CN115347379B

CN115347379B - Antenna

Info

Publication number: CN115347379B
Application number: CN202211278607.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张明涛; 李奇; 李菡; 许智
Original assignee: Galaxy Aerospace Xi'an Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Galaxy Aerospace Xi'an Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-10-19
Filing date: 2022-10-19
Publication date: 2023-01-31
Anticipated expiration: 2042-10-19
Also published as: CN115347379A

Abstract

The present specification provides an antenna, wherein the antenna comprises: the device comprises a circularly polarized wave selecting component, a reflecting component and a feed source component which are formed by stacking a plurality of layers of printed circuit boards according to preset stacking parameters, wherein metal wires in preset shapes are printed on each layer of printed circuit board; the circularly polarized wave selection assembly is fixed at the top of the reflection assembly, and the feed source assembly penetrates through the bottom of the reflection assembly, wherein a reflection space for circularly polarized waves is formed between the top and the bottom of the reflection assembly; the aperture surface of the feed source component is positioned in the reflection space and faces the circularly polarized wave selection component. The antenna has a compact structure, is free from shielding of a secondary reflector, is convenient for system integration, reduces the overall structural envelope of the traditional positive-feed double-reflector system, is free from radiation shielding, and can be used for the aspects of communication and measurement and control application.

Description

Antenna

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to satellite communications technologies, and in particular, to an antenna.

Background

With the explosion of the satellite communications industry, antennas, as electromagnetic energy transceivers, are an essential component of the overall communications system. Due to the increase of free space attenuation, high-speed data transmission in millimeter wave band requires high directivity and antenna gain of the antenna, and the reflector antenna has high aperture efficiency and low manufacturing cost, and is favored by millimeter wave applications.

In the reflector antenna, the transflector antenna can realize extremely low focal ratio, and a special reflector antenna structure configuration is provided. In a conventional transflector antenna, a parabolic reflector assembly is used as a radome, in which a polarization selection function is implemented by embedding parallel strip gratings in a dielectric mold. When the vector direction of the radiation electric field of the feed source horn is parallel to the metal strip, the transflective device has the function of a reflecting component to reflect the radiation from the feed source, and the transflective device is oppositely provided with a polarization torsion plate to realize the polarization torsion of the opposite irradiation electromagnetic wave.

Because the traditional transflective antenna adopts the parallel metal strip grids for polarization selection, the working principle is only effective for linear polarization, and a new antenna structure configuration, a polarization selection mode and a polarization selection structure are needed for realizing circular polarization transmission and radiation in the transflective antenna. Therefore, an effective solution to solve the above problems is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide an antenna to solve the technical defects in the prior art.

According to a first aspect of embodiments herein, there is provided an antenna comprising: the device comprises a circularly polarized wave selection component 1, a reflection component 2 and a feed source component 3 which are formed by stacking a plurality of layers of printed circuit boards 11 according to preset stacking parameters, wherein metal wires 111 in preset shapes are printed on each layer of the printed circuit boards 11; the circularly polarized wave selecting assembly 1 is fixed on the top of the reflecting assembly 2, the feed source assembly 3 penetrates through the bottom of the reflecting assembly 2, and a reflecting space 21 for circularly polarized waves is formed between the top and the bottom of the reflecting assembly 2; the aperture of the feed source component 3 is located in the reflection space 21 toward the circularly polarized wave selection component 1.

Optionally, in a case that the operating frequency band of the antenna is a Ka frequency band, the number of layers of the multilayer printed circuit board 11 is 2n, and n is a positive integer; the metal surfaces of the front N layers of the printed circuit boards 11 in the circularly polarized wave selection assembly 1 are arranged opposite to the metal surfaces of the rear N layers of the printed circuit boards 11; or, under the condition that the working frequency band of the antenna is the Ku frequency band, the number of layers of the multilayer printed circuit board 11 is 2m +1, and m is a natural number.

Optionally, the preset stacking parameter includes a preset interval and/or a preset rotation angle between two adjacent layers of the printed circuit boards 11.

Optionally, a foam board 12 with a specified thickness is disposed between two adjacent layers of the printed circuit boards 11, wherein the specified thickness is determined based on the operating frequency band of the antenna.

Optionally, the preset shape is a zigzag shape; the reflecting component 2 is a metal body of a rotationally symmetrical paraboloid; wherein, the bottom of the reflection component 2 is provided with an opening 22; the feed source component 3 is fixed at the bottom of the reflecting component 2 through the opening hole 22.

Optionally, the feed source assembly 3 is formed by cascading a longitudinal slot horn 31 and a circularly polarized feed source 32; the mouth surface of the longitudinal slot horn 31 is located in the reflection space 21 toward the circularly polarized wave selection assembly 1.

Optionally, the feed assembly 3 comprises two ports 33; the two ports 33 are in a transceiving operation mode or a polarized beam switching mode based on the difference of the transflective parameters of the circularly polarized wave selecting assembly 1.

Optionally, the circularly polarized wave selecting component 1, the reflecting component 2 and the feed source component 3 form a closed reflecting space 21; the aperture plane of the feed source component 3 is parallel to the circularly polarized wave selection component 1.

Optionally, the antenna further comprises a support member 4; the circularly polarized wave selecting assembly 1 is fixed on the top of the reflecting assembly 2 through the supporting assembly 4.

Optionally, the support member 4 is an annular foam; the circular polarized wave selection assembly 1 is fixed on one side of the support assembly 4, and the top edge of the reflection assembly 2 is fixed on the other side of the support assembly 4.

The antenna provided by the specification comprises a circularly polarized wave selection component, a reflection component and a feed source component which are formed by stacking a plurality of layers of printed circuit boards according to preset stacking parameters, wherein a metal wire in a preset shape is printed on each layer of printed circuit board; the circularly polarized wave selection assembly is fixed at the top of the reflection assembly, and the feed source assembly penetrates through the bottom of the reflection assembly, wherein a reflection space of the circularly polarized wave is formed between the top and the bottom of the reflection assembly; the aperture of the feed source component is located in the reflection space and faces the circularly polarized wave selection component. By realizing circularly polarized transmission and radiation in the antenna and covering the working frequency band with all receiving and transmitting frequencies of the Ka frequency band satellite communication frequency band, the application efficiency of the antenna is improved, the antenna is adopted in Ka frequency band satellite communication equipment to obtain excellent structural characteristics and electrical performance, and the electromechanical comprehensive performance and cost advantage of the Ka frequency band satellite communication equipment can be greatly improved. In addition, the antenna has a compact structure, is free from shielding of a secondary reflector, is convenient for system integration, reduces the overall structural envelope of the traditional positive-feed double-reflector system, is free from radiation shielding, and can be used for the aspects of communication and measurement and control application.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflector antenna in the prior art.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 3A is a schematic structural diagram of a metal line with a predetermined shape according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 3B is a schematic structural diagram of another metal line with a predetermined shape according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a circularly polarized wave selecting assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a stacked structure of printed circuit boards according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflection assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a second antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a circular polarization feed source provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a third antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an antenna operation process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating an effect of a test antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of another test antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a flowchart of another antenna operating process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another circular polarized wave selection assembly provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

In the figure, 101-transflective device, 102-polarization torsion plate, 103-feed horn, 1-circularly polarized wave selection component, 11-printed circuit board, 111-metal wire, 12-foam plate, 2-reflection component, 21-reflection space, 22-open hole, 3-feed component, 31-longitudinal groove horn, 32-circularly polarized feed source, 33-port and 4-support component.

Detailed Description

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present description. This description may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, as those skilled in the art will be able to make and use the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

The terminology used in the description of the one or more embodiments is for the purpose of describing the particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the description of the one or more embodiments. As used in one or more embodiments of the present specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used in one or more embodiments of the present specification refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

It should be understood that although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein in one or more embodiments to describe various information, these information should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, a first can also be referred to as a second and, similarly, a second can also be referred to as a first without departing from the scope of one or more embodiments of the present description. The word "if," as used herein, may be interpreted as "at … …" or "at … …" or "in response to a determination," depending on the context.

With the explosive development of the satellite communication industry, an antenna as an electromagnetic energy transceiver is an essential component of the entire communication system. Due to the increase of free space attenuation, high-speed data transmission in millimeter wave band requires high directivity and antenna gain of the antenna, and the reflector antenna has high aperture efficiency and low manufacturing cost, and is favored by millimeter wave applications.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a reflector antenna in the prior art. Among the Reflector antennas, the transflector antenna or so-called Polarization Twist Reflector (Polarization Twist Reflector) antenna can achieve an extremely low focal ratio and provides a special Reflector antenna structure configuration. In the conventional transflective antenna, a parabolic reflector assembly or a transflective device 101 (transflector) is used as an antenna cover, and a Polarization Twist Plate 102 (Polarization Twist Plate) is obtained by embedding a parallel strip grating in a dielectric mold, so as to realize a Polarization selection function. When the radiation electric field vector direction of the Feed Horn 103 (Feed Horn) is parallel to the metal strip, the transflective device 101 functions as a reflection component to reflect the radiation from the Feed source, and the transflective device 101 is opposite to a polarization torsion plate 102 to realize polarization torsion of the opposite irradiation electromagnetic wave.

Because the traditional transflective antenna adopts the parallel metal strip grids for polarization selection, the working principle is only effective for linear polarization, and a new antenna structure configuration, a polarization selection mode and a polarization selection structure are needed for realizing circular polarization transmission and radiation in the transflective antenna.

In the transflective antenna, because the antenna configuration has an extremely low focal ratio, the aperture of the feed source is small, the shielding of the related feed source is small, and meanwhile, the shielding of a secondary reflection assembly in the traditional reflector antenna does not exist. Due to the presence of the polarization grids in the radiation aperture, the cross polarization suppression performance of the antenna is extremely excellent. Because the polarization twist plate realizes the reversal of the radiation direction, the transflective antenna can be well integrated with the external shell of the microwave electronic device of a common radio transceiver, and the whole antenna structure has compactness.

Currently, the transflective antenna is commonly used for data transmission in the millimeter wave band for terrestrial applications to provide radiation and reception of linearly polarized electromagnetic waves. And the Ka (K-above) frequency band satellite communication system needs the antenna to have circular polarization radiation and receiving capacity, so that the excellent structural characteristics and electrical properties of the antenna are obtained by adopting the transreflector antenna in Ka frequency band satellite communication equipment, and the electromechanical comprehensive properties and cost advantages of the Ka frequency band satellite communication equipment can be greatly improved. This requires circular polarization transmission and radiation to be realized in the transflective antenna, and covering the operating frequency band over the entire transmitting and receiving frequency band of the Ka-band satellite communication band will also improve the application efficiency of the antenna.

In the conventional transflective antenna, since the parallel metal strip structure is adopted for linear polarization selection, that is, when the electric field direction of the incident electromagnetic wave is parallel to the metal strip, the incident wave will transmit through the parallel metal strip structure, and when the electric field direction of the incident electromagnetic wave is perpendicular to the metal strip, the incident wave will be reflected by the parallel metal strip structure. Meanwhile, in the polarization torsion plate, the two components of the irradiated linear polarization electromagnetic wave are reflected by phase shift quantity with 180 degrees of phase difference respectively, so that the electric field direction of the reflected wave is orthogonal to the incident wave, and polarization torsion is realized. Obviously, the working principle and the implementation structure cannot be applied to transmission and radiation of circularly polarized waves, and a new polarization selection structure and a new polarization torsion implementation mode for the circularly polarized waves need to be adopted.

According to the electromagnetic field theory, polarization reversal of a circularly polarized wave (conversion of left-hand circular polarization to right-hand circular polarization, or vice versa) can be achieved by reflection from a metal surface and has frequency-independent characteristics. Therefore, the core of realizing circular polarization transmission and radiation is focused on the circular polarization selection structure, and the circular polarization selection structure is required to be combined in the configuration of the transflective antenna structure, and the polarization characteristic and the frequency response of the circular polarization selection structure are compatible with the application scene of Ka frequency band satellite communication.

The existing transflective antenna is developed only aiming at the performance of a linear polarization antenna, and the transflective antenna has a paraboloidal structure, and a polarization torsion plate has a flat plate structure, so that the circular polarization characteristic and the dual-frequency working function cannot be realized.

Therefore, the present specification provides an antenna, including a circular polarized wave selection component, a reflection component and a feed component stacked by multiple layers of printed circuit boards according to preset stacking parameters, wherein each layer of the printed circuit boards is printed with a metal wire in a preset shape; the circularly polarized wave selection assembly is fixed at the top of the reflection assembly, and the feed source assembly penetrates through the bottom of the reflection assembly, wherein a reflection space of the circularly polarized wave is formed between the top and the bottom of the reflection assembly; the aperture surface of the feed source component is positioned in the reflection space and faces the circularly polarized wave selection component. By realizing circularly polarized transmission and radiation in the antenna and covering the working frequency band with all receiving and transmitting frequencies of the Ka frequency band satellite communication frequency band, the application efficiency of the antenna is improved, the antenna is adopted in Ka frequency band satellite communication equipment to obtain excellent structural characteristics and electrical performance, and the electromechanical comprehensive performance and cost advantage of the Ka frequency band satellite communication equipment can be greatly improved. In addition, the antenna has a compact structure, is free from shielding of a secondary reflector, is convenient for system integration, reduces the overall structural envelope of the traditional positive-feed double-reflector system, is free from radiation shielding, and can be used for the aspects of communication and measurement and control application.

In the present specification, an antenna is provided, which is described in detail in the following embodiments.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a first antenna provided in an embodiment of the present specification, which specifically includes:

the device comprises a circularly polarized wave selection component 1, a reflection component 2 and a feed source component 3 which are formed by stacking a plurality of layers of printed circuit boards 11 according to preset stacking parameters, wherein metal wires 111 in preset shapes are printed on each layer of the printed circuit boards 11;

the circularly polarized wave selection assembly 1 is fixed on the top of the reflection assembly 2, the feed source assembly 3 penetrates through the bottom of the reflection assembly 2, and a reflection space 21 for circularly polarized waves is formed between the top and the bottom of the reflection assembly 2; the aperture of the feed source component 3 is located in the reflection space 21 toward the circularly polarized wave selection component 1.

Specifically, the printed circuit board 11, that is, the PCB board, may be any one of a single-layer board and a double-layer board; the multilayer printed circuit board 11 may include at least one of a single-layer board and a double-layer board; the circularly polarized wave selecting component 1 has a selecting characteristic, and can transmit circularly polarized waves with designated frequency and reflect circularly polarized waves with non-designated frequency; the preset stacking parameters refer to guide parameters for stacking among the multiple layers of printed circuit boards 11, such as the number of layers, the size, the interval and the like of the printed circuit boards 11, and the selection characteristics of the circularly polarized wave selection assemblies 1 corresponding to different preset stacking parameters are different; the reflection assembly 2 can reflect and polarize circularly polarized waves, wherein the polarization inversion means that left-handed circularly polarized waves are converted into right-handed circularly polarized waves, or right-handed circularly polarized waves are converted into left-handed circularly polarized waves, and in addition, the reflection assembly 2 can be in a disc shape, a bowl shape, a barrel shape and the like; the feed source component 3, namely the circularly polarized feed source component, can adopt two forms of positive feed and offset feed.

In practical application, the antenna comprises three major parts, namely a circularly polarized wave selection component 1, a reflection component 2 and a feed component 3. The circular polarized wave selecting assembly 1 is formed by stacking a plurality of layers of printed circuit boards 11 according to preset stacking parameters, that is, preset stacking parameters, wherein the layers of printed circuit boards 11 can be directly fixed by using adhesives such as glue, can be fixed by using fixing tools such as screws, and can also be fixed by using structures such as tenons and , which are not limited in this specification.

The circular polarized wave selecting assembly 1 is fixed on the top of the reflecting assembly 2, that is, in the opening direction of the reflecting assembly 2, and the fixing manner may be directly fixing with an adhesive such as glue, fixing tools such as screws, or fixing with structures such as tenons and , which is not limited in this specification. The bottom of the reflection component 2 is connected with the feed source component 3, and the feed source component 3 penetrates through the bottom of the reflection component 2 and is fixed at the bottom of the reflection component 2. In addition, the space formed by the top and the bottom of the reflection assembly 2 is a reflection space 21 for circularly polarized waves, the mouth surface of the feed source assembly 3 is located in the reflection space 21, the mouth surface of the feed source assembly 3 faces the circularly polarized wave selection assembly 1, and the mouth surface of the feed source assembly 3 can face the circularly polarized wave selection assembly 1 vertically upwards or obliquely upwards.

It should be noted that the metal line 111 has preset attribute parameters, such as the shape, thickness, material, length, bending direction, and the like of the metal line 111, which is not limited in this specification.

In one or more alternative embodiments of the present disclosure, the metal lines 111 printed on each layer of the printed circuit board 11 may be different or the same, that is, there may be at least one predetermined shape.

Referring to fig. 3A, fig. 3A is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a metal line with a predetermined shape according to an embodiment of the present disclosure: the metal lines 111 of the printed circuit board 11 may have a meandering shape.

Referring to fig. 3B, fig. 3B is a schematic structural diagram of another metal line with a predetermined shape provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure: the metal lines 111 of the printed circuit board 11 may be linear.

The metal lines 111 of the printed circuit board 11 may be double-ring type, or double-ring type. This is not intended to be limiting in this specification.

Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a circular polarized wave selecting assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure: in the circular polarized wave selection module 1, a part of the printed circuit board 11 is printed with the metal line 111 in a meandering shape, and a part of the printed circuit board 11 is printed with the metal line 111 in a straight shape.

Preferably, the predetermined shape is a meandering shape. By arranging the shape of the metal line 111 as bent strips (meandering shape) each bent on a bent line, a greater degree of freedom in design can be obtained, and the effective inductance (L) and capacitance (C) can be obtained in a larger range than the linear type with the magnitude of the bending. In addition, by introducing design parameters of the respective layers of the printed circuit boards 11 and separation between the bent tabs, the bandwidth of the Circular Polarization Selection Structure (CPSS), that is, the circular polarization selection assembly 1, can be greatly increased.

It should be noted that the folding period (meandering period), the folding depth and the line width of the meandering-shaped metal wire are related to the operating frequency of the circular polarized wave selecting assembly, that is, the folding period, the folding depth and the line width are changed, and the frequency bands of the circular polarized waves transmitted and reflected by the circular polarized wave selecting assembly are different.

In an embodiment that can be implemented in this specification, the number of layers of the printed circuit boards 11 may be any positive integer, that is, any number of printed circuit boards 11 may be selected according to requirements to be stacked to obtain the circular polarized wave selecting assembly 1.

In another practical embodiment of the present disclosure, the printed circuit board 11 is a single-sided board, and when the operating frequency band of the antenna is Ka frequency band, the number of layers of the multilayer printed circuit board 11 is 2n, where n is a positive integer.

The metal surfaces of the front N layers of the printed circuit board 11 in the circular polarized wave selection assembly 1 are arranged opposite to the metal surfaces of the rear N layers of the printed circuit board 11, and the metal surfaces refer to panels printed with metal wires 111 in the printed circuit board 11.

In practical application, for the Ka band antenna, the number of the printed circuit boards 11 is an even number, that is, 2N (N is a positive integer), the metal surface of the front N layers of the printed circuit boards 11 in the circular polarized wave selection assembly 1 faces the rear N layers of the printed circuit boards 11, the metal surface of the rear N layers of the printed circuit boards 11 faces the front N layers of the printed circuit boards 11, that is, the metal surface of the front N layers of the printed circuit boards 11 is opposite to the metal surface of the rear N layers of the printed circuit boards 11. Thus, the selection performance of the circularly polarized wave selection assembly 1 can be effectively improved under the condition of ensuring lower design complexity.

Referring to fig. 4, the number of layers of the printed circuit board 11 is 6, wherein the metal surfaces of the printed circuit boards 11-L1, 11-L2, and 11-L3 are configured opposite to the metal surfaces of the printed circuit boards 11-L4, 11-L5, and 11-L6, that is, the metal surfaces of the printed circuit boards 11-L1, 11-L2, and 11-L3 are downward, and the metal surfaces of the printed circuit boards 11-L4, 11-L5, and 11-L6 are upward.

It should be noted that, for the Ka band antenna, the even-numbered printed circuit boards 11 are arranged symmetrically and rotationally.

In another embodiment that can be realized in this specification, the printed circuit board 11 is a single-sided board, and when the operating frequency band of the antenna is Ku, the number of layers of the multilayer printed circuit board 11 is 2m +1, and m is a natural number.

The metal surfaces of the front M layers of the printed circuit board 11 in the circular polarized wave selection assembly 1 are arranged opposite to the metal surfaces of the rear M layers of the printed circuit board 11.

In practical application, for the Ku band antenna, the number of layers of the printed circuit board 11 is odd, that is, 2m +1 (M is a natural number), the metal surface of the front M layers of the printed circuit boards 11 in the circular polarized wave selecting assembly 1 faces toward the rear M layers of the printed circuit boards 11, the metal surface of the rear M layers of the printed circuit boards 11 faces toward the front M layers of the printed circuit boards 11, that is, the metal surface of the front N layers of the printed circuit boards 11 is opposite to the metal surface of the rear N layers of the printed circuit boards 11. For example, the number of layers of the printed circuit board 11 is 5, wherein the metal surfaces of the printed circuit boards 11-L1, 11-L2 are arranged opposite to the metal surfaces of the printed circuit boards 11-L4, 11-L5.

It should be noted that, for the Ku band antenna, the printed circuit boards 11 on the odd layers are arranged symmetrically and rotationally.

In addition, both the Ka band antenna and the Ku band antenna have certain symmetry in the interlayer arrangement inside the printed circuit board 11.

In one or more alternative embodiments of the present disclosure, the stacking parameter includes a preset interval and/or a preset rotation angle between two adjacent layers of the printed circuit boards 11.

The preset interval is a distance between two adjacent printed circuit boards 11, the preset rotation angle is a relative rotation degree between two adjacent printed circuit boards 11, and the selection of the preset rotation angle depends on the desired frequency interval of the frequency band and the number of layers or the optimal number of layers of the printed circuit boards 11.

In practical applications, the stacking parameter may include at least one of a predetermined interval and a predetermined rotation angle, and preferably, in order to improve the selection performance and accuracy of the circular polarized wave selection assembly 1, the stacking parameter includes a predetermined interval and a predetermined rotation angle. For example, the preset rotation angle of 60 °, the preset interval d1, d2, …, d2, d1, etc. between each layer of the printed circuit boards 11 are stacked.

In addition, the stacking parameter may include not only a preset interval between two adjacent layers of the printed circuit boards 11, a preset rotation angle, but also a preset shape (circuit pattern) of the metal lines on the printed circuit boards 11. When the circuit pattern is in a zigzag shape, the circuit pattern is parallel-arranged folding lines, and the stacking parameters further include folding parameters mainly including a folding period, a folding depth, and a line width.

In the circularly polarized wave selecting member 1, the folding line (metal in a zigzag shape) exhibits capacitive and inductive properties with respect to two linearly polarized components of a circularly polarized wave, such as a circularly polarized incident wave, and the corresponding reflection coefficient and transmission coefficient are different, and particularly, the phase difference between the reflection coefficient and the transmission coefficient is significant. When the folding parameters (line width, folding depth, rotation angle, etc.) of the folding lines of different layers (different printed circuit boards) are different, the circularly polarized wave selection assembly 1 after multilayer cascade connection has a circular polarization selection characteristic by forming resonance characteristics to two linear polarization components, namely, multiple reflections and transmissions of different layers are mutually superposed, so that the whole circularly polarized wave selection assembly 1 shows transmission enhancement (transmission) or transmission cancellation (transmission) to circularly polarized incident waves in a certain working frequency band. Due to the electric field rotation characteristics of circularly polarized incident waves, the fold line orientations of the different layers also need to be rotated with corresponding rotation angles. The folding lines with corresponding rotation angles of different layers in the circularly polarized wave selection assembly 1 generate different reflection and transmission, if the different reflections are mutually offset (the amplitudes of the reflected waves are equal and the phase difference is 180 °), the circularly polarized incident wave is spatially matched and penetrates through the circularly polarized wave selection assembly 1, and if the different transmissions are mutually offset (the amplitudes of the transmitted waves are equal and the phase difference is 180 °), the circularly polarized incident wave is spatially mismatched and cannot penetrate through the circularly polarized wave selection assembly, and the circularly polarized wave selection assembly is reflected externally. In the circular polarized wave, a left-hand circular polarized wave and a right-hand circular polarized wave have a polarization orthogonal relationship, if different layers of a certain circular polarized wave selection assembly 1 cancel each other out in reflection for the right-hand circular polarized wave (the amplitudes of the reflected waves are equal, and the phase difference is 180 °), the polarization for the left-hand circular wave is mutual superposition in reflection (the amplitudes of the reflected waves are equal, and the phase difference is 0 °), so that the circular polarized wave selection assembly 1 shows transmission for the right-hand circular polarized incident wave and reflection for the left-hand circular polarized incident wave, and is a circular polarization selection characteristic, and vice versa.

In one or more alternative embodiments of the present disclosure, two adjacent layers of printed circuit boards 11 are separated by a foam board 12, that is, a foam board 12 with a specified thickness is disposed between two adjacent layers of the printed circuit boards 11, where the specified thickness is determined based on an operating frequency band of the antenna.

Specifically, the foam sheet 12 may be polystyrene foam (EPS foam) or structural foam made of polymethacrylimide (ROHACELL foam). The specified thickness refers to the thickness of the foam board 12.

In practical application, the foam board 12 may be used to space the printed circuit board 11, and in order to ensure the accuracy of antenna filtering, the specified thickness may be determined according to the working frequency band of the antenna, and then the foam board 12 with the specified thickness is used to space the printed circuit board 11. Therefore, the foam is used for spacing the printed circuit board 11, the spacing precision of the printed circuit board 11 is guaranteed, the precision of the selection characteristic of the circularly polarized wave selection assembly 1 is improved, and the structural stability of the circularly polarized wave selection assembly 1 is improved.

Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a stacked structure of printed circuit boards according to an embodiment of the present invention: the stacked structure of the printed circuit board 11 is provided with a printed circuit board 11, a foam board 12, the printed circuit board 11, the foam board 12, and the printed circuit board 11 in this order. Wherein the thickness (designated thickness) of the foam sheet 12 is a preset interval.

In one or more alternative embodiments of the present disclosure, the shape of the reflective assembly 2 may be a paraboloid or an approximate paraboloid, a shaped paraboloid, or the like. Preferably, the metal lines printed on each printed circuit board are meander shaped and the reflective element 2 is a metal body of a rotationally symmetric paraboloid. The reflecting assembly 2 is a metal body with a rotationally symmetric paraboloid, so that the reflecting efficiency and the polarization reversal efficiency of the reflecting assembly 2 can be effectively improved, and the reflection loss of circularly polarized waves is reduced.

Wherein, the bottom of the reflection component 2 is provided with an opening 22; the feed source component 3 is fixed at the bottom of the reflection component 2 through the opening hole 22. The opening 22 may be in a regular shape such as a circle, a square, a triangle, or an irregular shape set according to the feed source component 3.

Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 shows a schematic structural view of a reflection assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention: an opening 22 is provided at the bottom of the rotationally symmetrical paraboloid of the reflector assembly 2. The opening 22 is used for allowing the feed source component 3 to pass through and be fixed at the bottom of the reflecting component 2. Thereby improving the structural stability of the antenna.

In one or more alternative embodiments of the present disclosure, the feed source assembly 3 is formed by cascading a longitudinal slot horn 31 and a circularly polarized feed source 32; the mouth surface of the longitudinal slot horn 31 is located in the reflection space 21 toward the circularly polarized wave selection assembly 1.

Wherein, the longitudinal groove horn 31 can be a ridged longitudinal groove horn 31, such as a single-ridge waveguide longitudinal groove horn 31, a double-ridge waveguide longitudinal groove horn 31, or a common longitudinal groove horn 31; the circularly polarized feed source 32 can adopt a positive feed mode and a bias feed mode, a user can transmit circularly polarized waves or receive circularly polarized waves, and the position of the circularly polarized feed source 32 generally takes the highest antenna efficiency as the best.

Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of a second antenna provided in an embodiment of the present specification: on the basis of fig. 2, the feed source assembly 3 comprises a longitudinal groove horn 31 and a circularly polarized feed source 32 which are cascaded, wherein the mouth surface of the longitudinal groove horn 31 is positioned in the reflection space 21 inside the reflection assembly 2, and the mouth surface of the longitudinal groove horn 31 faces the circularly polarized wave selection assembly 1. The circular polarization feed source 32 is shown in fig. 8, and fig. 8 shows a schematic structural diagram of the circular polarization feed source provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, where an aperture surface of the circular polarization feed source 32 is cascaded with a bottom of the longitudinal groove horn 31.

It should be noted that the feed source assembly 3 is located at the bottom of the reflection assembly 2, only the feed source assembly 3 includes the longitudinal groove horn 31, the aperture surface of which is located in the reflection space 21, and not the feed source assembly 3 is located in the reflection space 21.

In one or more alternative embodiments of the present description, the feed assembly 3 comprises two ports 33; the two ports 33 are in a transceiving operation mode or a polarized beam switching mode based on the difference of the transmission and reflection parameters of the circularly polarized wave selecting assembly 1.

Specifically, the transflective parameters refer to parameters corresponding to transmission and reflection of the circularly polarized wave by the circularly polarized wave selecting assembly 1, such as a frequency band of the circularly polarized wave transmitted by the circularly polarized wave selecting assembly 1 and a frequency band of the reflected circularly polarized wave; the receiving and transmitting working mode refers to a mode for receiving and transmitting circular polarized waves; the polarized beam switching mode refers to a mode of converting a narrow band circularly polarized wave into a wide band circularly polarized wave.

Referring to fig. 7, two ports 33 are further provided in the feed assembly 3, and the two ports 33 cooperate together to enable the antenna or the port 33 to be in a transceiving operation mode or a polarized beam switching mode. In addition, whether the port 33 is in the transceiving operation mode or the polarized beam switching mode is determined by the transflective parameters of the circular polarized wave selecting assembly 1.

In one or more alternative embodiments of the present specification, the circularly polarized wave selecting component 1, the reflecting component 2, and the feed source component 3 constitute a closed reflecting space 21; the aperture plane of the feed source component 3 is parallel to the circularly polarized wave selection component 1.

In practical application, in order to prevent leakage of circularly polarized waves, the circularly polarized wave selection assembly 1, the reflection assembly 2 and the feed source assembly 3 are tightly combined to form a closed reflection space 21, that is, no gap exists between the circularly polarized wave selection assembly 1 and the reflection assembly 2, and the reflection assembly 2 and the feed source assembly 3 are tightly attached. In addition, in order to improve the operating efficiency of the antenna, the aperture plane of the feed source assembly 3 and the circular polarized wave selecting assembly 1 are parallel to each other, for example, the aperture plane of the longitudinal slot horn 31 in the feed source assembly 3 is parallel to the circular polarized wave selecting assembly 1.

In one or more alternative embodiments of the present disclosure, the circular polarized wave selection assembly 1 may be further fixed to the top of the reflection assembly 2 by a support assembly 4. I.e. the antenna further comprises a support member 4; the circularly polarized wave selecting assembly 1 is fixed on the top of the reflecting assembly 2 through the supporting assembly 4.

Specifically, the support component 4 is used for connecting the circular polarized wave selection component 1 and the reflection component 2, wherein the shape of the support component 4 can be set according to requirements, such as a wave shape, a linear shape and the like. Thus, the stability of the connection between the circular polarized wave selecting member 1 and the reflecting member 2 can be improved.

In one or more alternative embodiments of the present description, the support member 4 is an annular foam; the circular polarized wave selection assembly 1 is fixed on one side of the support assembly 4, and the top edge of the reflection assembly 2 is fixed on the other side of the support assembly 4.

Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 shows a schematic structural diagram of a third antenna provided in an embodiment of the present specification: the antenna comprises four parts, namely a circularly polarized wave selection component 1, a support component 4, a reflection component 2 and a feed source component 3, which are stacked by a plurality of layers of printed circuit boards 11 according to preset stacking parameters, wherein metal wires 111 in preset shapes are printed on each layer of printed circuit board 11; the circularly polarized wave selection assembly 1 is fixed at the top of the support assembly 4, the bottom of the support assembly 4 is fixed at the top of the reflection assembly 2, and the feed source assembly 3 penetrates through the bottom of the reflection assembly 2, wherein a reflection space 21 for circularly polarized wave is formed among the circularly polarized wave selection assembly 1, the support assembly 4 and the reflection assembly 2; the aperture surface of the feed source member 3 is located in the reflection space 21 toward the circularly polarized wave selecting member 1. Thus, the reflection space 21 can be increased, and the reflection efficiency of the circularly polarized wave can be improved.

It should be noted that when the antenna transmits the target circularly polarized wave, it is determined whether the target circularly polarized wave conforms to the preset transmitting frequency band. The specific implementation process is as follows:

under the condition that a first target circularly polarized wave sent by the feed source component 3 is irradiated on the circularly polarized wave selection component 1, judging whether the frequency band of the first target circularly polarized wave accords with a preset transmitting frequency band;

if yes, the circularly polarized wave selection component 1 transmits the first target circularly polarized wave;

if not, the circularly polarized wave selection component 1 reflects the first target circularly polarized wave to the reflection component 2, the reflection component 2 generates a second target circularly polarized wave by polarization reversal of the first target circularly polarized wave, and reflects the second target circularly polarized wave to the circularly polarized wave selection component 1, and the circularly polarized wave selection component 1 transmits the second target circularly polarized wave.

Specifically, the first target circularly polarized wave is a circularly polarized wave transmitted by an antenna, that is, a circularly polarized wave transmitted by the feed source assembly 3; the preset transmission frequency band is a frequency band of the circularly polarized wave that can be transmitted by the circularly polarized wave selecting assembly 1 when transmitting the circularly polarized wave.

In practical application, when a first target circularly polarized wave is emitted by the feed source component 3, the first target circularly polarized wave is irradiated on the circularly polarized wave selection component 1, and if the frequency band of the first target circularly polarized wave belongs to a preset emission frequency band, the circularly polarized wave selection component 1 transmits the first target circularly polarized wave, namely, the antenna emits the first target circularly polarized wave; if the frequency band of the first target circularly polarized wave does not belong to the preset transmitting frequency band, the circularly polarized wave selection assembly 1 reflects the first target circularly polarized wave to the reflection assembly 2, the reflection assembly 2 performs polarization inversion on the first target circularly polarized wave to obtain a second target circularly polarized wave which accords with the preset transmitting frequency band, and reflects the second target circularly polarized wave to the circularly polarized wave selection assembly 1, at this moment, the circularly polarized wave selection assembly 1 transmits the second target circularly polarized wave, namely, the antenna transmits the second target circularly polarized wave.

When the antenna receives the target circularly polarized wave, whether the target circularly polarized wave conforms to the preset transmitting frequency band or not can be judged. The specific implementation process is as follows:

under the condition that the circularly polarized wave selection assembly 1 receives a third target circularly polarized wave, judging whether the frequency band of the third target circularly polarized wave conforms to a preset receiving frequency band;

if yes, the circularly polarized wave selection component 1 transmits the third target circularly polarized wave to the feed source component 3, and receives the third target circularly polarized wave;

if not, the circularly polarized wave selection component 1 transmits the third target circularly polarized wave to the reflection component 2, the reflection component 2 generates a fourth target circularly polarized wave by circularly polarizing and inverting the third target, and reflects the fourth target circularly polarized wave to the circularly polarized wave selection component 1, and the circularly polarized wave selection component 1 reflects the fourth target circularly polarized wave to the feed source component 3, and receives the fourth target circularly polarized wave.

Specifically, the third target circularly polarized wave is a circularly polarized wave received by the antenna, that is, a circularly polarized wave capable of being transmitted from the outside; the preset reception frequency band is a frequency band of a circularly polarized wave that can be received by the feed source assembly 3.

In practical applications, when the circularly polarized wave selection component 1 receives a third target circularly polarized wave, that is, the third target circularly polarized wave transmits through the circularly polarized wave selection component 1 from the outside, if the frequency band of the third target circularly polarized wave belongs to a preset receiving frequency band, the third target circularly polarized wave is directly received by the feed source component 3 after transmitting through the circularly polarized wave selection component 1; if the frequency band of the first target circularly polarized wave does not belong to the preset receiving frequency band, the third target circularly polarized wave is transmitted through the circularly polarized wave selecting assembly 1 and then irradiates the reflecting assembly 2, the reflecting assembly 2 performs polarization inversion on the third target circularly polarized wave to obtain a fourth target circularly polarized wave which accords with the preset receiving frequency band, the fourth target circularly polarized wave is reflected to the circularly polarized wave selecting assembly 1, at the moment, the circularly polarized wave selecting assembly 1 reflects the fourth target circularly polarized wave to the feed source assembly 3, and the feed source assembly 3 receives the fourth target circularly polarized wave.

In addition, under the condition that the frequency band of the first target circularly polarized wave does not accord with the preset transmitting frequency band, the first target circularly polarized wave is orthogonal to the second target circularly polarized wave; and under the condition that the frequency band of the third target circularly polarized wave does not accord with the preset receiving frequency band, the third target circularly polarized wave is orthogonal to the fourth target circularly polarized wave.

For example, a first circularly polarized wave emitted from the feed source assembly 3 is transmitted through the circularly polarized wave selection assembly 1; the second circularly polarized wave emitted by the feed source component 3 is reflected to the reflection component 2 by the circularly polarized wave selection component 1, and is reflected by the reflector and then penetrates through the circularly polarized plane to form a specified circularly polarized wave; the first circularly polarized wave is orthogonal to the designated circularly polarized wave.

The antenna provided in the present specification will be further described with reference to fig. 10. On the basis of fig. 2, fig. 10 shows a flowchart of an antenna operation process provided in an embodiment of the present specification, which is specifically as follows:

aiming at the application scene of the Ka-band satellite communication antenna, the structural configuration and the working principle of the novel circularly polarized transflective antenna are shown. In the application, the working frequency range of the antenna is set to be 27.5 to 29.1GHz (Ka transmitting frequency range) and 17.7 to 20.2GHz (Ka receiving frequency range), the polarization characteristic is that right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) is selected as the Ka transmitting frequency range, left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) orthogonal to the Ka receiving frequency range is selected as the Ka receiving frequency range, and the caliber (width of the antenna) of the whole antenna is 200mm. The polarization definition in fig. 10 and the port polarization definition are defined in terms of the radiation beam polarization characteristics of the entire antenna. The polarization identifier of the antenna port is opposite to the polarization identifier of the feed source component 3, that is, the LHCP received by the antenna port Rx (LHCP) is received by the RHCP port of the feed source component 3, and the RHCP transmitted by the antenna port Tx (RHCP) is transmitted by the LHCP port of the feed source component 3.

Referring to fig. 9, the antenna is composed of four parts, namely, a circularly polarized wave selecting assembly 1, a supporting assembly 4, a reflecting assembly 2 and a feed source assembly 3 from top to bottom.

Referring to fig. 4, the circular polarized wave selection assembly 1 of the antenna is formed by mixing and pressing 6 layers of PCB boards and ROHACELL foam materials, wherein the PCB materials are Rogers 5880, and each layer of PCB boards are laminated at an interval of 60 degrees of rotation. Wherein the metal surfaces of the PCB plates with 11-L1, 11-L2 and 11-L3 layers are configured opposite to the metal surfaces of the PCB plates with 11-L4, 11-L5 and 11-L6 layers. Because the rotation angle between the PCBs determines the polarization characteristics of the circularly polarized wave selection component 1, namely reflecting non-orthogonal circularly polarized plane waves and transmitting orthogonal circularly polarized plane waves, the transflective characteristic of the circularly polarized selection plane is determined according to the included angle rotation relation of the metal surfaces of each layer of the PCBs and the structural size of the bent metal wires 111, a specific working frequency band can be obtained by designing the structural size of the bent metal wires 111 of each layer and the spacing distance between each layer, and the optimal radiation performance parameters can be obtained by adjusting the thickness of the ROHACELL foam material.

The reflecting assembly 2 is selected to have a focal length of 210mm depending on the antenna structure configuration. The focus of the reflection component 2 and the phase center position of the circularly polarized feed source 32 are in a mirror symmetry relationship with the circularly polarized wave selection component 1 as a symmetry plane, that is, the focus of the reflection component 2 and the phase center position of the feed source coincide with each other with respect to a virtual feed source point of the circularly polarized wave selection component 1. The reflection assembly 2 provides a mounting interface for the support assembly 4 and the feed assembly 3.

The circular feed source component 3 is of a full-waveguide structure, and the longitudinal groove horn 31 and the circular polarization feed source 32 are added with four-ridge structures to expand the bandwidth performance and realize the miniaturization of the feed source component 3. The circular polarization feed 32 is mounted on the bottom of the reflection assembly 2 by screws.

Simulation calculation and test are performed on the antenna provided in this specification by using simulation software, and the test result is shown in fig. 11 and 12, where fig. 11 shows a schematic effect diagram of a test antenna provided in an embodiment of the present specification, and fig. 12 shows a schematic effect diagram of another test antenna provided in an embodiment of the present specification: the antenna is designed, processed, verified and tested on the antenna scheme of the circularly polarized transflective device, the antenna has excellent performance and novel structural characteristics, and the antenna can be found to have excellent circularly polarized performance and excellent sidelobe level according to specific receiving and transmitting polarization characteristics and specific test verification work of a working frequency band, so that good radiation of the circularly polarized transflective device antenna is realized, wherein the abscissa is an angle and the unit is deg; the ordinate is the level in dB.

The above results show that the antenna provided by the specification can better match the application requirements of the Ka frequency band satellite communication antenna, and has good engineering realizability and low-cost engineering realization potential. Meanwhile, the antenna described by the invention adopts a unique circular polarization selection principle, has design flexibility and polarization filtering characteristics, is endowed with the capability of obtaining corresponding antenna performance according to different circular polarization selection response characteristics, and has higher polarization purity of antenna radiation.

The antenna provided in the present specification will be further described with reference to fig. 13. On the basis of fig. 2, fig. 13 shows a flowchart of another antenna operation process provided in an embodiment of the present specification, which is specifically as follows:

referring to fig. 2, a structural configuration and an operational principle schematic of an antenna are provided for an application scenario of a Ku frequency band satellite communication antenna. In the application, the working frequency range of the antenna is set to be 14.5-18.0 GHz (transmitting frequency range) and 12.0-12.5 GHz (receiving frequency range), the polarization characteristics are left-handed circular polarization (LHCP), and the caliber of the whole antenna is 350mm. The polarization definitions and port polarization definitions in this figure are defined in terms of the radiation beam polarization characteristics of the overall antenna. Thus, the polarization identification of the antenna port in the figure is opposite to the polarization identification of the independent feed source, namely, the narrow beam (LHCP) port of the antenna corresponds to the RHCP port of the feed source component 3, and the wide beam (LHCP) port of the antenna corresponds to the LHCP port of the feed source component 3. The antenna of the Ku frequency band selects the broadband circularly polarized wave selection component 1 with the working frequency covering 12 to 18GHz, and the broadband circularly polarized wave selection component 1 can well reflect RHCP polarized waves and show the transmission characteristic to LHCP polarized waves. When a narrow beam (LHCP) port (corresponding to the RHCP port of the feed source component 3) of the antenna is excited, the circularly polarized narrow beam radiation of the antenna is realized through the reflection and the transmission based on the broadband circularly polarized wave selection component 1 in the antenna, the beam polarization is LHCP, and when a wide beam (LHCP) port (corresponding to the LHCP port of the feed source component 3) of the antenna is excited, the feed source component 3 emits LHCP polarized waves and directly radiates through the broadband circularly polarized wave selection component 1, and the beam characteristics of the feed source mainly reflect the radiation characteristics of the feed source. Referring to fig. 14, fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another circular polarized wave selecting assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure: fig. 14 shows the structure of the circular polarized wave selecting assembly 1 in the antenna of the Ku frequency band, and the structural features of the circular polarized wave selecting assembly 1 applied to the antenna are different from the structure of the circular polarized wave selecting assembly 1 in fig. 4, mainly the difference is the number of structural layers, the layer spacing, the structure of the meandering metal wire 111, and the like of the printed circuit board 11. That is, the structure of the circular polarized wave selecting element 1 in the Ku-band antenna is different from the structure of the circular polarized wave selecting element 1 in the Ka-band antenna.

The performance of the dual-frequency circularly polarized transflective antenna is obtained by selecting the circularly polarized wave selection assembly formed by stacking the printed circuit boards and the reflection assembly, and the high-gain wave beam requirement of Ka-band satellite communication application is met, so that the circularly polarized characteristic of the antenna in the Ka transmitting frequency band is orthogonal to the circularly polarized characteristic in the Ka receiving frequency band, the wave beam main lobe circularly polarized characteristic is excellent, two ports are output outwards, and the antenna performance is matched with the Ka-band satellite communication application scene. Certainly, in some application scenarios, the antenna is required to have broadband circular polarization radiation capability in a broadband, for example, in some Ku frequency band circular polarization communication applications, the antenna is required to be capable of covering 12 to 18ghz with specific circular polarization performance, which requires that the transflective antenna adopts a corresponding broadband circular polarization selection structure to realize single circular polarization radiation in the broadband. The dual-frequency or broadband circular polarization transflective antenna has the advantages of compact structure, low wind resistance, easiness in processing and manufacturing, batch production and the like, is favorable for system integration and low-cost engineering realization of a satellite communication antenna, and has technical advancement and engineering application value.

The invention relates to a realization structure and a method for realizing dual-frequency or broadband circular polarization work in a transflective antenna, and the realization structure and the method have the structural characteristics of the traditional transflective antenna and have an antenna internal power transmission principle of circular polarization transmission and reflection based on polarization torsion. The transflective structure in this patent is a planar multilayer structure and the polarization torsion plate is a metal parabolic structure, and is also different from the configuration of the traditional transflective antenna structure.

The antenna performance of the dual-frequency circularly polarized transflective device can be obtained by selecting a proper dual-frequency circularly polarized selection structure and applying the structure configuration with a specific transflective device antenna, and the high-gain beam requirement of Ka-band satellite communication application is met, so that the circularly polarized characteristic of the antenna in a Ka transmitting frequency band (27.5 to 29.1GHz) is orthogonal to the circularly polarized characteristic in a Ka receiving frequency band (17.7 to 20.2GHz), the beam main lobe circularly polarized characteristic is excellent, two ports are output outwards, and the antenna performance is matched with the Ka-band satellite communication application scene. Certainly, in some application scenarios, the antenna is required to have broadband circular polarization radiation capability in a broadband, for example, in some Ku frequency band circular polarization communication applications, the antenna is required to be capable of covering 12 to 18ghz with a specific circular polarization performance, which requires that the transflective antenna adopts a corresponding broadband circular polarization selection structure to realize single circular polarization radiation in the broadband. The dual-frequency or broadband circularly polarized transflective antenna has the advantages of compact structure, low wind resistance, easiness in processing, manufacturing and batch production and the like, is favorable for system integration and low-cost engineering realization of a satellite communication antenna, and has technical advancement and engineering application value.

In addition, other configurations and functions of the antenna according to the embodiments of the present disclosure are known to those skilled in the art, and are not described in detail for reducing redundancy.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings, which are based on the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings, and are used for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In this context, "equal," "same," and the like are not strictly mathematical and/or geometric limitations, but also encompass errors that may be understood by one skilled in the art and that may be allowed for manufacturing or use, etc.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Unless otherwise indicated, numerical ranges herein include not only the entire range within its two endpoints, but also several sub-ranges subsumed therein.

The preferred embodiments and examples of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments and examples, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the concept of the present invention.

The preferred embodiments of the present specification disclosed above are intended only to aid in the description of the specification. Alternative embodiments are not exhaustive and do not limit the invention to the precise embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the specification and its practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand the specification and utilize the specification. The specification is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. An antenna, comprising: the device comprises a circularly polarized wave selection assembly (1), a reflection assembly (2) and a feed source assembly (3) which are stacked by a plurality of layers of printed circuit boards (11) according to preset stacking parameters, wherein each layer of printed circuit board (11) is printed with a metal wire (111) in a preset shape;

the circularly polarized wave selection assembly (1) is fixed at the top of the reflection assembly (2), the feed source assembly (3) penetrates through the bottom of the reflection assembly (2), and a reflection space (21) for circularly polarized waves is formed between the top and the bottom of the reflection assembly (2); the aperture of the feed source component (3) is positioned in the reflection space (21) and faces the circularly polarized wave selection component (1);

under the condition that the working frequency band of the antenna is a Ka frequency band, the number of layers of the multilayer printed circuit board (11) is 2N, and N is a positive integer; the metal surfaces of the front N layers of the printed circuit boards (11) in the circularly polarized wave selection assembly (1) are arranged opposite to the metal surfaces of the rear N layers of the printed circuit boards (11);

or, under the condition that the working frequency band of the antenna is the Ku frequency band, the number of layers of the multilayer printed circuit board (11) is 2M +1, and M is a natural number.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that said preset stacking parameters comprise a preset spacing and/or a preset rotation angle between two adjacent layers of said printed circuit boards (11).

3. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein a foam board (12) with a specified thickness is arranged between two adjacent layers of the printed circuit boards (11), wherein the specified thickness is determined based on an operating frequency band of the antenna.

4. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the predetermined shape is a meander shape; the reflecting component (2) is a metal body with a rotationally symmetrical paraboloid; wherein the bottom of the reflection assembly (2) is provided with an opening (22);

the feed source component (3) penetrates through the opening (22) and is fixed at the bottom of the reflection component (2).

5. An antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed assembly (3) is constituted by a longitudinal slot horn (31) and a circularly polarized feed (32) in cascade;

the mouth surface of the longitudinal groove horn (31) is positioned in the reflection space (21) and faces the circularly polarized wave selection assembly (1).

6. An antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed assembly (3) comprises two ports (33); the two ports (33) are in a transceiving operation mode or a polarized beam switching mode based on the difference of the transflective parameters of the circularly polarized wave selecting assembly (1).

7. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the circularly polarized wave selecting member (1), the reflecting member (2) and the feed member (3) constitute a closed reflecting space (21);

the aperture plane of the feed source component (3) is parallel to the circularly polarized wave selection component (1).

8. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a support component (4);

the circularly polarized wave selection assembly (1) is fixed to the top of the reflection assembly (2) through the support assembly (4).

9. An antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that the support component (4) is an annular foam;

the circularly polarized wave selection assembly (1) is fixed on one side of the supporting assembly (4), and the top edge of the reflection assembly (2) is fixed on the other side of the supporting assembly (4).