greatly deteriorated.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing a degradable flowerpot by using a mould with adjustable thickness and convenient demoulding is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1. preparing a flowerpot mould which can adjust the thickness and is convenient for demoulding, wherein the flowerpot mould consists of a bottom mould (1), at least two positioning thickness-limiting rings (2) and an upper mould (3);
the outer contour of a bottom die (1) is cuboid, a round table-shaped cavity (1-1) is arranged in the middle of the bottom die (1), a cooling through hole (1-2) is arranged at the bottom of the cavity (1-1), a circular lower positioning groove (1-3) is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom die (1) along the periphery of the cavity (1-1), and lower positioning holes (1-4) are uniformly distributed in the lower positioning groove (1-3); fixing strips (1-5) are arranged on two sides of the bottom die (1); the fixing strips (1-5) are used for fixing the bottom die (1) so as to facilitate demoulding;
the positioning thickness limiting ring (2) consists of a cylindrical barrel (2-1), a thickness limiting table (2-2), a lower fixing pin (2-3) and an upper fixing pin (2-4); the thickness limiting table (2-2) is fixedly connected to the middle part in the cylindrical barrel (2-1), and the lower fixing pin (2-3) is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the cylindrical barrel (2-1); the upper fixing pin (2-4) is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the cylindrical barrel (2-1); the thickness of the thickness limiting platforms (2-2) of the positioning thickness limiting rings (2) is different;
the upper die (3) consists of an upper end cover (3-1) and a truncated cone-shaped core (3-2) which is connected with the upper end cover (3-1) into a whole; the upper end cover (3-1) is provided with a U-shaped cooling through hole (3-3) and an overflow groove (3-4), and the bottom of the overflow groove (3-4) is provided with an overflow pipe (3-5); an annular upper positioning groove (3-6) is formed in the periphery of the lower surface mold core (3-2) of the upper end cover (3-1), and upper positioning holes (3-7) are uniformly distributed in the upper positioning groove (3-6);
the lower positioning groove (1-3) of the bottom die (1) corresponds to the upper positioning groove (3-6) of the upper die (3) in position to form an annular cavity, the positioning thickness limiting ring (2) is arranged in the annular cavity, and the lower fixing pin (2-3) of the positioning thickness limiting ring (2) is correspondingly matched with the lower positioning hole (1-4) of the bottom die (1); the upper fixing pin (2-4) of the positioning thickness-limiting ring (2) is correspondingly matched with the upper positioning hole (3-7) of the upper die (3);
in the cross-sectional view of the bottom die (1), an included angle formed by a line segment representing the side wall of the truncated cone-shaped cavity (1-1) and a straight line representing the upper surface of the bottom die (1) is represented by alpha, and alpha = 92-105 degrees;
2. preparing a thermoplastic raw material;
3. uniformly coating a release agent on the surfaces of the cavity (1-1) and the core (3-2), then placing the positioning thickness limiting ring (2) into a lower positioning groove (1-3) of the bottom die (1), injecting a thermoplastic raw material into the circular truncated cone-shaped cavity (1-1) of the bottom die (1), covering the upper die (3), then placing the die into a drying oven with the temperature of 90-95 ℃ to heat the thermoplastic raw material to a molten state, extruding the molten slurry into a basin shape by utilizing gravity, continuously heating to enable the thermoplastic raw material in the molten state to fill the whole die cavity after the positioning thickness limiting ring is completely matched with the circular upper positioning groove of the upper end cover, and overflowing the redundant slurry into an overflow groove (3-4) through an overflow pipe (3-5);
4. and (2) introducing cooling water into the cooling through holes (1-2) of the bottom die (1) to cool the bottom die (1) first to cool and solidify the slurry for forming, separating the product from the bottom die (1) by means of expansion with heat and contraction with cold, then taking out the upper die (3), then introducing cooling water into the U-shaped cooling through holes (3-3) in the upper die (3), separating the product from the upper end cover (3-1) by means of expansion with heat and contraction with cold, and completing demoulding to obtain the product.
2. A method for manufacturing a degradable flowerpot according to claim 1, wherein the upper end cover (3-1) of the upper mold (3) in the first step is further provided with a handle (3-8).
3. The method for preparing the degradable flowerpot by using the mould with the adjustable thickness and the convenient demoulding function as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein 3-5 overflow grooves (3-4) of the upper mould (3) in the step one are uniformly distributed according to the circumference.
4. The method for preparing the degradable flowerpot by using the mould with the adjustable thickness and the convenient demoulding according to the claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the number of the positioning thickness limiting rings (2) in the step one is 2-5.
5. A method for manufacturing a degradable flowerpot according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the number of the cooling through holes (1-2) in the first step is 1-5; the plurality of cooling through holes (1-2) are connected in series by rubber pipes.
6. The method for preparing a degradable flowerpot according to the claim 1 or 2, wherein the thickness of the mould is adjustable and the mould is easy to release, and the method for preparing the thermoplastic raw material in the second step is carried out according to the following steps:
a. carrying out Soxhlet extraction on the straw powder by using absolute ethyl alcohol, removing wax and grease, mashing, and then putting into an oven for drying to obtain dry straw powder;
b. weighing 2-6 parts of dry straw powder, 4-8 parts of diethylenetriamine and 2-6 parts of formaldehyde with the mass percentage concentration of 37%; adding dry straw powder into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 0.4mol/L, adding diethylenetriamine, uniformly mixing, heating to 75-95 ℃, then dropwise adding formaldehyde into the mixed solution, reacting for 2-4 hours under magnetic stirring after dropwise adding, adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 4-5 by using 1mol/L hydrochloric acid after the reaction is finished, generating a precipitate in the adjusting process, filtering, washing a solid phase with distilled water until the filtrate is neutral, and performing vacuum drying to obtain aminated straw powder;
the ratio of the mass of the dried straw powder in the step b to the volume of the sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 0.4mol/L is 1g: (25-50) mL;
c. weighing 5-15 parts of sodium alginate, 3-3.5 parts of sodium periodate and 4-8 parts of ethylene glycol; firstly, dispersing sodium alginate into 50 mass percent ethanol, then adding sodium periodate, and reacting for 6-8 hours in a dark place under magnetic stirring at room temperature; after the reaction is finished, adding ethylene glycol, magnetically stirring for 0.5-1 hour to terminate the oxidation reaction; finally, filtering the mixed solution, washing the mixed solution by using 50% ethanol by mass percentage, and carrying out vacuum drying at room temperature for 24-36 hours to obtain partially oxidized sodium alginate;
d. preparing aminated straw powder into an aminated straw powder solution with the mass percentage concentration of 5-10%, preparing partially oxidized sodium alginate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 5-10% by using partially oxidized sodium alginate, and preparing the aminated straw powder solution and the partially oxidized sodium alginate solution according to the volume ratio of (1-1.5): 1, mixing and reacting for 0.5-1 hour at room temperature; then pouring the mixture into ferric nitrate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 5-10 wt% under magnetic stirring, stirring for 0.5-1 hour, filtering, washing the solid phase with distilled water to remove residual ferric nitrate solution on the surface, and drying for 24-36 hours at room temperature to obtain the cross-linked iron fertilizer;
e. adding 1-3 parts of cross-linked iron fertilizer and 10 parts of PVA into a reactor, adding 100-200 parts of water, heating to 85-95 ℃, stirring for 40-50 min at 400-1000 revolutions, standing and defoaming to obtain the thermoplastic raw material.
7. The method for preparing a degradable flowerpot according to claim 6, wherein the straw powder in step a is rice straw powder or wheat straw powder.
8. The method for preparing a degradable flowerpot according to claim 6, wherein the drying in step a is performed at a temperature of 100-105 ℃ for 8-10 hours by using a mold with an adjustable thickness and easy to demould.
9. The method for preparing a degradable flowerpot according to claim 6, wherein the vacuum drying in the step b is performed for 24 to 36 hours at a temperature of 40 to 60 ℃.
10. The method for preparing a degradable flowerpot according to claim 6, wherein the ratio of the mass of the sodium alginate to the volume of the ethanol with the mass percentage concentration of 50% in the step c is 1g: (10-20) mL.
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| KR100189338B1 (en) * | 1996-12-30 | 1999-06-01 | 오상수 | Ejection mold |
| KR100458167B1 (en) * | 2002-03-20 | 2004-11-26 | 황기옥 | A method for preparing disposable dishes degrading naturally and a manufacturing apparatus thereof |
| CN102514151A (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2012-06-27 | 龚良松 | Injection mold for manufacturing flowerpot and demolding method for injection mold |
| FR2991902A1 (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2013-12-20 | Roctool | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PREHEATING A MOLD IN PARTICULAR INJECTION MOLDING |
| CN104289197B (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2016-04-06 | 苏州正业昌智能科技有限公司 | A kind of amination strengthens modified straw based composites and preparation method thereof |
| CN106069310A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2016-11-09 | 梁文涛 | A kind of degradative flower bowl and preparation method thereof |
| CN209666189U (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-11-22 | 江门市前航实业有限公司 | A kind of injection mold with water cooling |
| CN213618138U (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-07-06 | 扬州市中环模具制造有限公司 | Flowerpot production mould convenient to drawing of patterns |
| CN214082649U (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-08-31 | 焦作市明仁天然药物有限责任公司 | Blank injection mold |
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