CN115315906A

CN115315906A - Channel measurement method and communication device

Info

Publication number: CN115315906A
Application number: CN202080098856.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 秦启波; 范利; 种稚萌; 葛士斌; 汪洁; 毕晓艳
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-09
Filing date: 2020-04-09
Publication date: 2022-11-08
Anticipated expiration: 2040-04-09
Also published as: WO2021203373A1; CN115315906B

Abstract

The application provides a channel measurement method and a communication device, which can reduce pilot frequency overhead. The method comprises the following steps: the terminal equipment generates first indication information based on the received precoding reference signal so as to indicate K weighting coefficients corresponding to K angle time delay pairs; the precoding of the precoding reference signal is determined by the K angle time delay pairs, and the K angle time delay pairs and K weighting coefficients corresponding to the K angle time delay pairs are used for constructing a precoding matrix; each weighting coefficient in the K weighting coefficients is determined based on the precoding reference signals carried on part of the N frequency domain units, but not based on the precoding reference signals carried on all the frequency domain units, so as to carry the precoding reference signals corresponding to more angle delay pairs on the same time-frequency resource; the terminal equipment sends first indication information to the network equipment so that the network equipment can determine a precoding matrix corresponding to each frequency domain unit; wherein K and N are both integers greater than 1.

Description

Channel measurement method and communication device

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of wireless communication, and more particularly, to a channel measurement method and a communication apparatus.

Background

In a large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (Massive MIMO) technology, a network device can reduce interference among multiple users and interference among multiple signal streams of the same user through precoding, which is beneficial to improving signal quality, realizing space division multiplexing and improving spectrum utilization rate.

The terminal device may determine a precoding matrix based on downlink channel measurement, for example, and hopefully, through feedback, the network device obtains a precoding matrix that is the same as or similar to the precoding matrix determined by the terminal device. Specifically, the terminal device may instruct to construct the precoding matrix by feeding back one or more spatial vectors, one or more frequency domain vectors, and one or more weighting coefficients, for example. However, this feedback approach incurs a large feedback overhead.

In some communication technologies, such as Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) technology, there is a partial reciprocity between the uplink and downlink channels. The network device may obtain reciprocity information, such as delay, angle, etc., of the downlink channel by using the estimation of the uplink channel. The network device may perform precoding on the downlink reference signal based on the time delay and the angle and then transmit the precoded downlink reference signal, so as to reduce the feedback overhead of the terminal device. However, since the network device performs precoding and transmission of the downlink reference signal for each terminal device individually, the pilot overhead increases as the number of terminal devices increases.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a channel measurement method and a communication device, aiming at reducing pilot frequency overhead.

In a first aspect, a channel measurement method is provided, which may be performed by a terminal device, or may be performed by a component (e.g., a circuit, a chip, or a system of chips) configured in the terminal device. This is not a limitation of the present application.

Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: generating first indication information, the first indication information being determined based on a received precoded reference signal, the precoding of the precoded reference signal being determined by K angle delay pairs, each of the K angle delay pairs comprising an angle vector and a delay vector; the first indication information is used for indicating K weighting coefficients corresponding to the K angle time delay pairs, and the K angle time delay pairs and the K weighting coefficients corresponding to the K angle time delay pairs are used for constructing a precoding matrix; each weighting coefficient in the K weighting coefficients is determined based on precoding reference signals carried on partial frequency domain units in the N frequency domain units; wherein N is the number of frequency domain units contained in the transmission bandwidth of the reference signal, and K and N are integers greater than 1; and sending the first indication information.

In a second aspect, a channel measurement method is provided. The method may be performed by a network device, or may be performed by a component (e.g., a circuit, a chip or a system of chips, etc.) configured in a network device. This is not a limitation of the present application.

Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: receiving first indication information, wherein the first indication information is determined based on a precoding reference signal, the precoding of the precoding reference signal is determined by K angle delay pairs, and each angle delay pair in the K angle delay pairs comprises an angle vector and a delay vector; the first indication information is used for indicating K weighting coefficients corresponding to the K angle time delay pairs, and the K angle time delay pairs and the K weighting coefficients corresponding to the K angle time delay pairs are used for constructing a precoding matrix; each weighting coefficient in the K weighting coefficients is determined based on precoding reference signals carried on partial frequency domain units in the N frequency domain units; wherein N is the number of frequency domain units contained in the transmission bandwidth of the reference signal, and K and N are integers greater than 1; and determining a precoding matrix corresponding to each frequency domain unit based on the first indication information.

Based on the above technical solution, the network device may load the K angle delay pairs to a part of the frequency domain units of the N frequency domain units, so that the number of frequency domain units loaded to one angle delay pair is reduced. If each angle delay pair is loaded on N frequency domain units, N frequency domain units are needed to bear precoding reference signals corresponding to one angle delay pair; however, if each angle delay pair is loaded to a part of the frequency domain units in the N frequency domain units, the N frequency domain units originally used for carrying one angle delay pair may be used for carrying precoding reference signals corresponding to more angle delay pairs. Therefore, under the condition that the number K of the angle time delay pairs is fixed, the pilot frequency overhead can be reduced, thereby being beneficial to fully utilizing the effective frequency spectrum resources. The terminal equipment can also determine the weighting coefficient corresponding to the angle delay pair according to the channel estimation value on the frequency domain unit loaded with the same angle delay pair, and the calculation amount of the terminal equipment is reduced to a certain extent.

With reference to the first aspect or the second aspect, in some possible implementations, each of the K weighting coefficients is determined by a precoding reference signal received on at least one of the N frequency domain units, where the at least one frequency domain unit is a partial frequency domain unit of the N frequency domain units, and any two frequency domain units of the at least one frequency domain unit are at least Q/D-1 frequency domain units apart from each other; q is an integer greater than 1 and is less than K; d is pilot frequency density, and D is more than 0 and less than or equal to 1; Q/D is an integer.

That is, the precoded reference signals corresponding to each angular delay pair may be uniformly distributed in the frequency domain at intervals of Q/D-1 frequency domain units, which is more than uniformly loading each angular delay pair onto N frequency domain units. Therefore, the terminal equipment can obtain the channel state information of each frequency domain position, and is favorable for obtaining a more accurate measurement result.

And under the condition that the number of the terminal devices is increased sharply, the network device can reduce pilot frequency overhead by adjusting the angle time delay logarithm Q corresponding to each reference signal port, and the method is very flexible and convenient.

Further, each of the K weighting coefficients is a sum of at least one estimated value determined based on the precoded reference signal received over the at least one frequency-domain unit, and each of the at least one estimated value is obtained by performing channel estimation based on the precoded reference signal received over one of the at least one frequency-domain unit.

As an embodiment, the precoded reference signals correspond to P reference signal ports, the precoding of the precoded reference signals corresponding to each reference signal port includes a space domain weight and a frequency domain weight, and the precoding of the precoded reference signals corresponding to each reference signal port is determined by Q angle delay pairs among the K angle delay pairs; p is less than K and is a positive integer.

This approach may continue to follow the prior art configuration of the reference signal port. That is, the time-frequency resources configured as the same reference signal port are still used to carry the reference signal of the reference signal port, but the reference signal of the reference signal port is a precoded reference signal loaded with Q angular delay pairs. The terminal device does not need to sense the specific process of generating the pre-coding reference signal by the network device, and only needs to determine how to calculate the weighting coefficient corresponding to each angle delay pair according to the Q value. Therefore, compatibility is strong.

Optionally, the Q angular delay pairs include Q angular vectors that are Q airspace weight vectors, and each airspace weight vector in the Q airspace weight vectors includes multiple airspace weights; the Q space domain weight vectors are used for alternately carrying out precoding on the reference signals loaded on the N frequency domain units; the Q angular delay pairs include Q delay vectors for determining N frequency domain weights, where the N frequency domain weights correspond to the N frequency domain units for precoding reference signals carried on the N frequency domain units.

That is, each of the Q angle vectors may be used as a pre-coded spatial weight vector. Q angle vectors corresponding to the same reference signal port may be polled across N frequency domain units. The partial frequency domain weights in the Q delay vectors may be loaded onto the N frequency domain units. Q frequency domain weight vectors can be obtained by recombining the Q time delay vectors, and the length of each frequency domain weight vector is reduced compared with the length of the time delay vector, so that the number of loaded frequency domain units can be reduced.

Further, the precoding corresponding to the P-th reference signal port of the P reference signal ports received on the nth frequency domain unit of the N frequency domain units includes a space domain weight vector and at least one frequency domain weight; the airspace weight vector is the (p-1) Q + (n-1)% Q +1 angular vector in the K angular vectors contained in the K angular time delay pairs; the at least one frequency domain weight is a matrix

The value of the nth row and the pth column; matrix array

Is determined by a matrix F which is a matrix constructed by P time delay vectors contained in the P angle time delay pairs

And matrix F satisfies:

wherein,% represents the remainder operation, Q is Q, end represents the value from the qth value to the last value, and Q is taken as the increment to take the value; n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, P is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to P, and N and P are positive integers.

The foregoing provides one specific implementation. By the above formula, the space domain weight vector and the frequency domain weight loaded on each frequency domain unit by each reference signal port can be determined. It should be understood, however, that the above-described equations are merely one possible implementation and should not limit the present application in any way.

With reference to the first aspect, in some possible implementations of the first aspect, the method further includes: and receiving second indication information, wherein the second indication information is used for indicating a reporting rule of the K weighting coefficients.

Accordingly, with reference to the second aspect, in some possible implementations of the second aspect, the method further includes: and sending second indication information, wherein the second indication information is used for indicating a reporting rule of the K weighting coefficients.

Since Q weighting coefficients can be determined for each reference signal port, the network device can further indicate reporting rules for P × Q (i.e., K) weighting coefficients corresponding to the P reference signal ports, so that the terminal device and the network device generate the first indication information and analyze the first indication information according to the same reporting rules.

Optionally, a coefficient c of the K weighting coefficients _p，q And a Q-th angle time delay pair corresponding to a P-th reference signal port in the P reference signal ports and a Q-th angle time delay pair corresponding to the P-th reference signal port, wherein P is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to P, and Q is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Q, and the Q-th angle time delay pair is an integer.

One possible reporting rule is: and (3) sequentially taking values of P from 1 to P, and reporting the corresponding Q coefficients for each value of P.

If the K weighting coefficients are expressed as a P × Q dimensional matrix, the reporting rule is reported preferentially according to rows.

Another possible reporting rule is: and (3) sequentially taking values of Q from 1 to Q, and reporting P corresponding coefficients for each value of Q.

If the K weighting coefficients are expressed as a P × Q dimensional matrix, the reporting rule is reported preferentially by columns.

As another embodiment, the precoded reference signals correspond to K reference signal ports, and the precoding of the precoded reference signal corresponding to each reference signal port is determined by one of the K angular time delay pairs.

That is, each reference signal port is associated with one angle delay pair, and the number P of reference signal ports is equal to the number K of angle delay pairs. Based on such a design, the K weighting coefficients determined by the terminal device are the weighting coefficients corresponding to the K reference signal ports, and are also the weighting coefficients corresponding to the K angular delay pairs. The terminal device may report the K weighting coefficients in the existing manner.

Based on the above design, the frequency domain units corresponding to the precoded reference signals of each reference signal port are distributed discretely in the frequency domain. And the frequency domain units corresponding to the same reference signal port are uniformly distributed by taking Q/D-1 frequency domain units as intervals.

With reference to the first aspect, in some possible implementation manners of the first aspect, the precoding of the precoded reference signal corresponding to each of the K reference signal ports includes a space domain weight vector and a frequency domain weight vector; and the space domain weight vector in precoding corresponding to the kth reference signal port in the K reference signal ports is the angle vector of the kth angle delay pair in the K angle delay pairs, and the frequency domain weight vector corresponding to the kth reference signal port is determined by the delay vector of the kth angle delay pair.

That is, each of the K angle vectors may be used as a pre-coded spatial weight vector. Because the frequency domain units corresponding to the same reference signal port are uniformly distributed by taking Q/D-1 frequency domain units as intervals, Q angle vectors are alternately used corresponding to the same time-frequency positions on N frequency domain units. Each angle vector corresponds to a reference signal port.

K frequency domain weight vectors can be obtained by recombining the K time delay vectors. Because the frequency domain units corresponding to the same reference signal port are uniformly distributed by taking Q/D-1 frequency domain units as intervals, the frequency domain weights in Q time delay vectors are alternately used corresponding to the same time-frequency positions on N frequency domain units. And recombining partial frequency domain weights in the Q time delay vectors to obtain Q frequency domain weight vectors. The length of each frequency domain weight vector compared to the time delay vector is reduced, so that the number of loaded frequency domain units can be reduced.

Further, the precoded frequency domain weight of the precoded reference signal of the kth reference signal port received on the nth frequency domain unit of the N frequency domain units is the nth element of the delay vector of the kth angular delay pair; n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, K is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to K, and N and K are integers.

With reference to the first aspect, in some possible implementations of the first aspect, the method further includes: third indication information is received, the third indication information indicating a value of Q.

Accordingly, with reference to the second aspect, in some possible implementations of the second aspect, the method further includes: and transmitting third indication information, wherein the third indication information is used for indicating the value of Q.

That is, the Q value can be flexibly configured.

And the network equipment sends third indication information to the terminal equipment to indicate the value of Q, so that the terminal equipment determines the frequency domain unit corresponding to each angle time delay pair according to the value of Q, and further determines the weighting coefficient corresponding to each angle time delay pair.

The indication mode of the network device to the Q value is various, and the Q value may be indicated by an existing signaling or a newly added signaling, may be explicitly indicated, or may be implicitly indicated. This is not a limitation of the present application.

With reference to the first aspect or the second aspect, in some possible implementations, the value of Q is a predefined value.

That is, the Q value may be fixed.

In a third aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, which may be a terminal device, or a component in a terminal device. The communication device may comprise means or units for performing the method of the first aspect as well as any of its possible implementations.

In a fourth aspect, a communications apparatus is provided that includes a processor. The processor is coupled to the memory and is operable to execute instructions in the memory to implement the method of any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect. Optionally, the communication device further comprises a memory. Optionally, the communication device further comprises a communication interface, the processor being coupled to the communication interface for inputting and/or outputting information, the information comprising at least one of instructions and data.

In one implementation, the communication device is a terminal device. When the communication device is a terminal device, the communication interface may be a transceiver, or an input/output interface.

Alternatively, the transceiver may be a transmit-receive circuit. Alternatively, the input/output interface may be an input/output circuit.

In another implementation, the communication device is a chip or a system of chips configured in the terminal equipment. When the communication device is a chip or a chip system configured in a terminal device, the communication interface may be an input/output interface, an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, a pin or a related circuit, and the like. The processor may also be embodied as a processing circuit or a logic circuit.

In a fifth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, which may be a terminal device, or a component in a terminal device. The communication device may comprise various means or units for performing the method of the second aspect and any of its possible implementations.

In a sixth aspect, a communications apparatus is provided that includes a processor. The processor is coupled to the memory and is operable to execute the instructions in the memory to implement the method of any one of the possible implementations of the second aspect. Optionally, the communication device further comprises a memory. Optionally, the communication device further comprises a communication interface, the processor being coupled to the communication interface for inputting and/or outputting information, the information comprising at least one of instructions and data.

In one implementation, the communication device is a network device. When the communication device is a network device, the communication interface may be a transceiver, or an input/output interface.

In another implementation, the communication device is a chip or a system of chips configured in the network device. When the communication device is a chip or a system of chips configured in a network device, the communication interface may be an input/output interface, an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, a pin or a related circuit, and the like. The processor may also be embodied as a processing circuit or a logic circuit.

In a seventh aspect, a processor is provided, including: input circuit, output circuit and processing circuit. The processing circuit is configured to receive a signal through the input circuit and transmit a signal through the output circuit, so that the processor performs the method in any one of the possible implementations of the first and second aspects.

In a specific implementation process, the processor may be a chip, the input circuit may be an input pin, the output circuit may be an output pin, and the processing circuit may be a transistor, a gate circuit, a flip-flop, various logic circuits, and the like. The input signal received by the input circuit may be received and input by, for example and without limitation, a receiver, the signal output by the output circuit may be output to and transmitted by a transmitter, for example and without limitation, and the input circuit and the output circuit may be the same circuit that functions as the input circuit and the output circuit, respectively, at different times. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific implementation manner of the processor and various circuits.

In an eighth aspect, a processing device is provided that includes a communication interface and a processor. The communication interface is coupled with the processor. The communication interface is used for inputting and/or outputting information. The information includes at least one of instructions and data. The processor is configured to execute a computer program to cause the processing apparatus to perform the method of any of the possible implementations of the first and second aspects.

Optionally, the number of the processors is one or more, and the number of the memories is one or more.

In a ninth aspect, a processing apparatus is provided that includes a processor and a memory. The processor is configured to read instructions stored in the memory, and may receive signals via the receiver and transmit signals via the transmitter, so that the processing device performs the method of any of the possible implementations of the first and second aspects.

Alternatively, the memory may be integral to the processor or provided separately from the processor.

In a specific implementation process, the memory may be a non-transient memory, such as a Read Only Memory (ROM), which may be integrated on the same chip as the processor, or may be separately disposed on different chips.

It will be appreciated that the associated information interaction process, for example, the process of sending the indication information may be the process of outputting the indication information from the processor, and the process of receiving the indication information may be the process of inputting the received indication information to the processor. In particular, the information output by the processor may be output to a transmitter and the input information received by the processor may be from a receiver. The transmitter and receiver may be collectively referred to as a transceiver, among others.

The apparatus in the above eighth and ninth aspects may be a chip, the processor may be implemented by hardware or may be implemented by software, and when implemented by hardware, the processor may be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, or the like; when implemented in software, the processor may be a general-purpose processor implemented by reading software code stored in a memory, which may be integrated with the processor, located external to the processor, or stand-alone.

In a tenth aspect, there is provided a computer program product comprising: a computer program (which may also be referred to as code, or instructions), which when executed, causes a computer to perform the method of any of the possible implementations of the first and second aspects described above.

In an eleventh aspect, a computer-readable medium is provided, which stores a computer program (which may also be referred to as code, or instructions) that, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method of any one of the possible implementations of the first and second aspects.

In a twelfth aspect, a communication system is provided, which includes the terminal device and the network device.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system suitable for a channel measurement method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of precoding a reference signal based on a delay vector;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of loading an angular delay pair into a reference signal and determining weighting coefficients;

fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a channel measurement method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 and 6 show Q angle delay pairs corresponding to one reference signal port;

fig. 7 shows the correspondence between each RB and the weighting coefficient of each angular delay pair;

fig. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a channel measurement method according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 shows a schematic diagram of a distribution of multiple reference signal ports over N RBs;

fig. 10 and fig. 11 are schematic block diagrams of a communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The technical scheme provided by the application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, an LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) system, an LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD) system, a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), a Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) communication system, a future fifth generation (5 g) mobile communication system, or a new radio access technology (NR). The 5G mobile communication system may include a non-independent Network (NSA) and/or an independent network (SA), among others.

The technical scheme provided by the application can also be applied to Machine Type Communication (MTC), long Term Evolution-machine (LTE-M) communication between machines, device-to-device (D2D) network, machine-to-machine (M2M) network, internet of things (IoT) network, or other networks. The IoT network may comprise, for example, a car networking network. The communication modes in the car networking system are generally referred to as car to other devices (vehicle to X, V2X, X may represent anything), for example, the V2X may include: vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication, vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) communication, vehicle to pedestrian (V2P) or vehicle to network (V2N) communication, and the like.

The technical scheme provided by the application can also be applied to future communication systems, such as a sixth generation mobile communication system and the like. This is not a limitation of the present application.

In the embodiment of the present application, the network device may be any device having a wireless transceiving function. Such devices include, but are not limited to: an evolved Node B (eNB), a Radio Network Controller (RNC), a Node B (NB), a Base Station Controller (BSC), a Base Transceiver Station (BTS), a home base station (e.g., home evolved Node B, or home Node B, HNB), a Base Band Unit (BBU), an Access Point (AP), a wireless relay Node, a wireless backhaul Node, a Transmission Point (TP), or a Transmission and Reception Point (TRP) in a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system, and the like, and may also be 5G, such as NR, a gbb in a system, or a transmission point (TRP or TP), and one or a group of base stations in a 5G system may include multiple antennas, or panels, such as a Radio Network Controller (RNC), a distributed Node B, or a Base Band Unit (BBU).

In some deployments, the gNB may include Centralized Units (CUs) and DUs. The gNB may also include an Active Antenna Unit (AAU). The CU implements part of the function of the gNB, and the DU implements part of the function of the gNB, for example, the CU is responsible for processing non-real-time protocols and services, and implementing functions of a Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer and a packet data convergence layer (PDCP) layer. The DU is responsible for processing a physical layer protocol and a real-time service, and implements functions of a Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, a Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, and a Physical (PHY) layer. The AAU implements part of the physical layer processing functions, radio frequency processing and active antenna related functions. Since the information of the RRC layer eventually becomes or is converted from the information of the PHY layer, the higher layer signaling, such as the RRC layer signaling, may also be considered to be transmitted by the DU or by the DU + AAU under this architecture. It is to be understood that the network device may be a device comprising one or more of a CU node, a DU node, an AAU node. In addition, the CU may be divided into network devices in an access network (RAN), or may be divided into network devices in a Core Network (CN), which is not limited in this application.

The network device provides a service for a cell, and a terminal device communicates with the cell through a transmission resource (e.g., a frequency domain resource, or a spectrum resource) allocated by the network device, where the cell may belong to a macro base station (e.g., a macro eNB or a macro gNB), or may belong to a base station corresponding to a small cell (small cell), where the small cell may include: urban cell (metro cell), micro cell (microcell), pico cell (pico cell), femto cell (femto cell), etc., and these small cells have the characteristics of small coverage and low transmission power, and are suitable for providing high-rate data transmission service.

In the embodiments of the present application, a terminal device may also be referred to as a User Equipment (UE), an access terminal, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a user terminal, a wireless communication device, a user agent, or a user equipment.

The terminal device may be a device providing voice/data connectivity to a user, e.g. a handheld device, a vehicle mounted device, etc. with wireless connectivity. Currently, some examples of terminals may be: a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer (pad), a computer with wireless transceiving function (such as a notebook computer, a palm computer, etc.), a Mobile Internet Device (MID), a Virtual Reality (VR) device, an Augmented Reality (AR) device, a wireless terminal in industrial control (industrial control), a wireless terminal in self driving (self driving), a wireless terminal in remote medical (remote medical), a wireless terminal in smart grid (smart grid), a wireless terminal in transportation safety (transportation safety), a wireless terminal in smart city (smart city), a wireless terminal in smart home (smart home), a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (session initiation protocol), SIP) phones, wireless Local Loop (WLL) stations, personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, terminal devices in 5G networks or terminal devices in future-evolving Public Land Mobile Networks (PLMNs), and the like.

Wherein, wearable equipment also can be called as wearing formula smart machine, is the general term of using wearing formula technique to carry out intelligent design, developing the equipment that can dress to daily wearing, like glasses, gloves, wrist-watch, dress and shoes etc.. The wearable device may be worn directly on the body or may be a portable device integrated into the user's clothing or accessory. The wearable device is not only a hardware device, but also realizes powerful functions through software support, data interaction and cloud interaction. The generalized wearable smart device has full functions and large size, and can realize complete or partial functions without depending on a smart phone, for example: smart watches or smart glasses and the like, and only focus on a certain type of application function, and need to be matched with other equipment such as a smart phone for use, such as various smart bracelets for physical sign monitoring, smart jewelry and the like.

In addition, the terminal device may also be a terminal device in an internet of things (IoT) system. The IoT is an important component of future information technology development, and is mainly technically characterized in that articles are connected with a network through a communication technology, so that an intelligent network with man-machine interconnection and object interconnection is realized. The IoT technology can achieve massive connection, deep coverage, and power saving of the terminal through, for example, narrowband (NB) technology.

In addition, the terminal equipment can also comprise sensors such as an intelligent printer, a train detector, a gas station and the like, and the main functions of the terminal equipment comprise data collection (part of the terminal equipment), control information and downlink data receiving of the network equipment, electromagnetic wave sending and uplink data transmission to the network equipment.

For the understanding of the embodiments of the present application, a communication system suitable for the channel measurement method provided in the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1. Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a communication system 100 suitable for use in the method provided by the embodiments of the present application. As shown, the communication system 100 may include at least one network device, such as the network device 101 shown in fig. 1; the communication system 100 may further comprise at least one terminal device, such as the terminal devices 102 to 107 shown in fig. 1. The terminal devices 102 to 107 may be mobile or stationary. Network device 101 and one or more of terminal devices 102-107 may each communicate over a wireless link. Each network device may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area and may communicate with terminal devices located within that coverage area. For example, the network device may send configuration information to the terminal device, and the terminal device may send uplink data to the network device based on the configuration information; for another example, the network device may send downlink data to the terminal device. Thus, the network device 101 and the terminal devices 102 to 107 in fig. 1 constitute one communication system.

Alternatively, the terminal devices may communicate directly with each other. Direct communication between terminal devices may be achieved, for example, using D2D technology or the like. As shown in the figure, direct communication between the

terminal devices

105 and 106 and between the

terminal devices

105 and 107 may be performed using D2D technology. Terminal device 106 and terminal device 107 may communicate with terminal device 105 separately or simultaneously.

The terminal apparatuses 105 to 107 can also communicate with the network apparatus 101, respectively. For example, it may communicate directly with network device 101, such as

terminal devices

105 and 106 in the figure may communicate directly with network device 101; it may also communicate indirectly with network device 101, such as terminal device 107 communicating with network device 101 via terminal device 105.

It should be understood that fig. 1 exemplarily shows one network device and a plurality of terminal devices, and communication links between the respective communication devices. Alternatively, the communication system 100 may include a plurality of network devices, and each network device may include other numbers of terminal devices within its coverage area, such as more or fewer terminal devices. This is not limited in this application.

The above-described respective communication devices, such as the network device 101 and the terminal devices 102 to 107 in fig. 1, may be configured with a plurality of antennas. The plurality of antennas may include at least one transmit antenna for transmitting signals and at least one receive antenna for receiving signals. Additionally, each communication device can additionally include a transmitter chain and a receiver chain, each of which can comprise a plurality of components associated with signal transmission and reception (e.g., processors, modulators, multiplexers, demodulators, demultiplexers, antennas, etc.), as will be appreciated by one skilled in the art. Therefore, the network equipment and the terminal equipment can communicate through the multi-antenna technology.

Optionally, the wireless communication system 100 may further include other network entities such as a network controller, a mobility management entity, and the like, which is not limited thereto.

For better understanding of the embodiments of the present application, before describing the embodiments of the present application, the following description is made.

First, for convenience of understanding, the physical meanings indicated by the several letters referred to in the embodiments of the present application are explained as follows:

k: the number of angle delay pairs, K > 1 and is an integer;

p: the number of reference signal ports, namely the number of ports after space domain precoding and frequency domain precoding are carried out on the reference signals, wherein P is more than or equal to 1 and is an integer;

q-1: the number of frequency domain units between two adjacent frequency domain units corresponding to the same angle time delay pair is used for describing the minimum interval between the two frequency domain units corresponding to the same angle time delay pair, and Q is more than 1 and is an integer;

d: pilot density, D > 0;

n: the number of frequency domain units contained in the transmission bandwidth of the reference signal, N > 1 and is an integer;

t: the number of transmitting antenna ports, T is more than 1 and is an integer;

f: the frequency domain weight matrix can be represented as a matrix with dimension N × K in the embodiment of the present application;

s: the spatial domain weight matrix can be represented as a matrix with dimension T multiplied by K in the embodiment of the application;

c: the coefficient matrix may be represented as a diagonal matrix with dimension K × K in the embodiment of the present application.

Second, in the embodiments of the present application, when numbering is referred to, numbering may be continued from 1 for convenience of description. For example, the N frequency domain units may include the 1 st to nth frequency domain units, the K angle delay pairs may include the 1 st to kth angle delay pairs, the P reference signal ports may include the 1 st to pth reference signal ports, and so on. Of course, the specific implementation is not limited thereto. For example, the numbers may be consecutively numbered from 0. For example, the N frequency domain units may include 0 th to N-1 th frequency domain units, the K angle delay pairs may include 0 th to K-1 th angle delay pairs, the P reference signal ports may include 0 th to P-1 th reference signal ports, and the like, which are not listed here for brevity.

It should be understood that the above descriptions are provided for convenience of describing the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.

Third, in the present application, a plurality of places relate to the operation of the transformed sum of the matrix and the vector and the function. For ease of understanding, a unified description is provided herein. The matrix a, parameters p, Q, a, b, N, etc. shown below are examples.

For matrix A, the superscript T denotes transposition, e.g. A ^T Representing the transpose of matrix (or vector) a. The superscript H denotes a conjugate transpose, e.g., A ^H Representing the conjugate transpose of matrix (or vector) a.

For matrix A, the function A (: p) represents taking the first row to the last row of the pth column in matrix A, i.e., taking the pth column in matrix A. A (q,: means taking the first column to the last column of the q-th row in the matrix A, i.e. taking the q-th row in the matrix A.

Further, the function A (a, Q, b:, p) represents that in the p-th column in the matrix, the starting action a and the ending action b take Q as an increment value to take value. That is, the difference of the corresponding row numbers of the fetched values in the matrix a is Q or an integer multiple of Q.

For example, function A (1, Q, end:, p) represents: for the pth column of the matrix a, values are taken in increments of Q from the first row to the last row. Assuming that Q =2, if the total number of rows is an odd number, it indicates that the values of the 1 st, 3rd, 5th, 7 th and last rows are taken from the 1 st row of the p-th column of the matrix a; if the total number of rows is an even number, it indicates that the values of the 1 st, 3rd, 5th, 7 th, and the second to last rows are taken from the 1 st row of the p-th column of the matrix a.

The function diag () represents a diagonal matrix.

The function N% Q represents the remainder for N/Q.

Function(s)

Indicating rounding up, which can also be indicated as floor ().

Fourthly, hereinafter, when it is described that Q-1 frequency domain units are spaced between two frequency domains, it may mean that the number of spaced frequency domain units excluding the two frequency domain units is Q-1. For example, 3 RBs are spaced between RB #1 and RB # 5. It will be appreciated that the number of intervals is different from the incremental values described above. When the increment value is Q, the number of intervals is Q-1. Wherein Q is merely an example.

Fifth, in the embodiments shown below, the embodiments provided in the present application are described by taking an example in which the angle vector and the delay vector are both column vectors, but this should not be construed as limiting the present application in any way. Other more possible manifestations will occur to those skilled in the art based on the same idea.

Sixth, in the present application, "for indicating" may include for direct indication and for indirect indication. When a certain indication information is described for indicating a, the indication information may be included to directly indicate a or indirectly indicate a, and does not mean that a is necessarily carried in the indication information.

If the information indicated by the indication information is referred to as information to be indicated, in a specific implementation process, there are many ways of indicating the information to be indicated, for example, but not limited to, directly indicating the information to be indicated, such as the information to be indicated itself or an index of the information to be indicated. The information to be indicated can also be indirectly indicated by indicating other information, wherein an association relationship exists between the other information and the information to be indicated. It is also possible to indicate only a part of the information to be indicated, while the other part of the information to be indicated is known or predetermined. For example, the indication of the specific information may be implemented by means of a predetermined arrangement order of the respective information (e.g., protocol specification), thereby reducing the indication overhead to some extent. Meanwhile, the universal parts of all information can be identified and indicated in a unified mode, so that the indicating overhead caused by independently indicating the same information is reduced. For example, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the precoding matrix is composed of precoding vectors, and that each precoding vector in the precoding matrix may have the same components in terms of composition or other attributes.

The specific indication method may be any of various existing indication methods, such as, but not limited to, the above indication methods, various combinations thereof, and the like. For the details of various indication modes, reference may be made to the prior art, and details are not described herein. As can be seen from the above description, when a plurality of information of the same type are required to be indicated, for example, different information may be indicated differently. In a specific implementation process, a required indication manner may be selected according to a specific need, and the indication manner selected in the embodiment of the present application is not limited, so that the indication manner related to the embodiment of the present application should be understood to cover various methods that enable a party to be indicated to obtain information to be indicated.

The information to be indicated may be sent together as a whole, or may be divided into a plurality of pieces of sub information to be sent separately, and the sending periods and/or sending timings of these pieces of sub information may be the same or different. Specific transmission method this application is not limited. The sending period and/or sending timing of the sub information may be predefined, for example, predefined according to a protocol, or may be configured by the transmitting end device by sending configuration information to the receiving end device. The configuration information may include, for example and without limitation, one or a combination of at least two of radio resource control (rrc) signaling, medium Access Control (MAC) layer signaling, and physical layer signaling. Among them, radio resource control signaling such as packet Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling; the MAC layer signaling includes, for example, a MAC Control Element (CE); the physical layer signaling includes, for example, downlink Control Information (DCI).

Seventh, the definitions listed herein for many characteristics (e.g., precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI), channel, RB, RBG, subband, PRG, RE, angle, and delay, etc.) are only used to explain the functions of the characteristics by way of example, and the details thereof can be referred to the prior art.

Eighth, the first, second and various numerical numbers in the embodiments shown below are merely for convenience of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. For example, different indication information is distinguished.

Ninth, "predefining" or "pre-configuring" may be implemented by pre-saving corresponding codes, tables or other manners that may be used to indicate related information in a device (e.g., including a terminal device and a network device), and the specific implementation manner of the present application is not limited thereto. Wherein "saving" may refer to saving in one or more memories. The one or more memories may be separate devices or may be integrated in the encoder or decoder, the processor, or the communication device. The one or more memories may also be provided as a portion of a stand-alone device, a portion of which is integrated into a decoder, a processor, or a communication device. The type of memory may be any form of storage medium and is not intended to be limiting of the present application.

Tenth, the "protocol" referred to in the embodiments of the present application may refer to a standard protocol in the communication field, and may include, for example, an LTE protocol, an NR protocol, and a related protocol applied in a future communication system, which is not limited in the present application.

Eleventh, "at least one" means one or more, "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or" describes the association relationship of the associated object, indicating that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, which may indicate: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone, wherein A and B can be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "at least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of the singular or plural items. For example, at least one (one) of a, b, and c, may represent: a, or, b, or, c, or, a and b, or, a and c, or, b and c, or, a, b and c. Wherein a, b and c may be single or plural respectively.

Twelfth, in the embodiment of the present application, descriptions such as "when … …", "in … …", "if" and "if" all refer to that a device (e.g., a terminal device or a network device) performs corresponding processing in an objective situation, which is not a limited time, and does not require an action that is necessarily determined when the device (e.g., a terminal device or a network device) is implemented, and does not mean that there is another limitation.

For the convenience of understanding the embodiments of the present application, the terms referred to in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below.

1. Channel reciprocity: in some communication modes, such as TDD, uplink and downlink channels transmit signals on different time domain resources on the same frequency domain resource. The channel fading experienced by the signals on the uplink and downlink channels may be considered to be the same over a relatively short time (e.g., the coherence time of the channel propagation). This is the reciprocity of the uplink and downlink channels. Based on reciprocity of the uplink and downlink channels, the network device may measure the uplink channel according to an uplink reference signal, such as a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS). And the downlink channel can be estimated according to the uplink channel, so that a precoding matrix for downlink transmission can be determined.

However, in other communication modes, such as FDD, the uplink and downlink channels do not have complete reciprocity because the frequency band spacing of the uplink and downlink channels is much larger than the coherence bandwidth, and the precoding matrix determined by the uplink channel for downlink transmission may not be able to adapt to the downlink channel. However, the uplink and downlink channels in FDD mode still have some reciprocity, such as angular reciprocity and time delay reciprocity. Thus, the angle and the time delay may also be referred to as reciprocity parameters.

When transmitted over a wireless channel, a signal may travel multiple paths from a transmitting antenna to a receiving antenna. Multipath delay causes frequency selective fading, which is the variation of the frequency domain channel. The delay is the transmission time of the radio signal on different transmission paths, is determined by the distance and the speed, and has no relation with the frequency domain of the radio signal. When signals are transmitted on different transmission paths, different transmission delays exist due to different distances. Since the physical location between the network device and the terminal device is fixed, the multipath distribution of the uplink and downlink channels is the same in time delay. Therefore, the uplink and downlink channels with the same delay in FDD mode can be considered to be identical or reciprocal.

In addition, the angle may refer to an angle of arrival (AOA) at which a signal reaches a receiving antenna via a radio channel, or may refer to an angle of departure (AOD) at which a signal is transmitted through a transmitting antenna. In this embodiment, the angle may refer to an arrival angle at which the uplink signal reaches the network device, or may refer to a departure angle at which the network device transmits the downlink signal. Due to reciprocity of transmission paths of uplink and downlink channels on different frequencies, the arrival angle of the uplink reference signal and the departure angle of the downlink reference signal can be considered as reciprocity.

In the present embodiment, each angle may be characterized by an angle vector. Each delay can be characterized by a delay vector. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, one angle vector may represent one angle, and one delay vector may represent one delay.

Each angle vector may be combined with a delay vector described below to obtain an angle delay pair. In other words, an angular delay pair may include an angular vector and a delay vector.

2. Angle vector: may also be referred to as spatial domain vectors, beam (beam) vectors, etc. The angle vector may be understood as a precoding vector used for beamforming the reference signal. The process of precoding the reference signal based on the angle vector can also be regarded as a process of spatial domain (or simply, spatial domain) precoding.

The angle vector may be a length T vector. Where T may represent the number of transmit antenna ports, T > 1 and is an integer. For an angle vector with a length of T, the angle vector includes T space-domain weights (or weights for short), and the T weights can be used for weighting T transmitting antenna ports, so that reference signals transmitted by the T transmitting antenna ports have certain spatial directivity, thereby realizing beam forming.

Precoding the reference signals based on different angle vectors is equivalent to beamforming the transmit antenna ports based on different angle vectors, so that the transmitted reference signals have different spatial directivities.

Optionally, the angle vector is a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) vector. The DFT vector may refer to a vector in a DFT matrix.

Optionally, the angle vector is a conjugate transpose vector of the DFT vector. The DFT conjugate transpose vector may refer to a column vector in a conjugate transpose matrix of a DFT matrix.

Optionally, the angle vector is an oversampled DFT vector. The oversampled DFT vectors may refer to vectors in an oversampled DFT matrix.

In one possible design, the angle vector may be, for example, a two-dimensional (2dimensions, 2d) -DFT vector v defined in a type II (type II) codebook in R16 or a third Generation Partnership (3 rd Generation Partnership project,3 gpp) Technical Specification (TS) 38.214 version 15 (release 15, R15) or _l,m . In other words, the angle vector may be a 2D-DFT vector or an oversampled 2D-DFT vector.

It should be understood that the above examples of specific forms of angle vectors are only examples, and should not be construed as limiting the present application in any way. For example, the delay vector may also be taken from the DFT matrix. The present application is not limited to a specific form of the delay vector.

It should also be understood that an angle vector is one form proposed herein for representing an angle. The angle vector is named only for convenience of distinction from the delay vector and should not constitute any limitation to the present application. This application does not exclude the possibility that other names may be defined in future protocols to represent the same or similar meaning.

If the real downlink channel is denoted as V, V can be represented as a matrix with dimension R × T. Wherein R is the number of receiving antenna ports, and T is the number of transmitting antenna ports; r, T are all positive integers. In downlink transmission, a precoded reference signal obtained by precoding a reference signal based on an angle vector may be transmitted to a terminal device through a downlink channel, and therefore, a channel measured by the terminal device according to the received precoded reference signal is equivalent to a channel loaded with the angle vector. For example, the angle vector a _k Is loaded to a downlink channel V, which can be represented as Va _k . In other words, the angle vector is loaded onto the reference signal, i.e. onto the channel.

3. Delay vector: which may also be referred to as frequency domain vectors. The delay vector is a vector for representing the variation law of the channel in the frequency domain. As previously mentioned, multipath delay results in frequency selective fading. As known from fourier transform, the time delay of the signal in the time domain is equivalent to the phase gradient in the frequency domain.

Since the phase change of the channel in each frequency domain unit is related to the time delay, the change rule of the phase of the channel in each frequency domain unit can be represented by a time delay vector. In other words, the delay vector may be used to represent the delay characteristics of the channel.

The delay vector may be a length N vector. Wherein, N may represent the number of frequency domain units for carrying the reference signal, and N > 1 and is an integer. For a delay vector of length N, it contains N frequency domain weights (or weights for short), and the N weights can be used to perform phase rotation on N frequency domain units, respectively. By pre-coding the reference signals carried on the N frequency domain units, the frequency selection characteristic caused by multipath time delay can be pre-compensated. Therefore, the process of precoding the reference signal based on the delay vector can be regarded as a process of frequency domain precoding.

Precoding the reference signal based on different delay vectors is equivalent to performing phase rotation on each frequency domain unit of the channel based on different delay vectors. And, the same frequency domain unit may have different phase rotation angles.

Optionally, the delay vector is a DFT vector. The DFT vector may be a vector in a DFT matrix.

For example, the delay vector may be denoted b _k ，

Wherein K =1,2, … …, K; k may represent the number of delay vectors; f. of ₁ ，f ₂ ，……，f _N Respectively representing the carrier frequencies of the 1 st, 2 nd to nth frequency domain units.

Optionally, the delay vector is a conjugate transpose vector of the DFT vector. The DFT conjugate transpose vector may refer to a column vector in a conjugate transpose matrix of a DFT matrix.

Optionally, the delay vector is an oversampled DFT vector. The oversampled DFT vectors may refer to vectors in an oversampled DFT matrix.

It should be understood that the specific form of the upper Wen Duishi vector is exemplary only and should not be construed as limiting the present application in any way. For example, the delay vector may also be taken from the DFT matrix. The present application is not limited to the specific form of the delay vector.

It should also be understood that the delay vector is one form of representation that is proposed herein. The delay vector is named only for the convenience of distinguishing from the angle vector and should not constitute any limitation to the present application. This application does not exclude the possibility of defining other names in future protocols to represent the same or similar meanings.

In downlink transmission, after precoding the reference signal based on the delay vector, the precoded reference signal may be transmitted to the terminal device through a downlink channel, and therefore, a channel measured by the terminal device according to the received precoded reference signal is equivalent to a channel loaded with the delay vector. In other words, the delay vector is loaded onto the reference signal, i.e. onto the channel. Specifically, a plurality of weights in the delay vector are loaded to a plurality of frequency domain units of the channel, and each weight is loaded to one frequency domain unit.

Taking a frequency domain unit as a Resource Block (RB), for example, if the reference signal is precoded based on a delay vector with a length of N, N weights in the delay vector may be loaded on the reference signals loaded on N RBs, that is, N elements in the delay vector are loaded on N RBs, respectively. Delay vector b _k Is loaded to channel V on the nth RB _n Above, for example, can be represented as

It should be appreciated that precoding the reference signal based on the delay vector is similar to spatial precoding, except that the spatial vector (or the angular vector) is replaced with the delay vector.

It should be noted that, performing frequency domain precoding on the reference signal based on the delay vector may be performed before resource mapping or may be performed after resource mapping, which is not limited in this application.

For the sake of understanding, the following detailed description based on the delay vector b in conjunction with FIG. 2 _k And precoding the reference signal.

FIG. 2 shows a delay vector b based method _k Schematic diagram of precoding reference signals carried on N RBs. The N RBs may include, for example, RB #1, RB #2 to RB # N. Each square in the figure represents an RB. Although not shown, it is understood that each RB in the figure may include one or more Resource Elements (REs) for carrying reference signals.

If the delay vector b is to be used _k And the phase rotation is carried out on the N RBs respectively. The N weights in the delay vector may be equal toThe N RBs correspond one to one. For example, the frequency domain vector b _k Element (1) of

Can be loaded on RB #1, the delay vector b _k Element (1) of

Can be loaded on RB #2, delay vector b _k Element (1) of

May be loaded on RB # N. By analogy, the delay vector b _k The nth element of (1)

May be loaded on RB # n. For the sake of brevity, this is not to be enumerated here.

It should be understood that fig. 2 is an example only, showing the delay vector b _k Load to an instance of N RBs. This should not be construed as limiting the application in any way. The N RBs for carrying the reference signal in fig. 2 may be consecutive N RBs, or may be non-consecutive N RBs, which is not limited in this application.

It should also be understood that, for the sake of understanding, the correspondence relationship between the weight values in the delay vector and the frequency domain units is described by taking a delay vector as an example, but this should not limit the present application in any way. The network device may load more delay vectors onto the N RBs.

An example where RB is a frequency domain unit is shown in conjunction with fig. 2. It should be understood, however, that the present application is not limited to the specific definition of frequency domain elements.

The frequency domain unit may be a subband, an RB group (RBG), a precoding resource block group (PRG), or the like, for example. This is not a limitation of the present application.

Optionally, each frequency domain unit is one RB. Each element in the delay vector may be loaded onto one RB. In this case, the length N of the delay vector may be equal to the number of RBs in the wideband. For a delay vector, each weight therein corresponds to an RB.

Optionally, each frequency domain unit is a subband. Each element in the delay vector may be loaded onto one subband. In this case, the length N of the delay vector may be equal to the number of subbands in the wideband. For a delay vector, each weight corresponds to a subband.

4. Reference Signal (RS): also known as pilots (pilots), reference sequences, etc. In the embodiment of the present application, the reference signal may be a reference signal for channel measurement. For example, the reference signal may be a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) used for downlink channel measurement, or may be an SRS used for uplink channel measurement. It should be understood that the above-listed reference signals are only examples and should not constitute any limitation to the present application. This application does not exclude the possibility of defining other reference signals in future protocols to achieve the same or similar functions.

In this embodiment, the network device may perform precoding on the reference signal based on the angle vector and the delay vector, and generate a precoded reference signal, or a precoded reference signal for short. The process of precoding the reference signal based on the angle vector and the delay vector has already been described above, and is not repeated here for brevity.

Since all reference signals involved in the present application are precoded reference signals, for convenience of description, the precoded reference signals are simply referred to as reference signals.

5. Port (port): also known as antenna port (antenna port). In an embodiment of the present application, the ports may include a transmit antenna port, a reference signal port, and a receive port.

The transmit antenna port may refer to an actual transmit unit (TxRU). For example, in downlink transmission, a transmit antenna port may refer to a TxRU of a network device. In the embodiment of the present application, the letter T may be used to indicate the number of transmit antenna ports, T > 1 and is an integer.

The reference signal port may refer to a port corresponding to a reference signal. Since the reference signal is precoded based on the angle vector and the delay vector, the reference signal port may refer to a port of the precoded reference signal. For example, each reference signal port corresponds to one angle vector and one delay vector. In the embodiment of the present application, the letter P can be used to indicate the number of reference signal ports, P ≧ 1 and an integer.

The receiving port may be understood as a receiving antenna of the receiving device. For example, in downlink transmission, a receiving port may refer to a receiving antenna of a terminal device. In the embodiment of the present application, the letter R can be used to indicate the number of receiving ports, R ≧ 1 and an integer.

Corresponding to the receive port, both the transmit antenna port and the reference signal port may be referred to as transmit ports.

6. Transmission bandwidth of reference signal: may refer to a bandwidth for transmitting a reference signal, which is a reference signal used for channel measurement, such as CSI-RS, etc. The transmission bandwidth of the reference signal may be, for example, a total bandwidth of resources of the reference signal transmitted for a certain terminal device, which is described below, e.g., a total bandwidth of resources occupied by precoded reference signal resources of P reference signal ports transmitted for a certain terminal device.

In one possible design, the transmission bandwidth of the reference signal may be a frequency-domain occupied bandwidth of the CSI measurement resource. The Frequency domain occupied bandwidth of the CSI measurement resource may be configured by higher layer signaling, such as CSI-Frequency occupancy bandwidth range (CSI-Frequency occupancy), for example.

It should be understood that the transmission bandwidth of the reference signal is named for convenience of description only and should not constitute any limitation to the present application. This application does not exclude the possibility of other designations being used to express the same or similar meanings.

7. Pilot frequency density: a ratio of Resource Elements (REs) occupied by reference signals of the same reference signal port to the number N of frequency domain elements in the transmission bandwidth of the reference signals. For example, the pilot density of the reference signal of a certain reference signal port is 1, which may indicate that, in the bandwidth occupied by the reference signal of this reference signal port, there is one RE in each RB for carrying the reference signal of this reference signal port; for another example, the pilot density of the reference signal of a certain reference signal port is 0.5, which may indicate that, in the bandwidth occupied by the reference signal of this reference signal port, one RB in every two RBs includes an RE carrying the reference signal of this reference signal port, or that at least one RB is spaced between two RBs for carrying the reference signal of this port.

In the embodiment of the present application, the pilot density may be a value less than or equal to 1. Optionally, the pilot density is 1 or 0.5.

8. A space-frequency matrix: which may be understood as a channel matrix in the frequency domain, may be used to determine the precoding matrix.

In this embodiment of the present application, the space-frequency matrix may be used to determine a downlink channel matrix of each frequency domain unit, and further may determine a precoding matrix corresponding to each frequency domain unit. The channel matrix corresponding to a certain frequency domain unit may be, for example, a conjugate transpose of a matrix constructed from column vectors corresponding to the same frequency domain unit in the space-frequency matrix corresponding to each receiving port. For example, the nth column vector in the space-frequency matrix corresponding to each receiving port is extracted, and the matrix with dimension of T multiplied by R can be obtained by arranging the n column vectors from left to right according to the sequence of the receiving ports, wherein R represents the number of the receiving ports, and R is not less than 1 and is an integer. The channel matrix V of the nth frequency domain unit can be obtained after the matrix is subjected to conjugate transpose _n 。

Channel matrix V of nth frequency domain unit _n Precoding matrices usable for determining the nth frequency domain element, e.g. for the channel matrix V _n Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) is performed to obtain the conjugate transpose of the precoding matrix. Or, the channel matrix V _n Performing SVD by conjugate transpose to obtainTo the precoding matrix.

It should be understood that the method for determining the channel matrix and then the precoding matrix from the space-frequency matrix described above is only one possible implementation manner provided in the present application, and should not constitute any limitation to the present application.

It should also be understood that the space-frequency matrix is an intermediate quantity for determining the precoding matrix. In the process of determining the precoding matrix, the concept of the space-frequency matrix is introduced for convenience of understanding and description, but this does not mean that the space-frequency matrix is necessarily generated. Based on the same concept, those skilled in the art can obtain different forms such as vectors or ordered arrays through different algorithms to replace space-frequency matrices, so as to determine precoding matrices. This is not limited in this application.

The space-frequency matrix can be marked as H, and the space-frequency matrix can satisfy the following conditions: h = FCS ^H . Where F may represent a matrix constructed of one or more delay vectors, S may represent a matrix constructed of one or more angle vectors, and C may represent a matrix constructed of weighting coefficients corresponding to each angle vector and each delay vector.

In the embodiment of the present application, for convenience of understanding and explanation, a matrix F constructed by one or more delay vectors is recorded as a frequency domain weight matrix, a matrix S constructed by one or more angle vectors is recorded as a space domain weight matrix, and a matrix C constructed by weighting coefficients corresponding to each angle vector and each delay vector is recorded as a coefficient matrix.

The coefficient matrix C may be a diagonal matrix K × K, and may be represented as K × K

The frequency domain weight matrix F may be, for example, a matrix with dimension N × K, which may be represented as [ b [ ] ₁ ... b _K ]. The spatial weight matrix S may be, for example, a matrix with dimension T × K, and may be represented as [ a ] ₁ ... a _K ]. Therefore, the space-frequency matrix can satisfy:

it can be seen that each weighting coefficient in the coefficient matrix C corresponds to a delay vector in the frequency domain weight matrix F and an angle vector in the spatial domain weight matrix S. For example, for any integer value K from 1 to K, the element C of the K-th row and the K-th column in the coefficient matrix C _k,k Is the weighting coefficient corresponding to the kth time delay vector in the frequency domain weight matrix F and the kth angle vector in the space domain weight matrix S.

The kth time delay vector in the frequency domain weight matrix F and the kth angle vector in the space domain weight matrix S can be combined to obtain an angle time delay pair, or called, a space-frequency vector pair, a space-frequency pair, and the like. Therefore, K time delay vectors in the frequency domain weight matrix and K angle vectors in the space domain weight matrix can be combined to obtain K angle time delay pairs, and each angle time delay pair comprises an angle vector and a time delay vector. The K angular delay pairs may correspond one-to-one to K weighting coefficients in the coefficient matrix C. E.g. the weighting coefficients C in the coefficient matrix C _k,k The angular delay pair that may correspond to the combination of the kth delay vector and the kth angular vector, i.e., the kth angular delay pair.

The K angle delay pairs are different from each other. Any two angle time delay pairs contain different angle vectors and/or any two angle time delay pairs contain different time delay vectors. Alternatively, any two angular time delays may differ for at least one of: an angle vector and a delay vector. Therefore, it can be understood that one or more repeated delay vectors may exist in the K delay vectors in the frequency domain weight matrix F, and one or more repeated angle vectors may also exist in the K angle vectors in the space domain weight matrix S. In other words, the K angular delay pairs may be obtained by combining one or more mutually different angular vectors and one or more mutually different delay vectors.Delay vector b above ₁ To b ₄ And an angle vector a ₁ To a ₄ The lower subscripts 1 to K in (a) are merely for convenience in distinguishing between the delay vectors and angle vectors corresponding to different angle delay pairs, independent of the delay or angle in the vectors.

It should be understood that the frequency domain weight matrix F, the spatial domain weight matrix S, and the coefficient matrix C listed above are merely examples for ease of understanding. For example, the coefficient matrix C may not be represented in the form of a diagonal matrix. The coefficient matrix C may be represented as a matrix of dimension L × M, for example, where L represents the number of delay vectors, M represents the number of angle vectors, and L, M are positive integers; the frequency domain weight matrix F can be represented as an N × L matrix; the spatial weight matrix S can be represented as a T × M matrix. For any integer value L from 1 to L and any integer value M from 1 to M, the element C in the mth row and mth column in the coefficient matrix C _l,m May correspond to the i-th delay vector of the L delay vectors and the M-th angle vector of the M angle vectors, i.e., weighting coefficients corresponding to the i-th delay vector and the M-th angle vector.

If the coefficient matrix C is expressed as

The frequency domain weight matrix F is denoted as [ b ] ₁ ... b _L ]The space-domain weight matrix S is represented as [ a ] ₁ ... a _M ]Then, the space-frequency matrix H may satisfy:

it can be understood that the L delay vectors in the frequency domain weight matrix F are different from each other, and the M angle vectors in the angle weighting matrix S are also different from each other, and the L delay vectors and the M angle vectors can be combined to obtain L × M angle delay pairs.

It should be understood that the specific forms of the frequency domain weight matrix, the spatial domain weight matrix and the coefficient matrix are only examples for easy understanding, and should not limit the present application in any way. Those skilled in the art can make mathematical transformations or equivalent substitutions for the above listed frequency domain weight matrices, spatial domain weight matrices, and coefficient matrices, such as transforming matrices into vectors, or transforming matrices into ordered arrays, etc., based on the same concept. These mathematical transformations or equivalent substitutions do not constitute an impact on the applicable scope of the method provided in the present application and therefore shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

It should also be understood that those skilled in the art can perform mathematical transformation or equivalent substitution on the above listed relations of the space-frequency matrix and the frequency domain weight matrix, the space domain weight matrix and the coefficient matrix based on the same concept. For example, in another definition, the space-frequency matrix may satisfy: h = SCF ^H And so on. These mathematical transformations or equivalent substitutions do not constitute an impact on the applicable scope of the method provided in the present application and therefore shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

As can be seen from the relationship satisfied by the space-frequency matrix above, the space-frequency matrix can be determined by a weighted sum of one or more angular delay pairs. For example, if the space-frequency matrix H satisfies H = FCS ^H Then the dimension of the space-frequency matrix H may be nxt; if the space-frequency matrix H satisfies H = SCF ^H Then the dimension of the space-frequency matrix H may be T × N.

As can be seen from the above description, the network device may pre-load a plurality of angle delay pairs on the reference signal, or pre-code the reference signal based on the plurality of angle delay pairs. After the reference signal is transmitted to the terminal device via the downlink channel, the terminal device may perform channel estimation based on the received reference signal, and perform full-band accumulation on channel estimation values determined based on the reference signal received in the same frequency domain unit and corresponding to the same angle delay pair, to obtain a weighting coefficient corresponding to the angle delay pair. The terminal device may feed back the weighting coefficients corresponding to the multiple angle delay pairs to the network device, so that the network device reconstructs a downlink channel, and determines a precoding matrix adapted to the downlink channel.

Fig. 3 shows a process of determining a weighting coefficient corresponding to an angular delay pair after the angular delay pair is loaded on N RBs. As shown, the network device may precode the reference signal based on the kth angular delay pair of the K angular delay pairs, i.e., the angle vector a in the kth angular delay pair _k Sum delay vector b _k If the signals are loaded to N RBs shown in fig. 3, channel estimation may be performed on the reference signals received by the N RBs to obtain N estimated values, and the estimated value on the nth RB is recorded as

Then a weighting factor corresponding to the kth angular delay pair can be obtained as

Since the network device precodes and transmits the reference signal individually for each terminal device, the pilot overhead will increase linearly with the number of terminal devices. If the number of terminal devices in a cell is large, the pilot overhead becomes unacceptable.

In view of the above, the present application provides a channel measurement method to reduce pilot overhead.

The channel measurement method provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It should be understood that the following is only for convenience of understanding and explanation, and the method provided by the embodiment of the present application is described in detail by taking the interaction between the network device and the terminal device as an example. This should not constitute any limitation on the subject matter of the implementations of the methods provided herein. For example, the terminal device shown in the following embodiments may be replaced with a component (such as a circuit, a chip system, or other functional modules capable of calling a program and executing the program) configured in the terminal device; the network devices shown in the following embodiments may be replaced with components (such as circuits, chips, systems-on-chip or other functional modules capable of calling programs and executing programs, etc.) in the configuration and network devices. As long as it is possible to realize channel measurement according to the method provided by the embodiment of the present application by running a program recorded with codes of the method provided by the embodiment of the present application.

To avoid confusion, the following definitions are made: k time delay vectors contained in the K angle time delay pairs are used for constructing a frequency domain weight matrix F, and the dimensionality of the constructed frequency domain weight matrix F is NxK; and the K angle time delay pairs comprise K angle vectors which are used for constructing a space domain weight matrix S, and the dimensionality of the constructed space domain weight matrix S is T multiplied by K. The frequency domain unit is an RB. The number of RBs included in the reference signal resource is N.

In addition, for convenience of understanding and explanation, the following embodiments each use a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna port in one polarization direction as an example to describe the channel measurement method provided by the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the channel measurement method provided by the embodiment of the present application is described by taking a receiving port as an example. It is to be understood that, in the following embodiments, there is no limitation on the polarization direction of the transmitting antenna of the network device, and there is no limitation on the number of receiving antenna ports of the terminal device.

If the transmitting antenna of the network device is a multi-polarization antenna, such as a dual-polarization antenna, the angle vector may still be a vector with a length T. The network device may send precoded reference signals corresponding to the same angular delay pair through two transmit antennas in the polarization directions. Satisfies H = FCS ^H Can be expressed as a matrix of dimension N × 2T, satisfying H = SCF ^H The space-frequency matrix of (c) can be expressed as a 2T × N dimensional matrix, and so on.

If there are multiple receiving antenna ports of the terminal device, the terminal device may perform measurement and feedback based on the same method described below. For example, in the following embodiments, the first indication information generated by the terminal device may be used to indicate R groups of weighting coefficients, where each group of weighting coefficients includes K weighting coefficients corresponding to K angular delay pairs.

Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a channel measurement method 400 provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 4, the method 400 may include steps 410 through 450. The various steps in method 400 will be described in detail below with reference to the figures.

In step 410, the network device generates a precoded reference signal.

The network device may precode the reference signal based on the K angular delay pairs to obtain a precoded reference signal. As previously described, the K angular delay pairs include one or more angular vectors and one or more delay vectors. The relationship between the angular delay pairs and the angular vectors and delay vectors has been described in detail above, and for the sake of brevity, this is not repeated here.

The one or more angle vectors and the one or more delay vectors may be stronger one or more angle vectors and stronger one or more delay vectors determined by the network device based on uplink channel measurements based on reciprocity of the uplink and downlink channels. For example, the network device may determine the spatial domain and the frequency domain by DFT of the uplink channel, or may determine the uplink channel by using an existing estimation method, such as Joint Angle and Delay Estimation (JADE) algorithm. This is not a limitation of the present application.

The one or more angle vectors and the one or more delay vectors may also be statistically determined by the network device based on feedback from one or more previous downlink channel measurements. This is not a limitation of the present application.

In this embodiment, in order to reduce the pilot overhead, the network device may reduce the number of RBs loaded per angular delay. For example, each delay vector is loaded to a part of RBs in N RBs, so that RBs loaded with reference signals of the same angular delay pair are distributed discretely in N RBs. That is, each angular delay is a partial RB of the N RBs for the corresponding RB.

As an embodiment, the network device may configure P reference signal ports for each terminal device, where each reference signal port corresponds to Q angle delay pairs, that is, the reference signal configured by the network device for each terminal device may be a precoded reference signal loaded with P × Q angle delay pairs. In other words, the precoded reference signal received by each terminal device corresponds to P reference signal ports, since each reference signal port corresponds to Q angular delay pairs, that is, the precoded reference signal generated by the network device for each terminal device may correspond to P × Q angular delay pairs. If the number of angle delay pairs corresponding to the precoding reference signal generated for each terminal device is denoted as K, K = P × Q.

For each reference signal port, each angle vector in Q angle vectors included in the Q angle delay pairs includes a plurality of spatial domain weights, and the Q angle vectors may be used as Q spatial domain weight vectors for precoding reference signals on N RBs in turn. That is, the Q angle vectors corresponding to one reference signal port are used to precode poll the N RBs.

For each reference signal port, Q delay vectors included in the Q angular delay pairs are used to determine N frequency domain weights, which may correspond to N RBs, so as to precode reference signals carried on the N RBs. That is, N frequency domain weights are determined from Q delay vectors corresponding to one reference signal port. The N frequency domain weights may be extracted from the Q delay vectors.

For ease of understanding, Q angle delay pairs corresponding to one reference signal port are described below in conjunction with fig. 5 and 6. Assume that the reference signal port is the P-th reference signal port of the P reference signal ports, and P is any integer value from 1 to P. The precoded reference signals shown in fig. 5 and 6 are carried over 18 RBs, with 4 angular delay pairs for each reference signal port. Wherein N =18 and Q =4. The 18 RBs may include RB #1 to RB #18.

Fig. 5 shows an example of pilot density D being 1. The pilot density is 1, which means that there is one RE in each RB for carrying the reference signal of the same reference signal port. Although not shown, one RE in each RB is used to carry precoding reference signals of the same reference signal port in each of RB #1 to RB #18. Since each reference signal port may correspond to Q angular delay pairs, Q consecutive RBs corresponding to the same reference signal port may correspond to Q different angular delay pairs, i.e., each Q consecutive RBs corresponding to the same reference signal port may correspond to Q different angular delay pairs, respectively. Therefore, in fig. 5, every consecutive 4 RBs corresponding to the same reference signal port may correspond to 4 different angle delay pairs, respectively.

Assume that the 4 angular delay pairs shown in the figure corresponding to the same reference signal port include (a) ₁ ,b ₁ )、(a ₂ ,b ₂ )、(a ₃ ,b ₃ )、(a ₄ ,b ₄ ). RB #1, RB #5, RB #9, RB #13, RB #17 may correspond to the same angular delay pair (a) ₁ ,b ₁ ) RB #2, RB #6, RB #10, RB #14, RB #18 may correspond to the same angular delay pair (a) ₂ ,b ₂ ) RB #3, RB #7, RB #11, RB #15 may correspond to the same angular delay pair (a) ₃ ,b ₃ ) RB #4, RB #8, RB #12, RB #16 may correspond to the same angular delay pair (a) ₄ ,b ₄ ). It can be seen that the minimum spacing between RBs corresponding to each angular delay pair in fig. 5 is 3 RBs. It can be seen that each angle delay pair corresponds to no more than the number of RBs

And (4) respectively. As in fig. 5, each angular delay pair corresponds to a number of RBs of 4 or 5.

To avoid confusion, (a) in fig. 5 shows that the angle vector a ₁ To a ₄ Example of loading on each RB, and (b) in FIG. 5 shows a delay vector b ₁ To b ₄ Examples loaded onto each RB.

Referring first to (a) in FIG. 5, the angle vector a ₁ Can be loaded on RB #1, RB #5, RB #9, RB #13, RB #17, angle vector a ₂ Can be loaded in RB #2, RB #6, RB #10Angle vector a on RB #14, RB #18 ₃ Can be loaded on RB #3, RB #7, RB #11, RB #15, angle vector a ₄ May be loaded on RB #4, RB #8, RB #12, RB #16. It can be found that the angle vector a is found over 18 RBs arranged in the order of RB #1 to RB #18 ₁ To a ₄ Are loaded onto the RBs in turn, forming a plurality of cycles, i.e. every consecutive 4 RBs corresponding to the same reference signal port may correspond to 4 different angle vectors, respectively.

See also (b) in fig. 5. Delay vector b for N =18 and D =1 ₁ To b ₄ Respectively, as follows:

as shown, the delay vector b ₁ The 1 st weight in (1)

Can be loaded on RB #1, delay vector b ₂ 2 nd weight in (1)

Can be loaded on RB #2, delay vector b ₃ The 3rd weight value of

Can be loaded on RB #3, delay vector b ₄ The 4 th weight in (1)

Can be loaded on RB #4, delay vector b ₁ The 5th weight in (1)

Can be loaded on RB #5, delay vector b ₂ The 6 th weight in (1)

Can be loaded on RB #6, delay vector b ₃ The 7 th weight in (1)

Can be loaded on RB #7, delay vector b ₄ The 8 th weight in (1)

May be loaded on RB #8, and so on, until delay vector b ₂ 18 th weight value of

Is loaded on RB #18, i.e., every consecutive 4 RBs corresponding to the same reference signal port may correspond to 4 different delay vectors, respectively.

As can be seen from the figure, the pilot density D is 1, and the length of the delay vector is N. In the case of N =18, Q =4, of the 18 weights in each delay vector, 1 of every 4 weights is loaded onto one RB. The weights in the 4 delay vectors are loaded onto each RB in turn. That is, every 4 RBs of the 18 RBs form a cycle, and from RB #1 to RB #4, the 4 RBs are loaded in turn respectively taken from the delay vector b ₁ To b ₄ From RB #5 to RB #8, the 4 RBs are loaded in turn respectively from the delay vector b ₁ To b ₄ From RB #9 to RB #12, the 4 RBs are loaded in turn respectively from the delay vector b ₁ To b ₄ 4 rights inThe value, and so on, until 18 RBs are loaded with one frequency domain weight, respectively.

Thus, the 18 RBs are loaded with 4 angular vectors and 4 delay vectors, i.e., with 4 angular delay pairs. It can be seen that in the case of a pilot density of 1, there are at least 3 RBs, i.e., Q-1 RBs, between every two RBs loaded with the same angular delay pair.

For each reference signal port, the network device may load Q angular delay pairs corresponding to the reference signal port onto N RBs based on the method described above.

In an implementation manner, the network device may recombine the frequency domain weight matrix F constructed by the K delay vectors to obtain a new frequency domain weight matrix F

And then based on the frequency domain weight matrix that recombinates and obtains

The reference signal is frequency domain precoded.

In particular, the matrix

And F can satisfy the following conditions:

q =1, … …; q, P =1, … …, P. And Q is Q and end, wherein Q is taken as increment to take value from the qth to the last. For the specific meaning of the function, reference is made to the foregoing description, and details are not described herein for the sake of brevity.

Exemplarily, for the p-th reference signal port, Q is traversed from 1 to Q from the corresponding Q delay vectors, and then N frequency domain weights corresponding to the p-th reference signal port are determined.

Substituting q =1,2, 3, 4 into the matrix, respectively

And F satisfy the following relationship:

when Q =1, extracting the weight value with Q as increment from the 1 st row of the 1 st column in the matrix F, and taking the extracted weight value as the matrix

For example, in the above example, N =18, q =4, the 1 st, 5th, 9 th, 13 th, and 17 th rows of the 1 st column in the matrix F are taken.

When Q =2, extracting the weight value with Q as increment from the 2 nd row of the 2 nd column in the matrix F, and taking the extracted weight value as the matrix

For example, in the above example, the 2 nd row, 6 th row, 10 th row, 14 th row and 18 th row of the 1 st column in the matrix F are taken.

When Q =3, extracting the weight value with Q as increment from the 3rd row of the 3rd column in the matrix F, and taking the extracted weight value as the matrix

For example, in the above example, the 3rd row, 7 th row, 11 th row and 15 th row of the 3rd column in the matrix F are taken.

When Q =4, the weight is extracted in increments of Q starting from the 4 th row of the 4 th column in the matrix F, and the extracted weight is taken as the matrix F

For example, in the above example, the 4 th row, 8 th row, 12 th row and 16 th row of the 4 th column in the matrix F are taken.

For example, from a delay vector b ₁ To b ₄ It can be determined that the N frequency domain weights corresponding to the N RBs are sequentially and respectively:

based on the same method as described above, the network device may determine N × P frequency domain weights corresponding to P reference signal ports from K delay vectors. The NxP frequency domain weights may construct an NxP dimensional matrix, i.e., a matrix

Is an NxP dimensional matrix.

Network device matrix-based

When the reference signal is pre-coded in frequency domain, the matrix

The weight values of the nth row and the pth column in (b) are loaded on the nth RB corresponding to the pth reference signal port.

It should be appreciated that the matrices are reorganized based on matrix F

And then, performing frequency domain precoding on the reference signal is only one possible implementation manner, and should not constitute any limitation to the present application. In the actual implementation, the matrix

May not necessarily be generated. The above-described process can be implemented by different algorithms based on the same concept by those skilled in the art. This is not a limitation of the present application.

When the network device performs spatial precoding on the reference signal, the spatial weight vector used may also be determined based on the port of the reference signal and the RB number. The spatial weight vector used by the nth RB corresponding to the pth reference signal port may be the (p-1) Q + (n-1)% Q +1 of the K angular vectors.

In combination with the above example, Q =4 and N =18, when p =1 and N =1, the corresponding spatial weight vector is the 1 st angular vector in the K angular vectors; when p =1, n =2, the corresponding airspace weight vector is the 2 nd angular vector in the K angular vectors; when p =1, n =3, the corresponding airspace weight vector is the 3rd angular vector in the K angular vectors; when p =1, n =4, the corresponding spatial domain weight vector is the 4 th angular vector in the K angular vectors; when p =1, n =5, the corresponding spatial domain weight vector is the 1 st angular vector in the K angular vectors; when p =1, n =6, the corresponding spatial domain weight vector is the 2 nd angular vector in the K angular vectors; when p =1, n =7, the corresponding airspace weight vector is the 3rd angular vector in the K angular vectors; when p =1, n =8, the corresponding spatial domain weight vector is the 4 th angular vector in the K angular vectors; and so on. It can be seen that the 1 st to 4 th angular vectors of the K angular vectors can be loaded onto N RBs in turn.

In the foregoing, for convenience of understanding, the process of loading a plurality of angle delay pairs corresponding to each reference signal port on the reference signal in the embodiment of the present application is described with reference to specific examples. However, these examples are only shown for convenience of understanding, and the above-listed correspondence relationship between each spatial domain weight vector and each frequency domain weight and each reference signal port and each RB, and the formulas and the like shown for convenience of understanding these correspondence relationships are only examples. Various possible mathematical transformations or equivalent substitutions of the above equations may be made by those skilled in the art based on the same concepts. Such mathematical transformations or equivalent substitutions are intended to fall within the scope of the present application.

For a better understanding of the present embodiment, the following description is made with reference to an example. Fig. 6 shows an example of the pilot density D being 0.5. The pilot density is 0.5, which means that there is one RE in each two RBs to carry the reference signal of the same reference signal port. For the sake of convenience of distinction, in the figure, RBs carrying precoding reference signals are shown as squares of a padding pattern, and RBs not carrying precoding reference signals are shown as blank squares. It should be understood that fig. 6 shows RBs carrying precoded reference signals for only one reference signal port. In the case where there are a plurality of reference signal ports, it is also possible that the precoded reference signals corresponding to some of the reference signal ports are carried on RBs shown by blank squares in the figure. In addition, although the RE in each RB is not shown in the figure, it is understood that every other RB in RB #1 to RB #18 in the figure includes one RE for carrying the reference signal of the same reference signal port. As shown in the figure, RB #1, RB #3, RB #5, RB #7, RB #9, RB #11, RB #13, RB #15, and RB #17 are used to carry the reference signal of the same reference signal port, and the other RBs are not used to carry the reference signal of the reference signal port. The illustration is only for illustration, and the reference signals of the same reference signal port may be carried by 9 RBs RB #2, RB #4, RB #6, RB #8, RB #10, RB #12, RB #14, RB #16, and RB #18. And are not limited herein.

Since each reference signal port may correspond to Q angular delay pairs, consecutive Q/D RBs corresponding to the same reference signal port may correspond to Q different angular delay pairs. Therefore, in fig. 6, consecutive 8 RBs corresponding to the same reference signal port may correspond to 4 different pairs of angular delays.

Assume that the 4 angular delay pairs shown in the figure corresponding to the same reference signal port include (a) ₁ ,b ₁ )、(a ₂ ,b ₂ )、(a ₃ ,b ₃ )、(a ₄ ,b ₄ ). Then RB #1, RB #9, RB #17 may correspond to the same angular delay pair (a) ₁ ,b ₁ ) RB #3, RB #11 may correspond to the same angular delay pair (a) ₂ ,b ₂ ) RB #5 and RB #13 may correspond to the same angular delay pair (a) ₃ ,b ₃ ) RB #7 and RB #15 may correspond to the same angular delay pair (a) ₄ ,b ₄ )。

The loading of the angle vectors onto different RBs is shown in fig. 6. It can be found that the angle vector a is found over 18 RBs arranged in the order of RB #1 to RB #18 ₁ To a ₄ Are loaded onto 9 of the RBs for carrying reference signals in turn, forming a plurality of cycles.

In the case of N =18, D =0.5, the delay vector may be a length 9 vector. The frequency domain weight vector for frequency domain weighting may be, for example, a slave delay vector b ₁ To b ₄ Or by a slave delay vector b ₁ To b ₄ And reconstructing partial weight value extracted from the vector.

The following shows the delay vector b ₁ To b ₄ Reconstructed frequency domain weight vector b ₁ ' to b ₄ An example of the' is. According to the loaded interval between RBs, the slave delay vector b ₁ To b ₄ Extracting corresponding weight value to obtain frequency domain weight value vector b ₁ ' to b ₄ ' are respectively represented as follows:

then, as shown in fig. 6, the delay vector b ₁ ' the 1 st weight

Can be loaded on RB #1, delay vector b ₂ ' the 2 nd weight of

Can be loaded on RB #3, delay vector b ₃ ' the 3rd weight value

Can be loaded on RB #5, delay vector b ₄ ' the 4 th weight of

Can be loaded on RB #7, delay vector b ₁ ' of the 5th weight

Can be loaded on RB #9, delay vector b ₂ ' the 6 th weight of

Can be loaded on RB #11, delay vector b ₃ ' the 7 th weight of

Can be loaded on RB #13, delay vector b ₄ ' of the 8 th weight

Can be loaded on RB #15, delay vector b ₁ ' the 9 th weight of

Is loaded on RB #17.

As can be seen from the figure, the pilot density D is 0.5, and the length of the delay vectorIs N/2. In the case of N =18, Q =4, of the 9 weights in each delay vector, 1 of every 4 weights is loaded onto one RB. The weights in the 4 delay vectors are loaded onto each RB in turn. That is, every 4 RBs of the 18 RBs form a loop. Starting from

RB #

1, 4 RBs RB #1, RB #3, RB #5, RB #7 are loaded in turns, which are respectively taken from the frequency domain weight vector b ₁ ' to b ₄ 4 weights in'; RB #9, RB #11, RB #13, RB #15 are loaded in turn with weight vectors b from the frequency domain ₁ ' to b ₄ 4 weights in'; RB #17 is the last RB corresponding to the same reference signal port, RB #17 is loaded with weight vectors b taken from the frequency domain ₁ 1 weight of'. Thus, of the 18 RBs, 1 RB is loaded to one frequency domain weight every 1 RB.

Thus, the 18 RBs are loaded with 4 angular vectors and 4 delay vectors, i.e., with 4 angular delay pairs. It can be seen that in the case of a pilot density D of 0.5, there are at least 7 RBs, i.e., Q/D-1 RBs, between every two RBs carrying the same angular delay pair.

Of course, under the condition that the pilot density D is not 1, the network device may still recombine the frequency domain weight matrix F to obtain the frequency domain weight matrix based on the method described above

Further based on the frequency domain weight matrix obtained by recombination

The reference signal is frequency domain precoded. The specific process is the same as that described above, and for brevity, the description is omitted here.

In addition, the spatial weight vector used by the network device to spatially precode the reference signal may also be determined based on the above-described method. The spatial weight vector used by the nth RB corresponding to the pth reference signal port may be the (p-1) Q + (n-1)% Q +1 angular vector of the K angular vectors. The specific process is the same as that described above, and for brevity, the description is omitted here.

It should be understood that, for ease of understanding only, the Q angle delay pairs corresponding to one reference signal port and how to load the Q angle delay pairs onto the N RBs are described in detail by taking the pilot density D as 1 and 0.5, respectively, as an example. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that for any value of the pilot density, the network device may perform spatial and frequency domain precoding on the reference signal based on the above-described method.

In addition, as can be seen from the two examples illustrated above, the RBs corresponding to the same angular delay pair are arranged at intervals of Q/D-1 RBs. The network device may configure the values of Q and/or D such that the value of Q/D is an integer.

It should also be understood that although the process of spatial and frequency domain precoding of the reference signals of one reference signal port by the network device is described in detail above in conjunction with fig. 5 and 6. This should not be construed as limiting the application in any way. The same RB may correspond to multiple reference signal ports for carrying reference signals of the multiple reference signal ports. The plurality of reference signal ports may multiplex resources of the N RBs by, for example, frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM), time Division Multiplexing (TDM), code Division Multiplexing (CDM), or the like. This is not a limitation of the present application.

The values of D, Q, N and the like described above are examples, and should not be construed as limiting the present application in any way.

In step 420, the network device sends a precoded reference signal. Accordingly, in step 420, the terminal device receives the precoded reference signal.

The network device may transmit the precoded reference signal to the terminal device over the preconfigured reference signal resources. The process of the network device sending the precoded reference signal to the terminal device may be the same as the prior art, and for brevity, detailed description is omitted here.

It can be understood that, the network device sends reference signals of P reference signal ports, and the terminal device can receive the reference signals of P reference signal ports.

In step 430, the terminal device generates first indication information indicating K weighting coefficients corresponding to the K angular delay pairs.

The terminal device may perform channel estimation based on the precoded reference signals received in step 420 to obtain channel estimation values corresponding to the reference signal ports on each RB. In this embodiment of the present application, each reference signal port corresponds to Q angle delay pairs, and the terminal device may determine Q weighting coefficients based on the precoded reference signal of each reference signal port. Then P × Q weighting coefficients, i.e., K weighting coefficients, may be determined for P reference signal ports.

When determining the K weighting coefficients, the terminal device needs to determine in advance the number P of reference signal ports, the number Q of angle delay pairs corresponding to each reference signal port, and to which RBs each angle delay pair is loaded. That is, the D value, Q value, and P value need to be known in advance.

The pilot density D and the reference signal port number P may be indicated through existing signaling, for example, through configuration signaling of reference signal resources.

In this embodiment, Q and P may satisfy: since K = P × Q, the terminal device only needs to know the values of any two items of K, P, Q.

One possible scenario is that Q may be a fixed value. Optionally, Q is a predefined value, e.g., the protocol predefines the Q value. In this case, the network device only needs to indicate the D value and the P value through existing signaling, and the terminal device can determine the D value, the P value, and the Q value.

Another possibility is that Q may be flexibly configured. Optionally, the method further comprises: the network device transmits third indication information indicating the value of Q. Accordingly, the terminal device receives the third indication information. In other words, the third indication information is used for the terminal device to determine the value of Q.

The indication about Q may be an explicit indication or an implicit indication.

For example, the network device and the terminal device have agreed in advance a correspondence between multiple possible values of Q and multiple indexes, and the network device may indicate the index corresponding to the current Q value through the third indication information to indicate the Q value.

Or, the network device and the terminal device have agreed in advance the correspondence between the multiple possible values of K/P and the multiple indexes, and the network device may indirectly indicate the value of Q by indicating the ratio of K to P currently used through the third indication information.

For another example, the protocol may predefine a correspondence between multiple possible values of Q and multiple values of the transmission bandwidth of the reference signal. For example, when the transmission bandwidth of the reference signal is 20 mega (M), Q =8; when the transmission bandwidth of the reference signal is 10M, Q =4, and so on. The network device may implicitly indicate the Q value currently configured to the terminal device by indicating the bandwidth currently allocated to the terminal device by the third indication information. In this case, the third indication information may be, for example, existing configuration signaling about the transmission bandwidth of the reference signal. For example, the signaling may be CSI-Frequency occupancy.

For another example, the network device may directly indicate the value of Q or indicate the value of Q-1 through the third indication information.

For another example, the network device may indirectly indicate the value of Q by indicating the value of K through the third indication information.

It should be understood that the third indication information may be, for example, an existing signaling, or may be carried in the existing signaling, or may be a newly added signaling. This is not a limitation of the present application.

Of course, the network device may also indicate the value of one or more of D, K, P, Q through an additional signaling. This is not limited by the present application.

After determining the D value, the P value, and the Q value, the terminal device may determine the K weighting coefficients. In this embodiment, each of the K weighting coefficients may be determined by a precoding reference signal received on an RB corresponding to the same angle delay pair in the N RBs, and specifically may be obtained by accumulating and summing up channel estimation values on the RBs corresponding to the same angle delay pair. As described above, each angle delay pair corresponds to a RB that is a partial RB of N RBs, that is, each angle delay pair corresponds to a weighting coefficient obtained by cumulatively summing up channel estimation values on the partial RBs of N RBs, without cumulatively summing up channel estimation values on the N RBs.

The following description will be made by taking the example shown in fig. 5. The terminal device may receive the corresponding angular delay pairs (a) on RB #1, RB #5, RB #9, RB #13, RB #17 ₁ ,b ₁ ) Corresponding to the angular delay pair (a) is received at RB #2, RB #6, RB #10, RB #14, RB #18 ₂ ,b ₂ ) Corresponding to the angular delay pair (a) is received at RB #3, RB #7, RB #11, RB #15 ₃ ,b ₃ ) Corresponding to the angular delay pair (a) received at RB #4, RB #8, RB #12, RB #16 ₄ ,b ₄ ) The precoded reference signals. As mentioned previously, the 4 angular delay pairs (a) described above ₁ ,b ₁ )、(a ₂ ,b ₂ )、(a ₃ ,b ₃ )、(a ₄ ,b ₄ ) Corresponding to the p-th reference signal port. Therefore, the terminal device can receive the precoded reference signals corresponding to the same reference signal port on RB #1 to RB #18.

The weighting factor corresponding to each angle delay pair may be determined by the channel estimation value of the precoding reference signal corresponding to the angle delay pair, and specifically, the channel estimation values on the RBs to which the angle delay pair is loaded may be summed up. Each reference signal port in fig. 5 corresponds to 4 angle delay pairs, so that the terminal device performs channel estimation on the precoded reference signal of each reference signal port, and can obtain a weighting coefficient corresponding to the 4 angle delay pairs.

As shown in fig. 5, the angular delay is paired with (a) ₁ ,b ₁ ) The corresponding weighting coefficients may be determined based on the precoding reference signals received on RB #1, RB #5, RB #9, RB #13, RB #17. The terminal device is based on the corresponding angular delay pairs (a) received on RB #1, RB #5, RB #9, RB #13, RB #17 ₁ ,b ₁ ) The channel estimation is performed on the precoded reference signals, and 5 channel estimation values can be obtained. The cumulative sum of the 5 channel estimates is the angular delay pair (a) ₁ ,b ₁ ) The corresponding weighting coefficients.

Angle time delay pair (a) ₂ ,b ₂ ) The corresponding weighting coefficients may be determined based on the precoding reference signals received on RB #2, RB #6, RB #10, RB #14, RB #18. The terminal device responds to the angular delay pairs (a) received on RB #2, RB #6, RB #10, RB #14, RB #18 ₂ ,b ₂ ) The channel estimation is performed on the precoded reference signals, and 5 channel estimation values can be obtained. The cumulative sum of the 5 channel estimation values is the angle time delay pair (a) ₂ ,b ₂ ) The corresponding weighting coefficients.

Similarly, the angular delay pair (a) ₃ ,b ₃ ) The corresponding weighting coefficients may be the cumulative sum of 4 channel estimation values determined based on the precoding reference signals received on RB #3, RB #7, RB #11, RB #15; angle time delay pair (a) ₄ ,b ₄ ) The corresponding weighting coefficients may be the cumulative sum of 4 channel estimation values determined based on the precoded reference signals received over RB #4, RB #8, RB #12, RB #16.

Fig. 7 shows the corresponding relationship between each RB and the weighting coefficient of each angular delay pair in fig. 5. As shown in the figure, the channel estimation values determined based on the precoding reference signals received at RB #1, RB #5, RB #9, RB #13, and RB #17 are:

accumulating the 5 channel estimation valuesSumming to obtain the angle delay pair (a) ₁ ,b ₁ ) The corresponding weighting coefficients. Therefore, the angle delay is paired with (a) ₁ ,b ₁ ) Corresponding weighting coefficient c _p,1 Can satisfy the following conditions:

wherein, the lower corner mark p,1 represents the 1 st angle delay pair corresponding to the p-th reference signal port; the superscript n denotes the nth RB, Γ ₁ Representing RB, e.g., Γ, loaded with the 1 st angular delay pair corresponding to the p-th reference signal port ₁ Including RB #1, RB #5, RB #9, RB #13, RB #17.

The channel estimation values determined based on the precoding reference signals received on RB #2, RB #6, RB #10, RB #14, RB #18 are:

the 5 channel estimation values are accumulated and summed to obtain the angle time delay pair (a) ₂ ,b ₂ ) The corresponding weighting coefficients. Therefore, the angle delay is paired with (a) ₂ ,b ₂ ) Corresponding weighting coefficient c _p,2 Can satisfy the following conditions:

wherein, the lower corner mark p,2 represents the 1 st angle delay pair corresponding to the p-th reference signal port; gamma-shaped ₂ Representing RB, e.g., Γ, loaded with the 2 nd angular delay pair corresponding to the above-mentioned pth reference signal port ₂ Including RB #2, RB #6, RB #10, RB #14, RB #18.

Based on the same method, the terminal equipment can determine the angle time delay pair (a) ₃ ,b ₃ ) Corresponding weighting coefficient c _p,4 Can satisfy the following conditions:

angle time delay pair (a) ₄ ,b ₄ ) Corresponding weighting coefficient c _p,4 Can satisfy the following conditions:

wherein, the lower corner mark p,3 represents the 3rd angle time delay pair corresponding to the p-th reference signal port; gamma-shaped ₃ Representing RBs loaded with a 3rd angular delay pair corresponding to the above-mentioned p-th reference signal port, e.g. Γ ₃ Including RB #3, RB #7, RB #11, RB #15; the lower corner mark p,4 represents the 4 th angle delay pair corresponding to the p-th reference signal port; gamma-shaped ₄ Representing RBs loaded with a 4 th angular delay pair corresponding to the above-mentioned p-th reference signal port, e.g. Γ ₄ Including RB #4, RB #8, RB #12, RB #16.

Thus, the terminal device can determine 4 weighting coefficients corresponding to the p-th reference signal port.

Based on the same method, the terminal device may traverse the values of the P values from 1 to P to obtain Q weighting coefficients corresponding to each reference signal port. Therefore, the terminal device can determine P × Q weighting coefficients, i.e., K weighting coefficients. If the K weighting coefficients are expressed by a matrix, the K weighting coefficients can be expressed as a coefficient matrix C as follows:

wherein C in the coefficient matrix C _p,q A weighting coefficient corresponding to a qth one of the P reference signal ports, of the Q-angle delay pairs corresponding to the qth reference signal port, may be represented.

If the coefficient matrix C is represented as a P × Q dimensional matrix, each row of the matrix corresponds to one reference signal port, and each row includes a weighting coefficient of Q angle delay pairs corresponding to the reference signal port. If the coefficient matrix C is expressed as a Q × P dimensional matrix, each column of the matrix corresponds to a reference signal port, and each column includes a weighting coefficient of Q angular delay pairs corresponding to the reference signal port.

The feedback of the terminal device to the K weighting coefficients can be reported in sequence according to a reporting rule indicated by the network device. Optionally, the method further comprises: and the network equipment sends second indication information, wherein the second indication information is used for indicating the reporting rule. Accordingly, the terminal device receives the second indication information.

After the network device indicates the reporting rule to the terminal device through the second indication information, the terminal device may generate the first indication information based on the reporting rule, and then in step 440, send the first indication information to the network device.

The following first describes different reporting rules in detail with reference to specific examples.

For example, one possible reporting rule is to report Q weighting coefficients corresponding to each reference signal port in sequence from the 1 st reference signal port to the pth reference signal port. Namely, values of P are sequentially taken from 1 to P, and for each value of P, Q corresponding weighting coefficients are reported,

taking the example that the coefficient matrix C is represented as the above-mentioned dimension P × Q matrix, the terminal device may report the Q weighting coefficients in each row in sequence from row 1 to row P. For example according to c _1,1 、c _1,2 、……、c _1,Q 、c _2,1 、c _2,2 、……、c _2,Q 、……、c _P,1 、c _P,2 、……、c _P,Q Sequentially reporting the K weighting coefficients.

Another possible reporting rule is that the weighting coefficients of the 1 st angular delay pair corresponding to the P reference signal ports are reported first, then the weighting coefficients of the 2 nd angular delay pair corresponding to the P reference signal ports are reported, and so on, until finally the weighting coefficients of the Q th angular delay pair corresponding to the P reference signal ports are reported. That is, values of Q are sequentially taken from 1 to Q, and for each value of Q, corresponding P weighting coefficients are reported.

Taking the example that the coefficient matrix C is represented as the above-mentioned P × Q dimensional matrix, the terminal device may report the P weighting coefficients in each column in sequence from the 1 st column to the Q th column. For example according to c _1,1 、c _2,1 、……、c _P,1 、c _1,2 、c _2,2 、……、c _P,2 、……、c _1,Q 、c _2,Q 、……、c _P,Q The K weighting coefficients are reported in sequence.

The reporting of the K weighting coefficients by the terminal device may be performed using a quantization value, an index of the quantization value, or other forms. This is not a limitation of the present application.

In a possible implementation manner, the terminal device may perform normalization processing on the K weighting coefficients, and quantize and report a result after the normalization processing. The normalization process is a process of controlling the amplitude values of all the weighting coefficients within a range not exceeding 1 in the range of the normalization unit.

For example, the terminal device may perform normalization processing with the weighting coefficient having the largest magnitude among the K weighting coefficients as a reference. The terminal device may divide the amplitudes of the other weighting coefficients except the weighting coefficient with the largest amplitude by the amplitude of the weighting coefficient with the largest amplitude, respectively, to obtain a ratio corresponding to each weighting coefficient. After normalization, the amplitude of the weighting coefficient with the maximum amplitude is normalized to 1, and the other weighting coefficients are respectively the ratio of the respective weighting coefficient to the maximum amplitude. The terminal device may generate the first indication information according to the reporting rule described above based on the quantized value of each normalized result. The terminal device may indicate, through the first indication information, the position of the weighting coefficient of the maximum amplitude, for example, the row and column in the maximum amplitude of the coefficient matrix, and may indicate the quantization values corresponding to the remaining weighting coefficients through the first indication information.

Yet another embodimentFor example, the terminal device may assign the 1 st weighting factor of the K weighting factors, e.g., C in the coefficient matrix C described above _1,1 Normalization processing is performed as a reference. The specific processing is similar to that described above and will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity. Since it is predefined that normalization processing is performed with the 1 st weighting coefficient of the K weighting coefficients as a reference, the terminal device may directly indicate quantized values corresponding to the remaining weighting coefficients without indicating the position of the weighting coefficient as a reference when the K weighting coefficients are indicated by the first indication information.

In fact, the terminal device may perform normalization processing on the K weighting coefficients with reference to any one of the K weighting coefficients. Specific implementations are described above with reference to which, for the sake of brevity, are not repeated here.

It should be understood that, when the terminal device indicates the K weighting coefficients through the quantized values after the normalization process, it is not necessary that all the quantized values of the K weighting coefficients are actually indicated to the network device. For example, in the above example, the quantized value of the weighting factor as the reference may not be indicated, but the network device may still recover the K weighting factors according to the information indicated by the terminal device. The first indication information can be considered to indicate K weighting coefficients.

As can be seen from the foregoing description in conjunction with fig. 2, when the network device generates the precoding reference signal, each angle delay pair may be loaded to each RB of the N RBs, and when the terminal device determines the weighting coefficient corresponding to each angle delay pair, the terminal device performs full-band accumulation on the channel estimation values obtained on the N RBs, that is, performs accumulation and summation on the N channel estimation values. This method may coexist with the method provided in this embodiment. The network device may select one of the current resource usage and the number of terminal devices to perform downlink channel measurement, for example. In other words, the precoded reference signal sent by the network device may be a reference signal of K reference signal ports corresponding to K angular delay pairs, each angular delay pair being loaded onto N RBs; it is also possible that each reference signal port corresponds to Q angular delay pairs, each angular delay pair being loaded onto a fraction of the N RBs.

However, since the terminal device is not aware of the specific implementation manner of the network device for generating the precoded reference signal, the terminal device does not know whether one reference signal port corresponds to one angle delay pair or multiple angle delay pairs, or whether the angle delay pairs loaded at the same position on the N RBs by the network device are the same angle delay pair or different delay pairs, that is, the terminal device does not know whether the received precoded reference signal is generated as shown in fig. 2 or generated as shown in fig. 5 or fig. 6. Therefore, the terminal device does not know whether to perform full-band accumulation on the channel estimation values of N RBs or perform accumulation and summation on the channel estimation values of partial RBs of the N RBs when determining an angular delay to correspond to the weighting coefficient.

In one implementation, the network device may pre-configure the behavior of the terminal device through signaling. For example, the network device may notify the terminal device through signaling, and when determining an angle delay to correspond to the weighting coefficient, perform full-band accumulation on the channel estimation values on N RBs, or perform accumulated summation on every other RB of the N RBs.

In another implementation, the network device may be implicitly indicated by the Q value. For example, if the network device indicates that the Q value is 1, it indicates that the minimum interval between two RBs corresponding to the same angular delay pair is 0, that is, the RBs corresponding to the same angular delay pair are continuously distributed in N RBs, and the weighting coefficients corresponding to the angular delay pair may be determined by performing full-band accumulation on the channel estimation values on the N RBs. If the network device indicates that the Q value is greater than 1, it indicates that the minimum interval between two RBs corresponding to the same angle delay pair is 1 RB, that is, the RBs corresponding to the same angle delay pair are discontinuously distributed in N RBs, and the cumulative sum of channel estimation values may be performed on every Q/D-1 RB of the N RBs.

There may be many ways for the network device to indicate whether the Q value is greater than 1. For example, by 1 indicator bit, such as "1" for greater than 1, "0" for equal to 1; also for example by indicating a specific value of Q, which has been explained in detail above and which is not repeated here for the sake of brevity.

Further, as described above, the Q value may also be a fixed value. In this case, the system may agree to precode the reference signals and perform channel measurements as described above.

In step 440, the terminal device transmits first indication information. Accordingly, the network device receives the first indication information.

The first indication information may be, for example, channel State Information (CSI), a partial cell in the CSI, or other information. Exemplarily, the first indication information is a Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI). This is not a limitation of the present application. The first indication information may be carried in one or more messages in the prior art and sent by the terminal device to the network device, or may be carried in one or more newly designed messages and sent by the terminal device to the network device. The terminal device may send the first indication information to the network device through a physical uplink resource, such as a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) or a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), for example, so that the network device determines the precoding matrix based on the first indication information.

The specific method for the terminal device to send the first indication information to the network device through the physical uplink resource may be the same as that in the prior art, and a detailed description of a specific process of the terminal device is omitted here for brevity.

In step 450, the network device determines a precoding matrix corresponding to each frequency domain unit according to the first indication information.

The network device may restore K weighting coefficients corresponding to the K angle delay pairs based on the received first indication information, and may further determine a precoding matrix in combination with the frequency domain weighting matrix F and the space domain weighting matrix S used for precoding before.

For example, the network device may obtain Q weighting coefficients corresponding to each reference signal port of the P reference signal ports based on a rule that the terminal device reports K weighting coefficients. The network device may generate a K × K diagonal matrix based on the K weighting coefficients, where K elements on a diagonal in the K × K diagonal matrix are the K weighting coefficients. The K weighting coefficients correspond to the K time delay vectors in the frequency domain weighting matrix F and the K angle vectors in the spatial domain weighting matrix S one to one. Thus, the network device may determine the space-frequency matrix H as shown in the following equation:

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

element (1) of

Represents the recovery value, the diagonal matrix

May be K weighting coefficients recovered by the network device

To

And constructing a K multiplied by K dimensional diagonal matrix. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,

and c above _p,q Can be determined by the following formula: k = (p-1) × Q + Q. For example,

may correspond to c above _1,1 ，

May correspond to c in the above _1,2 ，

May correspond to c above _P,Q . For the sake of brevity, this is not to be enumerated here.

After determining the space-frequency matrix H, the network device may determine the precoding applicable to each RB according to the downlink channel corresponding to each RB. Here, the precoding matrix corresponding to an RB may refer to a precoding matrix determined based on a channel matrix corresponding to the RB with the RB as granularity, or a precoding matrix determined based on a precoding reference signal received on the RB, and may be used to precode data transmitted through the RB. The downlink channel corresponding to the RB may be a downlink channel determined based on a precoding reference signal received on the RB, and may be used to determine a precoding matrix corresponding to the RB.

It should be understood that the above-described calculation formula for determining the space-frequency matrix H is only one possible implementation manner provided in the present application, and should not constitute any limitation to the present application. A person skilled in the art can make a mathematical transformation or equivalent substitution based on the same concept to determine the space-frequency matrix H. In addition, the space-frequency matrix H is not necessarily generated, and those skilled in the art can directly obtain the precoding matrix corresponding to each RB by using different algorithms.

Based on the above technical solution, the network device may load K angular delay pairs to a part of RBs in the N RBs, so that the number of RBs loaded to one angular delay pair is reduced. If each angle delay pair is loaded on N RBs, N RBs are needed to bear a precoding reference signal corresponding to one angle delay pair; however, if each angle delay pair is loaded to a part of RBs in the N RBs, the N RBs originally used for carrying one angle delay pair may be used for carrying precoding reference signals corresponding to more angle delay pairs. Under the condition that the number K of the angle time delay pairs is constant, the pilot frequency overhead can be reduced. Under the condition that the number of terminal devices is increased sharply, pilot frequency overhead can be reduced by adjusting the logarithm Q of the angle delay corresponding to each reference signal port, so that effective frequency spectrum resources are fully utilized.

Correspondingly, in the embodiment of the present application, the terminal device may also determine the weighting coefficient corresponding to the angle delay pair according to the channel estimation value on the RB loaded with the same angle delay pair, so as to reduce the amount of calculation of the terminal device.

Meanwhile, the configuration of the reference signal port in the prior art can still be used in the embodiment of the present application. That is, the time-frequency resources configured as the same reference signal port are used to carry the precoded reference signal corresponding to the Q angular delay pairs. The terminal device does not need to sense the specific process of generating the pre-coding reference signal by the network device, and only needs to determine how to calculate the weighting coefficient corresponding to each angle delay pair according to the Q value. Therefore, the compatibility is strong, and the realization is flexible and convenient.

Fig. 8 is a schematic flow chart diagram of a channel measurement method 800 according to another embodiment of the present application. Unlike the method shown in fig. 4 above, the reference signal ports in the channel measurement method shown in fig. 8 correspond one-to-one to the angular delays. That is, the number of reference signal ports P is equal to the logarithm of angular delay K. The precoded reference signals corresponding to the same reference signal port are distributed discretely over N RBs.

As shown in fig. 8, the method 800 may include steps 810 through 850. The method shown in fig. 8 will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In step 810, the network device generates a precoded reference signal.

The network device may precode the reference signal based on the K angular delay pairs to obtain a precoded reference signal. As previously described, the K angular delay pairs include one or more angular vectors and one or more delay vectors. The relationships between the angle delay pairs and the angle vectors, the delay vectors, and the determination method of the K angle delay pairs have been described above, and are not repeated here for the sake of brevity.

To reduce pilot overhead, the network device may reduce the number of RBs loaded per angular delay pair, such that the RBs corresponding to each angular delay pair are partial RBs of the N RBs. For example, in the case of a pilot density D of 1, each angular delay pair may be distributed with Q-1 spacing for the corresponding RBs. Alternatively, each angular delay may be distributed with Q/D-1 spacing for the corresponding RB. That is, one RB in each Q/D RBs of the N RBs corresponds to the same angle delay pair. The minimum spacing between any two RBs corresponding to the same angular delay pair is Q/D-1 RB.

As an embodiment, the network device may configure K reference signal ports for each terminal device, where each reference signal port corresponds to an angle delay pair. That is, the reference signal configured by the network device for each terminal device may be a precoded reference signal loaded with K angular delay pairs. In other words, the precoded reference signals received by each terminal device correspond to K reference signal ports. Since the network device loads each angular delay pair to a part of the RBs of the N RBs, and each reference signal port corresponds to one angular delay pair, each reference signal port is also discretely distributed over the N RBs. That is, the RBs corresponding to each reference signal port may be distributed at intervals of Q/D-1. The minimum spacing between any two RBs corresponding to the same reference signal port is Q/D-1 RB.

Fig. 9 shows an example in which a plurality of reference signal ports are distributed over N RBs. As shown in fig. 9, N =18, q =4, d =1. The 18 RBs may include RB #1 to RB #18. Although not shown, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that in the case of the pilot density D being 1, each RB in the figure has one RE for carrying the precoded reference signal of the same reference signal port.

Fig. 9 shows precoded reference signals for 4 reference signal ports, which 4 reference signal ports may be denoted as port #1 to port #4. Different fill patterns in the figure represent different reference signal ports. Therein, port #1 may correspond to an angular delay pair (a) ₁ ,b ₁ ) In the figure, the data is carried on RB #1, RB #5, RB #9, RB #13, and RB #17 among the 18 RBs. Port #2 may correspond to an angular delay pair (a) ₂ ,b ₂ ) And is carried on RB #2, RB #6, RB #10, RB #14, RB #18 among the 18 RBs in the figure. Port #3 may correspond to an angular delay pair (a) ₃ ,b ₃ ) And is carried on RB #3, RB #7, RB #11, RB #15 among the 18 RBs in the figure. Port #4 may correspond to an angular delay pair (a) ₄ ,b ₄ ) And is carried on RB #4, RB #8, RB #12, RB #16 among the 18 RBs in the figure. It can be seen that the minimum spacing between RBs corresponding to each reference signal port in fig. 9 is 3 RBs.

Since each reference signal port corresponds to an angle delay pair, the precoding of the precoded reference signal corresponding to each reference signal port may be determined by one angle delay pair. Specifically, the precoding of the precoded reference signal corresponding to each reference signal port may include one spatial domain weight vector and one frequency domain weight vector. Each space domain weight vector is one angle vector in K angle time delay pairs, and each frequency domain weight vector is determined by one time delay vector in the K angle time delay pairs.

Assuming that K reference signal ports correspond to K angle delay pairs one by one, a space domain weight vector in precoding corresponding to a K-th reference signal port of the K reference signal ports is a K-th angle vector of the K angle delay pairs. And determining the frequency domain weight vector in precoding corresponding to the kth reference signal port in the K reference signal ports by the kth time delay vector in the K angle time delay pairs.

In one possible design, each delay vector is a length-N vector. Each delay vector includes N weights. The frequency domain weight of the precoding of the kth reference signal port on the nth RB of the N RBs is the nth weight in the kth delay vector.

To avoid confusion, (a) in fig. 9 shows that the angle vector a ₁ To a ₄ Examples of loading on each RB, and (b) in FIG. 9 shows a delay vector b ₁ To b ₄ Examples loaded onto each RB.

Referring first to fig. 9 (a), the RBs corresponding to each angle vector are uniformly distributed in 18 RBs at intervals of 3 RBs. And each angle vector is used as a space domain weight vector and is loaded on the RB corresponding to the pair.

Referring to (b) in fig. 9, the RBs corresponding to each delay vector are also uniformly distributed in 18 RBs at intervals of 3 RBs. Each delay vector may be used to determine a frequency domain weight vector. As shown in the figure, the delay vector b ₁ The 1 st, 5th, 9 th, 13 th and 17 th weights in (a) can be used to form a frequency domain weight vector, wherein the 5 weights are loaded on RB #1, RB #5, RB #9, RB #13 and RB #17, respectively. Delay vector b ₂ The 2 nd, 6 th, 10 th, 14 th and 18 th weights in (a) can be used to form a frequency domain weight vector, and 5 weights therein are loaded on RB #2, RB #6, RB #10, RB #14 and RB #18, respectively. Delay vector b ₃ The 3rd, 7 th, 11 th and 15 th weights in (a) can be used to form a frequency domain weight vector, wherein 4 weights are loaded on RB #3, RB #7, RB #11 and RB #15, respectively. Delay vector b ₄ The 4 th, 8 th, 12 th and 16 th weights in the (c) can be used to form a frequency domain weight vector, wherein 4 weights are loaded on RB #4, RB #8, RB #12 and RB #16, respectively. It can be seen that the frequency domain weights loaded on each reference signal port are reduced, i.e. the length of the frequency domain weight vector is smaller than the length of the delay vector.

In an implementation manner, the network device may recombine the frequency domain weight matrix F constructed based on the K delay vectors to obtain a new frequency domain weight matrix

Further based on the frequency domain weight matrix obtained by recombination

The reference signal is frequency domain precoded. Network equipment reorganizes matrix based on matrix F

May refer to the description above in connection with the method 400 and will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

It can be appreciated that the new frequency domain weight matrix

The length of each frequency domain weight vector in the frequency domain weight matrix F is reduced compared to each frequency domain weight vector in the frequency domain weight matrix F.

It should be appreciated that the matrix is reorganized based on matrix F

Further, frequency domain precoding is performed on the reference signal, which is only one possible implementation manner and should not be limited in any way. In the actual implementation, the matrix

May not necessarily be generated. The above-described procedure can be implemented by different algorithms based on the same concept by those skilled in the art. This is not a limitation of the present application.

In addition, although not shown in the figure, those skilled in the art can understand that more REs for carrying reference signals may be further included in the RB to carry precoded reference signals of more reference signal ports.

In the foregoing, for convenience of understanding, the process of loading one angular delay pair corresponding to each reference signal port onto the reference signal in the embodiment of the present application is described with reference to specific examples. However, these examples are only shown for convenience of understanding, and the above-listed correspondence relationship between each spatial domain weight vector and each frequency domain weight and each reference signal port and each RB, and the formulas and the like shown for convenience of understanding these correspondence relationships are only examples. Various possible mathematical transformations or equivalent substitutions of the above equations may be made by those skilled in the art based on the same concepts. Such mathematical transformations or equivalent substitutions are intended to fall within the scope of the present application.

The present embodiment is also applicable to the case where the pilot density is not 1. Such as pilot density 0.5, etc. Since its specific implementation is similar to that shown in fig. 9 above. Based on the above description in conjunction with fig. 6 and fig. 9, those skilled in the art can easily think of the corresponding relationship between each spatial weight vector and each frequency domain weight and each reference signal port and each RB when the pilot density is 0.5, and for brevity, the detailed description in conjunction with the drawings is omitted here.

In addition, similar to the method 400, in the present embodiment, the RBs corresponding to the same angular delay pair (or, corresponding to the same reference signal port) are arranged at intervals of Q/D-1 RBs. The network device may configure the values of Q and/or D such that the value of Q/D is an integer.

It should also be understood that, for the sake of brevity, the process of the network device precoding the reference signals of the multiple reference signal ports may refer to the above detailed description, and is not described herein again. It is understood that the same RB may correspond to multiple reference signal ports for carrying reference signals of the multiple reference signal ports. The multiple reference signal ports may multiplex the resources of the N RBs by, for example, FDD, TDD, CDD, or the like. This is not a limitation of the present application.

In step 820, the network device transmits a precoded reference signal. Accordingly, in step 820, the terminal device receives the precoded reference signal.

The network device may transmit the precoded reference signal to the terminal device through the preconfigured reference signal resources. The process of the network device sending the precoded reference signal to the terminal device may be the same as the prior art, and for brevity, detailed description is not given here.

It can be understood that the network device sends reference signals of K reference signal ports, and the terminal device can receive the reference signals of the K reference signal ports.

In step 830, the terminal device generates first indication information indicating K weighting coefficients corresponding to K angular delay pairs.

The terminal device may perform channel estimation based on the precoded reference signals received in step 420 to obtain channel estimation values corresponding to the reference signal ports on each RB. In this embodiment of the present application, each reference signal port corresponds to an angle delay pair, and the terminal device may determine a weighting coefficient based on the precoded reference signal of each reference signal port. Then a total of K weighting coefficients may be determined corresponding to K reference signal ports.

When determining the K weighting coefficients, the terminal device needs to determine in advance which RBs the angular delay pair corresponding to each reference signal port is loaded on, that is, needs to know the interval between the loaded RBs of each angular delay pair. The terminal device needs to know the D value, Q value, and K value in advance.

The pilot density D and the number K of reference signal ports may be indicated by existing signaling, for example, by configuration signaling of reference signal resources.

The specific indication manner of the Q value can refer to the above description in step 430 of method 400, and is not repeated here for brevity.

Of course, the network device may also indicate the value of one or more of D, K, Q through an additional signaling. This is not limited by the present application.

After determining the D value, the K value, and the Q value, the terminal device may determine the K weighting coefficients. In this embodiment, each of the K weighting coefficients may be determined by a precoding reference signal received on an RB corresponding to the same angle delay pair in the N RBs, and specifically may be obtained by accumulating and summing up channel estimation values on the RBs corresponding to the same angle delay pair. As described above, each angle delay pair corresponds to a RB that is a partial RB of N RBs, that is, each angle delay pair corresponds to a weighting coefficient obtained by cumulatively summing channel estimation values over the partial RBs of N RBs, without cumulatively summing the channel estimation values over the N RBs.

The specific method for the terminal device to determine the weighting coefficient corresponding to each angle delay pair is similar to the method in the method 400. Taking the example shown in fig. 9, the terminal device is based on the corresponding angular delay pairs (a) received on RB #1, RB #5, RB #9, RB #13, RB #17 ₁ ,b ₁ ) The channel estimation is performed on the precoded reference signal, and 5 channel estimation values can be obtained, for example, the channel estimation values are respectively:

the cumulative sum of the 5 channel estimates is the angular delay pair (a) ₁ ,b ₁ ) The corresponding weighting coefficients. Therefore, the angle delay is paired with (a) ₁ ,b ₁ ) Corresponding weighting coefficient c ₁ Can satisfy the following conditions:

wherein, the lower subscript 1 represents the 1 st angle delay pair of the K angle delay pairs; the superscript n denotes the nth RB, Γ ₁ Representing RB loaded with the above-mentioned 1 st angular delay pair, e.g. Γ ₁ Including RB #1, RB #5, RB #9, RB #13, RB #17. It will be appreciated that the above-described angular delay pairs (a) ₁ ,b ₁ ) The corresponding weighting coefficient is also the weighting coefficient corresponding to the 1 st reference signal port.

Similarly, the terminal device is based on the corresponding angular delay pairs (a) received on RB #2, RB #6, RB #10, RB #14, RB #18 ₂ ,b ₂ ) The channel estimation is performed on the precoded reference signal, and 5 channel estimation values can be obtained, for example, the channel estimation values are respectively:

the cumulative sum of the 5 channel estimates is the angular delay pair (a) ₂ ,b ₂ ) The corresponding weighting coefficients. Therefore, the angle delay is paired with (a) ₂ ,b ₂ ) Corresponding weighting coefficient c ₂ Can satisfy the following conditions:

wherein, the lower subscript 2 represents the 2 nd angular delay pair of the K angular delay pairs; the superscript n denotes the nth RB, Γ ₂ Represents the loading of the above-mentioned 2 nd angle delay pair (a) ₂ ,b ₂ ) RB of (1), e.g. Γ ₂ Including RB #2, RB #6, RB #10, RB #14, RB #18.

The terminal device responds to the angular delay pair (a) received on RB #3, RB #7, RB #12, RB #15 ₃ ,b ₃ ) The channel estimation is performed on the precoded reference signal, and 4 channel estimation values can be obtained, for example, the channel estimation values are respectively:

the cumulative sum of the 4 channel estimates is the angular delay pair (a) ₃ ,b ₃ ) The corresponding weighting coefficients. Therefore, the angle delay is coupled with (a) ₃ ,b ₃ ) Corresponding weighting coefficient c ₃ Can satisfy the following conditions:

wherein, the lower subscript 3 represents the 3rd angular delay pair of the K angular delay pairs; the superscript n denotes the nth RB, Γ ₃ Represents the loading of the above-mentioned 3rd angle delay pair (a) ₃ ,b ₃ ) RB of (1), e.g. Γ ₃ Including RB #3, RB #7, RB #12, RB #15.

The terminal device responds to the angular delay pair (a) received on RB #4, RB #8, RB #12, RB #16 ₄ ,b ₄ ) The channel estimation is performed on the precoded reference signal, and 4 channel estimation values can be obtained, for example, the channel estimation values are respectively:

the cumulative sum of the 4 channel estimation values is the angle time delay pair (a) ₄ ,b ₄ ) The corresponding weighting coefficients. Therefore, the angle delay is paired with (a) ₄ ,b ₄ ) Corresponding weighting coefficient c ₄ Can satisfy the following conditions:

wherein, the lower subscript 4 represents the 4 th angular delay pair of the K angular delay pairs; the superscript n denotes the nth RB, Γ ₄ Represents the loading of the 4 th angular time delay pair (a) ₄ ,b ₄ ) RB of (1), e.g. Γ ₄ Including RB #4, RB #8, RB #12, RB #16.

Therefore, the terminal device may determine 4 weighting coefficients corresponding to the 4 angle delay pairs, that is, determine the weighting coefficients corresponding to the 4 reference signal ports.

Based on the same method, the terminal device may traverse the value of K from 1 to K to obtain the weighting coefficient corresponding to each angle delay pair. Therefore, the terminal device can determine K weighting coefficients. If the K weighting coefficients are represented by a diagonal matrix of K × K dimensions, the coefficient matrix C can be represented as follows:

c in the coefficient matrix C _k May represent a weighting coefficient corresponding to a K-th one of the K angular delay pairs or a weighting coefficient corresponding to a K-th one of the K reference signal ports.

The terminal device may sequentially report the K weighting coefficients corresponding to the K angle delay pairs according to a sequence of the K angle delay pairs agreed with the network device in advance. Therefore, the terminal device may generate the first indication information in the order of the K angular delay pairs to indicate the K weighting coefficients in step 830, and transmit the first indication information in step 840.

In an implementation manner, the terminal device may perform normalization processing on the K weighting coefficients, and quantize and report a result after the normalization processing. Since the normalization process is described in detail in step 430 of the method 400, it is not described herein again for brevity.

In step 840, the terminal device transmits the first indication information. Accordingly, the network device receives the first indication information.

In step 850, the network device determines a precoding matrix corresponding to each frequency domain unit according to the first indication information.

It should be understood that the specific processes of step 840 and step 850 may refer to the above description of step 440 and step 450 in method 400, and are not repeated here for brevity.

Correspondingly, in the embodiment of the present application, the terminal device may also determine the weighting coefficient corresponding to the angle delay pair according to the channel estimation value on the RB loaded with the same angle delay pair, so as to reduce the calculation amount of the terminal device.

It should be noted that the precoding matrix determined by the channel measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application may be a precoding matrix directly used for downlink data transmission; the precoding matrix finally used for downlink data transmission may also be obtained through some beamforming methods, for example, including Zero Forcing (ZF), minimum mean-squared error (MMSE), signal-to-leakage-noise (SLNR), and the like. This is not a limitation of the present application. The precoding matrices involved in the embodiments of the present application may all refer to precoding matrices determined based on the channel measurement method provided in the present application.

It is to be understood that in the above embodiments, the terminal device and/or the network device may perform some or all of the steps in the embodiments. These steps or operations are merely examples, and other operations or variations of various operations may be performed by embodiments of the present application. Further, the various steps may be performed in a different order presented in the embodiments, and not all of the operations in the embodiments of the application may be performed. The sequence number of each step does not mean the execution sequence, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by the function and the inherent logic of the process, and should not be limited in any way to the implementation process of the embodiment of the present application.

The channel measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail above with reference to fig. 4 to 9. Hereinafter, a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application will be described in detail with reference to fig. 10 to 13.

Fig. 10 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 10, the communication device 1000 may include a processing unit 1100 and a transceiving unit 1200.

Alternatively, the communication apparatus 1000 may correspond to the terminal device in the above method embodiment, for example, it may be the terminal device, or a component (such as a circuit, a chip or a system of chips, etc.) configured in the terminal device.

It should be understood that the communication apparatus 1000 may correspond to the terminal device in the method 400 or the method 800 according to the embodiment of the present application, and the communication apparatus 1000 may include a unit for performing the method performed by the terminal device in the method 400 in fig. 4 or the method 800 in fig. 8. Also, the units and other operations and/or functions described above in the communication device 1000 are respectively for implementing the corresponding flows of the method 400 in fig. 4 or the method 800 in fig. 8.

When the communication device 1000 is used to execute the method 400 in fig. 4, the processing unit 1100 may be configured to execute the step 430 in the method 400, and the transceiver 1200 may be configured to execute the steps 420 and 440 in the method 400. It should be understood that the specific processes of the units for executing the corresponding steps are already described in detail in the above method embodiments, and therefore, for brevity, detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

When the communications apparatus 1000 is configured to perform the method 800 in fig. 8, the processing unit 1100 may be configured to perform step 830 in the method 800, and the transceiver unit 1200 may be configured to perform step 820 and step 840 in the method 800. It should be understood that the specific processes of the units for executing the corresponding steps are already described in detail in the above method embodiments, and therefore, for brevity, detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

It should also be understood that when the communication apparatus 1000 is a terminal device, the transceiver unit 1200 in the communication apparatus 1000 may be implemented by a transceiver, for example, may correspond to the transceiver 2020 in the communication apparatus 2000 shown in fig. 11 or the transceiver 3020 in the terminal device 3000 shown in fig. 12, and the processing unit 1100 in the communication apparatus 1000 may be implemented by at least one processor, for example, may correspond to the processor 2010 in the communication apparatus 2000 shown in fig. 11 or the processor 3010 in the terminal device 3000 shown in fig. 12.

It should also be understood that, when the communication device 1000 is a chip or a chip system configured in a terminal device, the transceiver unit 1200 in the communication device 1000 may be implemented by an input/output interface, a circuit, or the like, and the processing unit 1100 in the communication device 1000 may be implemented by a processor, a microprocessor, an integrated circuit, or the like integrated on the chip or the chip system.

Alternatively, the communication apparatus 1000 may correspond to the network device in the above method embodiment, for example, it may be a network device, or a component (e.g., a circuit, a chip, or a system of chips, etc.) configured in a network device.

It should be understood that the communication apparatus 1000 may correspond to the network device in the method 400 or the method 800 according to the embodiment of the present application, and the communication apparatus 1000 may include a unit for performing the method performed by the network device in the method 400 in fig. 4 or the method 800 in fig. 8. Also, the units and other operations and/or functions described above in the communication device 1000 are respectively for implementing the corresponding flows of the method 400 in fig. 4 or the method 800 in fig. 8.

When the communication device 1000 is configured to execute the method 400 in fig. 4, the processing unit 1100 may be configured to execute the steps 410 and 450 in the method 400, and the transceiver 1200 may be configured to execute the steps 420 and 440 in the method 400. It should be understood that the specific processes of the units for executing the corresponding steps are already described in detail in the above method embodiments, and therefore, for brevity, detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

When the communication device 1000 is configured to perform the method 800 in fig. 8, the processing unit 1100 may be configured to perform steps 810 and 850 in the method 800, and the transceiver unit 1200 may be configured to perform steps 820 and 840 in the method 800. It should be understood that the specific processes of the units for executing the corresponding steps are already described in detail in the above method embodiments, and therefore, for brevity, detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

It is further to be understood that when the communication apparatus 1000 is a network device, the transceiver unit 1200 in the communication apparatus 1000 may be implemented by a transceiver, for example, may correspond to the transceiver 2020 in the communication apparatus 2000 shown in fig. 11 or the RRU 4100 in the network device 4000 shown in fig. 13, and the processing unit 1100 in the communication apparatus 1000 may be implemented by at least one processor, for example, may correspond to the processor 2010 in the communication apparatus 2000 shown in fig. 11 or the processing unit 4200 or the processor 4202 in the network device 4000 shown in fig. 13.

It should also be understood that, when the communication device 1000 is a chip or a system of chips configured in a network device, the transceiver unit 1200 in the communication device 1000 may be implemented by an input/output interface, a circuit, etc., and the processing unit 1100 in the communication device 1000 may be implemented by a processor, a microprocessor, an integrated circuit, etc., integrated on the chip or the system of chips.

Fig. 11 is another schematic block diagram of a communication device 2000 provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 6, the communications device 2000 includes a processor 2010, a transceiver 2020, and a memory 2030. Wherein the processor 2010, the transceiver 2020, and the memory 2030 are in communication with each other via the internal connection path, the memory 2030 is configured to store instructions, and the processor 2010 is configured to execute the instructions stored in the memory 2030 to control the transceiver 2020 to transmit and/or receive signals.

It should be understood that the communication device 2000 may correspond to the terminal device in the above method embodiments, and may be configured to perform each step and/or flow performed by the network device or the terminal device in the above method embodiments. Alternatively, the memory 2030 may include a read-only memory and a random access memory, and provide instructions and data to the processor. The portion of memory may also include non-volatile random access memory. The memory 2030 may be a separate device or may be integrated into the processor 2010. The processor 2010 may be configured to execute the instructions stored in the memory 2030, and when the processor 2010 executes the instructions stored in the memory, the processor 2010 is configured to execute the steps and/or processes of the method embodiments corresponding to the network device or the terminal device.

Optionally, the communication device 2000 is a terminal device in the foregoing embodiment.

Optionally, the communication device 2000 is a network device in the foregoing embodiment.

The transceiver 2020 may include a transmitter and a receiver, among others. The transceiver 2020 may further include one or more antennas. The processor 2010 and the memory 2030 and the transceiver 2020 may be devices integrated on different chips. For example, the processor 2010 and the memory 2030 may be integrated in a baseband chip and the transceiver 2020 may be integrated in a radio frequency chip. The processor 2010 and the memory 2030 and the transceiver 2020 may also be integrated devices on the same chip. This is not a limitation of the present application.

Alternatively, the communication device 2000 is a component configured in a terminal device, such as a circuit, a chip system, and the like.

Alternatively, the communication device 2000 is a component configured in a network device, such as a circuit, a chip system, and the like.

The transceiver 2020 may also be a communication interface, such as an input/output interface, a circuit, or the like. The transceiver 2020 may be integrated with the processor 2010 and the memory 2020 on the same chip, such as a baseband chip.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device 3000 according to an embodiment of the present application. The terminal device 3000 can be applied to the system shown in fig. 1, and performs the functions of the terminal device in the above method embodiment. As shown, the terminal device 3000 includes a processor 3010 and a transceiver 3020. Optionally, the terminal device 3000 further includes a memory 3030. The processor 3010, the transceiver 3020 and the memory 3030 may communicate with each other via an internal connection path to transmit control and/or data signals, the memory 3030 is used to store a computer program, and the processor 3010 is used to call and run the computer program from the memory 3030 to control the transceiver 3020 to transmit and receive signals. Optionally, the terminal device 3000 may further include an antenna 3040, configured to send uplink data or uplink control signaling output by the transceiver 3020 through a wireless signal.

The processor 3010 and the memory 3030 may be combined into a processing device, and the processor 3010 is configured to execute the program code stored in the memory 3030 to implement the functions described above. In particular, the memory 3030 may be integrated with the processor 3010 or may be separate from the processor 3010. The processor 3010 may correspond to the processing unit 1100 of fig. 10 or the processor 2010 of fig. 11.

The transceiver 3020 described above may correspond to the transceiver unit 1200 in fig. 10 or the transceiver 2020 in fig. 11. The transceiver 3020 may include a receiver (or receiver, receiving circuit) and a transmitter (or transmitter, transmitting circuit). Wherein the receiver is used for receiving signals, and the transmitter is used for transmitting signals.

It should be understood that the terminal device 3000 shown in fig. 12 can implement various processes involving the terminal device in the method embodiments shown in fig. 4 or fig. 8. The operations and/or functions of the modules in the terminal device 3000 are respectively for implementing the corresponding flows in the above method embodiments. Reference may be made specifically to the description of the above method embodiments, and a detailed description is appropriately omitted herein to avoid redundancy.

The processor 3010 may be configured to perform the actions implemented by the terminal device in the foregoing method embodiments, and the transceiver 3020 may be configured to perform the actions transmitted to or received from the network device by the terminal device in the foregoing method embodiments. Please refer to the description of the previous embodiment of the method, which is not repeated herein.

Optionally, the terminal device 3000 may further include a power supply 3050 for supplying power to various components or circuits in the terminal device.

In addition to this, in order to make the functions of the terminal device more complete, the terminal device 3000 may further include one or more of an input unit 3060, a display unit 3070, an audio circuit 3080, a camera 3090, a sensor 3100, and the like, and the audio circuit may further include a speaker 3082, a microphone 3084, and the like.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device provided in the embodiment of the present application, which may be a schematic structural diagram of a base station, for example. The base station 4000 may be applied to the system shown in fig. 1, and performs the functions of the network device in the above method embodiments. As shown, the base station 4000 may include one or more radio frequency units, such as a Remote Radio Unit (RRU) 4100 and one or more baseband units (BBUs) (also referred to as Distributed Units (DUs)) 4200. The RRU 4100 may be referred to as a transceiver unit, and may correspond to the transceiver unit 1200 in fig. 10 or the transceiver 2020 in fig. 11. Optionally, the RRU 4100 may also be referred to as a transceiver, transceiver circuitry, or transceiver, etc., which may include at least one antenna 4101 and a radio frequency unit 4102. Optionally, the RRU 4100 may include a receiving unit and a sending unit, where the receiving unit may correspond to a receiver (or called receiver and receiving circuit), and the sending unit may correspond to a transmitter (or called transmitter and transmitting circuit). The RRU 4100 is mainly used for transceiving radio frequency signals and converting radio frequency signals and baseband signals, for example, for sending indication information to a terminal device. The BBU 4200 is mainly used for performing baseband processing, controlling a base station, and the like. The RRU 4100 and the BBU 4200 may be physically disposed together or may be physically disposed separately, that is, distributed base stations.

The BBU 4200 is a control center of the base station, and may also be referred to as a processing unit, and may correspond to the processing unit 1100 in fig. 10 or the processor 2010 in fig. 11, and is mainly configured to perform baseband processing functions, such as channel coding, multiplexing, modulation, spreading, and the like. For example, the BBU (processing unit) may be configured to control the base station to perform an operation procedure related to the network device in the foregoing method embodiment, for example, to generate the foregoing indication information.

In an example, the BBU 4200 may be formed by one or multiple boards, and the multiple boards may collectively support a radio access network of a single access system (e.g., an LTE network), or may respectively support radio access networks of different access systems (e.g., an LTE network, a 5G network, or other networks). The BBU 4200 further includes a memory 4201 and a processor 4202. The memory 4201 is used to store necessary instructions and data. The processor 4202 is configured to control the base station to perform necessary actions, for example, to control the base station to perform the operation procedure related to the network device in the above method embodiment. The memory 4201 and the processor 4202 may serve one or more boards. That is, the memory and processor may be provided separately on each board. Multiple boards may share the same memory and processor. In addition, each single board can be provided with necessary circuits.

It should be appreciated that the base station 4000 shown in fig. 13 can implement various processes involving network devices in the method embodiments shown in fig. 4 or fig. 8. The operations and/or functions of the respective modules in the base station 4000 are respectively to implement the corresponding flows in the above-described method embodiments. Reference may be made specifically to the description of the above method embodiments, and a detailed description is appropriately omitted herein to avoid redundancy.

BBU 4200 described above may be used to perform actions described in the foregoing method embodiments that are implemented internally by the network device, while RRU 4100 may be used to perform actions described in the foregoing method embodiments that the network device sends to or receives from the terminal device. Please refer to the description in the previous embodiment of the method, which is not repeated herein.

It should be understood that the base station 4000 shown in fig. 13 is only one possible form of network device, and should not limit the present application in any way. The method provided by the application can be applied to network equipment in other forms. For example, including AAUs, and may also include CUs and/or DUs, or including BBUs and Adaptive Radio Units (ARUs), or BBUs; the network device may also be a Customer Premise Equipment (CPE) or other forms, and the present application is not limited to a specific form of the network device.

Wherein the CU and/or DU may be configured to perform the actions described in the previous method embodiments that are implemented internally by the network device, and the AAU may be configured to perform the actions described in the previous method embodiments that the network device transmits to or receives from the terminal device. Please refer to the description of the previous embodiment of the method, which is not repeated herein.

The present application further provides a processing apparatus, which includes at least one processor, and the at least one processor is configured to execute a computer program stored in a memory, so that the processing apparatus executes the method performed by the terminal device or the network device in any of the above method embodiments.

It is to be understood that the processing means described above may be one or more chips. For example, the processing device may be a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a system on chip (SoC), a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), a digital signal processing circuit (DSP), a Microcontroller (MCU), a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), or other integrated chips.

An embodiment of the present application further provides a processing apparatus, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled with the processor. The communication interface is used for inputting and/or outputting information. The information includes at least one of instructions and data. The processor is configured to execute the computer program, so as to enable the processing apparatus to execute the method performed by the terminal device or the network device in any of the above method embodiments.

An embodiment of the present application further provides a processing apparatus, which includes a processor and a memory. The memory is used for storing a computer program, and the processor is used for calling and running the computer program from the memory so as to enable the processing device to execute the method executed by the terminal device or the network device in any method embodiment.

In implementation, the steps of the above method may be performed by integrated logic circuits of hardware in a processor or instructions in the form of software. The steps of a method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or may be implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in a processor. The software module may be located in ram, flash memory, rom, prom, or eprom, registers, etc. storage media as is well known in the art. The storage medium is located in a memory, and a processor reads information in the memory and completes the steps of the method in combination with hardware of the processor. To avoid repetition, it is not described in detail here.

It should be noted that the processor in the embodiments of the present application may be an integrated circuit chip having signal processing capability. In implementation, the steps of the above method embodiments may be performed by integrated logic circuits of hardware in a processor or by instructions in the form of software. The processor described above may be a general purpose processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components. The various methods, steps, and logic blocks disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented or performed. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented by a hardware decoding processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module may be located in ram, flash memory, rom, prom, or eprom, registers, etc. storage media as is well known in the art. The storage medium is located in a memory, and a processor reads information in the memory and completes the steps of the method in combination with hardware of the processor.

It will be appreciated that the memory in the embodiments of the subject application can be either volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or can include both volatile and nonvolatile memory. The non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a Programmable ROM (PROM), an Erasable PROM (EPROM), an electrically Erasable EPROM (EEPROM), or a flash memory. Volatile memory can be Random Access Memory (RAM), which acts as external cache memory. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM, enhanced SDRAM, SLDRAM, synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory of the systems and methods described herein is intended to comprise, without being limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

According to the method provided by the embodiment of the present application, the present application further provides a computer program product, which includes: computer program code which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method performed by the terminal device or the method performed by the network device in the embodiments shown in fig. 4 or fig. 8.

According to the method provided by the embodiment of the present application, the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores program codes, and when the program codes are run on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the method executed by the terminal device or the method executed by the network device in the embodiment shown in fig. 4 or fig. 8.

According to the method provided by the embodiment of the present application, the present application further provides a system, which includes the foregoing one or more terminal devices and one or more network devices.

The network device in the foregoing device embodiments completely corresponds to the terminal device and the network device or the terminal device in the method embodiments, and the corresponding module or unit executes the corresponding steps, for example, the communication unit (transceiver) executes the steps of receiving or transmitting in the method embodiments, and other steps besides transmitting and receiving may be executed by the processing unit (processor). The functions of the specific elements may be referred to in the respective method embodiments. The number of the processors can be one or more.

In the above embodiments, the terminal device may be taken as an example of the receiving device, and the network device may be taken as an example of the sending device. This should not be construed as limiting the application in any way. For example, the transmitting device and the receiving device may both be terminal devices or the like. The present application is not limited to a specific type of the transmitting device and the receiving device.

As used in this specification, the terms "component," "module," "system," and the like are intended to refer to a computer-related entity, either hardware, firmware, a combination of hardware and software, or software in execution. For example, a component may be, but is not limited to being, a process running on a processor, an object, an executable, a thread of execution, a program, and/or a computer. By way of illustration, both an application running on a computing device and the computing device can be a component. One or more components can reside within a process and/or thread of execution and a component can be localized on one computer and/or distributed between 2 or more computers. In addition, these components can execute from various computer readable media having various data structures stored thereon. The components may communicate by way of local and/or remote processes such as in accordance with a signal having one or more data packets (e.g., data from two components interacting with another component in a local system, distributed system, and/or across a network such as the internet with other systems by way of the signal).

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.

It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit.

The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application or portions thereof that substantially contribute to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium and including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

A method of channel measurement, comprising:

generating first indication information, wherein the first indication information is determined based on a received precoding reference signal, precoding of the precoding reference signal is determined by K angle delay pairs, and each angle delay pair in the K angle delay pairs comprises an angle vector and a delay vector; the first indication information is used for indicating K weighting coefficients corresponding to the K angular time delay pairs, and the K angular time delay pairs and the K weighting coefficients corresponding to the K angular time delay pairs are used for constructing a precoding matrix; each weighting coefficient in the K weighting coefficients is determined based on precoding reference signals carried on partial frequency domain units in the N frequency domain units; wherein, N is the number of frequency domain units contained in the pilot transmission bandwidth, and K and N are integers greater than 1;

and sending the first indication information.
The method of claim 1, wherein each of the K weighting coefficients is determined by a precoded reference signal received over at least one of the N frequency-domain units, the at least one frequency-domain unit being a fractional one of the N frequency-domain units, and any two of the at least one frequency-domain units being spaced apart by at least Q/D-1 frequency-domain units; q is an integer greater than 1, Q < K; d is pilot frequency density, and D is more than 0 and less than or equal to 1; Q/D is an integer.
The method of claim 2, wherein each of the K weighting coefficients is a sum of at least one estimated value determined based on precoded reference signals received over the at least one frequency domain element, and wherein each of the at least one estimated value is channel estimated based on precoded reference signals received over one of the at least one frequency domain element.
The method of claim 2 or 3, wherein the precoded reference signals correspond to P reference signal ports, the precoding of the precoded reference signal corresponding to each reference signal port comprises a space domain weight and a frequency domain weight, and the precoding of the precoded reference signal corresponding to each reference signal port is determined by Q angle delay pairs of the K angle delay pairs; p is less than K and is a positive integer.
The method of claim 4, wherein the Q angular delay pairs comprise Q angular vectors, each of the Q spatial weight vectors comprising a plurality of spatial weights; the Q space domain weight vectors are used for alternately carrying out precoding on the reference signals loaded on the N frequency domain units;

the Q angle delay pairs comprise Q delay vectors used for determining N frequency domain weights, and the N frequency domain weights correspond to the N frequency domain units and are used for precoding reference signals borne on the N frequency domain units.
The method of claim 4 or 5, wherein the method further comprises:

and receiving second indication information, wherein the second indication information is used for indicating a reporting rule of the K weighting coefficients.
The method of claim 6, wherein a coefficient c of the K weighting coefficients _p，q A Q-th angular delay pair of the Q-th angular delay pairs corresponding to the P-th reference signal port of the P reference signal ports, P being more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to P, Q being more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Q, which are integers;

the reporting rule comprises: sequentially taking values of P from 1 to P, and reporting corresponding Q coefficients for the value of each P; or, values are sequentially taken from 1 to Q, and for each value of Q, the corresponding P coefficients are reported.
The method of claim 2 or 3, wherein the precoded reference signals correspond to K reference signal ports, and the precoding of the precoded reference signal for each reference signal port is determined by one of the K angular delay pairs.
The method of claim 8, wherein the precoding of the precoded reference signal for each of the K reference signal ports comprises one spatial domain weight vector and one frequency domain weight vector; and the space domain weight vector in precoding corresponding to the kth reference signal port in the K reference signal ports is the angle vector of the kth angle time delay pair in the K angle time delay pairs, and the frequency domain weight vector corresponding to the kth reference signal port is determined by the time delay vector of the kth angle time delay pair.
The method of any of claims 2 to 9, further comprising:

and receiving third indication information, wherein the third indication information is used for indicating the value of Q.
The method of any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein the value of Q is a predefined value.
A method of channel measurement, comprising:

receiving first indication information, wherein the first indication information is determined based on a precoding reference signal, precoding of the precoding reference signal is determined by K angle delay pairs, and each angle delay pair in the K angle delay pairs comprises an angle vector and a delay vector; the first indication information is used for indicating K weighting coefficients corresponding to the K angle time delay pairs, and the K angle time delay pairs and the K weighting coefficients corresponding to the K angle time delay pairs are used for constructing a precoding matrix; each weighting coefficient in the K weighting coefficients is determined based on precoding reference signals carried on partial frequency domain units in the N frequency domain units; wherein, N is the number of frequency domain units contained in the pilot frequency transmission bandwidth, and K and N are integers greater than 1;

and determining a precoding matrix corresponding to each frequency domain unit based on the first indication information.
The method of claim 12, wherein each of the K weighting coefficients is determined by a precoded reference signal received over at least one of the N frequency-domain units, the at least one frequency-domain unit being a fractional one of the N frequency-domain units, and any two of the at least one frequency-domain units being spaced apart by at least Q/D-1 frequency-domain units; q is an integer greater than 1 and is less than K; d is pilot frequency density, and D is more than 0 and less than or equal to 1; Q/D is an integer.
The method of claim 13, wherein the precoded reference signals correspond to P reference signal ports, the precoding of the precoded reference signal corresponding to each reference signal port comprises a space domain weight and a frequency domain weight, the precoding of the precoded reference signal corresponding to each reference signal port is determined by Q angle delay pairs of the K angle delay pairs; p is less than K and is a positive integer.
The method of claim 14, wherein the Q angular delay pairs comprise Q angular vectors of Q spatial weight vectors, each of the Q spatial weight vectors comprising a plurality of spatial weights; the Q space domain weight vectors are used for alternately carrying out precoding on the reference signals loaded on the N frequency domain units;

the Q angle delay pairs comprise Q delay vectors used for determining N frequency domain weights, and the N frequency domain weights correspond to the N frequency domain units and are used for precoding reference signals borne on the N frequency domain units.
The method of claim 14 or 15, further comprising:

and sending second indication information, wherein the second indication information is used for indicating a reporting rule of the K weighting coefficients.
The method of claim 16, wherein a coefficient c of the K weighting coefficients _p，q A Q-th angular delay pair of the Q-th angular delay pairs corresponding to the P-th reference signal port of the P reference signal ports, P being more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to P, Q being more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Q, which are integers;

the reporting rule comprises: sequentially taking values of P from 1 to P, and reporting corresponding Q coefficients for the value of each P; or, values are sequentially taken from 1 to Q, and for each value of Q, the corresponding P coefficients are reported.
The method of claim 13, wherein the precoded reference signals correspond to K reference signal ports, and precoding of the precoded reference signals for each reference signal port is determined by one of the K angular delay pairs.
The method of claim 18, wherein the precoding of the precoded reference signal for each of the K reference signal ports comprises one spatial domain weight vector and one frequency domain weight vector; and the space domain weight vector in precoding corresponding to the kth reference signal port in the K reference signal ports is the angle vector of the kth angle time delay pair in the K angle time delay pairs, and the frequency domain weight vector corresponding to the kth reference signal port is determined by the time delay vector of the kth angle time delay pair.
The method of any of claims 13 to 19, further comprising:

and sending third indication information, wherein the third indication information is used for indicating the value of Q.
The method of any one of claims 13 to 19, wherein the value of Q is a predefined value.
A communications apparatus, comprising:

a processing unit, configured to generate first indication information, where the first indication information is determined based on a received precoding reference signal, and precoding of the precoding reference signal is determined by K angle delay pairs, where each angle delay pair in the K angle delay pairs includes an angle vector and a delay vector; the first indication information is used for indicating K weighting coefficients corresponding to the K angle time delay pairs, and the K angle time delay pairs and the K weighting coefficients corresponding to the K angle time delay pairs are used for constructing a precoding matrix; each weighting coefficient in the K weighting coefficients is determined based on precoding reference signals carried on partial frequency domain units in the N frequency domain units; wherein, N is the number of frequency domain units contained in the pilot transmission bandwidth, and K and N are integers greater than 1;

and the transceiving unit is used for sending the first indication information.
The apparatus of claim 22, wherein each of the K weighting coefficients is determined by a precoded reference signal received over at least one of the N frequency-domain units, the at least one frequency-domain unit being a fractional one of the N frequency-domain units, and any two of the at least one frequency-domain units being spaced apart by at least Q/D-1 frequency-domain units; q is an integer greater than 1 and is less than K; d is pilot frequency density, and D is more than 0 and less than or equal to 1; Q/D is an integer.
The apparatus of claim 23, wherein each of the K weighting coefficients is a sum of at least one estimated value determined based on precoded reference signals received over the at least one frequency domain element, each of the at least one estimated value being channel estimated based on precoded reference signals received over one of the at least one frequency domain element.
The apparatus of claim 23 or 24, wherein the precoded reference signals correspond to P reference signal ports, the precoding of the precoded reference signal corresponding to each reference signal port comprises a space domain weight and a frequency domain weight, the precoding of the precoded reference signal corresponding to each reference signal port is determined by Q angle delay pairs of the K angle delay pairs; p is less than K and is a positive integer.
The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the Q angular delay pairs comprise Q spatial weight vectors, each of the Q spatial weight vectors comprising a plurality of spatial weights; the Q space domain weight vectors are used for alternately carrying out precoding on the reference signals loaded on the N frequency domain units;

the Q angle delay pairs comprise Q delay vectors used for determining N frequency domain weights, and the N frequency domain weights correspond to the N frequency domain units and are used for precoding reference signals borne on the N frequency domain units.
The apparatus of claim 25 or 26, wherein the transceiver unit is further configured to receive second indication information, where the second indication information is used to indicate a reporting rule for the K weighting coefficients.
The apparatus of claim 27, wherein a coefficient c of the K weighting coefficients _p，q Corresponding to a P-th reference signal port in the P reference signal ports and a Q-th angular time delay pair in the Q-th angular time delay pairs corresponding to the P-th reference signal port, wherein P is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to P, and Q is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Q, and the P is an integer;

the reporting rule comprises: sequentially taking values of P from 1 to P, and reporting corresponding Q coefficients for the value of each P; or, Q is sequentially valued from 1 to Q, and for each Q value, the corresponding P coefficients are reported.
The apparatus of claim 23 or 24, wherein the precoded reference signal corresponds to K reference signal ports, the precoding of the precoded reference signal for each reference signal port being determined by one of the K angular time delay pairs.
The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the precoding of the precoded reference signal for each of the K reference signal ports comprises one spatial domain weight vector and one frequency domain weight vector; and the space domain weight vector in precoding corresponding to the kth reference signal port in the K reference signal ports is the angle vector of the kth angle time delay pair in the K angle time delay pairs, and the frequency domain weight vector corresponding to the kth reference signal port is determined by the time delay vector of the kth angle time delay pair.
The apparatus according to any of claims 23 to 30, wherein the transceiver unit is further configured to receive third indication information, where the third indication information is used to indicate a value of Q.
The apparatus of any one of claims 23 to 30, wherein the value of Q is a predefined value.
The apparatus of any one of claims 22 to 32, wherein the processing unit is a processor and the transceiver unit is a transceiver.
The apparatus according to any of claims 22 to 33, wherein the apparatus is a terminal device.
A communications apparatus, comprising:

a transceiver unit, configured to receive first indication information, where the first indication information is determined based on a precoding reference signal, and precoding of the precoding reference signal is determined by K angle delay pairs, where each of the K angle delay pairs includes an angle vector and a delay vector; the first indication information is used for indicating K weighting coefficients corresponding to the K angle time delay pairs, and the K angle time delay pairs and the K weighting coefficients corresponding to the K angle time delay pairs are used for constructing a precoding matrix; each weighting coefficient in the K weighting coefficients is determined based on precoding reference signals carried on part of the N frequency domain units; wherein, N is the number of frequency domain units contained in the pilot frequency transmission bandwidth, and K and N are integers greater than 1;

and the processing unit is used for determining a precoding matrix corresponding to each frequency domain unit based on the first indication information.
The apparatus of claim 35, wherein each of the K weighting coefficients is determined by a precoded reference signal received over at least one of the N frequency-domain units, the at least one frequency-domain unit being a fractional one of the N frequency-domain units, and any two of the at least one frequency-domain units being spaced apart by at least Q/D-1 frequency-domain units; q is an integer greater than 1 and is less than K; d is pilot frequency density, and D is more than 0 and less than or equal to 1; Q/D is an integer.
The apparatus of claim 36, wherein the precoded reference signals correspond to P reference signal ports, the precoding of the precoded reference signal corresponding to each reference signal port comprises a space domain weight and a frequency domain weight, the precoding of the precoded reference signal corresponding to each reference signal port is determined by Q of the K angle delay pairs; p is less than K, and P is a positive integer.
The apparatus according to claim 37, wherein the Q angular delay pairs comprise Q spatial weight vectors, each of the Q spatial weight vectors comprising a plurality of spatial weights; the Q space domain weight vectors are used for alternately carrying out precoding on the reference signals loaded on the N frequency domain units;

the Q angle delay pairs comprise Q delay vectors used for determining N frequency domain weights, and the N frequency domain weights correspond to the N frequency domain units and are used for precoding reference signals borne on the N frequency domain units.
The apparatus of claim 37 or 38, wherein the transceiver unit is further configured to send second indication information, where the second indication information is used to indicate a reporting rule for the K weighting coefficients.
The apparatus of claim 39, wherein a coefficient c of the K weighting coefficients _p，q Corresponding to the P-th reference signal port in the P reference signal ports and the Q-th angle time delay pair in the Q-th angle time delay pair corresponding to the P-th reference signal port, wherein P is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to P, and Q is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Q, which are integersCounting;

the reporting rule comprises the following steps: sequentially taking values of P from 1 to P, and reporting corresponding Q coefficients for the value of each P; or, Q is sequentially valued from 1 to Q, and for each Q value, the corresponding P coefficients are reported.
The apparatus of claim 36, wherein the precoded reference signals correspond to K reference signal ports, the precoding of the precoded reference signal for each reference signal port being determined by one of the K angular delay pairs.
The apparatus of claim 41, wherein the precoding of the precoded reference signal for each of the K reference signal ports comprises one spatial domain weight vector and one frequency domain weight vector; and the space domain weight vector in precoding corresponding to the kth reference signal port in the K reference signal ports is the angle vector of the kth angle time delay pair in the K angle time delay pairs, and the frequency domain weight vector corresponding to the kth reference signal port is determined by the time delay vector of the kth angle time delay pair.
The apparatus according to any of claims 36 to 42, wherein the transceiver unit is further configured to transmit third indication information, wherein the third indication information is used to indicate a value of Q.
The apparatus of any one of claims 36 to 42, wherein the value of Q is a predefined value.
The apparatus of any one of claims 35 to 44, wherein the processing unit is a processor and the transceiver unit is a transceiver.
The apparatus of any of claims 35 to 45, wherein the apparatus is a network device.
A processing apparatus comprising at least one processor configured to execute a computer program stored in a memory to cause the apparatus to implement a method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11.
A processing apparatus comprising at least one processor configured to execute a computer program stored in a memory to cause the apparatus to implement the method of any of claims 12 to 21.
A processing apparatus, comprising:

a communication interface for inputting and/or outputting information;

a processor for executing a computer program to cause the apparatus to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 11.
A processing apparatus, comprising:

a communication interface for inputting and/or outputting information;

a processor for executing a computer program to cause the apparatus to implement the method of any of claims 12 to 21.
A processing apparatus, comprising:

a memory for storing a computer program;

a processor for calling and running the computer program from the memory to cause the apparatus to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 11.
A processing apparatus, comprising:

a memory for storing a computer program;

a processor for calling and running the computer program from the memory to cause the apparatus to implement the method of any one of claims 12 to 21.
A computer-readable storage medium, comprising a computer program which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 11.
A computer-readable storage medium, comprising a computer program which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 12 to 21.
A computer program product comprising a computer program which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 11.
A computer program product comprising a computer program which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 12 to 21.