CN115277497B - Transmission delay time measurement method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Transmission delay time measurement method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
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- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
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Abstract
The invention provides a transmission delay time measuring method, a device, an electronic device and a storage medium, comprising the following steps: acquiring a historical time interval corresponding to a historical data packet transmitted by a server frame by frame; inputting the historical time interval into a preset delay prediction model to obtain a prediction time interval corresponding to the current data packet transmitted frame by frame, wherein the preset delay prediction model is a model obtained by training an LSTM model based on the sample historical time interval; and outputting the transmission delay time based on the predicted time interval, the actual time interval corresponding to the current data packet and the data packet transmission time interval of the transmitting end. The data transmission delay is reduced by combining the frame-by-frame transmission mode, and the aim of considering the real-time performance and the bandwidth utilization rate of the whole transmission system is fulfilled; the time synchronization of a transmitting end and a client is not needed, and the applicability of transmission delay measurement is improved; the method combines the mode of training the cyclic neural network, improves the accuracy of the prediction time interval and also improves the accuracy and reliability of the transmission delay measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of network communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for measuring transmission delay time, an electronic device, and a storage medium.
Background
The transmission delay is taken as an important technical index in the video monitoring system, and generally indicates that the coding delay, the transmission delay and the decoding display delay exist in the end-to-end transmission process, so that the user experience is influenced, and the communication quality is also influenced; for example, if a transmission delay exists when a user uses a terminal to view a video, subjective experience of the user can be affected, and if the transmission delay exists in a closed-loop video monitoring process, instantaneity of video information can be affected, and judgment analysis and decision results can be affected. Therefore, how to accurately measure the transmission delay is important.
In the related art, the delay time of the monitoring system is usually measured in a direct connection manner in a laboratory environment, that is, the transmitting end and the client are directly connected, and the transmission delay time is calculated by calculating the time difference of video images of the same frame.
However, since the laboratory environment is relatively simple and is not suitable for the practical application environment, the transmitting end and the client end are required to have the same time reference in the measurement process, so that the applicability and the accuracy of measuring the transmission delay time are not high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a transmission delay time measuring method, a device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, which are used for solving the defect that the applicability and the accuracy of measuring the transmission delay time are not high due to the fact that a sending end and a client are required to be synchronized when the transmission delay is measured in the prior art, and the applicability and the accuracy of the transmission delay measurement can be realized in an actual application environment without time synchronization of the sending end and the client.
The invention provides a transmission delay time measuring method, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring a historical time interval corresponding to a historical data packet transmitted by a server frame by frame;
inputting the historical time interval into a preset delay prediction model to obtain a prediction time interval corresponding to the current data packet transmitted frame by frame; the preset delay prediction model is a model obtained by training an LSTM model based on a sample history time interval;
and outputting the transmission delay time based on the predicted time interval, the actual time interval corresponding to the current data packet and the data packet sending time interval of the sending end.
According to the method for measuring the transmission delay time provided by the invention, the transmission delay time is output based on the predicted time interval, the actual time interval corresponding to the current data packet and the data packet sending time interval of the sending end, and the method comprises the following steps:
Comparing the predicted time interval with an actual time interval corresponding to the current data packet;
and when the actual time interval is determined to be larger than the predicted time interval, outputting transmission delay time based on the actual time interval and the data packet transmission time interval of the transmitting end.
According to the method for measuring the transmission delay time provided by the invention, the historical time interval corresponding to the historical data packet transmitted by the server frame by frame is obtained, and the method comprises the following steps:
receiving historical data packets transmitted by a server frame by frame;
filtering the historical data packet based on a preset data packet receiving protocol;
storing the filtered residual historical data packets as data packet files according to a preset file format;
and analyzing the time stamp information in the data packet file, and performing time format conversion to obtain a historical time interval corresponding to the residual historical data packet.
According to the method for measuring the transmission delay time provided by the invention, the historical data packet is filtered based on a preset data packet receiving protocol, and the method comprises the following steps:
sequentially writing the historical data packets into a receiving buffer area;
screening a first historical data packet from the historical data packets in the receiving buffer area based on a preset data packet communication protocol;
And filtering the data packets which are not matched with the data packet identification information in the first historical data packets based on preset data packet identification information.
According to the method for measuring transmission delay time provided by the invention, after the data packet which is not matched with the data packet identification information in the first historical data packet is filtered, the method further comprises the following steps:
sequentially writing the filtered second historical data packets into a playing buffer area;
and indicating the playing buffer zone to play the second historical data packet after the second historical data packet is subjected to the sequence.
According to the method for measuring transmission delay time provided by the invention, after the historical data packets are written into the receiving buffer area in sequence, the method further comprises the following steps:
acquiring the buffer area capacity of the historical data packet written into the receiving buffer area;
if the capacity of the buffer area is determined to be larger than the maximum value of the preset capacity, the sending end is instructed to reduce the sending rate of the data packet;
and if the buffer capacity is determined to be smaller than the preset capacity minimum value, the sending end is instructed to increase the sending rate of the data packet.
According to the method for measuring transmission delay time provided by the invention, before the step of obtaining the historical time interval corresponding to the historical data packet transmitted by the server frame by frame, the method further comprises the following steps:
Establishing a data communication link with a transmitting end;
transmitting a data transmission request to the transmitting end, wherein the data transmission request carries a data encapsulation requirement and a data transmission mode;
and receiving the data packet sent by the sending end aiming at the data transmission request.
According to the transmission delay time measurement method provided by the invention, the training process of the preset delay prediction model comprises the following steps:
determining a training set and a testing set based on the sample history time interval;
training the LSTM model based on the training set to obtain a trained LSTM model;
testing the trained LSTM model based on the test set to obtain a test result;
and determining the trained LSTM model as a preset delay prediction model based on the error between the test result and the test set.
According to the transmission delay time measurement method provided by the invention, the method further comprises the following steps:
and respectively updating the training set and the testing set based on the new historical time interval received in the preset time.
The invention also provides a transmission delay time measuring device, which comprises:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a historical time interval corresponding to the historical data packet transmitted by the server frame by frame;
The prediction module is used for inputting the historical time interval into a preset delay prediction model to obtain a prediction time interval corresponding to the current data packet transmitted frame by frame; the preset delay prediction model is a model obtained by training an LSTM model based on a sample history time interval;
and the output module is used for outputting the transmission delay time based on the predicted time interval, the actual time interval corresponding to the current data packet and the data packet transmission time interval of the transmitting end.
The invention also provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the transmission delay time measurement method as described in any one of the above when executing the program.
The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a transmission delay time measurement method as described in any of the above.
The invention also provides a computer program product comprising a computer program which when executed by a processor implements a method of transmission delay time measurement as described in any of the above.
The invention provides a transmission delay time measuring method, a device, an electronic device and a storage medium, wherein the transmission delay time measuring method predicts a predicted time interval corresponding to a current data packet transmitted frame by inputting a historical time interval corresponding to a historical data packet transmitted frame by a server into a preset delay prediction model, and outputs the transmission delay time based on the predicted time interval, an actual time interval corresponding to the current data packet and a data packet transmitting time interval of a transmitting end. The method combines the frame-by-frame transmission mode to reduce the data transmission delay, achieves the aim of considering the real-time performance and the bandwidth utilization rate of the whole transmission system, can realize the transmission delay measurement in the practical application environment without the time synchronization of a transmitting end and a client, and improves the applicability of the transmission delay measurement; furthermore, the preset delay prediction model is a model obtained by training the LSTM model based on the sample history time interval, so that the aim of improving the accuracy of the prediction time interval can be fulfilled by combining a mode of training the cyclic neural network, and the accuracy and the reliability of transmission delay measurement can be effectively improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a transmission delay time measurement method provided by the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission delay measurement system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a general flow chart of a transmission delay time measurement method provided by the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission delay measurement device provided by the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The transmission delay is taken as an important technical index in the video monitoring system, and generally indicates that the coding delay, the transmission delay and the decoding display delay exist in the end-to-end transmission process, so that the user experience is influenced, and the communication quality is also influenced; for example, a large-scale monitoring system is based on a camera, a server and a client, a large number of video calls and controls are not existed at any time, the server and the camera are required to react in the video call process, a video stream is transmitted to the client, a data transmission request is sent from the client to the server and the camera to respond, the video stream reaches a designated client, a large number of switches and routers are required to be used, and transmission delay is inevitably caused. In addition, there are situations in which the video camera and client clocks are not synchronized during video streaming, which also causes inconvenience and difficulty in measuring the delay time.
Therefore, in order to improve the reliability and safety of the video monitoring system, a backup line is usually deployed in a network design, and when the main line is accidentally interrupted or fails, the backup line is automatically used to switch the data flow, and the process of switching the data flow, that is, the switching process of the communication link, in this switching process, if the client is connected via different communication links before and after the switching, the interruption problem will also necessarily occur in the data communication between the server and the client, and the switching of the communication link may cause the interruption of the communication within a certain period of time. For a system with low communication quality requirement, short-time communication interruption is acceptable, if the video monitoring system has high requirements on the reliability and real-time performance of the communication and the interruption time of the system communication is strictly limited, real-time information cannot be transmitted in real time due to the sudden interruption of the communication, and therefore, the fault or emergency is difficult to find and solve, and even if serious, safety accidents are possibly caused. Therefore, the measurement and calculation of the transmission delay time of the video monitoring system have important significance and value.
The existing method for measuring the transmission delay time in the laboratory environment is to directly connect a transmitting end and a client to measure the delay time of a monitoring system, namely, the transmission delay time is calculated by calculating the time difference value of the same video frame image, the test scene is simple, and the fact that the video tape casting time is influenced by route distribution, network congestion, communication interference and the like in the actual application process is not considered, so that the delay time measured in the ideal environment of the laboratory environment is usually obviously lower than the actual application scene. Meanwhile, in the measurement process, a transmitting end (such as a camera) and a client side are required to have a common time reference, but in practice, many video monitoring systems do not have a common time reference signal, and the transmitting end and the client side cannot be synchronized. Therefore, more convenient and accurate delay time measurement is particularly important.
Based on this, the invention provides a transmission delay time measurement method, a device, an electronic apparatus and a storage medium, wherein the transmission delay time measurement method can be applied to a scene of a transmission delay time measurement system formed by a plurality of sending ends, a server and a plurality of clients, an execution subject of the transmission delay time measurement method is any one client in the transmission delay time measurement system, the client can be a personal computer (Personal Computer, a PC), a portable apparatus, a notebook computer, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a portable wearable apparatus and other electronic apparatuses, and the client at least has a data packet receiving and playing function, a data packet capturing function, a storage function, an analysis function and a statistical analysis function. The invention is not limited to the specific form of the client.
It should be noted that, the execution body of the method embodiment described below may be part or all of any one of the clients in the transmission delay time measurement system. The following method embodiments are described by taking an execution subject as a client as an example.
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a transmission delay time measurement method according to the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, including the following steps:
step 110, obtaining a historical time interval corresponding to a historical data packet transmitted by the server frame by frame.
The historical data packets may be data packets received by the client within a preset time period T, t=ft, F is an integer greater than 1, T is a data packet transmission time interval, and the data packet transmission time interval T may be set based on a maximum throughput supported by the ethernet, so as to determine whether packet loss occurs within the preset time period T and a packet loss rate when packet loss occurs.
Specifically, in the transmission delay time measurement system shown in fig. 2, the server may be a high-concurrency streaming media server and has a transfer function, and the main tasks of the server are to transmit, schedule, distribute, buffer and store the received data packets, when the transmission delay time measurement system is applied to the video monitoring system, the transmitting end may be one or more cameras and the transmitting end may be connected with the server by a wire, and when the transmitting end is multiple, the transmitting end 1, the transmitting end 2 and the transmitting end 3 shown in fig. 2 may be used; the clients are usually multiple and each client is connected to a server through the internet, such as client 1, client 2, and client 3 in fig. 2; when the transmission delay time measurement system is applied to a communication system, the transmitting end can be the same terminal equipment as the client and can be in wireless connection with the server. The present invention is not particularly limited herein.
Based on this, the client may receive the data packet transmitted by the transmitting end through the server, and when the server transmits the data packet to the client frame by frame, the client may also receive the data packet frame by frame. Therefore, each time a data packet is received by the client, the arrival time of the data packet is correspondingly analyzed, and the time interval corresponding to each two adjacent data packets is determined based on the difference between the arrival times of each two adjacent data packets at the client, so that the historical time interval corresponding to the historical data packet transmitted by the server frame by frame is determined.
And 120, inputting the historical time interval into a preset delay prediction model to obtain a prediction time interval corresponding to the current data packet transmitted frame by frame.
The preset delay prediction model is a model obtained by training an LSTM model based on a sample history time interval, and the current data packet is a data packet in transmission.
Specifically, the client inputs the determined historical time interval to a preset delay prediction model, and predicts a prediction time interval corresponding to a current data packet transmitted by the server frame by frame, for example, n-1 historical time intervals corresponding to n historical data packets may be input to the preset delay prediction model, and an nth time interval corresponding to an nth historical data packet and an n+1th current data packet being transmitted is predicted, that is, an nth prediction time interval; the difference between the time when the (n+1) th current data packet arrives at the client and the time when the (n) th historical data packet arrives at the client is the (n) th actual time interval corresponding to the (n+1) th current data, and n is an integer greater than 1.
It should be noted that, considering that Long-short term memory model (Long-Short Term Memory, LSTM) is a recurrent neural network and has Long-short term memory energy, it is suitable for the prediction of longer time series and can solve the gradient disappearance problem. Therefore, the accuracy and precision of the prediction time interval can be improved by training the obtained preset delay prediction model for the LSTM model by adopting the sample history time interval.
And 130, outputting a transmission delay time based on the predicted time interval, the actual time interval corresponding to the current data packet and the data packet transmission time interval of the transmitting end.
Specifically, based on the predicted time interval of the predicted current data packet reaching the client and the actual time interval of the current data packet reaching the client, the client can firstly judge whether the transmission delay occurs, and if the transmission delay does not occur based on the predicted time interval and the actual time interval, the output transmission delay time is 0; if it is determined that the transmission delay occurs based on the predicted time interval and the actual time interval, the transmission delay time may be further output in combination with the packet transmission time interval of the transmitting end. Based on the above, the invention can be suitable for measuring the transmission delay time in the wired and wireless video monitoring systems, and can also be used for measuring the link interruption and the off-network recovery time and judging the transmission abnormality in the communication system.
According to the transmission delay time measurement method provided by the invention, the prediction time interval corresponding to the current data packet transmitted frame by frame is predicted by inputting the historical time interval corresponding to the historical data packet transmitted frame by the server into the preset delay prediction model, and the transmission delay time is output based on the prediction time interval, the actual time interval corresponding to the current data packet and the data packet transmission time interval of the transmitting end. The method combines the frame-by-frame transmission mode to reduce the data transmission delay, achieves the aim of considering the real-time performance and the bandwidth utilization rate of the whole transmission system, can realize the transmission delay measurement in the practical application environment without the time synchronization of a transmitting end and a client, and improves the applicability of the transmission delay measurement; furthermore, the preset delay prediction model is a model obtained by training the LSTM model based on the sample history time interval, so that the aim of improving the accuracy of the prediction time interval can be fulfilled by combining a mode of training the cyclic neural network, and the accuracy and the reliability of transmission delay measurement can be effectively improved.
Optionally, before step 110, the method may further include:
firstly, establishing a data communication link with a transmitting end; then, a data transmission request is sent to the sending end, wherein the data transmission request carries a data encapsulation requirement and a data sending mode; and further receiving a data packet sent by the sending end aiming at the data transmission request.
Specifically, in the transmission delay time measurement system shown in fig. 2, each transmitting end and the server may be connected by a wire, where the bandwidth of the wired ethernet is high and the signal is stable, and when the transmission delay time is measured, the maximum throughput supported by the ethernet of the transmitting end sets a suitable data packet transmission time interval and a data packet size; if the data packet sending rate exceeds the maximum throughput, network delay is caused, and the transmission delay is closely related to the data packet length, the data packet length cannot exceed the maximum transmission unit of the network, and the problem of queuing or packet loss of data transmission is easily caused by too small data packet length, so that the delay problem is more remarkable. Therefore, when the communication connection is established between the client and the sender and the data transmission request is sent to the sender, the sender can adopt a non-response mode and carry the encapsulation requirement and the data transmission mode of data aiming at the data transmission request to encapsulate the data packet and send the data packet to the client. That is, the sending end uses the FFmpeg frame to collect, decode, encode, compress and other processes on the data required by the sending end, for example, the collected data is compressed and encoded into a data packet format with better network transmission characteristics by adopting an h.264 encoding algorithm, the compressed and encoded data is encapsulated into individual data packets by adopting an FLV221 encapsulation specification, and finally the encapsulated data packets are sent to the server frame by adopting a user datagram protocol (User Datagram Protocol, UDP), so that the high portability, the realization flexibility and the high efficiency of data processing of the FFmpeg frame are combined, and the collection frequency and the image frame number of the data are determined, so that the aim of controlling the streaming media quality and the code rate at the source of the data can be realized by adopting a Real-time transmission control protocol (Real-time Transport Control Protocol, RTCP).
In fig. 2, a data packet sent by a sending end is firstly transmitted to a server frame by frame, and then is buffered by the server and then is forwarded frame by frame; the client and the server can communicate one to one or many to one, so that the risk of transmission delay is reduced by combining a server buffering mode.
According to the transmission delay time measuring method provided by the invention, the client receives the data packet meeting the maximum throughput of the network and not exceeding the bandwidth of the maximum transmission unit of the network by sending the data transmission request carrying the data encapsulation requirement and the data transmission mode to the sending end of the established communication connection, so that the aim of considering the real-time performance and the fluency of the data packet transmission is fulfilled.
Optionally, the implementation procedure of step 110 may include:
firstly, receiving historical data packets transmitted by a server frame by frame; then, filtering the historical data packet based on a preset data packet receiving protocol; further storing the filtered residual historical data packets into data packet files according to a preset file format; and finally, analyzing the time stamp information in the data packet file, and performing time format conversion to obtain a historical time interval corresponding to the residual historical data packet.
Specifically, since the historical data packets are received data packets, such as data packets received by the server. Therefore, when the server receives the data packet sent by the sending end, the data packet can be sent to the client frame by frame, the client can also receive the data packet frame by frame, and for the data packet received frame by frame, the client filters the data packet which is not matched with the data packet receiving protocol in the received data packet based on a preset data packet receiving protocol, so as to obtain the filtered residual historical data packet, and the preset data packet receiving protocol can be used for representing the receiving indication of the data packet required by the client.
And then, the client stores the filtered data packets in a pacp file format to generate a data packet file, analyzes the stored data packet file when the historical time interval is required to be calculated, converts the timestamp information in the data packet file into the local time of the client and is accurate to be delicate, for example, the converted time format is year/month/day/hour/minute/second/microsecond, accurately records the time of each historical data packet reaching the client, and determines the historical time interval corresponding to the residual filtered historical data packet based on the difference of the time of two adjacent data packets in the arrived data packets reaching the client.
It should be noted that, the client may also be provided with a data packet capturing unit, where the data packet capturing unit is configured to capture, according to a data packet transmission protocol with the sender, a port address of the server output data packet, and a source address of the sender, a historical data packet forwarded to the client by the server, and store the historical data packet in a pacp file format.
According to the transmission delay time measurement method provided by the invention, a client acquires a historical time interval corresponding to a historical data packet by filtering, storing in a file format, analyzing and converting the time format aiming at the data packet sent by a server frame by frame. The method combines the modes of frame-by-frame transmission and frame-by-frame reception, avoids the limit that a transmitting end and a client must be synchronized, and further combines the modes of filtering, storing and format conversion, thereby ensuring the accuracy and easy identification of the time of the client for recording the data packet by the client, and laying a foundation for the follow-up accurate measurement of the transmission delay time.
Optionally, when the number of the sending ends is multiple, filtering the historical data packet based on a preset data packet receiving protocol includes:
firstly, writing the historical data packets into a receiving buffer area in sequence; then, based on a preset data packet communication protocol, screening a first historical data packet from the historical data packets in the receiving buffer area; and finally, filtering the data packets which are not matched with the data packet identification information in the first historical data packets based on preset data packet identification information.
Specifically, a buffer area can be preset in the client, and the buffer area is specifically divided into a receiving buffer area and a playing buffer area, and the receiving buffer area can adopt a first-in first-out queue structure. When the client receives each historical data packet frame by frame, each historical data packet can be inserted into the first-in first-out queue structure in sequence until the tail of the first-out queue structure, but the client possibly does not need to receive the data packet of each sending end, so that the data packet to be received can be limited and the unnecessary data packet can be filtered through setting a data packet communication protocol, and the data packet communication protocol can be used for representing the sending end of the data packet requested to be sent by the client, so that the purpose of filtering the data packet which is not matched with the data packet communication protocol in the historical data packet in the receiving buffer area is realized, and the first historical data packet is screened. For example, if the packet communication protocol indicates that the client requests to receive the packet of the sender 2, the packets sent by the sender 1 and the sender 3 are filtered from the historical packets, and the packets sent by the sender 2 are reserved, and at this time, the reserved packet sent by the sender 2 is the first historical packet.
Further, for the first historical data packet in the fifo queue structure, header verification may be sequentially performed from the tail to the head of the queue based on preset data packet identification information, where the data packet identification information is used to characterize the header identification of the corresponding data packet. For example, when the transmitting end transmits the data packet to the server by using UDP, the server also forwards the data packet to the client frame by using UDP, the header of each data packet received by the client may at least characterize whether the corresponding data packet satisfies UDP, that is, determine whether the header of each first historical data packet is a UDP header, and reserve the first historical data packet corresponding to the UDP header as an effective data packet, and discard the first historical data packet not having the UDP header as an ineffective data packet, so as to screen out the effective historical data packets from the plurality of first historical data packets in the receiving buffer.
It should be noted that when the valid historical data packet is screened out from the first historical data packet in the receiving buffer area, corresponding verification can be performed according to different data packet identification information, for example, the sending end sets identification information indicating whether the corresponding data packet is valid or not in the header of each data packet to be sent in advance, so that the client can quickly and accurately screen out the valid data packet when receiving each data packet frame by frame. The present invention is not particularly limited herein. In addition, when the number of the sending ends is one, the client receives the historical data packets sent by the sending end frame by frame through the server, each received historical data packet can be sequentially inserted into the first-in first-out queue structure until the tail of the first-in first-out queue, and then header verification is sequentially performed from the tail of the first-in first-out queue structure to the head of the first-in first-out queue based on preset data packet identification information, wherein the header verification process is similar to the previous process, and is not repeated here.
According to the transmission delay time measuring method provided by the invention, the client writes the received data packet into the receiving buffer zone, and filters the data packet in the receiving buffer zone based on the data packet communication protocol and the data packet identification information, so that the loss probability of the data packet is reduced by combining the client buffer mode and the client memory dividing mode, the stability and the reliability of the transmitted data packet are improved, and the occurrence probability of the transmission delay is reduced.
Optionally, after filtering the data packet that does not match the packet identification information in the first historical data packet, the method further includes:
firstly, writing the second historical data packet obtained after filtering into a playing buffer area in sequence; and further indicating the playing buffer zone to play the second historical data packet after the second historical data packet is orderly played.
Specifically, the client sequentially writes the second historical data packets into the playing buffer area for the second historical data packets obtained after the filtering of the receiving buffer area, and then instructs the client to execute the order operation for each second historical data packet written into the playing buffer area.
According to the transmission delay time measuring method provided by the invention, the client side sequentially writes the second historical data packets obtained through filtering into the playing buffer area, and then further instructs to play the second actual data packets after finishing the sequence, so that the smoothness and the reliability of video playing of the client side are improved by combining the client side buffer mode and the finishing mode.
Optionally, after the writing of the historical data packets into the receiving buffer in sequence, the method further includes:
acquiring the buffer area capacity of the historical data packet written into the receiving buffer area; if the capacity of the buffer area is determined to be larger than the maximum value of the preset capacity, the sending end is instructed to reduce the sending rate of the data packet; and if the buffer capacity is determined to be smaller than the preset capacity minimum value, the sending end is instructed to increase the sending rate of the data packet.
Specifically, the client may instruct the transmitting end to adjust the rate of transmitting the data packet according to the space occupied by the historical data packet, that is, the client sets two capacity critical values of the receiving buffer in advance, including a preset capacity maximum value and a preset capacity minimum value, and then determines the size relationship between the buffer capacity occupied by the historical data packet written in the receiving buffer and the two capacity critical values, if the buffer capacity is greater than the preset capacity maximum value, the transmitting end is instructed to reduce the data packet transmitting rate, so as to avoid the overflow risk; if the capacity of the buffer area is smaller than the minimum value of the preset capacity, the sending end is instructed to increase the sending rate of the data packet so as to avoid the risk of underflow; and if the capacity of the buffer area is larger than or equal to the preset capacity minimum value and smaller than or equal to the preset capacity maximum value, the sending end is instructed to maintain the original rate to send the data packet.
It should be noted that, the server may use the timestamp of the FLV file as a control standard for controlling the sending rate of the data packet at the sending end, and preset two critical values MAX and MIN in the buffer area, when the server puts the received historical data packet into the buffer area, it may monitor the size relationship between the capacity of the buffer area and MAX and MIN, and when the capacity of the buffer area is greater than MAX, to avoid the overflow risk, it may instruct the sending end to reduce the sending rate of the data packet; when the capacity of the buffer area is smaller than MIN, the sending end can be instructed to increase the sending rate of the data packet in order to avoid the risk of underflow; when the capacity of the buffer area is larger than or equal to MIN and smaller than or equal to MAX, the sending end can be instructed to send the data packet according to the original speed, so that the problem of data packet loss under the extremely-undesirable network condition is solved.
According to the transmission delay time measuring method provided by the invention, the client side indicates the transmitting end to reduce or increase the data packet transmitting rate through receiving the size relation between the buffer area capacity occupied by the historical data packet written in the buffer area and the preset maximum capacity or the preset minimum capacity, so that the flexible interactivity of the transmitting end and the client side is improved, the data loss rate is effectively reduced, and the reliability and the stability of data transmission are determined.
Optionally, the implementation procedure of step 130 may include:
comparing the predicted time interval with an actual time interval corresponding to the current data packet; and when the actual time interval is determined to be larger than the predicted time interval, outputting transmission delay time based on the actual time interval and the data packet transmission time interval of the transmitting end.
Specifically, for a predicted time interval corresponding to a current data packet transmitted by a server frame by frame, the client may first compare the predicted time interval with an actual time interval corresponding to the current data packet, and when the actual time interval is greater than the predicted time interval, determine that a larger transmission delay or other anomalies such as link interruption and packet loss occur in the communication process, and at this time, determine a difference between the actual time interval and a data packet transmission time interval of the transmitting end as a transmission delay time and output the transmission delay time; otherwise, when the actual time interval is less than or equal to the predicted time interval, it indicates that there is no transmission delay and no abnormality, and at this time, it can predict the next data packet being transmitted and determine whether the transmission delay occurs. For example, when the nth actual time interval is greater than the nth predicted time interval, a difference between the nth actual time interval and the packet transmission time interval t may be used as the transmission delay time; otherwise, when the nth actual time interval is less than or equal to the nth predicted time interval, the first n historical time intervals can be input into a preset delay prediction model to predict the (n+1) th predicted time interval, and then whether the relation between the (n+1) th predicted time interval and the (n+1) th actual time interval is delayed or not is judged, so that the mode is circulated until the process of measuring the transmission delay is finished.
According to the transmission delay time measuring method provided by the invention, when the client judges that the actual time interval of the current data packet transmitted by the server frame by frame is larger than the predicted time interval, the visual effectiveness and the reliable stability of measuring the transmission delay time are improved by determining the difference value between the actual time interval and the data packet transmitting time interval as the transmission delay time.
Optionally, the training process of the preset delay prediction model includes:
firstly, determining a training set and a testing set based on a sample history time interval; training the LSTM model based on the training set to obtain a trained LSTM model; then, testing the trained LSTM model based on the test set to obtain a test result; and finally, determining the trained LSTM model as a preset delay prediction model based on the error between the test result and the test set.
Specifically, the client receives and records the arrival time corresponding to each of the N data packets which have arrived, so as to obtain N arrival times, takes the time interval of every two arrival times as a sample history time interval, obtains N-1 sample history time intervals, further carries out normalization processing on the N-1 sample history time intervals to generate a sample data set, divides the sample data set into a training set and a test set according to the preset proportion of p:q, N is an integer greater than 1, p and q are both positive integers greater than 0, and p > q.
Then, setting initial training times M, and training an LSTM model by using a training set until the training times reach M, so as to obtain the LSTM model after the training of the round; further testing the LSTM model after the training of the round by using the test set to obtain the test result of the round, and calculating the root mean square error Deltat between the test result of the round and the historical time interval of the sample in the test set 1 Then, using an RMSProp first-order optimization algorithm to perform model parameter optimization on the LSTM model after training M times in a gradient descent mode, for example, updating the learning rate and the next iteration number, using the updated iteration number to train the LSTM model after the training of the round again until the training number reaches M to obtain the LSTM model after the training of the round, using a test set to test the LSTM model after the training of the round to obtain a test result of the round, and calculating the root mean square error Deltat between the test result of the round and the historical time interval of samples in the test set 2 . In this way, training and testing are continuously performed until the obtained root mean square error no longer decreases, and the trained LSTM model corresponding to the minimum root mean square error is determined as the preset delay prediction model.
It should be noted that the root mean square error according to the embodiment of the present invention may be calculated by using an existing method for calculating the root mean square error, which is not limited herein.
According to the transmission delay time measurement method provided by the invention, the preset delay prediction model is obtained by using the training set to train the LSTM model and then using the test set to test the trained LSTM model, so that the purpose of accurately predicting the next time interval is realized by combining the method of learning the cyclic neural network model, and the accuracy of measuring the transmission delay time is further improved.
Optionally, for training of the LSTM model, in addition to updating the iteration number and model parameters of each round, the training set and the test set participating in training and testing of each round may be updated. Based on this, the method may further include:
and respectively updating the training set and the testing set based on the new historical time interval received in the preset time.
Specifically, since the data packet transmission time interval of the transmitting end is T, in order to improve the model precision, the training set and the test set of each round can be updated, that is, the client records a new history time interval reached in the preset duration T, normalizes the new history time interval, and then divides the new history time interval into the current training set and the current test set according to the preset proportion of p to q, thereby realizing the updating of the training set and the test set. Wherein t=ft, F is an integer greater than 1.
According to the transmission delay time measurement method, the training set and the testing set are updated by means of the new historical time interval reaching the client in the preset time, the purposes that the training set and the testing set can be updated while the iteration times and the model parameters of each round are updated are achieved, and compared with the mode that the existing LSTM model training process is separated from the prediction process, the training process and the testing process are both dependent on the latest acquired new historical time interval, so that the accuracy and the stability of the preset delay prediction model are further improved.
Based on the foregoing embodiment, fig. 3 is a general flowchart of a transmission delay time measurement method provided by the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, the transmission delay time measurement method includes:
step 310, the transmitting end transmits the data packet to the server frame by adopting the data packet transmission time interval t.
Step 320, the server receives and buffers the data packet frame by frame, and then forwards the data packet frame by frame to the client.
Step 330, the receiving buffer of the client receives the historical data packet frame by frame, and filters the received historical data packet.
Step 340, playing the filtered historical data packet by the receiving buffer of the client. The filtered historical data packet may be the second historical data packet obtained after filtering in the foregoing embodiment.
And 350, the client stores the filtered historical data packet as a pacp file in a pscp format.
Step 360, the client parses the stored pacp file to determine a historical time interval corresponding to the filtered historical data packet.
Step 370, the client inputs the historical time interval into a preset delay prediction model, and obtains a prediction time interval corresponding to the current data packet transmitted frame by frame.
Step 380, the client outputs the transmission delay time based on the predicted time interval, the actual time interval corresponding to the current data packet, and the data packet transmission time interval of the transmitting end.
According to the transmission delay time measurement method provided by the invention, the prediction time interval corresponding to the current data packet transmitted frame by frame is predicted by inputting the historical time interval corresponding to the historical data packet transmitted frame by the server into the preset delay prediction model, and the transmission delay time is output based on the prediction time interval, the actual time interval corresponding to the current data packet and the data packet transmission time interval of the transmitting end. The method combines a frame-by-frame transmission mode to reduce the data transmission delay, achieves the aim of considering the real-time performance and the bandwidth utilization rate of the whole transmission system, does not need the time synchronization of a transmitting end and a client, and improves the applicability of the transmission delay measurement; furthermore, the preset delay prediction model is a model obtained by training the LSTM model based on the sample history time interval, so that the aim of improving the accuracy of the prediction time interval can be fulfilled by combining a mode of training the cyclic neural network, and the accuracy and the reliability of transmission delay measurement can be effectively improved.
The transmission delay time measuring apparatus provided by the present invention will be described below, and the transmission delay time measuring apparatus described below and the transmission delay time measuring method described above may be referred to correspondingly to each other.
Referring to fig. 4, a transmission delay time measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, in fig. 4, a transmission delay time measuring apparatus 400 includes:
the obtaining module 410 is configured to obtain a historical time interval corresponding to a historical data packet transmitted by the server frame by frame.
The prediction module 420 is configured to input the historical time interval to a preset delay prediction model, so as to obtain a predicted time interval corresponding to the current data packet transmitted frame by frame; the preset delay prediction model is a model obtained by training an LSTM model based on a sample history time interval.
And an output module 430, configured to output a transmission delay time based on the predicted time interval, the actual time interval corresponding to the current data packet, and the data packet transmission time interval of the transmitting end.
Optionally, the acquiring module 410 may be specifically configured to receive a historical data packet transmitted by the server frame by frame; filtering the historical data packet based on a preset data packet receiving protocol; storing the filtered residual historical data packets as data packet files according to a preset file format; and analyzing the time stamp information in the data packet file, and performing time format conversion to obtain a historical time interval corresponding to the residual historical data packet.
Optionally, the acquiring module 410 may be specifically further configured to establish a data communication link with the transmitting end; transmitting a data transmission request to the transmitting end, wherein the data transmission request carries a data encapsulation requirement and a data transmission mode; and receiving the data packet sent by the sending end aiming at the data transmission request.
Optionally, the obtaining module 410 may be further specifically configured to sequentially write the historical data packets into a receiving buffer; screening a first historical data packet from the historical data packets in the receiving buffer area based on a preset data packet communication protocol; and filtering the data packets which are not matched with the data packet identification information in the first historical data packets based on preset data packet identification information.
Optionally, the output module 430 may be specifically configured to compare the predicted time interval with an actual time interval corresponding to the current data packet; and when the actual time interval is determined to be larger than the predicted time interval, outputting transmission delay time based on the actual time interval and the data packet transmission time interval of the transmitting end.
Optionally, the device may further include a playing module, configured to sequentially write the second historical data packets obtained after filtering into a playing buffer area; and indicating the playing buffer zone to play the second historical data packet after the second historical data packet is subjected to the sequence.
Optionally, the apparatus may further include an adjustment module configured to obtain a buffer capacity of the historical data packet written into the receiving buffer; if the capacity of the buffer area is determined to be larger than the maximum value of the preset capacity, the sending end is instructed to reduce the sending rate of the data packet; and if the buffer capacity is determined to be smaller than the preset capacity minimum value, the sending end is instructed to increase the sending rate of the data packet.
Optionally, the apparatus may further include a training module to determine a training set and a testing set based on the sample history time interval; training the LSTM model based on the training set to obtain a trained LSTM model; testing the trained LSTM model based on the test set to obtain a test result; and determining the trained LSTM model as a preset delay prediction model based on the error between the test result and the test set.
Optionally, the apparatus may further include an updating module configured to update the training set and the test set respectively based on a new historical time interval received in the preset duration.
Fig. 5 illustrates a physical schematic diagram of an electronic device, and as shown in fig. 5, the electronic device 500 may include: processor 510, communication interface 520, memory 530, and communication bus 540, wherein processor 510, communication interface 520, and memory 530 communicate with each other via communication bus 540. Processor 510 may invoke logic instructions in memory 530 to perform a propagation delay time measurement method comprising:
Acquiring a historical time interval corresponding to a historical data packet transmitted by a server frame by frame;
inputting the historical time interval into a preset delay prediction model to obtain a prediction time interval corresponding to the current data packet transmitted frame by frame; the preset delay prediction model is a model obtained by training an LSTM model based on a sample history time interval;
and outputting the transmission delay time based on the predicted time interval, the actual time interval corresponding to the current data packet and the data packet sending time interval of the sending end.
Further, the logic instructions in the memory 530 described above may be implemented in the form of software functional units and may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as a stand-alone product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM, randomAccessMemory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a computer program product, the computer program product comprising a computer program, the computer program being storable on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, the computer program, when executed by a processor, being capable of performing the method of measuring a propagation delay time provided by the above methods, the method comprising:
acquiring a historical time interval corresponding to a historical data packet transmitted by a server frame by frame;
inputting the historical time interval into a preset delay prediction model to obtain a prediction time interval corresponding to the current data packet transmitted frame by frame; the preset delay prediction model is a model obtained by training an LSTM model based on a sample history time interval;
and outputting the transmission delay time based on the predicted time interval, the actual time interval corresponding to the current data packet and the data packet sending time interval of the sending end.
In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, is implemented to perform the transmission delay time measurement method provided by the above methods, the method comprising:
Acquiring a historical time interval corresponding to a historical data packet transmitted by a server frame by frame;
inputting the historical time interval into a preset delay prediction model to obtain a prediction time interval corresponding to the current data packet transmitted frame by frame; the preset delay prediction model is a model obtained by training an LSTM model based on a sample history time interval;
and outputting the transmission delay time based on the predicted time interval, the actual time interval corresponding to the current data packet and the data packet sending time interval of the sending end.
The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.
From the above description of the embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments may be implemented by means of software plus necessary general hardware platforms, or of course may be implemented by means of hardware. Based on this understanding, the foregoing technical solution may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method described in the respective embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A transmission delay time measurement method, comprising:
acquiring a historical time interval corresponding to a historical data packet transmitted by a server frame by frame; when the number of the historical data packets is n, the number of the historical time intervals is n-1; n is an integer greater than 1;
inputting the historical time interval into a preset delay prediction model to obtain a prediction time interval corresponding to the current data packet transmitted frame by frame; the preset delay prediction model is a model obtained by training an LSTM model based on a sample history time interval; when the number of the historical data packets is n, the predicted time interval is the n-th time interval corresponding to the predicted n-th historical data packet and the n+1th current data packet being transmitted;
And outputting the transmission delay time based on the predicted time interval, the actual time interval corresponding to the current data packet and the data packet sending time interval of the sending end.
2. The transmission delay time measurement method of claim 1, wherein outputting the transmission delay time based on the predicted time interval, the actual time interval corresponding to the current data packet, and the data packet transmission time interval of the transmitting end comprises:
comparing the predicted time interval with an actual time interval corresponding to the current data packet;
and when the actual time interval is determined to be larger than the predicted time interval, outputting transmission delay time based on the actual time interval and the data packet transmission time interval of the transmitting end.
3. The transmission delay time measurement method of claim 1, wherein the acquiring a historical time interval corresponding to a historical data packet transmitted by the server frame by frame comprises:
receiving historical data packets transmitted by a server frame by frame;
filtering the historical data packet based on a preset data packet receiving protocol;
storing the filtered residual historical data packets as data packet files according to a preset file format;
And analyzing the time stamp information in the data packet file, and performing time format conversion to obtain a historical time interval corresponding to the residual historical data packet.
4. The transmission delay time measurement method of claim 3, wherein filtering the historical data packet based on a preset data packet reception protocol comprises:
sequentially writing the historical data packets into a receiving buffer area;
screening a first historical data packet from the historical data packets in the receiving buffer area based on a preset data packet communication protocol;
and filtering the data packets which are not matched with the data packet identification information in the first historical data packets based on preset data packet identification information.
5. The transmission delay time measurement method of claim 4, wherein after said filtering said packets of said first historical packets that do not match said packet identification information, said method further comprises:
sequentially writing the filtered second historical data packets into a playing buffer area;
and indicating the playing buffer zone to play the second historical data packet after the second historical data packet is subjected to the sequence.
6. The transmission delay time measurement method of claim 4, wherein after said writing said history data packets in sequence to a reception buffer, said method further comprises:
Acquiring the buffer area capacity of the historical data packet written into the receiving buffer area;
if the capacity of the buffer area is determined to be larger than the maximum value of the preset capacity, the sending end is instructed to reduce the sending rate of the data packet;
and if the buffer capacity is determined to be smaller than the preset capacity minimum value, the sending end is instructed to increase the sending rate of the data packet.
7. The transmission delay time measurement method of claim 1, wherein before the step of acquiring a historical time interval corresponding to a historical data packet transmitted by the server frame by frame, the method further comprises:
establishing a data communication link with a transmitting end;
transmitting a data transmission request to the transmitting end, wherein the data transmission request carries a data encapsulation requirement and a data transmission mode;
and receiving the data packet sent by the sending end aiming at the data transmission request.
8. The transmission delay time measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the training process of the preset delay prediction model includes:
determining a training set and a testing set based on the sample history time interval;
training the LSTM model based on the training set to obtain a trained LSTM model;
Testing the trained LSTM model based on the test set to obtain a test result;
and determining the trained LSTM model as a preset delay prediction model based on the error between the test result and the test set.
9. The transmission delay time measurement method of claim 8, wherein the method further comprises:
and respectively updating the training set and the testing set based on the new historical time interval received in the preset time.
10. A transmission delay time measuring apparatus, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a historical time interval corresponding to the historical data packet transmitted by the server frame by frame; when the number of the historical data packets is n, the number of the historical time intervals is n-1; n is an integer greater than 1;
the prediction module is used for inputting the historical time interval into a preset delay prediction model to obtain a prediction time interval corresponding to the current data packet transmitted frame by frame; the preset delay prediction model is a model obtained by training an LSTM model based on a sample history time interval; when the number of the historical data packets is n, the predicted time interval is the n-th time interval corresponding to the predicted n-th historical data packet and the n+1th current data packet being transmitted;
And the output module is used for outputting the transmission delay time based on the predicted time interval, the actual time interval corresponding to the current data packet and the data packet transmission time interval of the transmitting end.
11. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the transmission delay time measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 when executing the program.
12. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor implements the transmission delay time measurement method according to any of claims 1 to 9.
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