CN115220251B - Liquid crystal pixel unit, display circuit, transmission type and reflection type liquid crystal display device - Google Patents
Liquid crystal pixel unit, display circuit, transmission type and reflection type liquid crystal display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115220251B CN115220251B CN202210759443.3A CN202210759443A CN115220251B CN 115220251 B CN115220251 B CN 115220251B CN 202210759443 A CN202210759443 A CN 202210759443A CN 115220251 B CN115220251 B CN 115220251B
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 232
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000005374 Kerr effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002135 nanosheet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a liquid crystal pixel unit, a display circuit, a transmission type liquid crystal display device and a reflection type liquid crystal display device, wherein an electric field is applied to a liquid crystal box through a metal electrode, inorganic liquid crystal in the liquid crystal box has a larger electro-optical Col coefficient, and can achieve larger double refractive index under the same electric field intensity, so that larger phase deflection is realized, microspheres and an orientation layer are not required to be added into the inorganic liquid crystal layer, the metal electrode is arranged at two sides of the liquid crystal box, the light path direction of incident light is perpendicular to the electric field direction, the metal electrode does not block the light path, a transparent electrode is not required to be used, the structure is simple, the process complexity is reduced, and the cost is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of liquid crystal display, in particular to a liquid crystal pixel unit, a display circuit and a transmission type and reflection type liquid crystal display device.
Background
The liquid crystal is an optical anisotropic material, and the intrinsic optical characteristic of birefringence can be continuously regulated and controlled by an external field (electric field, magnetic field and the like), so that the liquid crystal is widely applied to the fields of display, spatial light modulator and the like related to light modulation. Electronically controlled displays based on liquid crystals have been in the possession of a fairly mature technology, with a annual market size exceeding $1000 billion.
However, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer of the existing liquid crystal display is limited to be in the micrometer level so as to realize lower voltage driving, which requires that an orientation layer is used at two sides of the liquid crystal layer to control the orientation and macroscopic long-range order of liquid crystal molecules, and microspheres with uniform shapes and sizes are used as a 'skeleton' of the liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal layer to realize parallel separation of electrodes with micrometer level spacing.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the application provides a liquid crystal pixel unit, a display circuit, a transmission type liquid crystal display device and a reflection type liquid crystal display device, which can solve the problems of complex device structure and manufacturing process and high cost.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, a liquid crystal pixel unit for refracting incident light includes: a liquid crystal box, wherein an inorganic liquid crystal layer is arranged in the liquid crystal box; and the two metal electrodes are oppositely arranged at two sides of the liquid crystal box and are used for applying an electric field to the inorganic liquid crystal layer, and the incident light is incident to the liquid crystal box from the third side of the liquid crystal box in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the electric field.
The liquid crystal pixel unit according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the application has at least the following advantages:
the incident light is incident from one side of the liquid crystal box in a direction perpendicular to the electric field, the inorganic liquid crystal in the inorganic liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal box deflects under the action of the electric field, the incident light is emitted from the liquid crystal box after being refracted by the inorganic liquid crystal, so that a display effect is realized.
According to some embodiments of the application, the liquid crystal display driving circuit includes: the liquid crystal material adopted by the inorganic liquid crystal layer is inorganic two-dimensional titanium oxide aqueous dispersion liquid.
A liquid crystal display circuit according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application includes: the liquid crystal pixel unit; and the output end of the liquid crystal display driving circuit is connected with the metal electrode and used for controlling the metal electrode to apply an electric field to the inorganic liquid crystal layer.
The liquid crystal display circuit according to the embodiment of the second aspect of the application has at least the following advantages:
the incident light is incident from one side of the liquid crystal box in a direction perpendicular to the electric field, the inorganic liquid crystal in the inorganic liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal box deflects under the action of the electric field, the incident light is emitted from the liquid crystal box after being refracted by the inorganic liquid crystal, so that a display effect is realized.
According to some embodiments of the application, the liquid crystal display driving circuit includes:
a signal generator;
the output end of the signal generator is connected with the input end of the signal amplifier;
the output end of the signal amplifier is connected with the input end of the switch module, and the output end of the switch module is connected with the input end of the metal electrode and used for generating electric fields with different intensities;
and the output end of the control module is connected with the control end of the switch module.
According to some embodiments of the application, the switch module is a relay array.
According to some embodiments of the application, the control module controls the open and closed states of each relay in the relay array separately by a hash addressing algorithm.
According to some embodiments of the application, the control module is an Arduino chip.
According to some embodiments of the application, the control module further comprises a communication module, wherein an output end of the communication module is connected with an input end of the control module.
According to an embodiment of the third aspect of the present application, a transmissive liquid crystal display device includes:
the liquid crystal display circuit;
the backlight source is arranged on the third side of the liquid crystal box, the output end of the liquid crystal display driving circuit is connected with the control end of the backlight source, and the backlight source is used for providing incident light for the liquid crystal box;
the polarizer is arranged between the backlight source and the liquid crystal box, and the incident light enters the liquid crystal box after passing through the polarizer;
and the polarization analyzer is arranged on one side of the liquid crystal box opposite to the polarizer, and the polarization direction of the polarization analyzer is orthogonal to the polarization direction of the polarizer.
The transmissive liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the third aspect of the present application has at least the following advantageous effects:
the incident light is incident from one side of the liquid crystal box in a direction perpendicular to the electric field, the inorganic liquid crystal in the inorganic liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal box deflects under the action of the electric field, the incident light is emitted from the liquid crystal box after being refracted by the inorganic liquid crystal, so that a display effect is realized.
A reflective liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the fourth aspect of the present application includes:
the liquid crystal display circuit;
the polarization analyzer is arranged on one side of the liquid crystal box, and the incident light enters the liquid crystal box after passing through the polarization analyzer;
and a reflecting mirror mounted on a side of the liquid crystal cell opposite to the analyzer for reflecting the incident light.
The reflective liquid crystal display device according to the fourth aspect of the present application has at least the following advantageous effects:
the incident light is incident from one side of the liquid crystal box in a direction perpendicular to the electric field, the inorganic liquid crystal in the inorganic liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal box deflects under the action of the electric field, the incident light is emitted from the liquid crystal box after being refracted by the inorganic liquid crystal, so that a display effect is realized.
Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application.
Drawings
The application is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a transmissive liquid crystal display device of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a reflective liquid crystal display device according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of a driving circuit according to the present application;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the change of birefringence of an aqueous dispersion of an inorganic two-dimensional titanium oxide of the present application at a concentration of 1g/L at different electric field strengths;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effect of an aqueous dispersion of inorganic two-dimensional titanium oxide of the present application at a concentration of 4g/L at different electric field strengths;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a liquid crystal display driving circuit according to the present application;
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the effect of the "SIGS" sequence of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a graph of brightness variation according to the present application;
fig. 9 is a luminance change chart b of the present application.
Reference numerals:
a liquid crystal cell 100;
a metal electrode 200;
a backlight 300;
a polarizer 400;
an analyzer 500;
a mirror 600;
a control module 710; a signal generator 720; a signal amplifier 730; the switch module 740, the communication module 750.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the application.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the direction or positional relationship indicated with respect to the description of the orientation, such as up, down, etc., is based on the direction or positional relationship shown in the drawings, is merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.
In the description of the present application, plural means two or more. The description of the first and second is for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present application, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present application can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.
The liquid crystal is an optical anisotropic material, and the intrinsic optical characteristic of birefringence can be continuously regulated and controlled by an external field (electric field, magnetic field and the like), so that the liquid crystal is widely applied to the fields of display, spatial light modulator and the like related to light modulation. Organic molecules are the main functional material of the current liquid crystal, and electronic control display devices based on the organic liquid crystal already have quite mature technology. However, the display technology based on the existing liquid crystal material and devices thereof still has certain defects, and the application of the liquid crystal material in a plurality of special light modulation fields such as intelligent light modulation glass, outdoor large-screen intelligent display, human body contact display, infant and special group display devices and the like is limited.
From the material point of view, the existing liquid crystal display device generally adopts rod-shaped organic molecules as optical active materials, and the optical modulation process is realized based on the electro-optical Kerr effect, namely, the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules is regulated by an electric field. However, the sensitivity of the electrical response of the rod-like organic molecules is low (electro-optical kerr coefficient K<10 -9 mV -2 ) The electric field intensity for driving the liquid crystal molecules is required to be more than 10 6 V/m. Therefore, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer of the existing liquid crystal display is limited to be in micrometer order to realize lower voltage driving, which requires that alignment layers are used on two sides of the liquid crystal layer to control the alignment and macroscopic long-range order of liquid crystal molecules, microspheres with uniform shape and size are used as a 'skeleton' of the liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal layer to realize parallel separation of electrodes with micrometer spacing, and transparent electrodes are used to apply to liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer under the condition that an optical path is parallel to an electric fieldThe electric field is applied, the phase deflection of the liquid crystal is ensured through the combined action of the orientation layer, the microsphere and the transparent electrode, the device structure and the manufacturing process are complex, and the cost is high.
In order to solve the above problems, the present application proposes a liquid crystal pixel unit, a display circuit, a transmissive and reflective liquid crystal display device.
The following describes in detail a liquid crystal pixel unit, a display circuit, a transmissive and reflective liquid crystal display device provided by the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, a liquid crystal pixel unit according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, for refracting incident light, includes: the liquid crystal box 100 and the two metal electrodes 200 are arranged in the liquid crystal box 100, the two metal electrodes 200 are oppositely arranged on two sides of the liquid crystal box 100, an electric field is applied to the inorganic liquid crystal layer, incident light is incident from one side of the liquid crystal box in a direction perpendicular to the electric field, the inorganic liquid crystal in the inorganic liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal box deflects under the action of the electric field, the incident light is emitted from the liquid crystal box after being refracted by the inorganic liquid crystal, the display effect is realized, and as the inorganic liquid crystal has a larger electro-optical Col coefficient, a larger birefringence can be achieved under the same electric field intensity, thus larger phase deflection is realized, microspheres and an orientation layer are not required to be added in the inorganic liquid crystal layer, the metal electrodes are arranged on two sides of the liquid crystal box, the light path direction of the incident light is perpendicular to the electric field direction, the metal electrodes do not block the light path, a transparent electrode is not required to be used, the structure is simple, the process complexity is reduced, and the cost is greatly reduced.
The liquid crystal material adopted by the inorganic liquid crystal layer is inorganic two-dimensional titanium oxide aqueous phase dispersion liquid, the concentration of the inorganic two-dimensional titanium oxide aqueous phase dispersion liquid is 0.001-15 g/L, the optical band gap of titanium oxide is more than 3.5eV, the ratio of the transverse dimension to the thickness is more than 100, and the electro-optical Kerr coefficient is 10 -6 mV -2 As described above, the color development can be changed by changing the concentration of the aqueous inorganic two-dimensional titanium oxide dispersion, for example, the aqueous inorganic two-dimensional titanium oxide dispersion having a concentration of 1g/L shows yellow and the aqueous inorganic two-dimensional titanium oxide dispersion having a concentration of 2g/L shows purplish red under a sine wave signal having a voltage amplitude of 20 to 50V and a frequency of 50 Hz. Inorganic liquid crystalCompared with organic liquid crystal, the ultraviolet light stabilizer has the advantages of solving the problems of performance degradation or service life shortening and the like under ultraviolet light, and expanding the application scene with strong ultraviolet light such as outdoors. The electro-optical Col coefficients of the inorganic two-dimensional titanium oxide aqueous dispersion liquid under different electric field intensities are different, as shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is a graph of the change of the double refractive index of the inorganic two-dimensional titanium oxide aqueous dispersion liquid with the concentration of 1g/L under different electric field intensities, and the slope of straight line fitting in FIG. 4 is the electro-optical Col coefficient. The inorganic two-dimensional titanium oxide aqueous dispersion liquid has different display effects under different electric field intensities, as shown in fig. 5, and fig. 5 is a graph showing the display effects of the inorganic two-dimensional titanium oxide aqueous dispersion liquid with the concentration of 4g/L under different electric field intensities.
The inorganic liquid crystal layer can also adopt other inorganic liquid crystal materials, and can meet the optical band gap of more than 3.5eV and the electro-optical Col coefficient of 1e -6 mV -2 The above steps are all that is needed.
The following describes the preparation method of the inorganic two-dimensional titanium oxide aqueous dispersion liquid:
s100, uniformly mixing titanium dioxide, potassium carbonate and lithium carbonate in a corundum crucible according to the molar ratio of K to Ti to Li to O=0.8 (5.2/3) to (0.8/3) to 4, fully grinding, heating to 700 ℃ in a muffle furnace at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and keeping heat treatment for 5 hours; taking out a sample obtained by heat treatment, placing the sample in a corundum crucible at room temperature, uniformly mixing, fully grinding, heating to 1000 ℃ in a muffle furnace at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and keeping heat treatment for 20 hours;
s200, mixing the sample obtained in the step S100 with 200mL of hydrochloric acid 0.1-5M, and continuously magnetically stirring for 4 days; after standing, collecting the precipitate, washing 3 times by using deionized water and drying in an oven;
s300, mixing the sample obtained in the step S200 with tetrabutylammonium hydroxide solution, and standing for 5 hours at room temperature;
s400, mixing the sample obtained in the step S200 with deionized water to prepare a suspension of 0.001-15 g/L, and mechanically oscillating for 48 hours to obtain a stable aqueous phase dispersion of the two-dimensional titanium oxide;
s500, in order to remove the influence of ions in the solution on the electrical response of the two-dimensional nano-sheets, centrifuging the stable aqueous dispersion of the two-dimensional titanium oxide obtained in the step S400 at 25 ℃ and a rotational speed of 20000g for 1h, removing the supernatant after centrifugation to obtain a precipitate, adding deionized water into the precipitate, re-dispersing the precipitate by using a vortex oscillator, and continuing to centrifuge after obtaining a stable aqueous dispersion of the two-dimensional titanium oxide;
s600, repeating the step S500 for ten times, and reducing the ionic strength of the stable aqueous dispersion of the two-dimensional titanium oxide to 10 -3 And (3) obtaining the inorganic two-dimensional titanium oxide aqueous dispersion liquid with mol/L or less.
The method of manufacturing the liquid crystal cell 100 is described as follows:
placing the centrifuged 600 mu L inorganic two-dimensional titanium oxide aqueous dispersion with the concentration of 4g/L in a cuvette with the size of 12.5 x 7.5 x 20mm, respectively placing two flaky copper electrodes with the size of 35mm x 5mm x 1mm on two sides of the inner wall of the cuvette, fixing the copper electrodes through clamping grooves, sealing the opening of the cuvette with epoxy resin in the direction perpendicular to the light path, and obtaining the liquid crystal box 100. The thickness of the cuvette is millimeter level, and the material of the cuvette has optical isotropy.
A liquid crystal display circuit according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application includes: the output end of the liquid crystal display driving circuit is connected with the metal electrode 200, the liquid crystal display driving circuit controls the metal electrode 200 to apply an electric field to the inorganic liquid crystal layer, incident light is incident from one side of the liquid crystal box in a direction perpendicular to the electric field, the inorganic liquid crystal in the inorganic liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal box deflects under the action of the electric field, the incident light is refracted by the inorganic liquid crystal and then is emitted from the liquid crystal box, the display effect is realized, and as the inorganic liquid crystal has a larger electro-optical Col coefficient, a larger birefringence index can be achieved under the same electric field intensity, thus larger phase deflection is realized, microspheres and orientation layers are not needed to be added in the inorganic liquid crystal layer, the metal electrode is arranged on two sides of the liquid crystal box, the light path direction of the incident light is perpendicular to the electric field direction, the metal electrode does not need to block the light path, the transparent electrode is not needed, the structure is simple, the process complexity is reduced, and the cost is greatly reduced.
Referring to fig. 3, the liquid crystal display driving circuit includes: the liquid crystal display device comprises a control module 710, a signal generator 720, a signal amplifier 730, a switch module 740 and a communication module 750, wherein the output end of the signal generator 720 is connected with the input end of the signal amplifier 730, the output end of the signal amplifier 730 is connected with the input end of the switch module 740, the output end of the switch module 740 is connected with the input end of the metal electrode 200 for generating electric fields with different intensities, the output end of the control module 710 is connected with the control end of the switch module 740, the output end of the communication module 750 is connected with the input end of the control module 710, the frequency of the signal generated by the signal generator and the gain of the signal amplifier are manually adjusted, the signal generator 720 outputs sine waves with the amplitude of 0-1V and the frequency of 50-1 MHz, the signal amplifier 730 amplifies the sine wave amplitude output by the signal generator 720 to 0-220V, the amplified sine waves are input into a high-voltage input port of the switch module 740, the control module 710 controls the switch module 740 to be closed, the amplified sine waves are input into the metal electrode 200 through the switch module 740, the electric fields with different intensities can be generated between the two metal electrodes 200, and different color development effects are generated by the liquid crystal display box 100 under different electric fields with different intensities. The control module 710 is an Arduino chip, and the Arduino chip is Arduino Uno or Arduino Mega 2560, and may be replaced by a single chip. The switch module 740 is a relay array. The communication module 750 is a wireless communication module, and may implement communication between the control module 710 and the mobile terminal. The frequency of the signal generated by the signal generator 720 and the amount of gain of the signal amplifier 730 may also be automatically adjusted by an Arduino chip or a single chip microcomputer.
The liquid crystal display driving circuit employing the relay array of 5×3 specification is described below.
The output end of the signal generator 720 is connected to the input end of the signal amplifier 730, the output end of the signal amplifier 730 is connected to the input end of the relay array block, and referring to fig. 6, the 15 output ends of the Arduino chip are respectively connected to the control ends of the 15 relays in the relay array, the output ends of the 15 relays are respectively connected to the input ends of one metal electrode 200 corresponding to the liquid crystal cell 100, and the corresponding other metal electrode 200 is grounded. If the relay is closed, the sine wave signal generated by the signal generator is input to the metal electrode 200 after being amplified by the signal amplifier, the metal electrode 200 applies an electric field to the liquid crystal cell 100, the liquid crystal cell is in a bright state, and when the relay is opened, the electric field disappears, and the liquid crystal cell is in a dark state.
The liquid crystal display driving circuit may employ a relay array of any n×m specification (where n and m are integers greater than 1) as required.
The control module 710 is provided with a liquid crystal display addressing method for controlling an on/off state of each relay in the relay array, respectively, the liquid crystal display addressing method comprising the steps of:
s100, identifying a display mode and a display sequence according to a display signal input into the control module 710, wherein the display mode comprises an alphabetic mode, a numeric mode and an alphanumeric mode;
s200, under the condition of a preset hash table, splitting a display sequence into letters or numbers, checking through a checking algorithm to ensure that no abnormal input exists, inputting the letters or numbers into a hash addressing algorithm after checking, taking the letters or numbers as key values of the hash table, and determining corresponding address values in the hash table according to the input key values, wherein the address values corresponding to the key values in the hash table are control end addresses of all relays in a relay matrix;
s300, controlling the corresponding relay to be closed according to the determined address value.
Compared with the linear addressing technology adopted by the traditional liquid crystal display, the liquid crystal display addressing method adopting the hash addressing algorithm can reduce the time complexity of searching from O (n) to O (1), reduce the addressing time and accelerate the addressing speed.
The display signal includes a mode portion and a sequences portion, the mode portion corresponding to a display mode and the sequences portion corresponding to a display sequence. The Mode section may receive three inputs: digit, letter and mix, digit corresponds to a numerical mode, letter corresponds to an alphabetic mode, mix corresponds to an alphanumeric mixed mode, and the contents of the input mode part and the sequences part are data structures of character strings. Then, the algorithm uses the corresponding principle of the character string to judge the display mode, and the specific logic is input mode= = "digit"/"letter"/"mix", so that the display mode can be judged.
The liquid crystal display addressing method will be described below by taking a display signal with a display sequence of "SIGS" as an example, with the display mode being a button.
S100, identifying a display mode and a display sequence according to a display signal input into the control module 710;
s200, after confirming that the Mode part is a letter, judging whether the SIGS of the sequence part is all letters, confirming that the SIGS is all letters, and inputting the characters of S, I, G and S into a hash addressing algorithm in sequence as key values of a hash table, and determining corresponding address values in the hash table according to the key values, wherein the display Mode corresponds to a display sequence;
s300, controlling the corresponding relay to be closed according to the determined address value, and displaying the SIGS sequence. As shown in fig. 7, fig. 7 is a diagram showing the effect of the "SIGS" sequence.
Referring to fig. 1, a transmissive liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of a third aspect of the present application includes: the output end of the control module 710 is connected with one metal electrode 200, the other corresponding metal electrode 200 is grounded, the control module 710 controls the metal electrode 200 to apply an electric field to the inorganic liquid crystal layer, the backlight 300 is arranged on the third side of the liquid crystal box 100, the output end of the control module 710 is connected with the control end of the backlight 300, the backlight 300 provides incident light to the liquid crystal box 100, the polarizer 400 is arranged between the backlight 300 and the liquid crystal box 100, the polarizing direction of the polarizer 400 forms an angle of 45 degrees with the direction of the electric field, the analyzer 500 is arranged on the opposite side of the liquid crystal box 100 and the polarizer 400, and the polarizing direction of the analyzer 500 is orthogonal to the polarizing direction of the polarizer 400. Backlight 300 is an LED, and an OLED may be used instead. The metal electrode 200 is a copper electrode, and a silver electrode or an aluminum electrode can be used instead.
The backlight 300 is controlled to be opened by the control module 710, an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal box 100 by the metal electrode 200, incident light emitted by the backlight 300 enters from one side of the liquid crystal box 100 in a direction perpendicular to the electric field after passing through the polarizer 400, inorganic liquid crystals in the inorganic liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal box 100 deflect under the action of the electric field, the incident light is refracted by the inorganic liquid crystals and then is emitted by the analyzer 500, the display effect is realized, and as the inorganic liquid crystals have larger electro-optical cole coefficients, the larger birefringence can be achieved under the same electric field intensity, thus larger phase deflection is realized, microspheres and orientation layers are not needed to be added in the inorganic liquid crystal layer, the metal electrode 200 is arranged on two sides of the liquid crystal box 100, the light path direction of the incident light is perpendicular to the electric field direction, the metal electrode 200 does not block the light path, and a transparent electrode is not needed to be used, the structure is simple, the process complexity is reduced, and the cost is greatly reduced. According to Malus's law, the transmitted intensity of 45 polarized light is maximized, and the polarization direction of polarizer 400 is at an angle of 45 to the direction of the electric field, so that the transmitted intensity of the incident light after passing through polarizer 400 is maximized.
Referring to fig. 2, a reflective liquid crystal display device according to a fourth aspect of the present application includes: the output end of the control module 710 is connected with the metal electrodes 200, the control module 710 controls the two metal electrodes 200 to apply an electric field to the inorganic liquid crystal layer, the analyzer 500 is arranged on one side of the liquid crystal cell 100, the polarization direction of the analyzer 500 forms an angle of 45 degrees with the direction of the electric field, and the reflector 600 is arranged on the opposite side of the liquid crystal cell 100 from the analyzer 500. The reflector 600 adopts a front surface aluminized reflector, and can also be replaced by a silver-protecting plane reflector, a gold-protecting plane reflector, a plane concave spherical reflector, a plane concave dielectric film reflector and the like.
The electric field is applied to the liquid crystal box 100 through the metal electrode 200, external incident light is incident from one side of the liquid crystal box 100 in a direction perpendicular to the electric field after passing through the analyzer 500, inorganic liquid crystal in an inorganic liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal box 100 deflects under the action of the electric field, the incident light is reflected by the reflecting mirror 600 and passes through the inorganic liquid crystal again after being refracted by the inorganic liquid crystal, and then is emitted through the analyzer 500, so that a display effect is realized. According to Malus's law, the transmitted intensity of 45 polarized light is maximized, and the polarization direction of polarizer 400 is at an angle of 45 to the direction of the electric field, so that the transmitted intensity of the incident light after passing through polarizer 400 is maximized.
The energy consumption and the cycling stability of the transmissive liquid crystal display device and the reflective liquid crystal display device are characterized as follows.
Energy consumption: and measuring the effective current value and the effective voltage value of the liquid crystal pixel unit, and measuring ten times in an experiment to obtain an average value. As shown in table 1, table 1 is an energy consumption table of the present application, and for a transmissive liquid crystal display device, the power consumption of the backlight is calculated using the rated power and the display area of the backlight, and for other modules such as Arduino chips and relay arrays, the power consumption is in the order of milliwatts, which can be ignored. Accordingly, power consumption of transmissive and reflective liquid crystal display devices is mainly from the liquid crystal pixel unit.
TABLE 1 energy consumption Meter of the application
As shown in table 2, table 2 is an energy consumption comparison table of the outdoor LED display and the outdoor energy-saving LED display, and compared with the outdoor LED display and the outdoor energy-saving LED display, the energy consumption of the reflective liquid crystal display device and the reflective liquid crystal display device is about 1/6 of that of the outdoor LED display and about 1/3 of that of the outdoor energy-saving LED display, which indicates that the transmissive liquid crystal display device and the reflective liquid crystal display device have potential application value in intelligent outdoor display.
TABLE 2 energy consumption comparison Table of the application, outdoor LED display and outdoor energy saving LED display
| Type(s) | Energy consumption (W/m) 2 ) |
| Outdoor LED display | 700-1200 |
| Outdoor energy-saving LED display | 480-600 |
| Reflective liquid crystal display device | 100-200 |
Cyclic stability: and using the brightness as a representation index of the cyclical stability, and measuring the brightness of 15 liquid crystal pixel units for ten times to average after the brightness of the liquid crystal pixel units is stable. The cycle stability test was measured daily for the first two weeks and monthly after two weeks. As shown in fig. 8 to 9, after four months of measurement, the on-state and off-state brightness of the transmissive liquid crystal display device and the reflective liquid crystal display device are changed within 5%, which indicates that the transmissive liquid crystal display device and the reflective liquid crystal display device have better cycle stability, and have great advantages in long-term and large-scale application in the intelligent outdoor display field.
The embodiments of the present application have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application.
Claims (6)
1. A liquid crystal display circuit, comprising:
the liquid crystal pixel unit comprises a liquid crystal box (100) and two metal electrodes (200), wherein an inorganic liquid crystal layer is arranged in the liquid crystal box (100), the two metal electrodes (200) are oppositely arranged at two sides of the liquid crystal box (100) and are used for applying an electric field to the inorganic liquid crystal layer, and incident light enters the liquid crystal box (100) from a third side of the liquid crystal box (100) in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the electric field;
the liquid crystal display driving circuit, the output of liquid crystal display driving circuit is connected metal electrode (200) in order to be used for controlling metal electrode (200) is right inorganic liquid crystal layer applys the electric field, liquid crystal display driving circuit includes signal generator (720), signal amplifier (730), switch module (740) and control module (710), signal generator (720) output is connected signal amplifier (730)'s input, signal amplifier (730) output is connected switch module (740) input, switch module (740) output is connected metal electrode (200) input for produce the electric field of different intensity, control module (710) output is connected switch module (740) control end, switch module (740) are relay array, control module (710) are through hash addressing algorithm respectively control the switching state of every relay in the relay array.
2. The liquid crystal display circuit of claim 1, wherein: the liquid crystal material adopted by the inorganic liquid crystal layer is inorganic two-dimensional titanium oxide aqueous dispersion liquid.
3. The liquid crystal display circuit of claim 1, wherein: the control module (710) is an Arduino chip.
4. The liquid crystal display circuit of claim 1, wherein: the device further comprises a communication module (750), wherein the output end of the communication module (750) is connected with the input end of the control module (710).
5. A transmissive liquid crystal display device, comprising:
the liquid crystal display circuit of any one of claims 1 to 4;
a backlight source (300), wherein the backlight source (300) is arranged at the third side of the liquid crystal box (100), the output end of the liquid crystal display driving circuit is connected with the control end of the backlight source (300), and the backlight source (300) is used for providing incident light for the liquid crystal box (100);
a polarizer (400), the polarizer (400) being disposed between the backlight (300) and the liquid crystal cell (100), the incident light passing through the polarizer (400) and then entering the liquid crystal cell (100);
and a polarization analyzer (500), wherein the polarization analyzer (500) is arranged on the opposite side of the liquid crystal box (100) from the polarizer (400), and the polarization direction of the polarization analyzer (500) is orthogonal to the polarization direction of the polarizer (400).
6. A reflective liquid crystal display device, comprising:
the liquid crystal display circuit of any one of claims 1 to 4;
an analyzer (500), wherein the analyzer (500) is arranged at one side of the liquid crystal box (100), and the incident light enters the liquid crystal box (100) after passing through the analyzer (500);
a mirror (600), the mirror (600) being mounted on the opposite side of the liquid crystal cell (100) from the analyzer (500) for reflecting the incident light.
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