CN115189781B - System and method for calibrating bandwidth occupied by instrument and meter - Google Patents
System and method for calibrating bandwidth occupied by instrument and meter Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/10—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters
- H04B17/11—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/10—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters
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Abstract
The invention relates to a system and a method for calibrating occupied bandwidth of an instrument, which belong to the technical field of instruments, and can realize the magnitude tracing of the occupied bandwidth while realizing the calibration of the occupied bandwidth of the instrument; the method adopts two paths of continuous wave signals with the same output power as standard signals to realize the calibration of the bandwidth occupied by instruments and meters; comprising the following steps: connecting the system and setting parameters; under the first occupied bandwidth power ratio, the occupied bandwidth of the device under the continuous wave effect of the radio frequency output of the first signal generator and the radio frequency output of the second signal generator is read from the calibrated instrument and meter; under the second occupied bandwidth power ratio, the occupied bandwidth under the combined action of continuous waves output by the radio frequencies of the two signal generators is read from the calibrated instrument and meter; and calculating the actual measurement value of the occupied bandwidth of the calibrated instrument according to the three occupied bandwidths.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of instruments and meters, in particular to a system and a method for calibrating bandwidth occupied by instruments and meters.
Background
With the development of electronic communication equipment, from 300kHz medium wave communication, to a mobile communication frequency band below 6GHz, to the development of a millimeter wave 5G/B5G communication system, a satellite communication system, a wireless internet of things, an industrial internet and other wireless communication systems, the frequency of the wireless communication terminal equipment is higher and higher, the modulation mode is complex, and the occupied bandwidth is wider and wider. The occupied bandwidth is the frequency width occupied by the energy (power) emitted by the whole channel of the communication product, and is one of important indexes of the communication product.
The occupied bandwidth cannot exceed the bandwidth range specified by the corresponding standard, i.e. cannot occupy the resources of other communication products. In general, if the occupied width is too large, the power of the self channel exceeds the standard, and if the occupied width is not enough, the power of the channel is too small, so that the communication function of the product is not realized. In general, instruments such as a spectrum analyzer, a vector signal analyzer and a mobile communication comprehensive tester all have the function of testing occupied bandwidth, however, most of the current occupied bandwidth calibration adopts a comparison method, and the magnitude traceability of the occupied bandwidth cannot be truly realized.
Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a system and method for calibrating the bandwidth occupied by an instrument that addresses the deficiencies of the prior art and solves or mitigates one or more of the problems described above.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a system and a method for calibrating the occupied bandwidth of an instrument and a meter, which can realize the value tracing of the occupied bandwidth while realizing the calibration of the occupied bandwidth of the instrument and the meter.
In one aspect, the invention provides a calibration system for bandwidth occupied by instruments and meters, wherein the system comprises a first signal generator, a second signal generator, a power divider and calibrated instruments and meters;
the reference output end of the first signal generator is respectively connected with the second signal generator and the reference input end of the calibrated instrument;
the radio frequency output ends of the first signal generator and the second signal generator are connected with the radio frequency input end of the calibrated instrument through the power divider.
In accordance with aspects and any possible implementation manner of the foregoing, there is further provided an implementation manner, where the system further includes a power meter, and the power meter is connected to an output terminal of the power divider, and is configured to measure an output power of the first signal generator or the second signal generator.
In the aspect and any possible implementation manner as described above, there is further provided an implementation manner, where the frequency of the output signal of the reference output terminal of the first signal generator is 10MHz.
In the aspects and any possible implementation manner as described above, there is further provided an implementation manner, where the calibrated instrument is a spectrum analyzer, a signal analyzer or a comprehensive tester.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for calibrating the bandwidth occupied by an instrument, the method being implemented using a calibration system as described in any one of the above; the method comprises the following steps:
s1, parameter setting is carried out on the instrument to be calibrated, the first signal generator and the second signal generator;
s2, reading the occupied bandwidth of the device under the action of the continuous wave of the radio frequency output of the first signal generator from the calibrated instrument and meter, and recording the occupied bandwidth as OBW1; the power ratio of the bandwidth occupied by the calibrated instrument is set to be a first power ratio;
s3, reading the occupied bandwidth of the device under the effect of the continuous wave output by the radio frequency of the second signal generator from the calibrated instrument and meter, and recording the occupied bandwidth as OBW2; the power ratio of the bandwidth occupied by the calibrated instrument is set to be the first power ratio;
s4, reading the occupied bandwidth of the device under the combined action of continuous waves output by the radio frequency of the first signal generator and the radio frequency of the second signal generator from the calibrated instrument and meter, and recording the occupied bandwidth as OBW3; the power ratio of the bandwidth occupied by the calibrated instrument is set to be a second power ratio;
s5, calculating an actual measurement value of the occupied bandwidth of the calibrated instrument according to the occupied bandwidth read in the steps S2, S3 and S4.
In the aspect and any possible implementation manner as described above, there is further provided an implementation manner, where the setting parameters in step S1 includes:
setting the reference level of the calibrated instrument as an automatic mode, wherein the function is a bandwidth occupation function;
the output power of the radio frequency output ends of the first signal generator and the second signal generator is the same.
In the aspect and any possible implementation manner as described above, there is further provided an implementation manner, where the setting parameters in step S1 includes:
setting the central frequency of the output wave of the calibrated instrument and meter as f, and setting the central frequency of the output continuous wave of the first signal generator as f 1 The center frequency of the continuous wave output by the second signal generator is f 2 And the three parts satisfy the following:
f＝(f 1 +f 2 )/2，
f 1 ＝f-offset，
f 2 ＝f-offset，
wherein offset=0.25×span, SPAN is the test bandwidth of the calibrated instrument.
In aspects and any one of the possible implementations as described above, there is further provided an implementation, the first power ratio is 98%.
In aspects and any one of the possible implementations as described above, there is further provided an implementation, the second power ratio is 99%.
In the aspect and any possible implementation manner as described above, further provided is an implementation manner, where the calculation formula of the actual measurement value of the occupied bandwidth in step S5 is:
OBW actual measurement ＝OBW3-(OBW1+OBW2)/2。
Compared with the prior art, one of the technical schemes has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the bandwidth occupation calibration method can realize the quantity value traceability of the occupied bandwidth while realizing the bandwidth occupation calibration of instruments and meters, and overcomes the defect that the existing comparison method cannot trace the source during the calibration.
The other technical scheme has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the calibration method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple calibration process, accurate calibration result and convenience in popularization and use.
Of course, it is not necessary for any of the products embodying the invention to achieve all of the technical effects described above at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a calibration system for bandwidth occupation of instruments according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the inventionThe method for calibrating the occupied bandwidth of the instrument and meter is provided, and two paths of continuous wave signals are used as standard signals to calibrate the occupied bandwidth of the instrument and meter such as a spectrum analyzer, a vector signal analyzer, a mobile communication comprehensive tester and the like; the actual output power of the two paths of continuous wave signals is the same, and the center frequencies of the two paths of continuous wave signals are f respectively 1 ，f 2 By f 1 And f 2 Is calibrated as the actual value of the occupied bandwidth.
The method for calibrating the occupied bandwidth of the instrument comprises the following steps:
step one, connecting calibration equipment. The connection structure of the equipment is shown in figure 1, a 10MHz reference output port of a signal generator 1 is respectively connected with 10MHz reference input ports of a signal generator 2 and a calibrated spectrum analyzer/signal analyzer/comprehensive tester, signals need to be synchronized, and 10MHz is a clock synchronization signal; the radio frequency output ports of the signal generator 1 and the signal generator 2 are connected with the radio frequency input ports of the calibrated spectrum analyzer/signal analyzer/comprehensive tester through the power divider.
And secondly, setting the central frequency of the calibrated spectrum analyzer/signal analyzer/comprehensive tester as f, setting the reference level as automatic, selecting the bandwidth occupation function, and setting the corresponding test bandwidth SPAN.
Step three, the central frequency of the continuous wave output by the signal generator 1 is set to be f 1 The output end of the power divider is connected with the power meter, the radio frequency output is turned on, the signal source output level is adjusted to enable the power meter to display-10 dBm, and the radio frequency output is turned off.
Step four, the central frequency of the continuous wave output by the signal generator 2 is set to be f 2 =f+offset, turn on the rf output, adjust the signal source output level to show the power meter at-10 dBm, turn off the rf output.
The contents of the third step and the fourth step can be obtained: f= (f 1 +f 2 )/2。
Fifthly, the output end of the power divider is connected with the radio frequency input end of the calibrated spectrum analyzer/signal analyzer/comprehensive tester, the power ratio of the bandwidth occupied by the calibrated instrument is set to 98% (the definition of the occupied bandwidth is 99% of power, 98% is preferred, and other settings are adopted with errors), the radio frequency output of the signal generator 1 is turned on, the occupied bandwidth of the continuous wave is read in the calibrated instrument and recorded as OBW1, and the radio frequency output of the signal generator 1 is turned off.
And step six, turning on the radio frequency output of the signal generator 2, and reading the occupied bandwidth of the continuous wave in the calibrated instrument and recording as OBW2.
Step seven, turning on radio frequency outputs of the signal generator 1 and the signal generator 2, setting the power ratio of the occupied bandwidth of the calibrated instrument to be 99%, reading the occupied bandwidth in the calibrated instrument and recording the occupied bandwidth as OBW3, and calculating the actual measurement value of the occupied bandwidth according to a formula:
OBW actual measurement = OBW3- (obw1+obw2)/2.
Example 1:
this embodiment is calibrated for a signal analyzer, the contents of the calibration including:
1) The connection structure of the connection device is shown in fig. 1, and this embodiment will not be further described.
2) The center frequency of the calibrated signal analyzer is set to be 1.05GHz, the reference level is automatic, the bandwidth occupation function is selected, and the Span is set to be 200MHz.
3) The frequency of the output continuous wave of the signal generator 1 is set to f 1 The output end of the power divider is connected with the power meter, the radio frequency output is turned on, the output level of the signal source is adjusted to enable the power meter to display-10 dBm, and the radio frequency output is turned off.
4) The frequency of the output continuous wave of the signal generator 2 is set to f 2 =1.1 GHz, turn on the rf output, adjust the signal source output level to show the power meter at-10 dBm, turn off the rf output.
5) The output end of the power divider is connected with the radio frequency input end of the calibrated analyzer, the power ratio of the occupied bandwidth of the calibrated instrument is set to 98%, the radio frequency output of the signal generator 1 is turned on, the occupied bandwidth of the continuous wave is read in the tested instrument, the occupied bandwidth is recorded as OBW1=0.1 MHz, and the radio frequency output of the signal generator 1 is turned off.
6) The radio frequency output of the signal generator 2 is turned on, and the occupied bandwidth of the continuous wave is read in the meter under test and recorded as obw2=0.1 MHz.
7) Simultaneously, radio frequency outputs of the signal generator 1 and the signal generator 2 are turned on, the power ratio of the occupied bandwidth of the calibrated instrument is set to be 99%, the occupied bandwidth is read to be obw3=100.2mhz, and the actual measurement value of the occupied bandwidth is calculated according to the formula:
OBW actual measurement = OBW3- (obw1+obw2)/2 = 100.1MHz.
Uncertainty evaluation:
1. measuring uncertainty sources
1) Uncertainty (u 1) introduced by the resolution of the 5G analyzer under test;
2) Uncertainty introduced by the reproducibility of the connection and reading (u 2);
2. measurement uncertainty analysis
1) Uncertainty (u 1) introduced by the resolution of the 5G analyzer under test;
the maximum error introduced by the resolution is 0.01MHz/100MHz, and the probability distribution of the measured value falling in the interval is set as uniform distribution
Standard uncertainty
2) Uncertainty introduced by the reproducibility of the connection and reading (u 2);
the output frequency is 1.05GHz, the power is-10 dBm, the frequency of the signal generator 1 is 1GHz, the frequency of the signal generator 2 is 1.1GHz, the measurement is repeated 10 times, and the actual measurement result of the occupied bandwidth is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Number of measurements | Actual measurement of occupied bandwidth (MH)z) |
| 1 | 100.15 |
| 2 | 100.13 |
| 3 | 100.15 |
| 4 | 100.14 |
| 5 | 100.15 |
| 6 | 100.16 |
| 7 | 100.15 |
| 8 | 100.13 |
| 9 | 100.15 |
| 10 | 100.14 |
Test standard deviation of single measurement result
Standard uncertainty is expressed using the experimental standard deviation, u2=s=0.009%.
3. Uncertainty synthesis
TABLE 2
Table 2 is a fractional table of uncertainty. The measurement uncertainty is defined as: the characterization reasonably imparts the dispersibility of the measured values, the parameters associated with the measurement results. Uncertainty evaluations are classified into class a uncertainty evaluations and class B uncertainty evaluations. Evaluating the standard uncertainty by using a method of carrying out statistical analysis on the observation columns, which is called uncertainty class A evaluation; the obtained corresponding standard uncertainty is called class A uncertainty component, and the standard uncertainty is evaluated by a method different from the statistical analysis of the observation column, and is called class B uncertainty evaluation; the resulting corresponding standard uncertainty is referred to as a class B uncertainty component.
Uncertainty of synthesis standard
Spreading factor k=2, spreading uncertainty ur=k×uc=2×0.011% =0.03%.
Table 3 occupied bandwidth calibration results
The occupied bandwidth measured by the calibration method is close to the calculated value, the measurement uncertainty is small, and the rationality and operability of the method are verified.
The traceable bandwidth occupation calibration method can be applied to instrument calibration with bandwidth occupation functions of a spectrum analyzer, a vector signal analyzer, a mobile communication comprehensive tester and the like.
The system and the method for calibrating the bandwidth occupied by the instrument provided by the embodiment of the application are described in detail. The above description of embodiments is only for aiding in understanding the method of the present application and its core ideas; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have modifications in the specific embodiments and application scope in accordance with the ideas of the present application, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present application in view of the above.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product or system that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such product or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a commodity or system comprising such elements. By "substantially" is meant that within an acceptable error range, a person skilled in the art is able to solve the technical problem within a certain error range, substantially achieving the technical effect.
The terminology used in the embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The specific meaning of these terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate. The term "and/or" as used herein is merely one association relationship describing the associated object, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the front and rear associated objects are an "or" relationship.
Claims (10)
1. The system is characterized by comprising a first signal generator, a second signal generator, a power divider and a calibrated instrument;
the reference output end of the first signal generator is respectively connected with the second signal generator and the reference input end of the calibrated instrument;
the radio frequency output ends of the first signal generator and the second signal generator are connected with the radio frequency input end of the calibrated instrument through the power divider;
setting the central frequency of the output wave of the calibrated instrument and meter as f, setting the central frequency of the output continuous wave of the first signal generator as f1, setting the central frequency of the output continuous wave of the second signal generator as f2, and satisfying the following conditions: f= (f1+f2)/2, f1=f-offset, f2=f-offset, wherein offset=0.25×span, SPAN is the radio frequency output end of the first signal generator and the second signal generator of the test strip of the instrument and meter to be calibrated, and the radio frequency output ends of the first signal generator and the second signal generator are connected with the radio frequency input end of the instrument and meter to be calibrated through the power divider;
the output power of the radio frequency output ends of the first signal generator and the second signal generator is the same.
2. The system of claim 1, further comprising a power meter coupled to the output of the power divider for measuring the output power of the first signal generator or the second signal generator.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the reference output of the first signal generator outputs a signal having a frequency of 10MHz.
4. The system for calibrating the bandwidth occupied by the instruments and meters according to claim 1, wherein the instruments and meters to be calibrated are spectrum analyzers, signal analyzers or comprehensive meters.
5. A method for calibrating the bandwidth occupied by an instrument, which is characterized in that the method is realized by the calibration system according to any one of claims 1-4; the method comprises the following steps:
s1, parameter setting is carried out on the instrument to be calibrated, the first signal generator and the second signal generator;
s2, reading the occupied bandwidth of the device under the action of the continuous wave of the radio frequency output of the first signal generator from the calibrated instrument and meter, and recording the occupied bandwidth as OBW1; the power ratio of the bandwidth occupied by the calibrated instrument is set to be a first power ratio;
s3, reading the occupied bandwidth of the device under the effect of the continuous wave output by the radio frequency of the second signal generator from the calibrated instrument and meter, and recording the occupied bandwidth as OBW2; the power ratio of the bandwidth occupied by the calibrated instrument is set to be the first power ratio;
s4, reading the occupied bandwidth of the device under the combined action of continuous waves output by the radio frequency of the first signal generator and the radio frequency of the second signal generator from the calibrated instrument and meter, and recording the occupied bandwidth as OBW3; the power ratio of the bandwidth occupied by the calibrated instrument is set to be a second power ratio;
s5, calculating an actual measurement value of the occupied bandwidth of the calibrated instrument according to the occupied bandwidth read in the steps S2, S3 and S4.
6. The method for calibrating an occupied bandwidth of an instrument according to claim 5, wherein the parameter setting in step S1 includes:
setting the function of the calibrated instrument as a bandwidth occupation function and setting the reference level as an automatic mode;
the output power of the radio frequency output ends of the first signal generator and the second signal generator is the same.
7. The method for calibrating an occupied bandwidth of an instrument according to claim 5, wherein the parameters in step S1 are
The setting comprises the following steps:
setting the central frequency of the output wave of the calibrated instrument and meter as f, setting the central frequency of the output continuous wave of the first signal generator as f1, setting the central frequency of the output continuous wave of the second signal generator as f2, and satisfying the following conditions:
f＝(f 1+f 2)/2，
f 1＝f-offset，
f 2＝f-offset，
wherein offset=0.25×span, SPAN is the test bandwidth of the calibrated instrument.
8. The method of calibrating an instrument bandwidth according to claim 5, wherein the first power ratio is 98%.
9. The method of calibrating an instrument bandwidth according to claim 5, wherein the second power ratio is 99%.
10. The method for calibrating an occupied bandwidth of an instrument and meter according to claim 5, wherein the calculation formula of the actual measurement value of the occupied bandwidth in step S5 is:
OBW actual measurement = OBW3- (obw1+obw2)/2.
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