CN115359709B - Cam transmission mechanism motion detection system - Google Patents
Cam transmission mechanism motion detection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115359709B CN115359709B CN202210967874.9A CN202210967874A CN115359709B CN 115359709 B CN115359709 B CN 115359709B CN 202210967874 A CN202210967874 A CN 202210967874A CN 115359709 B CN115359709 B CN 115359709B
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- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B25/02—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes of industrial processes; of machinery
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Abstract
A cam transmission mechanism motion detection system comprises a test table, a cam and a push rod, wherein a supporting plate is arranged on the test table, a transmission main shaft is arranged on the supporting plate, one end of the transmission main shaft is provided with a cam to be tested, and the other end of the transmission main shaft is connected with an output end of a transmission mechanism; the push rod is arranged on the experiment table, a push rod head arranged at the end part of the push rod is contacted with the outer contour of the cam, and an elastic piece is arranged on the rod body of the push rod; the detection mechanism comprises a light source, an industrial camera and an optical sensor, wherein the light source, the industrial camera and the cam are positioned on the same side of the supporting plate, the optical sensor is arranged on the rod body of the push rod, the industrial camera is electrically connected with the motor, and the industrial camera is arranged on the displacement mechanism. Compared with a three-dimensional software simulation experiment, when the detection system is adopted for the experiment, the actual assembly process of the components is required to be experienced, and the influence caused by factors such as design, manufacturing and installation precision is considered, so that the detection result is more in line with the motion law in the actual working condition than the result of the virtual simulation experiment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a mechanical principle course experiment teaching instrument, in particular to an experiment system for detecting different motion laws of a cam transmission mechanism.
Background
The mechanical principle course is a core course of the mechanical engineering specialty, the course is mainly used for introducing the working principle and the design method of common mechanisms, and the cam transmission mechanism is a common mechanical transmission mode and has the advantages of compact structure, accurate transmission and the like, so that the related teaching content of the cam transmission mechanism is the teaching key and difficulty of the course. The current teaching mode is based on theoretical explanation, and a mechanism is designed by a graphic method or an analytic method, and motion simulation is performed by using three-dimensional design software on the basis.
The cam in the cam transmission mechanism is a driving piece, the push rod is a driven piece, and the shape of the profile curve of the cam determines the motion rule of the push rod; the driven piece is connected with the driving piece in a high pair, and the driven piece and the driving piece are in point-line contact, so that the cam profile surface is easy to wear, and the motion rule of the push rod is influenced. However, when the three-dimensional design software is used for motion simulation, influences caused by factors such as design, manufacturing and installation accuracy of the mechanism are ignored, so that a certain gap exists between a motion rule of the simulation and a motion rule of actual work. Therefore, it is necessary to design an experimental device capable of accurately detecting different motion laws of the cam transmission mechanism.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cam transmission mechanism motion detection system, which can realize the detection of the motion law of a cam mechanism driven member, solve the problem of measuring the related cam transmission motion law in the current engineering practice, provide technical parameters for cam design and enrich the practical teaching content of the cam mechanism.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme. The invention provides a cam transmission mechanism motion detection system, which comprises a test table, a cam, a push rod, a transmission mechanism and a detection mechanism, wherein a support plate 5 is arranged on the test table 1, a transmission main shaft 6 is arranged on the support plate, one end of the transmission main shaft 6 protruding from the support plate is provided with a cam 2 to be tested, and the other end of the transmission main shaft 6 protruding from the support plate is connected with an output end of the transmission mechanism; the push rod 3 is arranged on the experiment table, a push rod head 303 arranged at the end part of the push rod is contacted with the outer contour of the cam, and an elastic piece for providing elastic force to ensure that the push rod head is always contacted with the outer contour of the cam is arranged on the rod body of the push rod; the detection mechanism comprises a light source 401, an industrial camera 402, an optical sensor and a displacement mechanism, wherein the light source 401, the industrial camera 402 and the cam 2 are positioned on the same side of the supporting plate, the optical sensor 404 is arranged on the rod body of the push rod 3, the industrial camera is connected with the computer 403 through a data transmission line, and the industrial camera is arranged on the displacement mechanism and is used for adjusting the positions of the industrial camera in the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction.
The cam transmission mechanism motion detection system provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) Compared with a three-dimensional software simulation experiment, when the detection system provided by the invention is adopted for the experiment, the actual assembly process of the cam, the push rod, the transmission mechanism and other parts is required to be carried out, and the influence caused by factors such as design, manufacturing and installation precision of the transmission mechanism is considered, so that the detection result is more in line with the motion rule in the actual working condition than the result of the virtual simulation experiment, and the reliability of the experiment result is ensured;
(2) The invention has the characteristics of scientific design, compact structure, convenient operation, high precision, safety, reliability and the like;
(3) The invention has simple structure and low cost, has multiple detection types (the detectable push rod is a direct-acting push rod or a swinging push rod, the push rod head is a pinnacle type, a flat bottom type or a roller type, the relative positions of the push rod and the cam are adjustable, the steering and rotating speed of the cam are adjustable, and the like), and is suitable for popularization in engineering practice or practice teaching in colleges and universities and vocational universities.
Further, the cam is a cam disk 20, although a cylindrical cam may be used in other embodiments.
Further, the cam disc comprises a circular mandrel main body 201, the mandrel main body is divided into a region I, a region II, a region III and a region IV in turn along the circumferential direction, a groove 2011 extending along the circumferential direction is arranged in the mandrel main body, the groove 2011 only covers the region II, the region III and the region IV, and the opening of the groove is arranged on the outer contour surface of the mandrel main body extending along the circumferential direction; a thin-wall cover 202 is arranged on the outer contour surface of the mandrel body extending along the circumferential direction, the thin-wall cover simultaneously covers the opening of the groove, and the groove is filled with liquid plastic 203; the region I of the spindle body, which is provided with a center hole 2012 for mounting the cam disk to the drive spindle, does not expand; and the II area, the III area and the IV area of the mandrel main body are used as expansion areas, at least one adjusting screw 204 is respectively arranged in the II area, the III area and the IV area, and the thin-wall covers of the II area, the III area and the IV area are expanded by rotating the adjusting screws.
By adopting the disc cam disclosed by the invention, the following beneficial effects can be obtained: (1) Through rotating the adjusting screws in different areas, an experimenter can change the outline of the disc cam according to preset requirements, the defect that experiments need to be interrupted to replace cams with different sizes is overcome, and the experimental efficiency is improved; (2) Because the change of the cam contour line directly affects the motion law of the push rod, the detection of different motion laws can be completed by rotating the adjusting screws in different areas, so that the experimental data of each student are different, the experimental requirements of teaching innovation are met, and the exploration interests of the students are improved; (3) The outer contour of the disc cam can be deformed by rotating the adjusting screws in different areas, so that the change of the motion rule of the driven piece caused by the contour deformation of the cam due to parameter change or abrasion is simulated.
Further, the push rod adopts a direct-acting push rod 30; an adjusting mechanism (for example, the adjusting mechanism is a fork-shaped lifting mechanism) is arranged on the experiment table, the output end of the adjusting mechanism is connected with the push rod base 301, and the adjusting mechanism is used for changing the position of the direct-acting push rod in the Z direction; the direct-acting push rod is arranged on the push rod base through a linear bearing seat 302, a boss 304 is arranged on a rod body of the direct-acting push rod, which is close to the push rod head, and a spring 305 surrounding the rod body of the push rod is arranged between the linear bearing seat and the boss; the optical sensor 404 is disposed between the boss and the putter head.
The beneficial effects are that: the position of the direct-acting push rod in the Z direction is changed through the adjusting mechanism, so that the push rod head of the direct-acting push rod is contacted with the outer contour of the disc cam extending along the circumferential direction at different positions in the initial state, the eccentricity of the driven piece and the rotation center of the cam is adjusted, and positive offset or negative offset is realized.
Further, the push rod adopts a swinging push rod 31; the oscillating push rod is installed at one side of the disc cam 20 in an inclined manner, one end of the oscillating push rod far away from the disc cam is detachably hinged on the supporting plate, the other end of the oscillating push rod near the disc cam is provided with a push rod head for contacting with the outer contour of the cam, and a torsion spring is arranged on the corresponding hinge shaft.
The beneficial effects are that: by installing the swinging push rod in a left-tilting state or a right-tilting state, different motion rules can be output, and the application range of the detection system is improved.
Further, the end of the putter 3 is detachably attached to the putter head 303 by a quick change mechanism.
The beneficial effects are that: the experimenter can change the required type of push rod head through quick change mechanism according to the experiment needs, improves detecting system's application scope.
Further, the transmission mechanism comprises a variable frequency motor 701 and a transmission system, the variable frequency motor is arranged on the experiment table, the input end of the transmission system is connected with the output shaft of the variable frequency motor, and the output end of the transmission system is connected with the other end of the transmission main shaft protruding out of the supporting plate.
The beneficial effects are that: the rotating speed and the steering of the variable frequency motor can be adjusted according to the requirement, and the rotating speed and the steering of the cam are controlled, so that the output motion law is changed.
Further, the displacement mechanism comprises a supporting seat 901 arranged on the experiment table, a stand column 902 extending along the Z direction is arranged on the supporting seat, a first sliding block 903 is arranged on the stand column, a second sliding block 904 is slidingly assembled on the side surface of the first sliding block, which is close to the cam, and a first knob 905 and a second knob 906 are arranged on the first sliding block; the bottom of the second slider is provided with a plurality of slide bars 907 extending in the X-direction, the ends of which are connected with the camera support 908; the industrial camera 402 is mounted on a third slider 909 slidingly mounted on the camera support by means of a guide bar extending in the Y-direction and a screw 910, the end of which protruding from the camera support is provided with a third knob 911.
The beneficial effects are that: the position of the industrial camera in the Z direction can be adjusted and locked by rotating the first knob, the position of the industrial camera in the Z direction can be finely adjusted by rotating the second knob, the position of the industrial camera in the X direction can be adjusted by moving the slide bar, the position of the industrial camera in the Y direction can be adjusted by rotating the third knob, and the experimental image uploaded to the computer is ensured to be clear enough.
Further, the putter head 303 is one of a tip type putter head, a flat bottom type putter head, and a roller type putter head.
The beneficial effects are that: the diversity of experiments and the application range of the detection system are improved.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present invention, and in order to make it easier to understand the technical means of the present invention, the foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be more apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an experimental schematic diagram of a cam gear motion detection system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an isometric view of a first embodiment of a cam gear system motion detection system.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the transmission mechanism in the first embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the adjusting mechanism in the first embodiment.
Fig. 5A and 5B are schematic views of a quick-change mechanism disposed at an end of a push rod in the first embodiment.
Fig. 6A to 6C are schematic views of putter heads.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the displacement mechanism of the first embodiment.
Fig. 8A, 8B, and 8C are examples of detection output results of a motion law of the cam transmission mechanism, which are respectively a push rod displacement curve diagram, a push rod speed curve diagram, and a push rod acceleration curve diagram.
Fig. 9 is a schematic front view of a second embodiment of a cam gear motion detection system.
Fig. 10 is a schematic front view of the cam in the second embodiment.
Fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cam in a second embodiment.
Detailed Description
Features and preferred embodiments of various aspects of the invention are described in detail below. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the invention by showing examples of the invention. In the drawings and the following description, at least some well-known structures and prior art are not shown in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present invention; also, the size and shape of some of the structures may be exaggerated for clarity. The features, structures, or characteristics described below may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments, and further the terms "first," "second," "third," etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or quantity.
The directional terms appearing in the following description are those directions shown in the drawings and do not limit the specific structure of the invention. In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as appropriate by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, the experimental principle of the motion detection system of the cam transmission mechanism of the present invention is as follows: the cam 2 and the direct-acting or swinging push rod 3 matched with the cam are arranged on the experiment table 1, and the optical sensor is arranged on the rod body of the push rod, so that the installation positions, focal lengths and the like of the light source 401 and the industrial camera 402 are set, and the image uploaded to the computer after the industrial camera shoots is clear in display; then the cam is driven by the transmission mechanism to rotate, the push rod moves linearly or swings, the industrial camera 402 shoots the moving image of the position change of the optical sensor on the rod body of the push rod, the moving image is uploaded to the computer 403, and the moving image is analyzed and processed by the computer to output a push rod movement curve. Based on the foregoing experimental principles, a specific embodiment of a cam transmission mechanism motion detection system of the present invention is as follows:
example 1
Referring to fig. 2, in a first embodiment of a cam gear motion detection system according to the present invention, the "axial direction of the transmission main shaft" is defined as the X direction, the "vertical direction" is defined as the Z direction, and the directions perpendicular to the X and Z directions are defined as the Y direction. The embodiment comprises a test table 1, a disc cam 20, a direct-acting push rod 30, a transmission mechanism, an adjusting mechanism and a detection mechanism, wherein a supporting plate 5 is arranged on the test table 1, a transmission main shaft 6 is arranged on the supporting plate 5 through a bearing seat 601, one end of the transmission main shaft protruding from the supporting plate is provided with the disc cam 20 to be tested, and the other end of the transmission main shaft protruding from the supporting plate is connected with the output end of the transmission mechanism; referring to fig. 4, an adjusting mechanism is mounted on the experiment table, and an output end of the adjusting mechanism is connected with the push rod base 301, the adjusting mechanism is used for changing a position of the direct-acting push rod in the Z direction, so that a push rod head of the direct-acting push rod contacts with an outer contour (namely a curved surface extending along the circumferential direction) of the disc cam in different positions in an initial state, thereby adjusting an eccentric distance between the push rod and a rotation center of the cam, realizing positive offset or negative offset, and further realizing detection of different motion rules; the direct-acting push rod 30 is arranged on the push rod base 301 through a linear bearing seat 302, the end part of the direct-acting push rod is detachably provided with a push rod head 303 through a quick-change mechanism, the push rod head 303 is used for contacting the outer contour of the disc cam 20, a boss 304 is arranged on the rod body of the direct-acting push rod, which is close to the push rod head, a spring 305 surrounding the rod body of the push rod is arranged between the linear bearing seat 302 and the boss 304, and the push rod head is ensured to always contact with the outer contour of the disc cam to be tested, which extends along the circumferential direction by virtue of the existence of the spring; referring to fig. 1, the detection mechanism includes a light source 401, an industrial camera 402, an optical sensor 404 and a displacement mechanism, the light source irradiates the disc cam and the direct-acting push rod, the optical sensor 404 is mounted on the shaft of the direct-acting push rod and is located between the boss 304 and the push rod head 303 (the embodiment does not limit the specific position of the optical sensor, an experimenter can adjust the position of the optical sensor according to needs), the industrial camera is mounted on the displacement mechanism and is used for shooting a moving image of the optical sensor when the direct-acting push rod moves linearly, and meanwhile, the industrial camera is electrically connected with the computer, so that the image shot by the industrial camera can be transmitted to the computer, and the displacement mechanism is used for adjusting the positions of the industrial camera in the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction, so as to ensure that the image uploaded to the computer is clear enough.
Referring to fig. 3, in this embodiment, the transmission mechanism is located at a side of the support plate away from the cam, and specifically includes a variable frequency motor 701 and a belt transmission system, where the variable frequency motor 701 is used as a power source and is installed on the test stand 1; the belt transmission system comprises a driving belt pulley 702, a driven belt pulley 703 and a synchronous belt 704 (the synchronous belt not only transmits motion accurately, but also can prevent belt slipping), the driving belt pulley is arranged on an output shaft of a variable frequency motor, the driven belt pulley is arranged at the other end of a transmission main shaft protruding from a supporting plate, and after the variable frequency motor is started, the disc cam 20 is driven to rotate forwards or reversely through the belt transmission system, so that the direct-acting push rod moves linearly along the Y direction. Furthermore, the invention is not limited in the variety of drive trains, and the experimenter may employ other types of drive trains, such as chain drive trains, as desired.
Referring to fig. 4, in this embodiment, the adjusting mechanism is a fork-shaped lifting mechanism, however, in other embodiments of the present invention, an experimenter can select other types of adjusting mechanisms as required, and only the movement of the direct-acting push rod in the Z direction is required.
Referring to fig. 5A and 5B, the quick-change mechanism in this embodiment includes a collet chuck 801, a collet sleeve 802 (the collet chuck and the collet sleeve are the existing mature products, and the structure thereof will not be described in detail), a small end of the collet chuck 801 is sleeved on an end of the direct-acting push rod 30, the push rod head 303 is inserted into the collet chuck 801, the collet sleeve 802 is detachably mounted on a large end of the collet chuck 801, and the large end of the collet chuck is contracted inwards by the compression fit of the conical surface, so as to clamp the push rod head.
Referring to fig. 6A, 6B and 6C, the putter heads are classified into a tip type putter head, a flat bottom type putter head, and a roller type putter head, and the experimenter can replace the putter heads of the desired types by the quick change mechanism according to the experimental needs.
Referring to fig. 7, the displacement mechanism in this embodiment includes a support base 901 mounted on a laboratory bench 1, a column 902 extending along the Z direction is disposed on the support base, a first slider 903 is mounted on the column, a second slider 904 is slidingly mounted on a side surface of the first slider, which is close to the cam, a first knob 905 is disposed on the other side surface of the first slider, which is away from the cam, and second knobs 906 are disposed on two opposite side surfaces of the first slider along the Y direction; the bottom of the second slider is provided with two slide bars 907 extending in the X-direction, the ends of which are connected with the camera support 908; the industrial camera 402 is mounted on a third slider 909, the third slider 909 is slidingly mounted on the camera support 908 by means of a guide rod extending in the Y-direction and a screw 910, the end of which protrudes from the camera support and is provided with a third knob 911. The position of the industrial camera in the X direction is adjusted by the movement of the slide bar along the X direction; adjusting the position of the industrial camera in the Y direction by rotating the third knob; the position of the industrial camera in the Z direction can be adjusted by reversing the first knob, the position of the industrial camera in the Z direction can be locked by rotating the first knob positively, and the position of the industrial camera in the Z direction can be finely adjusted by rotating the second knob.
In addition, the invention does not limit the types of the displacement mechanisms, and an experimenter can adopt other types of the displacement mechanisms according to the needs, and only needs to realize the fine adjustment of the positions of the industrial camera in the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction.
The specific process of detecting the motion law of the direct-acting push rod by using the embodiment is as follows:
step 1, installing a cam: the disc cam to be tested is arranged on an experiment table;
step 2, adjusting a push rod: the offset direction and distance of the push rod are adjusted through an adjusting mechanism, and the direct-acting push rod is arranged on the upper side or the lower side relative to the rotation center of the disc cam, so that the push rod is positively offset or negatively offset;
step 3, adjusting a push rod head mechanism of the direct-acting push rod: the required putter head is mounted at the end of the putter by means of a quick change mechanism, for example: pinnacle, roller or flat bottom;
step 4, adjusting the positions and parameters of the light source and the industrial camera to enable the experimental image uploaded to the computer to be clear;
step 5, after the variable frequency motor is started, the cam rotates to drive the direct-acting push rod to linearly move along the Y direction, the industrial camera shoots a moving image of the position change of the optical sensor on the push rod body and inputs the image into the computer, and the computer outputs a push rod motion curve after analyzing and processing the image: a pushrod displacement curve (as shown in fig. 8A), a pushrod velocity curve (as shown in fig. 8B), and a pushrod acceleration curve (as shown in fig. 8C).
Example two
The difference between the cam transmission mechanism motion detection system of the present embodiment and the first embodiment is that: the disc cams to be tested are different in structure, the disc cams in the first embodiment are ordinary cams, but the disc cams in the second embodiment are novel structures. The specific structure of the disc cam in this embodiment is: referring to fig. 9, 10 and 11, the cam disc 20 includes a circular spindle body 201, where the spindle body is divided into a first area, a second area, a third area and a fourth area along the circumferential direction, the first area is a near rest area of the cam disc contour, no displacement change occurs when the push rod contacts the first area, the second area and the third area are push-stroke areas, the third area and the fourth area are return areas when the cam rotates anticlockwise, the third area and the fourth area are push-stroke areas, the second area and the third area are return areas when the cam rotates clockwise, the displacement of the push rod increases when the push rod contacts the push-stroke areas, and the displacement of the push rod decreases when the push rod contacts the return areas; a groove 2011 extending along the circumferential direction is arranged in the mandrel main body, the groove 2011 only covers the zone II, the zone III and the zone IV, and the opening of the groove 2011 is arranged on the outer contour surface of the mandrel main body extending along the circumferential direction (namely, the circular arc surface of the mandrel main body extending along the circumferential direction), meanwhile, a thin-wall cover 202 made of spring steel material is arranged on the outer contour surface of the mandrel main body extending along the circumferential direction, so that the thin-wall cover 202 covers the opening of the groove 2011; the area I of the mandrel body is a near-rest area and does not expand, and is provided with a rotary center hole 2012 of the mandrel body, and a disc cam is arranged on one end of the transmission main shaft protruding out of the supporting plate through the rotary center hole; the two screw holes extending along the axial direction of the mandrel body are arranged in the II area, the III area and the IV area respectively, the two screw holes extending along the axial direction of the mandrel body are arranged in the III area, the liquid plastic 203 is filled into the groove 2011 through the screw holes during assembly, then the adjusting screws 204 are arranged in the corresponding screw holes, and the liquid plastic extrudes the thin-wall cover through rotating the adjusting screws, so that the thin-wall covers of the II area, the III area and the IV area expand (the outer contours of the expanded areas of the II area and the IV area can be symmetrical or asymmetrical, when the outer contours of the expanded areas of the II area and the IV area are symmetrical, the movement rules of pushing stroke and return stroke in the cam movement process can be consistent, and when the outer contours of the expanded areas of the cam and the return stroke are different movement rules can be realized when the outer contours of the expanded cam are asymmetrical, and the cam after the expansion is provided with the two adjusting screws, so that the cam appearance is obvious, and the cam structure similar to that in the first embodiment is formed. The second embodiment has the advantages that: (1) Through rotating the adjusting screws in different areas, an experimenter can change the outline of the disc cam according to preset requirements, the defect that experiments need to be interrupted to replace cams with different sizes is overcome, and the experimental efficiency is improved; (2) When the expansion of the thin-wall cover is changed from large to small or from small to large, the cam contour line is changed, the detected follower motion curve is synchronously changed, and the influence of the cam parameter base circle radius change on the follower motion rule is simulated; when the expansion of the thin-wall cover is changed from large to small, the change of the contour line after the cam is worn is simulated, and the degree of influence on the motion rule of the driven piece is simulated; (3) Because the change of the cam contour line directly influences the motion law of the push rod, the detection of different motion laws can be completed by rotating the adjusting screws in different areas, so that the experimental data of each student are different, the experimental requirements of teaching innovation are met, and the exploration interests of the students are improved.
Based on the second embodiment, in other embodiments of the present invention, the number and the size of the adjusting screws in the ii region, the iii region, and the iv region may be adjusted as needed, so that at least one adjusting screw is set in each of the ii region, the iii region, and the iv region.
Example III
The difference between the cam transmission mechanism motion detection system of the present embodiment and the first or second embodiments is that: the adjustment mechanism can be omitted at this time by replacing the direct-acting push rod 30 with a swing push rod 31 (shown in broken lines in fig. 9). Specifically, one end of the oscillating push rod 31 far away from the disc cam is detachably hinged on the supporting plate 5, and by installing one end of the oscillating push rod at different positions on the supporting plate, the push rod head of the oscillating push rod is contacted with the outer contour of the disc cam at different positions in the initial state, so that detection of different motion rules is realized; and a torsion spring for ensuring that the push rod head of the swing type push rod always contacts with the outer contour of the disc cam to be tested is arranged on the corresponding hinge shaft. The oscillating push rod is mounted in an inclined form on the left side of the cam in this embodiment, and may be mounted in an inclined form on the right side of the cam in other embodiments of the present invention. When the swing type push rod is adopted, the detection output result of the system is a push rod angular displacement curve, a push rod angular velocity curve and a push rod angular acceleration curve.
Example IV
The difference between the cam transmission mechanism motion detection system of the present embodiment and the first embodiment is that: the cam plate is replaced by a cylindrical cam.
The present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments, and any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical principles of the present invention will fall within the scope of the technical principles of the present invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the technical principles of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The motion detection system of the cam transmission mechanism is characterized by comprising a test table, a cam, a push rod, a transmission mechanism and a detection mechanism, wherein a supporting plate (5) is arranged on the test table (1), a transmission main shaft (6) is arranged on the supporting plate, one end of the transmission main shaft (6) protruding out of the supporting plate is provided with a cam (2) to be tested, and the other end of the transmission main shaft (6) protruding out of the supporting plate is connected with the output end of the transmission mechanism; the push rod (3) is arranged on the experiment table, a push rod head (303) arranged at the end part of the push rod is contacted with the outer contour of the cam, and an elastic piece for providing elastic force to ensure that the push rod head is always contacted with the outer contour of the cam is arranged on the rod body of the push rod; the detection mechanism comprises a light source, an industrial camera, an optical sensor and a displacement mechanism, wherein the light source (401), the industrial camera (402) and the cam (2) are positioned on the same side of the supporting plate, the optical sensor (404) is arranged on the rod body of the push rod (3), the industrial camera is connected with the computer (403) through a data transmission line, the industrial camera is arranged on the displacement mechanism, and the displacement mechanism is used for adjusting the positions of the industrial camera in the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction;
the cam is a disc cam (20), the disc cam comprises a circular mandrel main body (201), the mandrel main body is divided into a region I, a region II, a region III and a region IV in turn along the circumferential direction, a groove (2011) extending along the circumferential direction is arranged in the mandrel main body, the groove (2011) only covers the region II, the region III and the region IV, and the opening of the groove is arranged on the outer contour surface of the mandrel main body extending along the circumferential direction; a thin-wall cover (202) is arranged on the outer contour surface of the mandrel main body extending along the circumferential direction, the thin-wall cover simultaneously covers the opening of the groove, and the groove is filled with liquid plastic (203); the region I of the spindle body does not expand, and is provided with a revolution center hole (2012) for mounting the disc cam on the transmission main shaft; and the II area, the III area and the IV area of the mandrel main body are used as expansion areas, at least one adjusting screw (204) is respectively arranged in the II area, the III area and the IV area, and the thin-wall covers of the II area, the III area and the IV area are expanded by rotating the adjusting screws.
2. A cam gear motion detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that the push rod is a direct-acting push rod (30); an adjusting mechanism is arranged on the experiment table, the output end of the adjusting mechanism is connected with a push rod base (301), and the adjusting mechanism is used for changing the position of the direct-acting push rod in the Z direction; the direct-acting push rod is arranged on the push rod base through a linear bearing seat (302), a boss (304) is arranged on a rod body of the direct-acting push rod, which is close to the push rod head, and a spring (305) surrounding the rod body of the push rod is arranged between the linear bearing seat and the boss; an optical sensor (404) is disposed between the boss and the putter head.
3. A cam gear motion sensing system according to claim 2 wherein the adjustment mechanism is a fork lift mechanism.
4. A cam gear motion detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that the push rod is a swinging push rod (31); the oscillating push rod is installed on one side of the disc cam (20) in an inclined manner, one end of the oscillating push rod, which is far away from the disc cam, is detachably hinged on the supporting plate, the other end of the oscillating push rod, which is close to the disc cam, is provided with a push rod head for contacting with the outer contour of the cam, and a torsion spring is arranged on the corresponding hinge shaft.
5. A cam gear motion detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that the end of the push rod (3) is detachably fitted with a push rod head (303) by means of a quick change mechanism.
6. The cam transmission mechanism motion detection system according to claim 1, wherein the transmission mechanism comprises a variable frequency motor (701) and a transmission system, the variable frequency motor is arranged on the experiment table, the input end of the transmission system is connected with the output shaft of the variable frequency motor, and the output end of the transmission system is connected with the other end of the transmission main shaft protruding out of the supporting plate.
7. The cam transmission mechanism motion detection system according to claim 1, wherein the displacement mechanism comprises a support seat (901) arranged on the experiment table, a stand column (902) extending along the Z direction is arranged on the support seat, a first sliding block (903) is arranged on the stand column, a second sliding block (904) is slidingly assembled on the side surface of the first sliding block, which is close to the cam, and a first knob (905) and a second knob (906) are arranged on the first sliding block; the bottom of the second sliding block is provided with a plurality of sliding bars (907) extending along the X direction, and the end parts of the sliding bars are connected with a camera support (908); the industrial camera (402) is mounted on a third slider (909) which is slidingly mounted on the camera support by means of a guide rod extending in the Y-direction and a screw (910) whose end protruding from the camera support is provided with a third knob (911).
8. A cam gear motion detection system according to any of claims 1-7, wherein the pusher head (303) is one of a peaked pusher head, a flat bottom pusher head, and a roller pusher head.
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| CN202210967874.9A CN115359709B (en) | 2022-08-12 | 2022-08-12 | Cam transmission mechanism motion detection system |
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| CN202210967874.9A CN115359709B (en) | 2022-08-12 | 2022-08-12 | Cam transmission mechanism motion detection system |
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