CN115270585A - Collaborative optimization design method for machine tool body and ground feet and related product - Google Patents
Collaborative optimization design method for machine tool body and ground feet and related product Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a collaborative optimization design method of a machine tool body and a foundation and related products, which can be applied to the technical field of optimization design of machine tool structures. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining a simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool; acquiring a first finite element model of the machine tool; performing multi-working-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis on the machine tool to obtain a first key parameter set of the machine tool; determining the optimized structure design domain of a lathe bed and a ground foot of the machine tool; optimizing the simplified geometric modeling model by using the cooperative topological optimization mathematical model to obtain an optimized geometric modeling model; acquiring a second finite element model of the machine tool according to the optimized geometric modeling model; performing multi-working-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis on the machine tool according to the second finite element model to obtain a second key parameter set of the machine tool; and when the second key parameter set is better than the first key parameter set, outputting a second finite element model to realize the collaborative optimization. So, through carrying out collaborative optimization to lathe bed and lower margin, improved the machining efficiency and the processing effect of lathe.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of machine tool structure optimization design, in particular to a collaborative optimization design method for a machine tool body and a foundation and a related product.
Background
In recent years, with the development of computer aided design technology, modern design methods such as finite element and topological optimization have been applied to the structural design and optimization of machine tools. For people, how to utilize the modern design method to carry out better design and optimization on the machine tool structure becomes the key.
In order to meet the high-precision machining requirement of the machine tool, the static and dynamic characteristics of the machine tool body structure need to be improved to the maximum extent, so that the machine tool body structure has high rigidity and better vibration resistance. Meanwhile, the ground feet are used as important parts for supporting the machine tool, and the layout of the ground feet has important significance for keeping the stability of the machine tool and improving the machining effect of the machine tool. Most of the traditional bed body design and the traditional ground foot layout design are optimized according to experience and determined ground foot positions, but the current ground foot positions and the current ground foot number are not necessarily the most suitable, and the optimized structures of different ground feet are necessarily different. Therefore, the design method not only has low design efficiency, but also does not meet the increasing design requirements of machine tools.
Therefore, how to improve the machining efficiency of the machine tool and improve the machining effect is a problem which needs to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a collaborative optimization design method of a machine tool body and a ground foot and related products, and the problems of low machining efficiency and poor machining effect of the existing machine tool are solved by carrying out collaborative optimization on the machine tool body and the ground foot.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for collaborative optimization design of a machine tool body and a ground foot, including:
simplifying each structural component of the machine tool to obtain a simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool;
acquiring a first finite element model of the machine tool according to the simplified geometric modeling model;
performing multi-working-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis on the machine tool according to the first finite element model to obtain a first key parameter set of the machine tool;
determining the optimized structure design domain of the machine tool body and the ground feet;
optimizing the simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool by utilizing a cooperative topological optimization mathematical model in combination with the optimized structure design domain to obtain an optimized geometric modeling model;
acquiring a second finite element model of the machine tool according to the optimized geometric modeling model;
performing multi-working-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis on the machine tool according to the second finite element model to obtain a second key parameter group of the machine tool;
and when the second key parameter group is superior to the first key parameter group, outputting the second finite element model to realize the cooperative optimization of the lathe bed and the ground foot of the machine tool.
Optionally, the simplifying processing is performed on each structural component of the machine tool to obtain a simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool, and the simplifying processing includes:
acquiring a three-dimensional structure model of a machine tool;
splitting the three-dimensional structure model, and reserving key structural units to obtain a simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool;
the key structural unit includes: removing a lathe bed, a foundation, a stand column, a cross beam, a guide rail slide block and a moving part with target characteristics;
the target features include: bolt holes, chamfers, fillets and bosses.
Optionally, the obtaining a first finite element model of the machine tool according to the simplified geometric modeling model includes:
importing the simplified geometric modeling model into finite element software;
inputting the material parameters of the key structure unit in the simplified geometric modeling model into finite element software to obtain a first finite element model of the machine tool;
the material parameters include: density, modulus of elasticity, and poisson's ratio.
Optionally, the performing multi-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis on the machine tool according to the first finite element model to obtain a first key parameter set of the machine tool includes:
performing multi-working-condition dynamics analysis on the machine tool according to the first finite element model to obtain a first dynamics key parameter of the machine tool;
the multi-condition dynamics analysis comprises: one or more of whole machine structure modal analysis and harmonic response analysis or frequency response analysis for simulating the dynamic cutting process of the machine tool;
the first kinetic key parameter comprises: one or more of natural frequency, vibration mode, and critical displacement amplitude;
performing multi-working-condition statics analysis on the machine tool according to the first finite element model to obtain a first statics key parameter of the machine tool;
the multi-condition statics analysis comprises: one or more of deformation analysis of the machine tool when the respective structural components of the machine tool are in different positions and postures, deformation analysis of the machine tool when the respective structural components of the machine tool are in an acceleration/deceleration state, and deformation analysis of the machine tool when the machine tool is subjected to cutting forces in different directions;
the first statics critical parameter comprises: one or more of a deformation amount, a center of gravity displacement amount, a displacement amount of the principal axis end face, a mass, and a volume.
Optionally, the determining the optimized structure design domain of the bed and the ground feet of the machine tool includes:
processing the simplified geometric modeling model, filling a machine body in the simplified geometric modeling model into a solid structure, and reserving the actual overall dimension of the machine body;
expanding a circle of boss for the bottom of the lathe bed according to the actual overall dimension of the lathe bed;
defining the lathe bed as a first optimized structure design domain;
defining the panel as a second optimized structural design domain.
Optionally, the optimizing the simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool by using a cooperative topological optimization mathematical model in combination with the optimized structure design domain to obtain an optimized geometric modeling model includes:
determining an optimization objective;
establishing a corresponding collaborative topological optimization mathematical model according to the optimization target;
and carrying out optimization design on the first optimization structure design domain and the second optimization structure design domain in the simplified geometric modeling model by using the collaborative topological optimization mathematical model to obtain an optimized geometric modeling model.
Optionally, the method further includes:
when the first key parameter group is superior to the second key parameter group, adjusting the cooperative topological optimization mathematical model to optimize the simplified geometric modeling model again to obtain a secondary optimized geometric modeling model;
acquiring a third finite element model of the machine tool according to the secondary optimization geometric modeling model;
performing multi-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis on the machine tool according to the third finite element model to obtain a third key parameter group of the machine tool;
and when the third key parameter group is better than the first key parameter group, outputting the third finite element model to realize the cooperative optimization of the lathe bed and the ground feet of the machine tool.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a collaborative optimal design device for a machine tool bed and a ground foot, including:
the simplified processing module is used for carrying out simplified processing on each structural component of the machine tool to obtain a simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool;
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring a first finite element model of the machine tool according to the simplified geometric modeling model;
the first mechanics analysis module is used for carrying out multi-working-condition dynamic and static mechanics analysis on the machine tool according to the first finite element model to obtain a first key parameter group of the machine tool;
the determining module is used for determining the optimized structure design domain of the lathe bed and the ground feet of the machine tool;
the optimization module is used for optimizing the simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool by utilizing a cooperative topological optimization mathematical model in combination with the optimized structure design domain to obtain an optimized geometric modeling model;
the second acquisition module is used for acquiring a second finite element model of the machine tool according to the optimized geometric modeling model;
the second mechanics analysis module is used for carrying out multi-working-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis on the machine tool according to the second finite element model to obtain a second key parameter group of the machine tool;
and the output module is used for outputting the second finite element model when the second key parameter set is better than the first key parameter set, so as to realize the cooperative optimization of the lathe bed and the ground feet of the machine tool.
The third aspect, the application provides a collaborative optimal design equipment of lathe bed and lower margin includes:
a memory for storing a computer program;
and the processor is used for realizing the steps of the method for cooperatively and optimally designing the machine tool body and the ground feet when the computer program is executed.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for collaborative optimization design of a machine tool body and a ground foot according to any one of the above.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has the following advantages that:
according to the method, each structural component of the machine tool is simplified to obtain a simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool, and a first finite element model of the machine tool is obtained according to the simplified geometric modeling model. And then carrying out multi-working-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis on the machine tool according to the first finite element model to obtain a first key parameter set of the machine tool. And then determining the optimized structure design domains of the machine tool body and the ground feet of the machine tool, and optimizing the simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool by utilizing the cooperative topological optimization mathematical model to obtain an optimized geometric modeling model. And then, acquiring a second finite element model of the machine tool according to the optimized geometric modeling model, and carrying out multi-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis on the machine tool according to the second finite element model to obtain a second key parameter group of the machine tool. And finally, comparing the first key parameter group with the second key parameter group, and outputting a second finite element model when the second key parameter group is superior to the first key parameter group, so as to realize the cooperative optimization of the lathe bed and the ground feet of the machine tool. So, through carrying out collaborative optimization to lathe bed and lower margin, improved the machining efficiency and the processing effect of lathe.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for collaborative optimization design of a machine tool body and a ground pin according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cooperative optimization design device for a machine tool body and a ground foot provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
As mentioned above, the existing bed design and foot layout design are mostly based on experience, and are usually optimized according to the determined foot position, but the current foot position and number are not necessarily the most suitable, and the optimized structure of different foot selections is necessarily different. Therefore, the design method not only has low design efficiency, but also does not meet the increasing design requirements of machine tools. Specifically, when the material, the manufacturing process and the internal rib plate structure of the machine tool body are fixed, the layout of the ground feet has an important influence on the working performance of the machine tool body, the layout of the ground feet can be influenced by the layout of the internal rib plate structure of the machine tool body, and finally, the load on the machine tool can be transmitted to the ground feet through the trend of the rib plate structure.
In order to solve the above problem, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for collaborative optimization design of a machine tool body and a ground foot, where the method includes: simplifying each structural component of the machine tool to obtain a simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool, and acquiring a first finite element model of the machine tool according to the simplified geometric modeling model. And then, carrying out multi-working-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis on the machine tool according to the first finite element model to obtain a first key parameter group of the machine tool. And then determining the optimized structure design domain of the machine tool body and the ground feet, and optimizing the simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool by utilizing the cooperative topological optimization mathematical model to obtain the optimized geometric modeling model. And then, acquiring a second finite element model of the machine tool according to the optimized geometric modeling model, and carrying out multi-working-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis on the machine tool according to the second finite element model to obtain a second key parameter group of the machine tool. And finally, comparing the first key parameter group with the second key parameter group, and outputting a second finite element model when the second key parameter group is superior to the first key parameter group to realize the cooperative optimization of the lathe bed and the ground feet of the machine tool.
So, through carrying out collaborative optimization to lathe bed and lower margin, improved the machining efficiency and the processing effect of lathe.
It should be noted that the cooperative optimization design method for the machine tool body and the ground feet and the related products provided by the application can be used in the technical field of optimization design of the machine tool structure. The above description is only an example, and does not limit the application fields of the collaborative optimization design method for the machine tool body and the ground foot and related products provided by the present application.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a collaborative optimization design method for a machine tool body and a ground foot provided in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to fig. 1, a method for collaborative optimization design of a machine tool body and a foot margin provided in an embodiment of the present application may include:
s101: and simplifying each structural component of the machine tool to obtain a simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool.
In practical application, in order to design the machine tool body and the ground feet conveniently, all structural components of the machine tool generally need to be simplified, and unnecessary structural components are removed, so that the design is simpler and more convenient. A conventional lathe generally comprises a lathe bed, a headstock, a gearbox, a feed box, an optical fiber, a lead screw, a slide box, a tool rest, a foot rest and a tailstock, wherein each part comprises a plurality of fine parts. Therefore, there is a need in the present application to simplify the components of these lathes, preserving the basic structural model, and thus obtaining a simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool.
In addition, since different simplified geometric modeling models may be used for different design requirements, the present application may explain possible simplified processing approaches.
Under a condition, to the stability demand of lathe bed and lower margin. Accordingly, S101: simplifying each structural component of the machine tool to obtain a simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool, which may specifically include:
acquiring a three-dimensional structure model of a machine tool;
splitting the three-dimensional structure model, and reserving key structural units to obtain a simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool;
the key structural unit includes: removing the lathe bed, the ground feet, the upright posts, the cross beams, the guide rail sliding blocks and the moving parts with target characteristics;
the target features include: bolt holes, chamfers, fillets and bosses.
In practical applications, it is first necessary to obtain a three-dimensional structural model of a machine tool in order to simplify the structure of the machine tool. The method for obtaining the three-dimensional structure model of the machine tool can be realized by three-dimensional modeling software. For example, a technician may construct a three-dimensional structure model of a machine tool using three-dimensional modeling software according to a drawing of the machine tool, and then send the three-dimensional structure model to the collaborative optimization design apparatus. And when the three-dimensional structure model of the machine tool is obtained, simplifying the model according to design requirements, namely splitting the three-dimensional structure model, and reserving key structure units to obtain a simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool. Wherein key constitutional unit corresponds with the design demand, what remain in this application is lathe bed, lower margin, stand, crossbeam, guide rail slider and moving part. Besides, structural units such as optical fibers, tool holders and the like can be selected and reserved according to other design requirements. It is noted that simplification also includes simplification of a single structural unit. For example, micro features such as bolt holes, chamfers, fillets and bosses in the bed, ground feet, columns, beams, rail blocks and moving parts are removed.
S102: and acquiring a first finite element model of the machine tool according to the simplified geometric modeling model.
In practical application, in order to split each structural unit and to show the connection relationship between each structural unit more clearly, a finite element model can be used for implementation. For example, the simplified geometric modeling model is converted into the first finite element model, so that discretization of each structural unit of the machine tool in a grid unit form is realized, and the grid units are connected by adopting common nodes, so that each structural unit of the machine tool and the connection among the structural units are clearly shown.
In addition, since the manner of obtaining the first finite element model is different, the present application may explain possible ways of obtaining.
In one case, a first finite element model is directed to how the machine tool is acquired. Accordingly, S102: obtaining a first finite element model of the machine tool according to the simplified geometric modeling model, which may specifically include:
importing the simplified geometric modeling model into finite element software;
inputting the material parameters of the key structure unit in the simplified geometric modeling model into finite element software to obtain a first finite element model of the machine tool;
the material parameters include: density, modulus of elasticity, and poisson's ratio.
In practical applications, the simplified geometric modeling model may be converted into the first finite element model by the finite element software by directly importing the three-dimensional structural model, i.e. the simplified geometric modeling model, into the finite element software. It should be noted that the finite element model can assign material parameters to each structural element, and the design requirements can be met by adjusting the material parameters. Wherein the material parameters include, but are not limited to, density, modulus of elasticity, and poisson's ratio.
S103: and carrying out multi-working-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis on the machine tool according to the first finite element model to obtain a first key parameter group of the machine tool.
In practical application, relevant parameters such as the size and the material of each structural unit are recorded in the finite element model. Therefore, in the application, multi-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis can be performed through the obtained first finite element model and the relevant parameters of each structural unit of the first finite element model, so that a group of test results, namely a first key parameter group, can be obtained. For example, if the first finite element model is subjected to a harmonic response analysis that simulates the dynamic cutting process of the machine tool, then the corresponding harmonic response analysis value should be found in the first set of key parameters.
In addition, different multi-working-condition dynamic and static mechanical analyses can be performed according to different design requirements, so that the possible multi-working-condition dynamic and static mechanical analyses can be explained.
Under a condition, to the stability demand of lathe bed and lower margin. Accordingly, S103: performing multi-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis on the machine tool according to the first finite element model to obtain a first key parameter set of the machine tool, which may specifically include:
performing multi-working-condition dynamics analysis on the machine tool according to the first finite element model to obtain a first dynamics key parameter of the machine tool;
the multi-working-condition dynamic analysis comprises the following steps: one or more of whole machine structure modal analysis and harmonic response analysis or frequency response analysis for simulating the dynamic cutting process of the machine tool;
the first kinetic key parameter comprises: one or more of natural frequency, mode shape, and critical displacement amplitude;
performing multi-working-condition statics analysis on the machine tool according to the first finite element model to obtain a first statics key parameter of the machine tool;
the multi-condition statics analysis comprises: one or more of deformation analysis of the machine tool when the respective structural components of the machine tool are in different positions and postures, deformation analysis of the machine tool when the respective structural components of the machine tool are in an acceleration/deceleration state, and deformation analysis of the machine tool when the machine tool is subjected to cutting forces in different directions;
the first statics critical parameter comprises: one or more of a deformation amount, a center of gravity displacement amount, a displacement amount of the principal axis end face, a mass, and a volume.
In practical application, the first finite element model can be subjected to multi-condition dynamic analysis and multi-condition static analysis respectively. Generally, in order to visually indicate the cooperation condition of the machine tool body and the ground feet, the moving part structural unit can be positioned at different positions and postures, and deformation analysis can be performed on the machine tool. For example, the deformation analysis of the machine tool under the inertia force when the moving part structural unit is in the acceleration and deceleration state; and (3) analyzing the deformation of the machine tool when the tool nose is subjected to cutting forces in different directions. Key parameters that can be extracted in the statics analysis include, but are not limited to: deformation value of key position of the guide rail of the machine body, gravity center displacement of a moving part, displacement of the end surface of the main shaft, mass and volume of the machine body and distribution and volume of the ground feet. In addition, the whole structure modal analysis of each joint part can be carried out; the method is used for harmonic response analysis or frequency response analysis and the like of the dynamic cutting process of the simulation machine tool. Key parameters that can be extracted in kinetic analysis include, but are not limited to: the natural frequency and the mode of the certain order or several orders of the machine tool, and the key displacement amplitude of the machine tool in the harmonic response analysis or the frequency response analysis. Therefore, multi-working-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis is carried out on the machine tool according to the first finite element model, and then the first key parameter group of the machine tool can be obtained.
S104: and determining the optimized structure design domain of the lathe bed and the ground feet of the machine tool.
In practical application, the required design domain can be selected according to the design requirement. In this application, in order to realize the cooperative optimization of the machine tool body and the ground feet, it is necessary to select a design domain that is helpful for the machine tool body and the ground feet, that is, an optimized structure design domain of the machine tool body and the ground feet.
In addition, the selection of the optimized structure design domain of the machine tool body and the ground foot can be different, so the optimized structure design domain which can be selected can be explained in the application.
In one case, the domain is designed for an optimal structure of how to select the bed and the ground feet of the machine tool. Accordingly, S104: determining the optimized structure design domain of the machine tool body and the ground feet, and specifically comprising the following steps:
processing the simplified geometric modeling model, filling a machine body in the simplified geometric modeling model into a solid structure, and reserving the actual overall dimension of the machine body;
expanding a circle of boss for the bottom of the lathe bed according to the actual overall dimension of the lathe bed;
defining the lathe bed as a first optimized structure design domain;
defining the panel as a second optimized structural design domain.
In practical application, the simplified geometric modeling model is further processed, an inner cavity structure of a lathe bed filled with rib plates is filled into a solid structure, only the actual overall dimension of the lathe bed is reserved, and a circle of boss is expanded at the bottom of the lathe bed according to the dimension of a supporting foot margin to obtain the machine tool geometric modeling model for optimization; defining the lathe bed as a first design domain, namely a first optimized structure design domain, defining a circle of boss expanded at the bottom of the lathe bed as a second design domain, namely a second optimized structure design domain, and defining other structural units as non-design domains.
S105: and optimizing the simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool by utilizing a cooperative topological optimization mathematical model in combination with the optimized structure design domain to obtain an optimized geometric modeling model.
In practical application, after the optimized structural design domains of the machine tool body and the ground feet of the machine tool are determined, the optimized simplified geometric modeling model can be optimized by utilizing the cooperative topological optimization mathematical model, and the optimized modeling model is called as an optimized geometric modeling model. It should be noted that topology optimization is a mathematical method for optimizing material distribution in a given design area according to given load conditions, constraints and performance indexes, and is a structural optimization. In the application, different collaborative topological optimization mathematical models can be selected according to different design requirements to optimize the simplified geometric modeling model.
In addition, different design requirements for the machine tool may correspond to different optimization methods, so the present application may explain possible optimization methods.
In one case, the optimized geometric modeling model is derived for how the simplified geometric modeling model is optimized. Accordingly, S105: and optimizing the simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool by using a collaborative topological optimization mathematical model in combination with the optimized structural design domain to obtain an optimized geometric modeling model, which specifically comprises:
determining an optimization objective;
establishing a corresponding collaborative topological optimization mathematical model according to the optimization target;
and carrying out optimization design on the first optimization structure design domain and the second optimization structure design domain in the simplified geometric modeling model by using the cooperative topological optimization mathematical model to obtain an optimized geometric modeling model.
In practical applications, for optimizing the simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool using a collaborative topological optimization mathematical model, an optimization objective needs to be determined first. For example, the design method is suitable for the design target of the light weight of the bed structure, the design target of improving the static rigidity of the bed structure, the design target of improving the dynamic characteristic of the structure, the design target of improving the comprehensive rigidity of the static dynamic characteristic of the structure, and the like. And selecting a corresponding collaborative topological optimization mathematical model according to different optimization targets, and carrying out design optimization on the selected optimization structure design domain in the simplified geometric modeling model according to the collaborative topological optimization mathematical model to obtain an optimized geometric modeling model.
S106: and acquiring a second finite element model of the machine tool according to the optimized geometric modeling model.
In practical applications, in order to analyze the optimized geometric modeling model, the optimized geometric modeling model needs to be converted into a finite element model including a plurality of structural elements and related parameters, i.e., a second finite element model.
S107: and carrying out multi-working-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis on the machine tool according to the second finite element model to obtain a second key parameter set of the machine tool.
In practical application, in order to compare whether the optimized machine tool is better than the initial machine tool, parameter values related to the machine tool performance need to be obtained. In the application, multi-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis can be performed on the machine tool according to the second finite element model, so that a second key parameter set of the machine tool is obtained.
S108: and when the second key parameter group is superior to the first key parameter group, outputting the second finite element model to realize the cooperative optimization of the lathe bed and the ground foot of the machine tool.
In practical applications, in order to determine whether the machine tool after design optimization is more excellent than the original machine tool in terms of machining efficiency and machining effect, the performance value of the machine tool after optimization is compared with the performance value of the machine tool before optimization, that is, the second key parameter set and the first key parameter set are compared. And when the numerical value of the second key parameter group is better than the numerical value of the first key parameter group as a whole, outputting the second finite element model to represent successful optimization, and realizing the cooperative optimization of the lathe bed and the ground feet of the machine tool. It should be noted that the numerical values in the parameter set are not as large as possible, and not as small as possible, but are rather related to the design requirements of each item, for example, when the weight reduction of the bed structure is taken as the design target, the smaller the parameter representing the volume of the bed is, the better; when the dynamic characteristic of the structure is improved as a design target, the larger the key natural frequency of the structure is, the better the structure is.
In addition, the comparison results for the second key parameter set and the first key parameter set may be different, so the present application may explain possible comparison results.
In one case, the first key parameter set is preferred over the second key parameter set. Correspondingly, the method further comprises the following steps:
when the first key parameter group is superior to the second key parameter group, adjusting the cooperative topological optimization mathematical model to optimize the simplified geometric modeling model again to obtain a secondary optimized geometric modeling model;
acquiring a third finite element model of the machine tool according to the secondary optimization geometric modeling model;
performing multi-working-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis on the machine tool according to the third finite element model to obtain a third key parameter group of the machine tool;
and when the third key parameter group is superior to the first key parameter group, outputting the third finite element model to realize the cooperative optimization of the lathe bed and the ground feet of the machine tool.
In practical applications, a failure of the collaborative optimization design apparatus or an error in selecting the collaborative topology optimization mathematical model may occur, which may result in that the performance value of the optimized machine tool is not the same as the performance value of the machine tool before optimization. Then, the collaborative topological optimization mathematical model can be adjusted to re-optimize the simplified geometric modeling model to obtain a secondary optimization geometric modeling model, then a third finite element model of the machine tool is obtained according to the secondary optimization geometric modeling model, and multi-working-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis is performed on the machine tool according to the third finite element model to obtain a third key parameter set of the machine tool. Therefore, the third key parameter group is compared with the first key parameter group, and when the third key parameter group is superior to the first key parameter group, a third finite element model is output, so that the cooperative optimization of the lathe bed and the ground feet of the machine tool is realized. It should be noted that, if the quadratic optimization geometric modeling model still cannot meet the design requirements, the collaborative topology optimization mathematical model may be continuously adjusted until the design requirements are met.
In addition, the application provides a collaborative topology optimization mathematical model taking the light weight of the lathe bed structure as an optimization target, and the collaborative topology optimization mathematical model comprises the following steps:
where x and y are arrays of design variables, i.e., the first structural optimization design domain Ω 1 And a second structurally optimized design domain Ω 2 The pseudo-density of each structural unit in the structure,x i represents the first structure in the optimal design domainiThe pseudo-density value of each of the cells,y j representing the second structurally optimized design DomainjPseudo density values of the individual cells;v i ，v j respectively representing the volume of the corresponding cell in the two design domains,V 1 is the total volume of the bed body;V 2 is the total volume of the ground feet,
setting an upper limit for the size of the foundation; k is the overall stiffness matrix, U, of the overall structure p Is a firstpCorresponding displacement vector in each case, F p Is a firstpCorresponding load vectors under the working conditions;d k is referred to as the firstkThe displacement of one of the key reference points,f l is referred to as structure NolThe natural frequency of the order of one,
and
respectively represent the corresponding upper and lower constraint limit values,n、m、r、s、qis the upper value limit.
In addition, the application provides a collaborative topological optimization mathematical model taking improvement of static rigidity of a lathe bed structure as an optimization target, and the collaborative topological optimization mathematical model comprises the following steps:
where x and y are arrays of design variables, i.e., the first structural optimization design field Ω 1 And a second structurally optimized design domain Ω 2 The pseudo-density of each of the structural units within,x i represents a first structural optimizationIn the meter domainiThe pseudo-density value of each of the cells,y j representing the second structurally optimized design DomainjPseudo density values of the individual cells;C w the method is characterized in that the flexibility of the structure is integrated, the flexibility of each static working condition of the structure is weighted, structural modal analysis is not included in the working conditions, K is a total rigidity matrix of the whole structure, U p Is as followspThe corresponding displacement vector under each working condition,
is a displacement vector, whereink p Is a firstpWeight occupied by a static condition, F p Is a firstpCorresponding load vectors under each working condition;v i ，v j respectively representing the volume of the corresponding cell in the two design domains,V 1 is the total volume of the lathe bed;V 2 is the total volume of the ground feet,
、
the volume requirement upper limit of the lathe bed and the volume requirement upper limit of the ground foot are respectively set;d k is referred to askThe displacement of one of the key reference points,f l is referred to as the structurelThe natural frequency of the order of one,
and
respectively represent the corresponding upper and lower constraint limit values,n、m、r、s、qis the upper value limit.
In addition, the application provides a collaborative topology optimization mathematical model with the goal of improving the structure dynamic characteristics as an optimization goal, and the collaborative topology optimization mathematical model is as follows:
where x and y are arrays of design variables, i.e., the first structural optimization design domain Ω 1 And a second structurally optimized design domain Ω 2 The pseudo-density of each of the structural units within,x i represents the first structure in the optimal design domainiThe pseudo-density value of each of the cells,y j representing the second structurally optimized design DomainjPseudo density values of the individual cells;f l is referred to as structure NolAn order natural frequency; k is the overall stiffness matrix, U, of the overall structure p Is a firstpCorresponding displacement vector in each case, F p Is a firstpCorresponding load vectors under the working conditions;v i ，v j respectively representing the volume of the corresponding cell in the two design domains,V 1 is the total volume of the lathe bed,V 2 is the total volume of the foundation,
、
the upper limit of the volume requirement of the lathe bed and the lower limit of the ground foot are respectively set;d k is referred to askThe displacement of one of the key reference points,
represents the upper value of the corresponding constraint,n、m、r、sis the upper value limit.
In addition, the application provides a cooperative topological optimization mathematical model taking improvement of the comprehensive rigidity of the static and dynamic characteristics of the structure as an optimization target, and the cooperative topological optimization mathematical model comprises the following steps:
where x and y are arrays of design variables, i.e., the first structural optimization design domain Ω 1 And a second structurally optimized design domain Ω 2 The pseudo-density of each structural unit in the structure,x i represents the first structure in the optimal design domainiThe pseudo-density value of each of the cells,y j representing the second structurally optimized design DomainjPseudo density values of the individual cells;Sfor structure flexibility index, represent the comprehensive flexibility of each operating mode of overall planning of structure, and include structural modal analysis in the operating mode, K is overall rigidity matrix, U of overall structure p Is a firstpThe corresponding displacement vector under each working condition,
is a displacement vector, whereink p Is as followspThe weight occupied by each static working condition;NORMin order to be a normalization factor, the method comprises the following steps of,θ t is structured astThe weight of the order mode working condition is occupied,λ t is a firsttEigenvalues of order-structured modal matrix, F p Is as followspCorresponding load vectors under each working condition;v i ，v j respectively representing the volume of the corresponding cell in the two design domains,V 1 is the total volume of the lathe bed,V 2 is the total volume of the ground feet,
、
the volume requirement upper limit of the lathe bed and the volume requirement upper limit of the ground foot are respectively set;d k is referred to as the firstkThe displacement of one of the key reference points,
represents the upper value of the corresponding constraint,n、m、r、sis the upper value limit.
In summary, in the present application, each structural component of the machine tool is simplified to obtain a simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool, and a first finite element model of the machine tool is obtained according to the simplified geometric modeling model. And then carrying out multi-working-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis on the machine tool according to the first finite element model to obtain a first key parameter set of the machine tool. And then determining the optimized structure design domain of the machine tool body and the ground feet, and optimizing the simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool by utilizing the cooperative topological optimization mathematical model to obtain the optimized geometric modeling model. And then, acquiring a second finite element model of the machine tool according to the optimized geometric modeling model, and carrying out multi-working-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis on the machine tool according to the second finite element model to obtain a second key parameter group of the machine tool. And finally, comparing the first key parameter group with the second key parameter group, and outputting a second finite element model when the second key parameter group is superior to the first key parameter group to realize the cooperative optimization of the lathe bed and the ground feet of the machine tool. So, through carrying out collaborative optimization to lathe bed and lower margin, improved the machining efficiency and the processing effect of lathe.
Based on the cooperative optimization design method for the machine tool body and the ground feet provided by the embodiment, the application further provides a cooperative optimization design device for the machine tool body and the ground feet. The following describes the cooperative optimization design device of the machine tool body and the ground margin with reference to the embodiment and the accompanying drawings respectively.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cooperative optimization design device for a machine tool body and a ground foot provided in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to fig. 2, a collaborative optimization design apparatus 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application may include:
the simplified processing module 201 is used for carrying out simplified processing on each structural component of the machine tool to obtain a simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool;
a first obtaining module 202, configured to obtain a first finite element model of the machine tool according to the simplified geometric modeling model;
the first mechanics analysis module 203 is used for performing multi-working-condition dynamic and static mechanics analysis on the machine tool according to the first finite element model to obtain a first key parameter group of the machine tool;
a determining module 204, configured to determine an optimized structure design domain of a bed and a foot of the machine tool;
an optimization module 205, configured to optimize the simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool by using a collaborative topological optimization mathematical model in combination with the optimized structural design domain to obtain an optimized geometric modeling model;
a second obtaining module 206, configured to obtain a second finite element model of the machine tool according to the optimized geometric modeling model;
the second dynamical analysis module 207 is configured to perform multi-condition dynamical and static mechanical analysis on the machine tool according to the second finite element model to obtain a second key parameter set of the machine tool;
and an output module 208, configured to output the second finite element model when the second key parameter set is better than the first key parameter set, so as to implement cooperative optimization of the bed and the ground of the machine tool.
As an embodiment, the simplified processing module 201 is specifically configured to, for how to perform simplified processing on each structural component of the machine tool:
acquiring a three-dimensional structure model of a machine tool;
splitting the three-dimensional structure model, and reserving key structural units to obtain a simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool;
the key structural unit includes: removing the lathe bed, the ground feet, the upright posts, the cross beams, the guide rail sliding blocks and the moving parts with target characteristics;
the target features include: bolt holes, chamfers, fillets and bosses.
As an implementation manner, the first obtaining module 202 is specifically configured to, for how to obtain the first finite element model of the machine tool:
importing the simplified geometric modeling model into finite element software;
inputting the material parameters of the key structure unit in the simplified geometric modeling model into finite element software to obtain a first finite element model of the machine tool;
the material parameters include: density, modulus of elasticity, and poisson's ratio.
As an embodiment, for how to perform multi-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis on the machine tool according to the first finite element model to obtain the first key parameter set of the machine tool, the first kinematic analysis module 203 is specifically configured to:
performing multi-working-condition dynamics analysis on the machine tool according to the first finite element model to obtain a first dynamics key parameter of the machine tool;
the multi-condition dynamics analysis comprises: one or more of whole machine structure modal analysis and harmonic response analysis or frequency response analysis for simulating the dynamic cutting process of the machine tool;
the first kinetic key parameter comprises: one or more of natural frequency, mode shape, and critical displacement amplitude;
performing multi-working-condition statics analysis on the machine tool according to the first finite element model to obtain a first statics key parameter of the machine tool;
the multi-condition statics analysis comprises: one or more of deformation analysis of the machine tool when the structural components of the machine tool are in different positions and postures, deformation analysis of the machine tool when the structural components of the machine tool are in an acceleration/deceleration state, and deformation analysis of the machine tool when the machine tool is subjected to cutting forces in different directions;
the first statics critical parameter comprises: one or more of a deformation amount, a center of gravity displacement amount, a displacement amount of the principal axis end face, a mass, and a volume.
As an embodiment, the determining module 204 is specifically configured to determine an optimal structural design domain of the bed and the ground feet of the machine tool, and is configured to:
processing the simplified geometric modeling model, filling a machine body in the simplified geometric modeling model into a solid structure, and reserving the actual overall dimension of the machine body;
expanding a circle of bosses for the bottom of the lathe bed according to the actual overall dimension of the lathe bed;
defining the lathe bed as a first optimized structure design domain;
defining the panel as a second optimized structural design domain.
As an embodiment, the optimization module 205 is specifically configured to optimize the simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool by using a collaborative topological optimization mathematical model to obtain an optimized geometric modeling model:
determining an optimization objective;
establishing a corresponding collaborative topological optimization mathematical model according to the optimization target;
and carrying out optimization design on the first optimization structure design domain and the second optimization structure design domain in the simplified geometric modeling model by using the collaborative topological optimization mathematical model to obtain an optimized geometric modeling model.
In one embodiment, when the first key parameter set is better than the second key parameter set, the collaborative optimization design apparatus 200 further includes:
a re-optimization module, configured to, when the first key parameter set is better than the second key parameter set, adjust the cooperative topological optimization mathematical model to re-optimize the simplified geometric modeling model, so as to obtain a secondary optimized geometric modeling model;
acquiring a third finite element model of the machine tool according to the secondary optimization geometric modeling model;
performing multi-working-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis on the machine tool according to the third finite element model to obtain a third key parameter group of the machine tool;
and when the third key parameter group is better than the first key parameter group, outputting the third finite element model to realize the cooperative optimization of the lathe bed and the ground feet of the machine tool.
In summary, in the present application, each structural component of the machine tool is simplified to obtain a simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool, and a first finite element model of the machine tool is obtained according to the simplified geometric modeling model. And then, carrying out multi-working-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis on the machine tool according to the first finite element model to obtain a first key parameter group of the machine tool. And then determining the optimized structure design domain of the machine tool body and the ground feet, and optimizing the simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool by utilizing the cooperative topological optimization mathematical model to obtain the optimized geometric modeling model. And then, acquiring a second finite element model of the machine tool according to the optimized geometric modeling model, and carrying out multi-working-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis on the machine tool according to the second finite element model to obtain a second key parameter group of the machine tool. And finally, comparing the first key parameter group with the second key parameter group, and outputting a second finite element model when the second key parameter group is superior to the first key parameter group to realize the cooperative optimization of the lathe bed and the ground feet of the machine tool. So, through carrying out collaborative optimization to lathe bed and lower margin, improved the machining efficiency and the processing effect of lathe.
In addition, this application still provides a collaborative optimal design equipment of lathe bed and lower margin, includes:
a memory for storing a computer program;
and the processor is used for realizing the steps of the method for cooperatively and optimally designing the machine tool body and the ground feet when the computer program is executed.
In addition, the application also provides a readable storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored on the readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program realizes the steps of the method for the collaborative optimization design of the machine tool body and the ground foot.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A collaborative optimization design method for a machine tool body and ground feet is characterized by comprising the following steps:
simplifying each structural component of the machine tool to obtain a simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool;
acquiring a first finite element model of the machine tool according to the simplified geometric modeling model;
performing multi-working-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis on the machine tool according to the first finite element model to obtain a first key parameter set of the machine tool;
determining the optimized structure design domain of the machine tool body and the ground feet;
optimizing the simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool by utilizing a cooperative topological optimization mathematical model in combination with the optimized structure design domain to obtain an optimized geometric modeling model;
acquiring a second finite element model of the machine tool according to the optimized geometric modeling model;
performing multi-working-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis on the machine tool according to the second finite element model to obtain a second key parameter set of the machine tool;
and when the second key parameter group is superior to the first key parameter group, outputting the second finite element model to realize the cooperative optimization of the lathe bed and the ground foot of the machine tool.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the simplified processing of the various structural components of the machine tool to obtain the simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool comprises:
acquiring a three-dimensional structure model of a machine tool;
splitting the three-dimensional structure model, and reserving key structure units to obtain a simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool;
the key structural unit includes: removing the lathe bed, the ground feet, the upright posts, the cross beams, the guide rail sliding blocks and the moving parts with target characteristics;
the target features include: bolt holes, chamfers, fillets and bosses.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein said obtaining a first finite element model of the machine tool from the simplified geometric modeling model comprises:
importing the simplified geometric modeling model into finite element software;
inputting the material parameters of the key structure unit in the simplified geometric modeling model into finite element software to obtain a first finite element model of the machine tool;
the material parameters include: density, modulus of elasticity, and poisson's ratio.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the performing multi-condition dynamic and static analysis on the machine tool according to the first finite element model to obtain a first key parameter set of the machine tool comprises:
performing multi-working-condition dynamic analysis on the machine tool according to the first finite element model to obtain a first dynamic key parameter of the machine tool;
the multi-condition dynamics analysis comprises: one or more of a complete machine structure modal analysis and a harmonic response analysis or a frequency response analysis for simulating the dynamic cutting process of the machine tool;
the first kinetic key parameter comprises: one or more of natural frequency, mode shape, and critical displacement amplitude;
performing multi-working-condition statics analysis on the machine tool according to the first finite element model to obtain a first statics key parameter of the machine tool;
the multi-condition statics analysis comprises: one or more of deformation analysis of the machine tool when the structural components of the machine tool are in different positions and postures, deformation analysis of the machine tool when the structural components of the machine tool are in an acceleration/deceleration state, and deformation analysis of the machine tool when the machine tool is subjected to cutting forces in different directions;
the first statics critical parameter comprises: one or more of a deformation amount, a center of gravity displacement amount, a displacement amount of the principal axis end face, a mass, and a volume.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining an optimized structural design field for a bed and a foot of the machine tool comprises:
processing the simplified geometric modeling model, filling a machine body in the simplified geometric modeling model into a solid structure, and reserving the actual overall dimension of the machine body;
expanding a circle of boss for the bottom of the lathe bed according to the actual overall dimension of the lathe bed;
defining the lathe bed as a first optimized structure design domain;
defining the plateau as a second optimal structural design domain.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein said optimizing the simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool using a collaborative topological optimization mathematical model in conjunction with the optimized structural design domain to obtain an optimized geometric modeling model comprises:
determining an optimization objective;
establishing a corresponding collaborative topological optimization mathematical model according to the optimization target;
and carrying out optimization design on the first optimization structure design domain and the second optimization structure design domain in the simplified geometric modeling model by using the collaborative topological optimization mathematical model to obtain an optimized geometric modeling model.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
when the first key parameter set is better than the second key parameter set, adjusting the cooperative topological optimization mathematical model to optimize the simplified geometric modeling model again to obtain a secondary optimized geometric modeling model;
acquiring a third finite element model of the machine tool according to the quadratic optimization geometric modeling model;
performing multi-working-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis on the machine tool according to the third finite element model to obtain a third key parameter group of the machine tool;
and when the third key parameter group is better than the first key parameter group, outputting the third finite element model to realize the cooperative optimization of the lathe bed and the ground feet of the machine tool.
8. The utility model provides a collaborative optimal design device of lathe bed and lower margin which characterized in that includes:
the simplified processing module is used for carrying out simplified processing on each structural component of the machine tool to obtain a simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool;
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring a first finite element model of the machine tool according to the simplified geometric modeling model;
the first mechanics analysis module is used for carrying out multi-working-condition dynamic and static mechanics analysis on the machine tool according to the first finite element model to obtain a first key parameter group of the machine tool;
the determining module is used for determining the optimized structure design domain of the lathe bed and the ground feet of the machine tool;
the optimization module is used for optimizing the simplified geometric modeling model of the machine tool by utilizing a cooperative topological optimization mathematical model in combination with the optimized structure design domain to obtain an optimized geometric modeling model;
the second acquisition module is used for acquiring a second finite element model of the machine tool according to the optimized geometric modeling model;
the second mechanics analysis module is used for carrying out multi-working-condition dynamic and static mechanical analysis on the machine tool according to the second finite element model to obtain a second key parameter group of the machine tool;
and the output module is used for outputting the second finite element model when the second key parameter set is better than the first key parameter set, so as to realize the cooperative optimization of the lathe bed and the ground feet of the machine tool.
9. The utility model provides a collaborative optimal design equipment of lathe bed and lower margin which characterized in that includes:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the steps of the method for collaborative optimal design of the machine tool body and the ground feet according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer program.
10. A readable storage medium, characterized in that the readable storage medium has stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of a method for collaborative optimal design of a machine bed and a foundation foot according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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