CN115220233A - HUD backlight system, design method, head-up display system and vehicle - Google Patents
HUD backlight system, design method, head-up display system and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0012—Optical design, e.g. procedures, algorithms, optimisation routines
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0927—Systems for changing the beam intensity distribution, e.g. Gaussian to top-hat
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
- G02B27/095—Refractive optical elements
- G02B27/0955—Lenses
- G02B27/0961—Lens arrays
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- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
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- G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
- G02F1/133607—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members the light controlling member including light directing or refracting elements, e.g. prisms or lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133611—Direct backlight including means for improving the brightness uniformity
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of head-up display, and discloses a backlight system of a HUD (head-up display), a design method, a head-up display system and a vehicle, wherein the backlight system of the HUD comprises a light source component, a TIR (total internal reflection) lens array and a micro lens array, and the light source component comprises a plurality of light sources; the TIR lens array comprises a plurality of TIR lenses, adjacent TIR lenses are tangent or intersected, and the TIR lenses and the light sources are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode and used for collimating light rays emitted by the light sources; the micro lens array is arranged on one side, away from the light source, of the TIR lens array and used for converging and then uniformly diverging the light rays collimated by the TIR lens array. The backlight system has simple and compact structure and is easy to assemble; by adopting the TIR lens and the micro-lens array, the light-emitting efficiency can reach more than 70 percent, and the light-emitting efficiency is high; the TIR lenses are tangent or intersected, so that the uniformity of a central area can be improved, the light extraction efficiency can be improved, and the light extraction uniformity can reach more than 80% through the matching of the TIR lens array and the micro lens array.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of head-up display, in particular to a backlight system of a HUD, a design method, a head-up display system and a vehicle.
Background
The Head Up Display (HUD) technology projects instrument information (speed, temperature, oil amount, etc.) and navigation information of a vehicle, for example, the vehicle, in a visual field range of a driver through a windshield of the vehicle by using an optical reflection principle, so that the driver can see important driving information such as speed per hour, navigation, etc. without lowering the Head or turning the Head as much as possible, thereby not only reducing eye fatigue, but also concentrating the attention of the driver and improving driving safety.
In operation, the LCD of a heads-up display system does not itself produce light, and relies on a backlight to illuminate its pixels. The backlight is generally classified into a side-emission type backlight in which a light source is disposed at a side of a light guide plate, and a direct type backlight in which light is irradiated onto a liquid crystal panel through the light guide plate, a reflection plate, and a diffuser. The direct-illumination backlight is that the backlight source is placed behind the liquid crystal screen to directly perform backlight illumination, and a light guide plate is not needed for light guide.
At present, HUD's LCD screen is shaded from both sides and not only requires light to want evenly distributed, moreover because the requirement of HUD formation of image nature, the light-emitting angle that is shaded from both sides also must accord with the angle of light among the imaging system, and simultaneously, the HUD inner space is compact, and the volume that needs backlight system is compact as far as possible also, consequently, designs a compact volume, and light homogeneity is good, and the suitable backlight of light-emitting angle has very important meaning.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a HUD backlight system, a design method, a head-up display system and a vehicle, which have the advantages of good light uniformity, proper light-emitting angle and compact structure.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
in one aspect, there is provided a backlight system of a HUD, including:
a light source assembly including a plurality of light sources;
the TIR lens array comprises a plurality of TIR lenses, adjacent TIR lenses are tangent or intersected, and the plurality of TIR lenses and the plurality of light sources are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode and are used for collimating light rays emitted by the light sources;
and the micro lens array is arranged on one side of the TIR lens array, which is far away from the light source, and is used for converging the light rays collimated by the TIR lens array and then uniformly diverging the light rays.
In the technical scheme, the backlight system is compact in volume structure and can be flexibly adjusted according to the specific HUD space volume; the backlight system is simple in structure, the whole backlight system only comprises a light source, a TIR lens array and a micro lens array, and the structure is clear, simple and easy to assemble; the light-emitting efficiency is high, and the TIR lens array and the matched micro lens array can ensure that the light-emitting efficiency reaches more than 70%; the uniformity is good, and the uniformity can reach more than 80% through the TIR lens array and the micro lens array; the light-emitting angle is well matched, and the light-emitting angle can be well matched with the imaging light angle of the LCD display screen by adjusting the positions of the micro-lens array and the backlight. In addition, the TIR lenses are arranged in a tangent or intersecting way, so that the uniformity of the central area and the light extraction efficiency can be improved.
In some embodiments, the TIR lens array comprises a plurality of first TIR lenses disposed at a middle region of the TIR lens array and a plurality of second TIR lenses respectively disposed at corners of the TIR lens array, wherein a volume of the second TIR lenses is smaller than a volume of the first TIR lenses, and a height of the first TIR lenses is the same as a height of the second TIR lenses.
In the technical scheme, the size of the whole TIR lens at the top corners is reduced, and the uniformity and the brightness of the four top corners of the LCD display screen can be improved.
In some embodiments, the second TIR lens includes a cylindrical section and a truncated cone section, the cylindrical section is connected to a side of the truncated cone section with a large bottom area, the side of the truncated cone section with a small bottom area is a light inlet, and the light source is disposed at the light inlet.
In some embodiments, the first TIR lens is a truncated cone, the side of the first TIR lens with a small bottom area is a light inlet, and the light source is disposed at the light inlet.
In some embodiments, the light source has a light emission center coincident with a geometric center of the light inlet.
In some embodiments, the microlens array includes a plurality of microlenses, and respective surfaces of the plurality of microlenses that face away from the TIR lens array are spherical.
In the technical scheme, the top surface of the micro lens is a spherical surface, and the micro lens has the advantages of simple design, easy modification and control of parameters and better uniformity effect.
In some embodiments, two adjacent microlenses are tangent, and the degree of tangency between two adjacent microlenses is adjusted to adjust the exit angle and uniformity of the light.
In some embodiments, the TIR lens array is integrally disposed with the microlens array.
In another aspect, a method for designing a backlight system of a HUD is provided, including:
determining the quantity and the distribution position of the light sources according to the size of the LCD display screen;
arranging TIR lenses on each light source to form a TIR lens array, wherein adjacent TIR lenses are tangent or intersected;
determining the size of a light inlet of the TIR lens according to the size of the light source;
determining the size of a light outlet of the TIR lens according to the size of the LCD display screen;
arranging a micro lens on one side of the TIR lens array far away from the light source to form a micro lens array;
and adjusting the parameters of the micro-lens array to optimize the light-emitting angle and uniformity of the light.
In some embodiments, the parameters of the microlens array include the radius of the microlenses, the height of the microlenses, the spacing of two adjacent microlenses in the X-axis, the spacing of two adjacent microlenses in the Y-axis, and the overall width and length of the microlens array.
In yet another aspect, there is also provided a heads-up display system comprising an LCD display screen and the backlighting system of the HUD of any of claims 1-8, the LCD display screen being disposed on a side of the microlens array remote from the TIR lens array.
There is also provided a vehicle comprising the heads-up display system of claim 11.
The invention has the technical effects that: the backlight system only comprises a light source, a TIR lens array and a micro lens array, has simple and compact structure and easy assembly, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual HUD space volume; by adopting the total internal reflection lens (TIR lens) and the micro-lens array matched with the TIR lens, the light-emitting efficiency can reach more than 70 percent, and the light-emitting efficiency is high; the TIR lenses are tangent or intersected, so that the uniformity of a central area can be improved, the light extraction efficiency can be improved, and the light extraction uniformity can reach more than 80% through the matching of the TIR lens array and the micro lens array; the light-emitting angle is well matched, and the light-emitting angle can be well matched with the angle of the imaging light of the LCD display screen by adjusting the parameters of the micro-lens array and the position of backlight.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of one embodiment of a backlighting system for a HUD as provided herein;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a backlight system for a HUD as provided herein;
FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the backlight system of the HUD of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the light spots illuminated by the backlight system of the HUD of FIG. 2 onto an LCD display screen;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a microlens array provided herein;
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart diagram illustrating a method for designing a backlight system of a HUD according to the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a backlight system and an LCD display screen of a HUD according to the present application.
The reference numbers indicate:
10. a light source; 20. a TIR lens array; 21. a TIR lens; 201. a light inlet; 202. a light outlet; 22. a first TIR lens; 23. a second TIR lens; 231. a cylindrical section; 232. a circular table section; 30. a microlens array; 31. a microlens; 40. an LCD display screen; 50. a substrate.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
For the sake of simplicity, only the parts relevant to the present invention are schematically shown in the drawings, and they do not represent the actual structure as a product. In addition, in order to make the drawings concise and understandable, components having the same structure or function in some of the drawings are only schematically illustrated or only labeled. In this document, "one" means not only "only one" but also a case of "more than one".
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In this context, it is to be understood that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply relative importance.
The application provides a backlight system of a HUD, which comprises a light source component, a TIR lens array and a micro lens array, wherein a light source of the light source component is used for emitting light rays to the TIR lens array; the TIR lens array is used for collimating light rays with certain angles emitted by the light source; the micro lens array is used for converging and then dispersing the collimated light, so that the light can irradiate the surface of the LCD display screen at a proper light-emitting angle after passing through the micro lens array, the light-emitting angle of the micro lens array is matched with the imaging light angle of the LCD display screen, and the light can be uniformly distributed.
The light source assembly comprises a plurality of light sources; the TIR lens array comprises a plurality of TIR lenses, adjacent TIR lenses are tangent or intersected, and the plurality of TIR lenses and the plurality of light sources are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the micro lens array is arranged on one side of the TIR lens array, which is far away from the light source.
In the technical scheme, the backlight system is compact in volume structure and can be flexibly adjusted according to the specific HUD space volume; the structure is simple, the whole backlight system only comprises a light source, a TIR lens array and a micro lens array, and the structure is clear, simple and easy to assemble; the light-emitting efficiency is high, and the TIR lens array and the micro lens array matched with the TIR lens array can enable the light-emitting efficiency to reach more than 70%; the uniformity is good, and the uniformity can reach more than 80% through the TIR lens array and the micro lens array; the light-emitting angle is well matched, and the light-emitting angle can be well matched with the angle of the imaging light of the LCD display screen by adjusting the positions of the micro-lens array and the backlight. In addition, the TIR lenses are arranged in a tangent or intersecting way, so that the uniformity of the central area and the light extraction efficiency can be improved. In addition, it should be noted that the backlight system of the present application can be applied to any one of a combination head-up display system (Combiner-HUD) C-HUD, a Windshield type head-up display (Windshield-HUD) W-HUD, and an augmented reality type head-up display system (augmented reality HUD) AR-HUD.
The backlight system of the HUD provided by the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a backlight system of a HUD provided in an embodiment of the present application includes a light source assembly, a TIR lens array 20 and a micro lens array 30.
The light source assembly comprises a plurality of light sources 10, and the light sources 10 can be LED light sources, COB light sources or lasers and the like; the TIR lens array 20 comprises a plurality of TIR lenses 21, the plurality of TIR lenses 21 are distributed in an array, and adjacent TIR lenses 21 are tangent or intersected to improve the uniformity of the central area and the light extraction efficiency of the TIR lens array 20, the plurality of TIR lenses 21 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of light sources 10 and used for collimating the light rays emitted by the light sources 10; the micro lens array 30 is disposed on a side of the TIR lens array 20 away from the light source 10, and is used for converging and uniformly diverging the light collimated by the TIR lens array 20.
The TIR lens 21 is called total internal reflection, i.e. total internal reflection lens, and the TIR lens 21 collimates the light emitted from the light source 10 with a certain angle by using the total reflection principle. The TIR lens 21 comprises a light inlet 201 and a light outlet 202, the TIR lens 21 is in a circular truncated cone shape, the side with smaller bottom area of the TIR lens 21 is the light inlet 201, the side with larger bottom area is the light outlet 202, the light inlet 201 of each TIR lens 21 is provided with one light source 10, the light emitting center of the light source 10 is overlapped with the geometric center of the light inlet 201 of the TIR lens 21 so as to enable the light rays to be more collimated, and the micro lens array 30 is arranged at the light outlet 202 of the TIR lens 21. In order to make the light emitted from the light source 10 enter the TIR lens 21 completely, the size of the light inlet 201 of the TIR lens 21 is slightly larger than that of the light source 10. Furthermore, the size of the light exit 202 of the TIR lens 21 is required to ensure that the illuminated area of the light emitted by the backlight system completely covers the LCD display 40 of the HUD as shown in FIG. 4. The area of the light inlet 201 of the TIR lens 21 is the area of the surface with the smaller bottom area of the TIR lens 21, and the area of the light outlet 202 of the TIR lens 21 is the area of the surface with the larger bottom area of the TIR lens 21.
Referring to fig. 3, in order to solve the uniformity of the light rays in the dark region, in the TIR lens array 20, the TIR lenses 21 are arranged with a smaller pitch, i.e. the TIR lenses 21 are tangent or intersected, to change the path of the outgoing light rays, so that not only the uniformity of the central region but also the light extraction efficiency of the TIR lens array 20 can be improved.
The microlens array 30 (Micro lens array, MLA) is an array in which a series of microlenses 31 are arranged at a certain pitch. The light emitted by the light source 10 is collimated by the TIR lens 21 and then enters the micro lens array 30, the light collimated by the TIR lens 21 can be converged and then dispersed by the micro lens array 30, so that the light can irradiate the LCD display screen 40 at a proper light-emitting angle after passing through the micro lens array 30, the light-emitting angle of the micro lens array 30 is matched with the imaging light angle of the LCD display screen 40, and the light can be uniformly distributed.
In actual design, the TIR lens array 20 and the microlens array 30 may be integrally disposed, that is, the TIR lens array 20 and the microlens array 30 are combined into a whole, so that in actual design, the TIR lens array 20 and the microlens array 30 as a whole may be optimized in terms of position and size, etc. Illustratively, as shown in fig. 1, the TIR lens array 20 and the microlens array 30 share a substrate 50, the substrate 50 is made of a light-transmitting material, the TIR lenses 21 are arranged on one side of the substrate 50 to form the TIR lens array 20, and the microlenses 31 are arranged on the other side of the substrate 50 to form the microlens array 30.
The backlight system of the embodiment only comprises a light source 10, a TIR lens array 20 and a micro lens array 30, has a simple and compact structure, is easy to assemble, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual HUD space volume; by adopting the total internal reflection lens (TIR lens 21) and the micro-lens array 30 matched with the TIR lens, the light-emitting efficiency can reach more than 70 percent, and the light-emitting efficiency is high; the TIR lenses 21 are tangent or intersected, so that the uniformity of a central area and the light extraction efficiency can be improved, and the light extraction uniformity can reach more than 80% through the matching of the TIR lens array 20 and the micro lens array 30; the light-emitting angle matching degree is good, and the light-emitting angle can be better matched with the angle of the imaging light of the LCD display screen 40 by adjusting the parameters of the micro-lens array 30 and the position of the backlight.
The side of the micro lens 31 of the micro lens array 30 away from the TIR lens array 20 is spherical. The top surface of the micro lens 21 is set to be spherical, so that the light uniformity effect is good, the design is simple, and the parameters are easy to modify and control. Two adjacent microlenses 31 in the microlens array 30 are tangent, and the outgoing angle and uniformity of light can be adjusted by adjusting the degree of tangency of the two adjacent microlenses 31. When the backlight system is designed, the light emitting effect can be optimized by adjusting the parameters of the micro lens array 30, for example, (1) the radius R value and the height H value of the micro lens array 30 can be changed, and the light emitting angle and the uniformity of light distribution are optimized; (2) Adjusting the X-direction pitch of the microlenses 31, and changing the distance (degree of tangency) between each microlens array 30, thereby changing the size of the microlens array 30, so that the degree of light divergence changes, and the angle and uniformity are adjusted, wherein the X-direction is shown by the arrow in fig. 5; (3) Adjusting the Y-direction distance of the microlens array 30 to adjust the density of the microlenses 31, so as to change the light divergence degree, adjust the angle and uniformity, wherein the Y-direction is indicated by the arrow in fig. 5; and (4) adjusting the overall width and length of the microlens array 30.
The structure of the backlight system of the HUD according to another embodiment of the present application will be described in detail with reference to fig. 2.
The backlight system of the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment only in that: the TIR lenses at the four corners in the TIR lens array 20 of this embodiment have different structures from the TIR lenses in the middle area, and the volume of the TIR lenses at the corners is smaller than that of the TIR lenses in the middle area, whereas all the TIR lens structures in the TIR lens array 20 of the first embodiment are the same. The embodiment can effectively improve the brightness and uniformity of the vertex angle position by reducing the volume of the TIR lens positioned at the vertex angle.
The differences between the present embodiment and the first embodiment will be described in detail with reference to fig. 2 and fig. 3, wherein the same parts of the present embodiment and the first embodiment will not be described again.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the TIR lens array 20 includes a plurality of first TIR lenses 22 and a plurality of second TIR lenses 23, the plurality of first TIR lenses 22 are disposed at a middle region of the TIR lens array 20, the plurality of second TIR lenses 23 are respectively disposed at corners of the TIR lens array 20, a volume of the second TIR lenses 23 is smaller than a volume of the first TIR lenses 22, and a height of the first TIR lenses 22 is the same as a height of the second TIR lenses 23. The middle region of the TIR lens array 20 refers to a region of the TIR lens array 20 other than the vertex angles; the vertex angles of the TIR lens array 20 refer to the intersection points of two adjacent edges on the plane of the TIR lens array 20, for example, when the TIR lens array 20 is rectangular, the vertex angles of the TIR lens array 20 refer to four vertex angles of the rectangle.
In the TIR lens array 20, the brightness and uniformity at the four corners of the backlight are poorer than those at the middle area, in order to improve the uniformity and brightness at the four corners of the LCD panel 40, the overall size of the second TIR lenses 23 at the four corners is reduced, and the second TIR lenses 23 at the four corners are specially designed to effectively improve the brightness and uniformity at the corner areas.
Illustratively, referring to fig. 2, the first TIR lens 22 is different in structure from the second TIR lens 23; the first TIR lens 22 is of a truncated cone shape, a surface of the first TIR lens 22 with a small bottom area is a light inlet, and the light source 10 is disposed at the light inlet 201 of the first TIR lens 22.
Referring to fig. 2, the second TIR lens 23 includes a cylindrical section 231 and a truncated cone section 232, the cylindrical section 231 is connected to one side of the truncated cone section 232 with a large bottom area, the side of the truncated cone section 232 with a small bottom area is a light inlet 201, and the light source 10 is disposed at the light inlet 201 of the second TIR lens 23. The material of the cylindrical section 231 is the same as that of the circular truncated cone section 232, the diameter of the cylindrical section 231 is smaller than that of the first TIR lens 22, the minimum diameter of the circular truncated cone section 232 is smaller than that of the first TIR lens 22, and therefore the volume of the second TIR lens 23 is smaller than that of the first TIR lens 22. Light passes through the circular platform section 232 and then is transmitted through the cylindrical section 231 of the same medium, and the brightness and the uniformity of the vertex angle area can be effectively improved. Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of light spots irradiated to the LCD display screen by the backlight system of this embodiment, and the brightness and uniformity of light rays in the four vertex angle regions are good.
In another aspect, the present invention further provides an embodiment of a method for designing a backlight system of a HUD, as shown in fig. 6, including:
s100, determining the number and the distribution positions of light sources according to the size of an LCD display screen;
s200, arranging TIR lenses on each light source to form a TIR lens array, wherein adjacent TIR lenses are tangent or intersected;
s300, determining the size of a light inlet of the TIR lens according to the size of the light source;
s400, determining the size of a light outlet of the TIR lens according to the size of the LCD display screen;
s500, arranging micro lenses on one side, far away from the light source, of the TIR lens array to form a micro lens array;
s600, adjusting parameters of the micro-lens array, and optimizing the light-emitting angle and uniformity of light.
The parameters of the microlens array 30 include the radius of the microlens 31, the height of the microlens 31, the distance between two adjacent microlenses 31 on the X axis, the distance between two adjacent microlenses 31 on the Y axis, and the overall width and length of the microlens array 30.
Specifically, the specific position and number of the light sources 10 are determined according to the size of the LCD 40, and the size, luminous flux, spectral information, etc. of the light sources 10 are specifically set according to the type of the light source 10 actually selected. For example, a 3.1 inch LCD display screen may use 8 LEDs; the 4.1 inch LCD screen can use 11 LEDs; generally, the larger the size of the LCD 40, the more the number of the light sources 10 are used, and the more the number of the light sources 10 is, the better the uniformity is; however, considering the cost problem, the uniformity cannot be improved by simply increasing the number of 10 light sources, and both the cost and the uniformity need to be considered.
Each light source 10 corresponds to one TIR lens 21, the TIR lenses 21 are arranged according to the distribution positions of the light sources 10 to form a TIR lens array 20, the light emitting center of the light source 10 is at the center of the light inlet 201 of the TIR lens 21, and two adjacent TIR lenses 21 are tangent or intersected. Then, the size of the light inlet 201 of the TIR lens 21 is determined according to the size of the light source 10, and the size of the light outlet 202 of the TIR lens 21 is determined according to the size of the LCD display screen 40. The size of the light inlet 201 of the TIR lens 21 is slightly larger than that of the light source 10, so that the light emitted from the light source 10 can completely enter the TIR lens 21. The size of the light exit 202 of the TIR lens 21 determines the size of the illuminated area, and the number of the light sources 10 (i.e. the number of the TIR lenses 21) is determined according to the specific size of the LCD screen 40, so as to specifically adjust the size of the light exit 202 of the TIR lens 21, so that the illuminated area of the outgoing light can completely cover the LCD screen 40.
The micro lens array 30 is arranged on the light outlet 202 side of the TIR lens array 20, and then the volume of the whole backlight system is adjusted, and the parameters of the micro lens array 30 are modified to optimize the backlight uniformity, the backlight light-emitting angle, the light-emitting efficiency and other performances. In the design process, the vertical distance between the LCD display screen 40 and the plane of the central light source 10 is generally used to represent the volume of the whole backlight system, and generally, the farther the plane of the light source 10 is from the center of the LCD display screen, the larger the volume of the backlight system is, the better the uniformity is, and the larger the light-emitting angle is.
In adjusting the parameters of the microlens array 30, the following parameter adjustments may be made: (1) The radius R value and the height H value of the micro lens 31 are changed, and the light-emitting angle and the uniformity of light distribution are optimized; (2) Adjusting the X-direction spacing of the microlenses 31, changing the distance (degree of tangency) between the microlenses 31, thereby changing the size of the microlens array 30, changing the degree of light divergence, adjusting the angle and uniformity; (3) Adjusting the Y-direction spacing of the micro-lens array 30, adjusting the density of the micro-lenses 31 to change the light divergence degree, and adjusting the light-emitting angle and uniformity to match the light-emitting angle with the imaging light angle of the LCD 40; (4) The overall width and length of the microlens array 30 are adjusted to adjust the illumination area of the backlight, so that the backlight system can be fitted to the structural spatial arrangement of the HUD.
Illustratively, the vertical distance between the plane where the light source 10 of the present embodiment is located and the center of the LCD display screen is between 40 mm and 50mm, and the parameters of the micro-lens are: microlens radius R:0.8mm; microlens height H:0.36mm; overall width W of microlens array: 130mm; overall length L of microlens array: 90mm; microlens array X-direction pitch: 1mm; microlens array Y-direction pitch: 0.96mm. It should be understood that the above exemplary spacing between the light source and the LCD panel, the parameters of the microlens array, etc. are only exemplary values for explaining the present solution, and in practical applications, these values may be specifically set according to the needs, and the present application does not limit this.
In yet another aspect, the present application further provides an embodiment of a head-up display system, as shown in fig. 7, comprising an LCD display 40, where the LCD display 40 is disposed on a side of the microlens array 30 away from the TIR lens array 20. The backlight system is arranged at the back of the LCD panel 40, and light generated by the backlight system is directly irradiated from the back of the LCD panel 40 to illuminate the pixels of the LCD panel for light emission. Adopt the backlight system of any one of the above-mentioned embodiments, because of this backlight system's light homogeneity is good, light-emitting efficiency is high, light-emitting angle matching degree is good, simple structure is compact for HUD's formation of image is effectual, and the space volume adjustment is nimble, the arrangement of the inside spare part of being convenient for. It should be understood that the head-up display system provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes a curved mirror, a flat mirror, an image generation assembly, and the like.
In yet another aspect, the present application further provides an embodiment of a vehicle, including the head-up display system described in the above embodiment, where the vehicle of the embodiment may include, but is not limited to, a land vehicle such as a vehicle, an air vehicle such as an aircraft (or referred to as an aircraft), or an above-water or underwater vehicle.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A backlighting system for a HUD, comprising:
a light source assembly including a plurality of light sources;
the TIR lens array comprises a plurality of TIR lenses, adjacent TIR lenses are tangent or intersected, and the plurality of TIR lenses and the plurality of light sources are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner and are used for collimating the light rays emitted by the light sources;
and the micro lens array is arranged on one side of the TIR lens array, which is far away from the light source, and is used for converging the light rays collimated by the TIR lens array and then uniformly diverging the light rays.
2. A backlighting system for a HUD according to claim 1,
the TIR lens array comprises a plurality of first TIR lenses and a plurality of second TIR lenses, the plurality of first TIR lenses are arranged at the middle area of the TIR lens array, the plurality of second TIR lenses are respectively arranged at the vertex angles of the TIR lens array, the volume of the second TIR lenses is smaller than that of the first TIR lenses, and the height of the first TIR lenses is the same as that of the second TIR lenses.
3. The backlight system of a HUD according to claim 2, wherein the second TIR lens comprises a cylindrical section and a truncated cone section, the cylindrical section is connected to one side of the truncated cone section with a large bottom area, the side of the truncated cone section with a small bottom area is a light inlet, and the light source is disposed at the light inlet.
4. The backlighting system of claim 3, wherein said first TIR lens is of a truncated cone shape, said first TIR lens has a smaller bottom area and is provided with a light inlet, and said light source is disposed at said light inlet.
5. A backlighting system for a HUD as recited in claim 4, wherein a center of light emission of said light source coincides with a geometric center of said light inlet.
6. A backlight system for a HUD according to claim 1, wherein said microlens array comprises a plurality of microlenses, the surface of said plurality of microlenses remote from said TIR lens array being spherical.
7. The backlighting system of claim 5, wherein adjacent lenticules are tangent, and the degree to which adjacent lenticules are tangent is adjusted to adjust the exit angle and uniformity of the light.
8. A backlighting system for a HUD according to claim 1, wherein said TIR lens array is integral with said microlens array.
9. A method of designing a backlight system for a HUD according to any one of claims 1-8, comprising:
determining the quantity and the distribution position of the light sources according to the size of the LCD display screen;
arranging TIR lenses on each light source to form a TIR lens array, wherein adjacent TIR lenses are tangent or intersected;
determining the size of a light inlet of the TIR lens according to the size of the light source; determining the size of a light outlet of the TIR lens according to the size of the LCD display screen;
arranging a micro lens on one side of the TIR lens array far away from the light source to form a micro lens array;
and adjusting the parameters of the micro-lens array to optimize the light-emitting angle and uniformity of the light.
10. The backlighting system for a HUD according to claim 9, wherein the parameters of the microlens array include the radius of the microlenses, the height of the microlenses, the spacing between two adjacent microlenses in the X-axis, the spacing between two adjacent microlenses in the Y-axis, and the overall width and length of the microlens array.
11. A heads-up display system comprising an LCD display screen and the backlighting system of the HUD of any of claims 1-8, the LCD display screen being disposed on a side of the microlens array remote from the TIR lens array.
12. A vehicle comprising the heads-up display system of claim 11.
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| CN202210900876.6A CN115220233A (en) | 2022-07-28 | 2022-07-28 | HUD backlight system, design method, head-up display system and vehicle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210900876.6A CN115220233A (en) | 2022-07-28 | 2022-07-28 | HUD backlight system, design method, head-up display system and vehicle |
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