CN115189811B - Method and device for optimizing network delay in flexible Ethernet - Google Patents
Method and device for optimizing network delay in flexible Ethernet Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the field of ethernet technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for optimizing network delay in a flexible ethernet. Mainly comprises the following steps: taking a basic unit transmitting end of a reference network element as a basic unit frequency and phase reference, calculating rate adjustment information according to a rate difference between a basic unit receiving end and a transmitting end of the reference network element, and transmitting the rate adjustment information to an upstream network element; adjusting the multi-frame transmission rate of a basic unit transmitting end base unit which is in butt joint with a reference network element until the reference network element keeps the receiving quantity and the transmitting quantity of the basic unit consistent in a preset period; the receiving end of the basic unit, which is in butt joint with the downstream network element of the reference network element, caches the basic unit multi-frame data stream, adjusts the position distribution of idle code blocks inserted between the basic units, and continuously transmits the data stream downstream according to the number and the position distribution of the idle code blocks after adjustment. The invention can realize the phase locking and alignment of the fine-grained network whole network basic units, and has the advantages of high adjustment speed, small cache depth and high stability.
Description
[ field of technology ]
The present invention relates to the field of ethernet technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for optimizing network delay in a flexible ethernet.
[ background Art ]
Flexible ethernet (Flexible Ethernet, flexE for short) is an improved network based on ethernet. The flexible Ethernet technology supports the technology of the flexible rate FlexE client MAC of multiple paths by binding one or multiple paths of Ethernet interfaces defined by the IEEE802.3 standard and carrying out channel processing by taking a 66b coding block as a basic unit on the basis.
The flexible Ethernet-based Fine Granularity (FG) network is a time division multiplexing network carried by Ethernet multiframe-time slots, and has the characteristics of constant time slot bandwidth (hard pipeline), hard isolation between customer services, small service jitter and the like, and is more advantageous than the traditional best effort hose Ethernet in many scenes. However, in the case of a low bandwidth or a long length of the multiframe, the multiframe-time slot bearer mode causes a large amount of delay to be introduced when the traffic crosses the sub-channels by the station (P node), thereby increasing the end-to-end delay of the traffic.
In general, when a P node crossing is performed on a client service carried in a multiframe-slot, the P node crossing needs to be restored to a client service data stream from received multiframe data through demultiplexing, and after the channel crossing is completed, the client service data stream is loaded into a transmission multiframe data through multiplexing. In this process, especially when clock locking is not performed between devices, the destination multiframe cannot be guaranteed to be inserted into the time slot due to the uncertainty of the phase relation and the frequency offset between the source multiframe and the destination multiframe, and the data is just available in the customer service channel. Therefore, in order to avoid the situation that the service flow is destroyed due to forced insertion of the time slot of the destination multiframe, a certain amount of data needs to be cached for each sub-service in advance for inserting the time slot, that is, an independent cache is allocated for each sub-service and the cache cannot be empty, so that excessive hardware resources are consumed and a service has a larger time delay.
In view of this, how to overcome the defects existing in the prior art, and solve the phenomenon of larger time delay caused by uncertain phase relation and frequency offset of source multiframe and destination multiframe, is a problem to be solved in the technical field.
[ invention ]
Aiming at the defects or improvement demands of the prior art, the invention solves the problems of larger time delay and more occupied resources in the time division multiplexing network.
The embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for optimizing network delay in a flexible ethernet, which specifically includes: taking a basic unit transmitting end of a reference network element as a basic unit frequency and phase reference, calculating rate adjustment information according to a rate difference between a basic unit receiving end and a transmitting end of the reference network element, and transmitting the rate adjustment information to an upstream network element; adjusting the multi-frame transmission rate of a basic unit transmitting end base unit which is in butt joint with a reference network element until the reference network element keeps the receiving quantity and the transmitting quantity of the basic unit consistent in a preset period; the receiving end of the basic unit, which is in butt joint with the downstream network element of the reference network element, caches the basic unit multi-frame data stream, adjusts the position distribution of idle code blocks inserted between the basic units, and continuously transmits the data stream downstream according to the number and the position distribution of the idle code blocks after adjustment.
Preferably, the rate adjustment information is calculated according to a rate difference between a receiving end and a transmitting end of a basic unit of the reference network element, and specifically includes: when the adjustment is carried out for the first time, the number of adjustment signals to be transmitted is calculated according to the difference between the number of basic units transmitted and received by the reference network element in the previous preset adjustment period and the length of a single frame; and when the adjustment is not performed for the first time, the reference network element gradually adjusts the quantity of the transmitted adjustment signals on the basis of the first adjustment.
Preferably, the sending rate adjustment information to the upstream network element specifically includes: judging the adjustment mode of the idle code block transmission frequency of the upstream network element transmitting end according to the number of basic units transmitted and received by the reference network element in the history preset adjustment period; when the transmission rate of the basic unit transmission module of the reference network element is higher than the received basic unit data stream rate, the reference network element transmits a reverse pull signal to an upstream network element; and when the transmission rate of the basic unit transmission module of the reference network element is lower than the received data stream rate of the basic unit, the reference network element transmits a back pressure signal to the upstream network element.
Preferably, sending rate adjustment information to an upstream network element further includes: the first two spare bits of the basic unit are used to carry the back-pressure signal and the back-pull signal, respectively.
Preferably, the adjusting the sending rate of the base unit multiframe at the sending end of the base unit which is in butt joint with the reference network element specifically comprises: when the upstream network element receives a reverse pulling signal sent by the reference network element, reducing the transmission of an idle code block between the basic units; when the upstream network element receives a back pressure signal sent by the reference network element, an idle code block between the basic units is increased to be sent.
Preferably, after adjusting the sending rate of the base unit multiframe at the sending end of the base unit which is in butt joint with the reference network element, the method further comprises: after receiving the data, the reference network element performs FlexE rate adaptation processing, adjusts the distribution of idle code blocks through a buffer memory, and completes phase locking; the receiving end of the basic unit of the reference network element inserts or deletes idle code blocks in the appointed position through the buffer memory to finish the phase difference adjustment; the receiving end and the transmitting end of the basic unit of the reference network element complete phase locking, so that the phase difference between the receiving end and the transmitting end is a preset phase difference.
Preferably, the rate adjustment information is calculated according to a rate difference between a receiving end and a transmitting end of a basic unit of the reference network element, and the method further includes: after the receiving rate of the reference network element is stable, the frequency of sending rate adjustment information to the upstream network element is updated according to the new rate difference between the receiving end and the sending end of the basic unit.
Preferably, the downstream network element of the reference network element adjusts the position distribution of idle code blocks inserted between the basic units, and specifically includes: the downstream network element of the reference network element and the receiving end of the basic unit butted with the reference network element buffer the basic unit multi-frame data stream, and the idle code blocks are uniformly distributed by deleting and inserting the idle code blocks to adjust the position distribution of the idle code blocks among the basic units; and the transmitting end of the basic unit of the downstream network element adjusts the position distribution of idle codes among the basic units, and the phase locking and the phase alignment of the basic unit multiframe data stream with the receiving end of the basic unit are completed.
Preferably, the downstream network element of the reference network element adjusts the idle code block position distribution inserted between the basic units, and further includes: after the idle code blocks are inserted and deleted by the downstream network element basic unit through FlexE rate adaptation, the receiving end of the downstream network element basic unit adjusts the distribution of the idle code blocks through buffering, so that the distribution is uniform; the transmitting end of the basic unit of the downstream network element adjusts the quantity and the position of the idle code blocks to be transmitted, and phase locking and phase difference adjustment are completed; the phase locking and alignment of the transmitting end and the receiving end of the downstream network element basic unit are completed, so that the phase difference between the receiving end and the transmitting end is a preset phase difference.
On the other hand, the invention provides a device for optimizing network delay in flexible Ethernet, which comprises the following specific steps: the system comprises a transmitting end 10, a receiving end 20, an adjusting signal processor 30 and a buffer 40, and specifically: the transmitting end 10 generates a basic unit multi-frame data stream and transmits the basic unit multi-frame data stream to a downstream network element; the receiving end 20 receives the basic unit data stream and the rate adjustment signal, and counts the receiving and transmitting rates of the basic unit data stream; an adjustment signal processor 30 for generating an adjustment signal according to the method for optimizing network delay in the flexible ethernet provided in the first aspect, and/or for sending an adjustment instruction to the transmitting end 10 according to the adjustment signal received by the receiving end 20; the buffer 40 performs the deletion and insertion of the idle code blocks between the basic units of the receiving end 20, and performs phase locking and alignment on the premise of consistent rate.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method has the advantages that the frequency and the phase of the designated reference network element are used as the reference, the number and the position distribution of idle code blocks in the basic units of the upstream and downstream network elements are regulated, the phase locking and the alignment of the basic units of the whole network of the fine-granularity network are realized, the time slot allocation mode is modified, the shared buffer is adopted, the time slot-data synchronization technology and the like are adopted, the cross time delay is reduced, the dynamic regulation speed is high, the use buffer depth is small, and the stability after regulation is higher.
[ description of the drawings ]
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. It is evident that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of flexible ethernet fine granularity provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of an exemplary flexible Ethernet fine-grained frame structure in a base unit format;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example implementation of a conventional fine granularity functionality based on a time division multiplexing technique;
fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating transmission examples of a basic unit between two network elements with frequency offset in a fine-grained network;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method for network delay optimization in a flexible Ethernet network according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a format for carrying the adjustment signal information using fine granularity elementary unit overhead;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of another method for network delay optimization in a flexible Ethernet network according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a diagram of transmission examples of basic units of phase adjustment procedures of a reference network element and an upstream network element;
FIG. 9 is a flowchart of another method for network delay optimization in a flexible Ethernet network according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 10 is a diagram of transmission examples of basic units of phase adjustment procedures of a reference network element and a downstream network element;
FIG. 11 is a flowchart of another method for network delay optimization in a flexible Ethernet network according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 12 is a flow chart of another method for network delay optimization in a flexible Ethernet network according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for network delay optimization in a flexible ethernet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of any one of the functional units 50 in the apparatus provided in the present embodiment.
[ detailed description ] of the invention
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The present invention is an architecture of a specific functional system, so that in a specific embodiment, functional logic relationships of each structural module are mainly described, and specific software and hardware implementations are not limited.
In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Some terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are explained as follows:
(1) Fine Granularity (FG) service based on flexible Ethernet: and (3) further time slot division is carried out based on a fine granularity basic unit on the basis of a 5GFlexE client interface by adopting a hierarchical mapping mechanism, and an overhead and payloads containing a plurality of time slots are coded and then packaged into a fixed-length S block+D block+T block sequence to form a basic unit frame (Fine Granularity Unit, FGU for short) structure, namely the fine granularity basic unit.
(2) FGU base unit frame (single frame): has a fixed length and comprises 1 start code block (S0), 195 data code blocks (D) and 1 end code block (T7), and 197 66B code blocks, wherein each data code block is 8 bytes. 195 data code blocks and 1 end (T7) code block of the FGU single frame provide 1567 (195× 8+7) bytes of data content, contain 195 bytes of data code blocks, and 7 bytes of overhead and 1560 bytes of payload. Wherein the payload is divided into 24 Sub-slots (Sub-slots) of the same size. The 66B code blocks from the service are compressed 66B to 65B and then filled into Sub-Slot payloads. Each Sub-Slot (Sub-Slot) is 65 bytes and can carry 8 65bit code blocks. One multiframe contains 20 FGU basic frames, each supporting 24 slots, and one 5gbps flexe client interface can support 480 sub-slots. At the source end, 1 Idle block is inserted between adjacent FGU basic frames, and when FGU frames are transmitted in a FlexE channel, rate adaptation can be realized by adding and deleting Idle code blocks (Idle) between FGU frames.
(3) Multiframe-slot bearer scheme: the method is a scheme of taking a fixed-length and fixed-bandwidth data stream sent according to the period as a multiframe, dividing the frame content into fixed-size and fixed-number time slots, distributing the data of a plurality of customer services needing to be carried to the designated time slots, and finally forming the multiframe for transmission.
(4) Slot (Slot): the sub-structure on a multiframe, the frame period of a multiframe is divided into a fixed number of fixed-size time slots. The time slots occur in the data stream with the same period as the multiframe period. In general, for a multiframe having n slots, the bandwidth of each slot is 1/n of the total bandwidth of the multiframe. The time slots may be free or may be allocated for carrying customer traffic.
(5) Customer service: the scheme provided in this embodiment carries the customer service and the data thereof. Each service may be assigned one or more time slots. The service data respectively enter the time slots of periodic transmission according to the sequence of self transmission.
(6) Multiplexing (MUX): and loading the client service data into the designated multiframe time slots according to the mapping relation, framing to form multiframes and transmitting the multiframes.
(7) Demultiplexing (DEMUX): and receiving the data in the time slot in the multiframe into the appointed client service channel according to the mapping relation.
Example 1:
a fine-grained network element or network device is a device with flexible ethernet fine-grained data transceiving functionality, such as routers, switches, etc. that support flexible ethernet fine-grained functionality. In this embodiment, the flexible ethernet fine-grained network architecture shown in fig. 1 is taken as an example for illustration, and for networks of other architectures, the adaptation can be performed based on the method provided in this embodiment.
The FlexE bearer is implemented by two-stage mapping, and fig. 2 is an exemplary diagram of a flexible ethernet fine-granularity frame structure in a basic unit format, where information is sent in each 5G channel by using a basic unit structure. The basic units are fixed-length data units, and are composed of S codes, overhead, data and T codes, and Idle code blocks (Idle) are arranged among the basic units.
The fine granularity function is based on the time division multiplexing technology, and an example diagram is shown in fig. 3, and a multiplexing Module (MUX) loads customer service data into a designated multiframe time slot according to a mapping relation, and forms multiframes after framing and then carries out multiframe transmission. A de-multiplexing module (DEMUX) receives data in time slots in a basic unit multiframe into a designated customer service channel according to a mapping relation; the crossing module (SW) performs channel data crossing on different customer service data.
In the prior art, because the phase relation and the frequency offset between a source multiframe and a destination multiframe are uncertain, the frequency offset may exist during transmission. Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating transmission examples of a basic unit between two network elements in which a frequency offset exists in a fine-grained network. Within several identical clock cycles: the upstream network element transmits basic units according to protocol standards, and an idle code block is inserted after each basic unit. After the upstream node basic unit inserts and deletes the idle code blocks through FlexE rate adaptation, the positions and the numbers of the idle code blocks change. Assuming that the local node frequency is higher than the upstream node, the amount of received data is less than the amount of data sent by the upstream node during the same clock cycle. And after the local node inserts and deletes the idle code blocks through FlexE rate adaptation, recovering the data rate according to the frequency of the local node. The local node basic unit transmitting end transmits basic units according to the local frequency and protocol standard, and the number and the position of idle code blocks among the basic units are different from the multiframe number of the basic unit at the same time and the receiving end of the local node basic unit. In the method, because the phase relation and the frequency offset between the source multiframe and the destination multiframe are uncertain, when the destination multiframe inserts the customer service data into the time slot, the customer service channel has the data just available, thereby leading to the time slot waste and the time delay lengthening; meanwhile, since the upstream node is required to insert and delete the idle code blocks and perform data rate recovery at the local node, more hardware resources are required to be consumed.
As shown in fig. 5, the method for optimizing network delay in the flexible ethernet according to the embodiment of the present invention specifically includes the following steps.
Step 101: and taking the basic unit transmitting end of the reference network element as a basic unit frequency and phase reference, calculating rate adjustment information according to the rate difference between the basic unit receiving end and the transmitting end of the reference network element, and transmitting the rate adjustment information to an upstream network element.
In this embodiment, in order to eliminate the frequency offset, the frequencies and phases of the upstream and downstream network elements need to be adjusted to be consistent. And selecting a designated network element from the fine-grained network as a reference network element, and taking a basic unit transmitting end of the designated network element as a basic unit frequency and phase reference. In practical implementation, the reference network element may be selected according to the use requirement. In the method provided in this embodiment, each basic unit in the network element needs to be calibrated, in order to accelerate the phase adjustment rate, it is preferable to use the network element including more basic unit configurations as the reference network element, so as to avoid using multiple reference network elements to calibrate different basic units for multiple times. Because the receiving rate of the basic unit of the reference network element is related to the sending rate of the upstream network element, the reference network element can send rate adjustment information to the upstream network element according to the rate difference between the receiving end and the sending end of the basic unit, and the upstream network element adjusts the number of idle code blocks among the basic units according to the rate adjustment information, thereby adjusting the sending rate of the multiframe of the basic unit of the upstream network element, so that the sending rate of the upstream node, the receiving rate of the reference network element and the sending rate of the reference network element are consistent.
Furthermore, during the adjustment, the counter-pulling signal with the adjusting frequency and the counter-pulling signal with the adjusting frequency are needed, so that the message structure of the basic unit is not changed, and the analysis and the identification are convenient, and the first two standby bits of the basic unit can be used to respectively bear the counter-pulling signal and the counter-pulling signal. When the message format is used, each time an upstream network element receives a piece of rate adjustment information, an idle code block is increased or reduced between basic units, so that the quantitative adjustment of the rate can be realized only by calculating the quantity of the transmitted rate adjustment information according to the rate difference between a receiving end and a transmitting end of the reference network element. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a format for carrying the adjustment signal information using fine granularity basic unit overhead, and using the first two spare bits to carry the backpressure signal and the counter-pulling signal, respectively. And the upstream network element correspondingly adjusts the idle code blocks by analyzing the rate adjustment information. It should be understood that the format in which the fine granularity basic unit overhead carries the adjustment signal information is merely one implementation of the embodiment of the present application, and the adjustment signal information may also be carried by other manners, which is not limited herein.
Step 102: and adjusting the multi-frame transmission rate of the base unit at the base unit transmitting end which is in butt joint with the reference network element until the reference network element keeps the receiving quantity and the transmitting quantity of the base unit consistent in a preset period.
And the upstream network element adjusts the multi-frame transmission rate of the base unit transmitting end base unit which is in butt joint with the reference network element by increasing or reducing the number of idle code blocks among the base units according to the received rate adjustment information. The idle code blocks inserted between the basic units are increased, so that the transmission rate of the basic units can be reduced; the idle code blocks inserted between the basic units are reduced, and the transmission rate of the basic units can be improved.
In practical implementations, multiple adjustments are typically required to be able to adjust the rates of the transmitting and receiving ends to be consistent. After the receiving rate of the reference network element is stable, the frequency of sending rate adjustment information to the upstream network element is updated according to the new rate difference between the receiving end and the sending end of the basic unit. When there is a rate difference, step 101 and step 102 are re-executed, the reference network element sends rate adjustment information again, and the upstream network element performs rate adjustment again. And when the receiving quantity and the sending quantity of the basic units are consistent in a certain time period, the sending rate of the upstream network element and the sending rate of the reference network element are indicated to have no rate difference, and the phase locking is completed.
Step 103: the receiving end of the basic unit, which is in butt joint with the downstream network element of the reference network element, caches the basic unit multi-frame data stream, adjusts the position distribution of idle code blocks inserted between the basic units, and continuously transmits the data stream downstream according to the number and the position distribution of the idle code blocks after adjustment.
After the frequency adjustment is performed on the upstream network element of the reference network element, in order to keep the phase of the downstream network element of the reference network element consistent with that of the reference network element, further adjustment is required for the downstream network element. The downstream network element of the reference network element and the receiving end of the basic unit butted with the reference network element buffer the basic unit multi-frame data stream, and the idle code blocks are uniformly distributed by deleting and inserting the idle code blocks to adjust the position distribution of the idle code blocks among the basic units on the basis of keeping the total number of the idle code blocks in each period. And the downstream network element basic unit transmitting end adjusts the idle code position distribution among the basic units according to the position distribution of the idle code blocks among the basic units in the buffer memory, and completes the phase locking and the phase alignment of the basic unit multiframe data stream with the basic unit receiving end.
After steps 101-103 provided in this embodiment, each network element source multiframe and destination multiframe can keep the same frequency and phase as the reference network element, so that when the destination multiframe inserts customer service data into a time slot, the customer service channel has data available, and the time slot waste in the transmission process is reduced, thereby reducing the network delay.
In practical implementation of this embodiment, multiple adjustments are usually required to achieve the frequency coincidence between the upstream network element and the reference network element, which can be specifically accomplished in the following manner. In the following example, the preset adjustment period length is N clock periods.
And when the frequency adjustment signal is adjusted for the first time, calculating the number of frequency adjustment signals to be transmitted according to the difference between the number of basic units transmitted and received by the reference network element in the previous preset adjustment period and the length of a single frame.
In the last adjustment period, the reference network element transmits X basic units and receives Y basic units.
If x=y indicates that the rate is consistent and no adjustment is required, no adjustment signal is sent.
If X is not equal to Y, the first adjustment is performed.
When the transmission rate of the basic unit transmission module of the reference network element is higher than the received basic unit data stream rate, the reference network element transmits a reverse pull signal to the upstream network element, so that the transmitting end of the upstream network element reduces the number of idle code blocks to improve the transmission frequency of the basic unit. And when the upstream network element receives a reverse pulling signal sent by the reference network element, reducing the transmission of an idle code block between the basic units.
And when the transmission rate of the basic unit transmission module of the reference network element is lower than the received data stream rate of the basic unit, the reference network element transmits a back pressure signal to the upstream network element, so that the transmitting end of the upstream network element increases the insertion quantity of idle code blocks to reduce the transmission frequency of the basic unit. When the upstream network element receives a back pressure signal sent by the reference network element, an idle code block between the basic units is increased to be sent.
Since each base unit frame has a fixed length of 197 code blocks and an average of 1 idle code block is between two adjacent base unit frames, in order to make the rate of the upstream network element coincide with the reference network element, the reference network element needs to send (197+1) |x-y| i.e. 198×|x-y| adjustment signals in N clock cycles of each adjustment period.
After the first adjustment is completed, every N clock cycles, the reference network element sends X basic units and receives Z basic units.
If x=z, the adjustment signal transmission frequency remains unchanged, indicating that the rate is consistent and adjustment is not required, and the adjustment is completed.
If X.noteq.Z, the frequency is inconsistent, readjustment is performed.
And when the adjustment is not performed for the first time, the reference network element gradually adjusts the quantity of the transmitted adjustment signals on the basis of the first adjustment.
In N periods, the reference network element sends 198X-Y adjusting signals, the number of basic units received by the reference network element is changed from Y to Z, and the number of basic units is changed into |Z-Y|. If the number of basic units received by the expected reference network element is changed from Y to X, 198X (X-Y) should be sent 2 and/Z-Y adjustment signals.
Z > Y, the reference network element sends a reverse pull signal to the upstream network element, and Z < Y, the reference network element sends a reverse pull signal to the upstream network element.
After the secondary adjustment is completed, every N clock cycles, the reference network element sends X basic units and receives M basic units.
If x=m, the adjustment signal transmission frequency remains unchanged, and the adjustment is ended.
If X.noteq.M, the frequency is inconsistent, then three adjustments are made.
If X > M > Z or X < M < Z, the second adjustment is not as expected, the reference network element increases the adjustment signal transmission step by step;
if M > X > Z or M < X < Z, namely the second adjustment exceeds the expectation, the reference network element gradually reduces the number of adjustment signals;
and (5) until the number of the receiving and transmitting basic units is equal in N periods, and finishing adjustment.
If the frequencies are not consistent after the three times of adjustment, continuing to adjust the frequency by referring to the mode of the third time of adjustment until the frequencies are consistent.
After the transmission frequency of the upstream network element is consistent with the receiving frequency of the reference network element, phase difference locking is needed on the reference network element, so that the time slot of the client service data to be transmitted is aligned with the allocated time slot. Within several identical clock cycles: the base unit transmitting end of the reference network element transmits the base units according to the protocol standard, and an idle code block is inserted after each base unit. Since Idle is inserted more than deleted, when the frequency of the local node is higher than that of the upstream node in order to recover the data rate, the amount of data received by the reference network element is smaller than that of data transmitted by the upstream network element in the same clock period. The reference network element sends the adjustment to the upstream network element, and the number of Idle inserts is reduced when the upstream network element sends the basic unit.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the phase locking and the phase difference adjustment may be accomplished using the following steps.
Step 201: and after receiving the data, the reference network element performs FlexE rate adaptation processing, adjusts the distribution of idle code blocks through a buffer memory, and completes phase locking.
Step 202: and the receiving end of the basic unit of the reference network element inserts or deletes idle code blocks in the designated position through the buffer memory to finish the phase difference adjustment.
Step 203: the receiving end and the transmitting end of the basic unit of the reference network element complete phase locking, so that the phase difference between the receiving end and the transmitting end is a preset phase difference.
In a preferred scheme, in order to reduce the time delay caused by the idle code block as much as possible, after the receiving end and the transmitting end of the basic unit of the reference network element finish phase locking, the phase difference Δt is preset as a space code block.
As shown in fig. 8, an exemplary transmission diagram of the basic unit of the phase adjustment process of the reference network element and the upstream network element is shown. As can be seen from the figure, after the adjustment in steps 201-203, the upstream network element is in phase with the reference network element.
The base unit transmitting end of the reference network element transmits the base units according to the protocol standard, and an idle code block is inserted after each base unit. When the frequency of the local node is higher than that of the upstream node, the received data quantity of the downstream network element is smaller than the transmitted data quantity of the reference network element in the same clock period. After the idle code blocks are inserted and deleted by the downstream network element basic unit through FlexE rate adaptation, the positions and the numbers of the idle code blocks are changed, so that the phase is also changed. Thus, for downstream network elements, phase locking and phase difference adjustment are also required.
As shown in fig. 9, the phase locking and the phase difference adjustment can be accomplished using the following steps.
Step 301: after the idle code blocks are inserted and deleted by the downstream network element basic unit through FlexE rate adaptation, the receiving end of the downstream network element basic unit adjusts the distribution of the idle code blocks through buffering, so that the distribution of the idle code blocks is uniform.
Step 302: and the transmitting end of the basic unit of the downstream network element adjusts the quantity and the position of the idle code blocks to be transmitted, and completes phase locking and phase difference adjustment.
Step 303: the phase locking and alignment of the transmitting end and the receiving end of the downstream network element basic unit are completed, so that the phase difference between the receiving end and the transmitting end is a preset phase difference.
As shown in fig. 10, an exemplary transmission diagram of the basic unit of the phase adjustment process of the reference network element and the downstream network element is shown. As can be seen from the figure, after the adjustment in steps 301-303, the downstream network element is in phase with the reference network element.
The method for optimizing network delay in the flexible Ethernet has the following beneficial effects compared with the existing scheme.
1. And selecting a designated network element as a reference network element, sending a rate adjustment notice to an upstream network element according to the rate difference between a receiving end and a sending end of a basic unit of the designated network element, and enabling the sending end of the basic unit of the upstream network element to complete rate adaptation of the basic unit of the reference network element by adjusting the sending rate of the basic unit, so as to realize phase locking. The receiving side of the basic unit of the reference network element further performs phase alignment by deleting and inserting idle codes among the basic units.
2. The rapid phase dynamic adjustment algorithm is provided, so that the buffer depth used in the adjustment process is small, the adjustment speed is high, and the phase stability after adjustment is high.
3. For the downstream network element of the reference network element, the base unit transmitting side completes the phase locking and alignment of the base unit receiving side by adjusting the transmitting rate and position of the base unit, so that the phase locking and alignment of the whole network can be realized, and the transmission delay of the network P node can be further reduced.
Example 2:
based on the method for network delay optimization in flexible ethernet provided in embodiment 1, a complete example of implementation in the exemplary scenario shown in fig. 1 is provided in this embodiment. In the similar network environment, the adaptation can be carried out according to the actual demand.
As shown in fig. 11, a flow chart of phase locking and alignment of the whole network base unit is shown.
Step 401: and selecting a designated network element in the fine-grained network as a reference network element, and executing steps 402 and 408 by taking a basic unit transmitting end of the designated network element as a basic unit frequency and phase reference.
Step 402: it is determined whether the rate difference between the receiving end and the transmitting end of the basic unit of the reference network element is equal, and if not, step 403 is performed.
Step 403: and the reference network element transmits rate adjustment information to the upstream network element according to the rate difference between the receiving end and the transmitting end of the basic unit.
Step 404: and the upstream network element adjusts the multi-frame transmission rate of the base unit transmitting end base unit, which is in butt joint with the reference network element, by increasing or reducing the number of idle codes among the base units according to the received rate adjustment information.
Step 405: after the receiving rate is stable, the reference network element determines whether the new rates of the receiving end and the transmitting end of the basic unit are equal, if so, step 406 is executed, and if not, step 403 is executed.
Step 406: and judging whether the multiframe phases of the receiving end and the transmitting end of the basic unit of the reference network element are aligned, and if not, executing step 407.
Step 407: the base unit receiving end of the reference network element caches the base unit multiframe data stream, and the position distribution of the base unit is adjusted by deleting and inserting the idle code blocks, so that the phase alignment of the base unit multiframe data stream with the base unit transmitting end is completed.
Step 408: step 409 is executed to determine whether the difference in rates between the receiving end and the transmitting end of the downstream network element basic unit is equal or not.
Step 409: the receiving end of the basic unit, which is in butt joint with the reference network element, of the downstream network element caches the basic unit multi-frame data stream, and the idle code position distribution among the basic units is adjusted through the deletion and insertion of idle code blocks, so that the idle codes are uniformly distributed.
Step 410: and the transmitting end of the basic unit of the downstream network element adjusts the position distribution of idle codes among the basic units, and the phase locking and the phase alignment of the basic unit multiframe data stream with the receiving end of the basic unit are completed.
The phase lock and alignment of the whole network base unit can be accomplished through steps 401-410.
Further, as shown in fig. 12, the reference network element and the upstream network element base unit phase lock may be accomplished by the following steps.
Step 501: and in N clock cycles, the reference network element transmits X basic units and receives Y basic units.
Step 502: it is determined whether X and Y are equal, and if not, step 503 is performed.
Step 503: whether X-Y is greater than 0 is determined, if so, step 504 is performed, and if not, step 506 is performed.
Step 504: every N clock cycles, the reference network element sends 198× (X-Y) reverse pull signals to the upstream network element.
Step 505: and the transmitting end of the basic unit reduces one idle code block to transmit every time the upstream network element receives a reverse pulling signal.
Step 506: every N clock cycles, the reference network element sends 198× (Y-X) back pressure signals to the upstream network element.
Step 507: and each time the upstream network element receives a back pressure signal, the transmitting end of the basic unit increases an idle code block for transmitting.
Step 508: and after the first adjustment is completed, every N clock cycles, the reference network element sends X basic units and receives Z basic units.
Step 509: it is determined whether X and Z are equal, and if not, step 510 is performed.
Step 510: whether Z-Y is greater than 0 is determined, if so, step 511 is performed, and if not, step 512 is performed.
Step 511: within N periods, the reference network element sends 198× (X-Y) to the upstream network element 2 and/Z-Y counter-pulled signals.
Step 512: within N periods, the reference network element sends 198× (X-Y) to the upstream network element 2 and/Z-Y counter-pressure signals.
Step 513: and after the secondary adjustment is completed, every N clock cycles, the reference network element transmits X basic units and receives M basic units.
Step 514: it is determined whether X and M are equal, and if not, step 515 is performed.
Step 515: if the magnitude relation between X, Z and M is determined, if X > M > Z or X < M < Z, then step 516 is executed, and if M > X > Z or M < X < Z, then step 517 is executed.
Step 516: the reference network element gradually increases the number of adjustment signals sent to the upstream network element until the number of receiving and sending basic units is equal in N periods.
Step 517: the reference network element gradually reduces the number of adjustment signals sent to the upstream network element until the number of receiving and sending basic units is equal in N periods.
Step 518: when the upstream network element receives a reverse pulling signal, the transmitting end of the basic unit reduces one idle code block to transmit; and each time a back pressure signal is received, the transmitting end of the basic unit increases an idle code block for transmission.
The reference network element and the upstream network element basic unit phase lock can be completed through steps 501-518.
As can be seen from the specific example in this embodiment, the method for optimizing network delay in the flexible ethernet provided in embodiment 1 can complete phase locking and alignment of the whole network device, so as to achieve the effect of reducing network delay.
Example 3:
on the basis of the method for optimizing network delay in the flexible ethernet provided in the foregoing embodiments 1 to 2, the present invention further provides an apparatus for optimizing network delay in the flexible ethernet, which may be used to implement the foregoing method, as shown in fig. 13, and is a schematic apparatus architecture of an embodiment of the present invention.
The device comprises a transmitting end 10, a receiving end 20, an adjustment signal processor 30 and a buffer 40.
The transmitting end 10 generates a basic unit multiple frame data stream and transmits it to the downstream network element. And when the standard basic unit is used as a reference network element, generating a standard basic unit multiframe data stream and transmitting the standard basic unit multiframe data stream. When the base unit is used as an upstream or downstream network element, the base unit multi-frame data stream is generated and sent according to the instruction of the adjustment module.
The receiving end 20 receives the basic unit data stream and the rate adjustment signal and counts the receiving and transmitting rates of the basic unit data stream.
The adjustment signal processor 30 generates an adjustment signal according to the method of network delay optimization in flexible ethernet provided in embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, or transmits an adjustment instruction to the transmitting end 10 according to the adjustment signal received by the receiving end 20. When the device is used as a reference network element, a rate adjustment signal is generated according to the basic unit data stream rate received by the receiving end 20 and the sending rate of the sending end 10 of the device, and is sent to an upstream network element by the sending end 10. When the network element is an upstream network element, an adjustment instruction is sent to the sender 10 according to the rate adjustment signal received by the receiver 20. When the device is used as a downstream network element, a rate adjustment signal is generated according to the basic unit data stream rate received by the receiving end 20 and the sending rate of the sending end 10 of the device, and an adjustment instruction is sent to the sending end 10.
The buffer 40 performs the deletion and insertion of the idle code blocks between the base units of the base unit receiving end 20, and performs phase locking and alignment on the premise of consistent rate.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the implementation functions of the units in the apparatus shown in fig. 13 can be understood with reference to embodiment 1 or the related description of the method provided in embodiment 1. In a practical implementation, the apparatus shown in fig. 14 may use any flexible ethernet fine-grained based network device consistent with the description above.
The functions of the units in the apparatus shown in fig. 14 may be implemented by a program running on a processor or by a specific logic circuit. Specifically, as shown in fig. 14, a schematic configuration diagram of any one of the functional units 50 in the apparatus provided in the present embodiment is shown. Including one or more processors 51, memory 52, and communication interface 53. In fig. 14, a processor 51 is taken as an example. The processor 51 and the memory 52 may be connected by a bus or otherwise, in fig. 14 by way of example by a bus 54. The memory 52 is used as a non-volatile computer readable storage medium for storing a non-volatile software program, a non-volatile computer executable program, and modules, as a network delay optimization method in a flexible ethernet, such as the network delay optimization methods in the flexible ethernet of embodiments 1 to 2, for example: the method comprises the steps of performing the phase locking and the alignment of the multiframe data streams of the basic units of the reference network element and the upstream network element or the phase locking and the alignment of the multiframe data streams of the basic units of the reference network element and the downstream network element. The processor 51 executes various functional applications and data processing of the apparatus for network delay optimization in the flexible ethernet, that is, implements the method for network delay optimization in the flexible ethernet of embodiments 1 to 2, by running nonvolatile software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory 52. Memory 52 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, memory 52 may optionally include memory located remotely from processor 51, which may be connected to processor 51 via a network. The communication interface 53 is used to realize communication between the functional unit 50 and the outside, such as transmission and reception of a basic unit, transmission and reception of a rate adjustment signal, and the like. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof. The program instructions/modules are stored in the memory 52 and when executed by the one or more processors 51 perform the method of network delay optimization in flexible ethernet in embodiments 1-2 described above, for example, performing the steps shown in fig. 5, 11 and 12 described above.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or a portion of the steps in the various methods of the embodiments may be implemented by a program that instructs associated hardware, the program may be stored on a computer readable storage medium, the storage medium may include: read Only Memory (ROM), random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for optimizing network delay in flexible Ethernet is characterized in that:
taking a basic unit transmitting end of a reference network element as a basic unit frequency and phase reference, calculating rate adjustment information according to a rate difference between a basic unit receiving end and a transmitting end of the reference network element, and transmitting the rate adjustment information to an upstream network element; the rate adjustment information comprises a reverse pull signal and a reverse pressure signal, and the number of adjustment signals to be transmitted is calculated according to the difference between the number of basic units transmitted and received by a reference network element in the previous preset adjustment period and the length of a single frame during the first adjustment; when the adjustment is not performed for the first time, the reference network element gradually adjusts the number of the transmitted adjustment signals on the basis of the first adjustment;
The upstream network element increases or decreases idle code blocks inserted between the basic units step by step according to the reverse pull signal or the reverse pull signal so as to adjust the multi-frame transmission rate of the basic unit transmitting end basic unit which is in butt joint with the reference network element until the reference network element keeps the receiving quantity and the transmitting quantity of the basic units consistent in a preset period;
the downstream network element of the reference network element and the receiving end of the basic unit butted with the reference network element buffer the basic unit multi-frame data stream, adjust the position distribution of idle code blocks inserted among the basic units, uniformly distribute the idle code blocks, and continuously send the idle code blocks to the downstream according to the number and the position distribution of the idle code blocks after adjustment.
2. The method for optimizing network delay in a flexible ethernet according to claim 1, wherein the sending rate adjustment information to the upstream network element specifically comprises:
judging the adjustment mode of the idle code block transmission frequency of the upstream network element transmitting end according to the number of basic units transmitted and received by the reference network element in the history preset adjustment period;
when the transmission rate of the basic unit transmission module of the reference network element is higher than the received basic unit data stream rate, the reference network element transmits a reverse pull signal to an upstream network element;
And when the transmission rate of the basic unit transmission module of the reference network element is lower than the received data stream rate of the basic unit, the reference network element transmits a back pressure signal to the upstream network element.
3. The method for optimizing network delay in a flexible ethernet network according to claim 2, wherein said sending rate adjustment information to an upstream network element further comprises:
the first two spare bits of the basic unit are used to carry the back-pressure signal and the back-pull signal, respectively.
4. The method for optimizing network delay in a flexible ethernet according to claim 1, wherein said adjusting a base unit sending end base unit multiframe sending rate for interfacing with a reference network element specifically comprises:
when the upstream network element receives a reverse pulling signal sent by the reference network element, reducing the transmission of an idle code block between the basic units;
when the upstream network element receives a back pressure signal sent by the reference network element, an idle code block between the basic units is increased to be sent.
5. The method for optimizing network delay in a flexible ethernet network according to claim 4, wherein after said adjusting the base unit sending end base unit multiframe sending rate for interfacing with the reference network element, further comprising:
After receiving the data, the reference network element performs FlexE rate adaptation processing, adjusts the distribution of idle code blocks through a buffer memory, and completes phase locking;
the receiving end of the basic unit of the reference network element inserts or deletes idle code blocks in the appointed position through the buffer memory to finish the phase difference adjustment;
the receiving end and the transmitting end of the basic unit of the reference network element complete phase locking, so that the phase difference between the receiving end and the transmitting end is a preset phase difference.
6. The method for optimizing network delay in a flexible ethernet network according to claim 4, wherein said calculating rate adjustment information according to a rate difference between a receiving end and a transmitting end of a base unit of a reference network element further comprises:
after the receiving rate of the reference network element is stable, the frequency of sending rate adjustment information to the upstream network element is updated according to the new rate difference between the receiving end and the sending end of the basic unit.
7. The method for optimizing network delay in a flexible ethernet network according to claim 1, wherein the downstream network element of the reference network element adjusts the idle code block position distribution inserted between the basic units, specifically comprising:
the downstream network element of the reference network element and the receiving end of the basic unit butted with the reference network element buffer the basic unit multi-frame data stream, and the idle code blocks are uniformly distributed by deleting and inserting the idle code blocks to adjust the position distribution of the idle code blocks among the basic units;
And the transmitting end of the basic unit of the downstream network element adjusts the position distribution of idle codes among the basic units, and the phase locking and the phase alignment of the basic unit multiframe data stream with the receiving end of the basic unit are completed.
8. The method for network delay optimization in a flexible ethernet network according to claim 7, wherein the downstream network element of the reference network element adjusts a distribution of idle code block positions inserted between the base units, further comprising:
after the idle code blocks are inserted and deleted by the downstream network element basic unit through FlexE rate adaptation, the receiving end of the downstream network element basic unit adjusts the distribution of the idle code blocks through buffering, so that the distribution is uniform;
the transmitting end of the basic unit of the downstream network element adjusts the quantity and the position of the idle code blocks to be transmitted, and phase locking and phase difference adjustment are completed;
the phase locking and alignment of the transmitting end and the receiving end of the downstream network element basic unit are completed, so that the phase difference between the receiving end and the transmitting end is a preset phase difference.
9. The device for optimizing network delay in the flexible Ethernet is characterized by comprising a transmitting end (10), a receiving end (20), an adjusting signal processor (30) and a buffer memory (40), and is specifically characterized in that:
a transmitting end (10) generates a basic unit multi-frame data stream and transmits the basic unit multi-frame data stream to a downstream network element;
The receiving end (20) receives the basic unit data stream and the rate adjustment signal, and counts the receiving and sending rates of the basic unit data stream;
-an adjustment signal processor (30) for generating an adjustment signal according to the method of network delay optimization in a flexible ethernet network according to any of claims 1-8 and/or for transmitting an adjustment indication to the transmitting end (10) based on the adjustment signal received by the receiving end (20);
the buffer (40) completes the deletion and insertion of idle code blocks among the basic units of the receiving end (20), and realizes phase locking and alignment on the premise of consistent rate.
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| CN202210815431.8A CN115189811B (en) | 2022-07-12 | 2022-07-12 | Method and device for optimizing network delay in flexible Ethernet |
| PCT/CN2023/070890 WO2024011879A1 (en) | 2022-07-12 | 2023-01-06 | Method and device for optimization of network latency in flexible ethernet |
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| CN202210815431.8A CN115189811B (en) | 2022-07-12 | 2022-07-12 | Method and device for optimizing network delay in flexible Ethernet |
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