CN115283871B

CN115283871B - Vehicle body welding device and welding method adopting copper plate protection

Info

Publication number: CN115283871B
Application number: CN202211230149.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邹伟
Original assignee: Wuhan Sixian Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Wuhan Sixian Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-10-08
Filing date: 2022-10-08
Publication date: 2022-12-20
Anticipated expiration: 2042-10-08
Also published as: CN115283871A

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle body welding device and a welding method adopting copper plate protection, belonging to the technical field of vehicle body welding process equipment. When the welding device is used, direct current is converted into high-frequency alternating current through the oscillator, the high-frequency alternating current is introduced into the coil to generate an alternating magnetic field, the alternating magnetic field acts on the base metal to generate eddy current so as to heat and melt the base metal, and simultaneously, the alternating magnetic field acts on the base metal to generate high-frequency vibration action through the action of the alternating magnetic field and the permanent magnet, and the high-frequency vibration action is used on the base metal and is used for welding a vehicle body under the combined action of the alternating magnetic field and the permanent magnet.

Description

Vehicle body welding device and welding method adopting copper plate protection

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle body welding process equipment, in particular to a vehicle body welding device and a welding method adopting copper plate protection.

Background

Because the steel plates forming the car body are thin, in order to prevent welding deformation, the current car body welding process method is mainly resistance welding, namely, a workpiece is pressed between two electrodes, resistance heat generated when current passes through the workpiece is utilized to heat the workpiece for welding, the welding mode mainly comprises spot welding, seam welding, projection welding and butt welding, and the car body welding process method has the advantages of short heating time, no noise and no harmful gas generation.

However, the electric resistance welding process applied to the welding of the car body has certain defects and problems, for example, the power of operation is too high, the utilization rate of electric energy is low, so a certain load is caused to the power grid, even in order to avoid the temperature of the electrode being too high, the temperature of the electrode is reduced by a water cooling mode, in addition, in the welding process, a certain pressure is required to be applied to the welding seam of the base metal, so that the current can sufficiently pass through the base metal to generate the electric resistance welding of the car body, and in the welding process, the problem of cracks is often caused by the fact that the pressure applied to the welding spot by the electric resistance welding is too high.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the invention provides a vehicle body welding device and a welding method adopting copper plate protection, which adopt a new welding process to solve the problem of splashing or cracks on a welding point caused by overlarge pressure applied to the welding point in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

according to a first aspect of the present invention,

the invention discloses a vehicle body welding device, which comprises elastic barrel frames which are fixed on a welding handle and are arranged in pairs;

any one of the elastic barrel frames is internally provided with an electromagnetic vibration welding assembly in an elastic sliding mode, the two electromagnetic vibration welding assemblies are symmetrically arranged and are perpendicular to the base metal, and a protective copper plate is fixedly connected to the two electromagnetic vibration welding assemblies in a threaded mode.

Furthermore, the electromagnetic vibration welding assembly comprises a welding head, an iron core coil, an impact cap and a permanent magnet, wherein the welding head is arranged in the elastic barrel frame in a sliding mode, an electromagnetic coil is fixedly inserted into the welding head, one end of an iron core in the iron core coil is fixed with the protection copper plate in a threaded mode, the other end of the iron core in the iron core coil is magnetically connected with the permanent magnet, the permanent magnet is embedded into one end of the impact cap, and the other end of the impact cap is movably inserted into the welding head.

Further, the direct current power supply and the oscillator are further included, the direct current power supply is electrically connected with the oscillator, the oscillator is connected with the coils on the two iron core coils arranged in pairs in series, and the winding directions of the coils on the two iron core coils are the same.

Further, the striking cap includes the cap body, guide post and reset spring, the permanent magnet is inlayed in the one end of the cap body, the other end of the cap body is provided with the guide post, the cover is equipped with reset spring on the guide post, reset spring offsets with the soldered connection.

Furthermore, the welding head comprises a sliding groove, a connecting piece, a center hole and a limiting groove, the iron core coil is fixedly arranged at the center of the connecting piece, the center of the connecting piece is provided with the center hole, and the limiting groove is arranged on the outer side of the center hole.

Furthermore, the elastic barrel frame comprises an end cover, a pressure spring and a barrel frame pipe, one end of the barrel frame pipe is fixedly connected with the end cover in a threaded mode, the end cover abuts against one end of the pressure spring, and the other end of the pressure spring abuts against the cap body.

Furthermore, the other end of the barrel frame pipe is inwards provided with a limiting bulge, and the limiting bulge is arranged in the sliding groove in a sliding mode.

Further, the protection copper includes the copper plate body, prevents changeing arch and central screw, the spacing groove with prevent changeing protruding embedding cooperation, the dorsal part of copper plate body is provided with prevents changeing the arch, prevent changeing bellied center department and be provided with central screw.

According to a second aspect of the present invention,

the invention discloses a welding method adopting copper plate protection, which applies the welding device of the vehicle body and comprises the following steps;

s1, firstly, a pair of bobbin bracket pipes are driven by a welding handle to be mutually clamped in a direction vertical to the surface of a base metal;

s2, starting a direct-current power supply, converting direct current into high-frequency alternating current through an oscillator, enabling the high-frequency alternating current to pass through a pair of iron core coils which are connected in series, so that an alternating magnetic field is generated, the polarities of the iron core coils are always opposite, the base material can be clamped, the polarities of the two ends of the iron core coils are always changed, the permanent magnet is driven to move back and forth, then the impact cap is driven by the permanent magnet to continuously impact the iron core coils, and therefore high-frequency vibration is generated and used on the base material;

and S3, generating eddy current and high-frequency vibration on the parent metal under the action of the alternating magnetic field, generating a nugget between the parent metal, and then disconnecting the direct-current power supply.

The invention has the following advantages:

according to the invention, the high-frequency alternating current is introduced into the iron core coil, the alternating magnetic field is generated on the iron core coil, on one hand, the alternating magnetic field acts on the base metal to generate eddy current, so that the base metal is heated and softened, on the other hand, the alternating magnetic field generated on the iron core coil is converted into high-frequency vibration and acts on the base metal, so that on the one hand, the coil has low current intensity, the self heat productivity of the iron core coil is not large, and the utilization efficiency of electric energy is improved; in addition, when the weld metal is in a heated and softened or molten state, the structure can be changed by vibration, so that crystal grains can be refined, the mechanical property of the material can be improved by refining the weld grains, meanwhile, larger pressure is not required to be applied to a welding point, and the welding residual stress can be reduced or homogenized by high-frequency vibration, so that the welding quality is ensured, and the problem that the welding point is splashed or cracked due to overlarge pressure applied to the welding point in the prior art is solved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.

The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the effects and the achievable by the present invention, should still fall within the range that the technical contents disclosed in the present invention can cover.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vehicle body welding apparatus provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an impact cap provided by the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a spacing protrusion provided in the present invention;

fig. 5 is a perspective view of a copper shield plate according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a weld head provided by the present invention;

fig. 7 is a circuit connection block diagram of the iron core coil provided by the present invention;

in the figure: 1, an elastic barrel frame; 11 end covers; 12 a pressure spring; 13 bobbin tubes; 2, welding the assembly by electromagnetic vibration; 21 welding a welding head; 211 a sliding groove; 212 connecting piece; 213 a central aperture; 214 a limiting groove; 22 a core coil; 23 striking the cap; 231 a cap body; 232 guide posts; 233 a return spring; 24 a permanent magnet; 3 protecting the copper plate; 31 a copper plate body; 32 anti-rotation protrusions; 33 central screw hole; 4, limiting bulges; 5, a direct current power supply; 6 an oscillator.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 7, a vehicle body welding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes elastic tube frames 1 fixed to a welding rod in a pair;

an electromagnetic vibration welding unit 2 is elastically slidably disposed in any one of the elastic tube holders 1, and the electromagnetic vibration welding unit 2 simultaneously releases a high-frequency alternating magnetic field and vibration to act on the base material to form a nugget, as shown in fig. 2. The two symmetrically arranged electromagnetic vibration welding assemblies 2 are perpendicular to the base material, so that high-frequency vibration can fully act on the base material. The protective copper plates 3 are fixedly connected to the two electromagnetic vibration welding assemblies 2 in a screwed mode, the protective copper plates 3 cover welding spots when the automobile body is welded, meanwhile, the protective copper plates can be fully attached to the outer surface of the automobile body, and therefore the phenomenon that an indentation is left on the outer surface of the automobile body is avoided.

According to a specific embodiment disclosed by the invention, the electromagnetic vibration welding assembly 2 comprises a welding head 21, an iron core coil 22, an impact cap 23 and a permanent magnet 24, as shown in fig. 2, the welding head 21 is arranged in the elastic barrel frame 1 in a sliding manner, an electromagnetic coil 22 is fixedly inserted in the welding head 21, the electromagnetic coil 22 is connected with high-frequency current, and accordingly a high-frequency alternating electromagnetic field can be generated, as shown in fig. 2, one end of an iron core in the iron core coil 22 is fixedly connected with the protection copper plate 3 in a threaded manner, and the other end of the iron core in the iron core coil 22 is magnetically connected with the permanent magnet 24, and the permanent magnet 24 can be driven to repeatedly do reciprocating motion due to the constant change of the direction of the alternating magnetic field.

As described above, since the permanent magnet 24 is embedded in one end of the impact cap 23 and the other end of the impact cap 23 is movably inserted into the welding head 21, the impact cap 23 is driven by the permanent magnet 24 to repeatedly impact the core coil 22, thereby generating high frequency vibration. In addition, a high-frequency alternating magnetic field is generated between the symmetrically arranged iron core coils 22, eddy current can be generated when the alternating magnetic field acts on the base material, and the eddy current generates resistance heat in the base material, so that spot-welded positions of the base material can be heated and softened, and molecules are accelerated to diffuse under the action of high-frequency vibration, so that the base materials are firmly welded together. Compared with the prior art which adopts a resistance welding mode, the equipment adopting the technical scheme can play a role in refining grains from the beginning of welding, and then the strain is adjusted through thermoplastic deformation in a hot state to reduce the residual stress. Therefore, it can be said that the vibration welding plays a role of preventing welding cracks and reducing deformation from the beginning, thereby improving welding quality.

In addition, the alternating magnetic field and the high-frequency vibration generated in the embodiment are all completed through the iron core coil 22, the current intensity through the iron core coil 22 is low, the heat productivity of the iron core coil 22 is not large, and compared with a resistance welding process, the cooling of the magnetic pole is not needed in a water cooling mode, so that compared with a resistance welding machine, the structure of the whole equipment is greatly simplified, the weight and the manufacturing cost of the equipment are reduced, and the popularization and the use of the equipment are facilitated.

According to a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the present disclosure further includes a dc power supply 5 and an oscillator 6, as shown in fig. 7, the dc power supply 5 is electrically connected to the oscillator 6, the dc power is converted into a high-frequency ac power through the oscillator 6, and since the oscillator 6 is connected in series to the coils on the two iron core coils 22 arranged in pairs, the magnetic poles between the iron core coils 22 are repeatedly switched, but since the winding directions of the coils on the two iron core coils 22 are the same, the two iron core coils 22 can be magnetically attracted together all the time due to the different magnetic poles, so that the two iron core coils 22 are always clamped on the welding spot, so as to transmit high-frequency vibration to the welding spot, and improve the welding quality.

According to a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the impact cap 23 includes a cap body 231, a guiding post 232 and a return spring 233, the permanent magnet 24 is embedded at one end of the cap body 231, as shown in fig. 3, when the permanent magnet 24 is acted by an alternating magnetic field and moves back and forth, the cap body 231 is driven to repeatedly impact the iron core coils 22, so that the two iron core coils 22 synchronously impact the two sides of the base material to generate vibration, which is a slight vibration in a certain frequency range, and the effect of eddy current generated by the alternating magnetic field to heat the base material is as follows:

firstly, when weld metal is heated and in a molten state, the vibration can change the structure, so that grains are refined, and the mechanical property of the material is improved by refining the weld grains;

secondly, under the action of temperature, the yield limit of materials at the welding seam is very low, so that the thermal stress field is easily relieved by vibration, the thermoplastic deformation is very easy to occur, the constrained strain is released, the gradient of the stress field is reduced, and the final welding residual stress is reduced or homogenized;

finally, due to vibration, bubble impurities and the like are easy to float upwards in the crystallization process, hydrogen is easy to remove, and the molten material in the welding line and the base material are in uniform and smooth transitional connection, so that the effects of reducing stress concentration and improving welding quality are achieved.

Therefore, the vibration welding can effectively prevent welding cracks and deformation, improve the fatigue life of the component and enhance the mechanical property; in addition, the other end of the cap body 231 is provided with a guide post 232 to reduce the wear degree of the cap body 231, a return spring 233 is sleeved on the guide post 232, and the return spring 233 abuts against the welding head 21, so that the frequency of the impact vibration is more stable.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the soldering head 21 includes a sliding groove 211, a connecting member 212, a central hole 213 and a limiting groove 214, as shown in fig. 6, the iron core coil 22 is fixedly disposed at the center of the connecting member 212, when the iron core coil 22 is magnetically adsorbed on the base material, the connecting member 212 and the protection copper plate 3 can be correspondingly clamped to the soldering point, the central hole 213 is disposed at the center of the connecting member 212, and the limiting groove 214 is disposed outside the central hole 213 to prevent the protection copper plate 3 from loosening or rotating. As shown in fig. 4, the other end of the bobbin 13 is provided with a limiting protrusion 4 inwards, and the limiting protrusion 4 is slidably arranged in the sliding groove 211. Thereby allowing the welding head 21 to be telescopically movable within the cartridge tube 13.

According to one embodiment of the disclosure, the elastic barrel holder 1 includes an end cover 11, a pressure spring 12 and a barrel holder tube 13, one end of the barrel holder tube 13 is screwed and fixed with the end cover 11, the end cover 11 abuts against one end of the pressure spring 12, and the other end of the pressure spring 12 abuts against the cap body 231. As shown in fig. 2, since the welding head 21 can be extended and retracted in the barrel frame tube 13, the welding head 21 can be extended by the elastic support of the pressure spring 12, and since the welding is automatically performed by a robot or a robot arm when the base material is welded, the pressure spring 12 and the return spring 233 are provided to reduce the impact load, thereby avoiding leaving marks on the car body.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the protection copper plate 3 includes a copper plate body 31, an anti-rotation protrusion 32 and a central screw hole 33, the limiting groove 214 is in embedded fit with the anti-rotation protrusion 32, the anti-rotation protrusion 32 is disposed on the back side of the copper plate body 31, and the central screw hole 33 is disposed in the center of the anti-rotation protrusion 32. When welding the automobile body, need use the copper of different shapes to the shape of cooperation automobile body outward appearance plays the protection automobile body surface shape from this, prevents the effect that the automobile body surface is heated and is out of shape.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the material of the welding head 21 is microcrystalline. The microcrystalline material (microcrystalline material) refers to a metal and non-metal material with the grain size of less than 5 microns obtained by a rapid condensation process, is an important raw material for preparing high-performance high-temperature structural ceramics and functional ceramics, and can effectively prevent a welding head from being deformed by heating.

Example 2

s1, firstly, a pair of bobbin bracket pipes 13 are driven by a welding handle to be mutually clamped in a direction vertical to the surface of a base metal;

s2, starting a direct current power supply 5, converting direct current into high-frequency alternating current through an oscillator 6, enabling the high-frequency alternating current to pass through a pair of iron core coils 22 which are connected in series to generate an alternating magnetic field, enabling the polarities of the iron core coils 22 to be opposite all the time, clamping the base material, enabling the polarities of two ends of the iron core coils 22 to be changed all the time, driving a permanent magnet 24 to move back and forth, driving an impact cap 23 to continuously impact the iron core coils 22 through the permanent magnet 24, and generating high-frequency vibration action to be used on the base material;

and S3, generating eddy current and high-frequency vibration on the parent metal under the action of the alternating magnetic field, generating a nugget between the parent metal, and then disconnecting the direct-current power supply 5.

The application process of the embodiment of the invention is as follows:

the invention has disclosed a car body welding set and welding method to adopt copper plate protection, when it is used specifically, utilize weld handle align a pair of bobbin frame tubes 13 with the direction of the surface of parent metal vertically each other at first, after starting the direct current 5, the direct current will be turned into the high-frequency alternating current through the oscillator 6, because the direction that a pair of iron core coils 22 connects in series and the coil binds is the same, the high-frequency alternating current will produce the alternating magnetic field after passing the iron core coil 22, because the polarity is opposite all the time between a pair of iron core coils 22, therefore produce the suction and can grasp the parent metal, and because the polarity of both ends of a single iron core coil 22 changes all the time, thus drive the permanent magnet 24 to reciprocate, and then drive the impact cap 23 to strike the iron core coil 22 constantly through the permanent magnet 24, therefore produce the high-frequency vibration and act on the parent metal; the base metal generates eddy current under the action of the alternating magnetic field, high-frequency vibration is generated at the same time, and under the combined action of the eddy current and the high-frequency vibration, a nugget is generated between the base metals, so that the base metals are close to the distance of atomic lattices on the atomic microscopic level, and finally the direct-current power supply 5 is disconnected to wait for the nugget to be solidified.

Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A car body welding device is characterized by comprising elastic barrel frames (1) which are fixed on a welding handle and are arranged in pairs;

an electromagnetic vibration welding assembly (2) is elastically arranged in any one elastic barrel frame (1) in a sliding mode, the two electromagnetic vibration welding assemblies (2) which are symmetrically arranged are perpendicular to the base material, and a protective copper plate (3) is fixedly connected to the two electromagnetic vibration welding assemblies (2) in a threaded mode;

electromagnetic vibration welding subassembly (2) are including soldered connection (21), iron core coil (22), striking cap (23) and permanent magnet (24), it is provided with soldered connection (21) to slide in elasticity bobbin (1), soldered connection (21) internal fixation is inserted and is equipped with iron core coil (22), the one end and protection copper (3) spiro union of iron core are fixed in iron core coil (22), the other end and permanent magnet (24) magnetism of iron core are connected in iron core coil (22), the one end at striking cap (23) is inlayed in permanent magnet (24), the other end activity of striking cap (23) is inserted and is established in soldered connection (21).

2. A vehicle body welding device according to claim 1, further comprising a dc power source (5) and an oscillator (6), wherein the dc power source (5) is electrically connected to the oscillator (6), the oscillator (6) is connected in series with the coils of the two iron core coils (22) arranged in pair, and the winding directions of the coils of the two iron core coils (22) are the same.

3. The vehicle body welding device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the impact cap (23) comprises a cap body (231), a guide post (232) and a return spring (233), the permanent magnet (24) is embedded in one end of the cap body (231), the guide post (232) is arranged at the other end of the cap body (231), the return spring (233) is sleeved on the guide post (232), and the return spring (233) is abutted against the welding head (21).

4. A vehicle body welding device according to claim 3, wherein the welding head (21) comprises a sliding groove (211), a connecting member (212), a central hole (213) and a limiting groove (214), the iron core coil (22) is fixedly arranged at the center of the connecting member (212), the central hole (213) is arranged at the center of the connecting member (212), and the limiting groove (214) is arranged outside the central hole (213).

5. A vehicle body welding device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the elastic barrel holder (1) comprises an end cover (11), a pressure spring (12) and a barrel holder pipe (13), one end of the barrel holder pipe (13) is fixed with the end cover (11) in a threaded manner, the end cover (11) abuts against one end of the pressure spring (12), and the other end of the pressure spring (12) abuts against the cap body (231).

6. A vehicle body welding device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the other end of the bobbin tube (13) is provided with a limiting protrusion (4) inwards, and the limiting protrusion (4) is slidably arranged in the sliding groove (211).

7. The vehicle body welding device according to claim 6, characterized in that the protection copper plate (3) comprises a copper plate body (31), an anti-rotation protrusion (32) and a central screw hole (33), the limiting groove (214) is matched with the anti-rotation protrusion (32) in an embedding manner, the anti-rotation protrusion (32) is arranged on the back side of the copper plate body (31), and the central screw hole (33) is arranged in the center of the anti-rotation protrusion (32).

8. A vehicle body welding device as defined in claim 1, wherein said welding head (21) is made of a microcrystalline material.

9. A welding method using copper plate protection, using a vehicle body welding apparatus according to claim 7, characterized by comprising the steps of;

s1, firstly, a pair of bobbin bracket pipes (13) are driven by a welding handle to be mutually clamped in a direction vertical to the surface of a base material;

s2, starting a direct current power supply (5), converting direct current into high-frequency alternating current through an oscillator (6), enabling the high-frequency alternating current to pass through a pair of iron core coils (22) which are arranged in series to generate an alternating magnetic field, enabling the polarities of the iron core coils (22) to be opposite all the time, clamping the base material, enabling the polarities of the two ends of the iron core coils (22) to be changed all the time to drive a permanent magnet (24) to move back and forth, driving an impact cap (23) to continuously impact the iron core coils (22) through the permanent magnet (24), and generating high-frequency vibration to be used on the base material;

and S3, generating eddy current and high-frequency vibration on the parent metal under the action of the alternating magnetic field, generating nuggets between the parent metal, and then disconnecting the direct-current power supply (5).