CN115086133A - Adaptive modulation SCMA codebook design method, device, medium and equipment - Google Patents
Adaptive modulation SCMA codebook design method, device, medium and equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method, a device, a medium and equipment for designing an adaptive modulation SCMA codebook. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring channel information, and selecting a target self-adaptive mode from a plurality of preset self-adaptive modes according to the channel information, wherein the preset self-adaptive modes are obtained according to the number of users and a plurality of preset modulation modes; obtaining a twiddle factor and a mother constellation diagram according to a target self-adaptive mode; and acquiring the number of resource blocks and a mapping matrix of each user, and acquiring a Sparse Code Multiple Access (SCMA) codebook of each user according to the number of the resource blocks, the mapping matrix, the twiddle factors and the mother constellation. The method can improve the spectrum efficiency and reduce the error rate.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the SCMA (Sparse Code Multiple Access) technology field, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a medium, and a device for adaptively modulating an SCMA codebook.
Background
The SCMA is used as a multi-carrier non-orthogonal multiple access technology, a plurality of users transmit on resource nodes less than the number of the users, overload can be achieved, and the frequency spectrum efficiency is high. However, in the related art SCMA, the transmission parameters are specified with reference to the worst state of the channel, which results in a reduction in the spectral efficiency of the system in a good channel state, and the conventional twiddle factor calculation method greatly reduces the communication performance due to the difference in modulation schemes between users.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. Therefore, a first objective of the present invention is to provide a method for designing an adaptive modulation SCMA codebook, so as to improve spectrum efficiency and reduce bit error rate.
A second object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for adaptively modulating an SCMA codebook.
A third object of the invention is to propose a computer-readable storage medium.
A fourth object of the invention is to propose an electronic device.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for designing an adaptive modulation SCMA codebook, where the method includes: acquiring channel information, and selecting a target self-adaptive mode from a plurality of preset self-adaptive modes according to the channel information, wherein the preset self-adaptive modes are obtained according to the number of users and a plurality of preset modulation modes; obtaining a twiddle factor and a mother constellation diagram according to the target self-adaptive mode; and acquiring the number of resource blocks and a mapping matrix of each user, and acquiring a Sparse Code Multiple Access (SCMA) codebook of each user according to the number of the resource blocks, the mapping matrix, the twiddle factor and the mother constellation.
In order to achieve the above object, a second embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for adaptively modulating an SCMA codebook, where the apparatus includes: the acquisition module is used for acquiring channel information and acquiring the number of resource blocks and a mapping matrix of each user; the selection module is used for selecting a target self-adaptive mode from a plurality of preset self-adaptive modes according to the channel information, wherein the preset self-adaptive modes are obtained according to the number of users and a plurality of preset modulation modes; and the determining module is used for obtaining a twiddle factor and a mother constellation according to the target self-adaptive mode and obtaining a Sparse Code Multiple Access (SCMA) codebook of each user according to the number of the resource blocks, the mapping matrix, the twiddle factor and the mother constellation.
To achieve the above object, a third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, where the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the adaptive modulation SCMA codebook design method described above.
To achieve the above object, a fourth aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, where the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the adaptive modulation SCMA codebook design method described above.
According to the design method, device, medium and equipment of the self-adaptive modulation SCMA codebook, channel information is obtained, a target self-adaptive mode is selected from a plurality of preset self-adaptive modes according to the channel information, and a twiddle factor and a mother constellation map are obtained according to the target self-adaptive mode, so that the sparse coding multiple access SCMA codebook of each user is obtained. The preset self-adaptive mode is obtained according to the number of the users and a plurality of preset modulation modes, the method can realize that the self-adaptive mode is selected according to the state of the channel so as to adjust the modulation mode used by the users, thereby improving the spectrum efficiency, and after the modulation mode is selected, the rotation matrix and the mother constellation diagram are obtained according to the target self-adaptive mode, thereby obtaining the codebook, further reducing the error rate and improving the communication performance.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
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FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a method for adaptive modulation SCMA codebook design in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of an adaptive modulation SCMA codebook design method according to an example of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating adaptive modulation according to an example of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of another exemplary adaptive modulation SCMA codebook design method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow diagram of a method for adaptive modulation SCMA codebook design in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of an apparatus for designing an adaptive modulation SCMA codebook according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
An adaptive modulation SCMA codebook design method, apparatus, and medium, device of an embodiment of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings, where like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described with reference to the drawings are illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a method for adaptive modulation SCMA codebook design in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
For an SCMA system, assume the number of resource blocks is K and the number of users is J, that is, the K resource blocks support J users, J>K belonging to non-orthogonal multiple access, and the heavy-load factor is lambda ═ J/K, lambda>1, where each user occupies N resource blocks (N)<K)，
The number of users carried by each resource block is
Let K be 4, J be 6, and c be the four resource blocks 1 、c 2 、c 3 、c 4 The six users are respectively v 1 、v 2 、v 3 、v 4 、v 5 、v 6 Then each resource block is shared by 3 users, and each user is connected to N-2 resource blocks, as shown in fig. 2. Obviously, compared with the Orthogonal Multiple Access modes such as TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access), OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access) and the like, which have J less than or equal to K, the method has higher spectrum efficiency. When modulating a bit stream input by a user, the bit stream input by a user j is assumed to be b j And the modulation order of the modulation mode used by the user is M j I.e. per log 2 M j If each bit is a symbol, the bit stream is modulated to generate an N-dimensional complex codeword z j ＝(x’ 1 ，…，x’ N ) T The mapping from bits to N-dimensional codewords is denoted as: z is a radical of j ＝g(b j )。
Further, a mapping matrix V corresponding to the user j is obtained j Mapping the N-dimensional complex codeword to K-dimensional complex codeword x by mapping matrix j ＝(x 1 ，x 2 ，…，x K ) T . Assuming that K is 4 and J is 6, the mapping matrices of the 6 users are:
since the mapping matrix contains N non-zero elements, the K-dimensional complex codeword contains N non-zero elements. Wherein diag
When user j is connected to resource block k, f j (k) 1. Suppose user j has his particular codebook C j ＝V j Δ j A, the code word in the codebook is x j Wherein, C j Comprising M j A sign, Δ j The matrix is a rotation matrix of N × N, a is a mother constellation, and if the modulation methods are the same, the mother constellations are the same.
The adaptive modulation process can refer to the example shown in fig. 3, in the example shown in fig. 3, after the original data that the user needs to transmit is encoded, the modulator performs corresponding modulation operation according to the result given by the adaptive algorithm, and then the antenna transmits the signal. The receiver needs a channel estimation module to estimate the current channel state information while performing normal demodulation and decoding work after passing through the channel, and transmits the result to the transmitter through a special feedback channel. The decision basis of the receiver self-adaptive algorithm is the channel state information transmitted by the feedback channel. Radio transmission measurements with fixed antennas show that the channel gain varies very slowly over time, and therefore it can be assumed that the channel estimation result of the receiver is the current channel state. If considering the channel state change and the delay of the feedback channel in the transmission process, the receiving end needs to add a channel presetting module to predict the channel state in the next transmission.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for designing an adaptive modulation SCMA codebook includes:
and S11, acquiring channel information, and selecting a target adaptive mode from a plurality of preset adaptive modes according to the channel information, wherein the preset adaptive mode is obtained according to the number of users and a plurality of preset modulation modes.
The channel information indicates a state of a channel, and after the current state of the channel is obtained, a modulation scheme used by a user needs to be adjusted according to the current state of the channel. A plurality of adaptation modes may be preset, each adaptation mode corresponding to a state of a channel, and the preset adaptation mode indicating a modulation scheme to be used. Therefore, after the channel information is acquired, the adaptive mode corresponding to the current channel state can be selected from the preset multiple adaptive modes according to the channel information and is used as the target adaptive mode.
After obtaining the target adaptive mode, the user may adjust the modulation mode used by the user according to the target adaptive mode.
And S12, obtaining the twiddle factor and the mother constellation according to the target self-adaptive mode.
For the rotation matrix, it is necessary to use a rotation matrix that can make the generator matrix satisfy the Latin characteristic, i.e. it is necessary that each row and each column of the generator matrix do not have the same non-zero element. As an example, assuming that J is equal to 6, the above rotation matrix and generator matrix may be as follows:
wherein G is a generation matrix, theta is a twiddle factor,
it can be seen that the twiddle factor is the most critical influencing factor for both the generation matrix and the rotation matrix, and when designing the twiddle factor, the constellation diagram used by the user needs to be hashed and distributed on the two-dimensional plane as uniformly as possible.
However, since the embodiments of the present invention have a plurality of adaptive modes, the modulation schemes used by the users may be different in different adaptive modes, and different modulation schemes have different modulation orders and different mother constellations. On the premise that the modulation modes used by the users are different, directly using the constellation rotation factor applicable to the traditional SCMA system may cause that the constellation used by the users cannot be uniformly distributed, so that the bit error rate is improved. Therefore, the twiddle factors corresponding to different adaptive modes are obtained in advance, and after the target adaptive mode is obtained, the twiddle factor corresponding to the target adaptive mode can be obtained, for example, the twiddle factor can be obtained by searching a preset relation table according to the target adaptive mode.
Moreover, since the adaptive mode corresponds to the modulation mode used by each user, after the target adaptive mode is determined, the modulation mode used by each user can be obtained according to the target adaptive mode, and the mother constellation diagram can be obtained according to the modulation mode.
S13, acquiring the number of resource blocks and the mapping matrix of each user, and acquiring the sparse code multiple access SCMA codebook of each user according to the number of resource blocks, the mapping matrix, the twiddle factor and the mother constellation.
Specifically, since the finally used codebook is equal to the mapping matrix twiddle factor mother constellation, and different mapping matrices may exist for different users, in order to obtain the sparse code multiple access SCMA codebook for each user, the mapping matrix for each user needs to be obtained. Furthermore, since the number of dimensions of a codeword in the sparse code multiple access SCMA codebook is determined by the number of resource blocks, it is necessary to acquire the number of resource blocks in order to obtain the codebook.
Therefore, the self-adaptive mode can be selected according to the state of the channel to adjust the modulation mode used by the user, and after the modulation mode is selected, the rotation matrix and the mother constellation are obtained according to the target self-adaptive mode, and then the codebook is obtained, so that the communication performance is improved.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of preset valuesThe modulation modes comprise a QPSK modulation mode and a 16QAM modulation mode, the QPSK modulation order is 4, the 16QAM modulation order is 16, the number of users is 6, the number of preset adaptive modes is 7, and the preset adaptive modes are recorded as adaptive modes p, p is 0,1,2,3,4,5 and 6; wherein, the adaptive mode 0 indicates that 6 users all adopt a QPSK modulation mode; the self-adaptive mode 1 indicates that 5 users adopt a QPSK modulation mode, and 1 user adopts a 16QAM modulation mode; the self-adaptive mode 2 indicates that 4 users adopt a QPSK modulation mode, and 2 users adopt a 16QAM modulation mode; the self-adaptive mode 3 indicates that 3 users adopt a QPSK modulation mode, and 3 users adopt a 16QAM modulation mode; the self-adaptive mode 4 indicates that 2 users adopt a QPSK modulation mode, and 4 users adopt a 16QAM modulation mode; the self-adaptive mode 5 indicates that 1 user adopts a QPSK modulation mode, and 5 users adopt a 16QAM modulation mode; adaptive mode 6 indicates that 6 users adopt a 16QAM modulation scheme. At this time, as shown in fig. 4, in the SCMA system, after the K-dimensional complex codeword is obtained by modulation, the codewords of all users are superimposed to generate a multi-user combined codeword s, a receiving end receives a signal y after passing through a channel, and each user decodes through MPA (Marine Predators Algorithm) to obtain a bit stream
That is, after acquiring the channel information, the target adaptive mode is selected from the multiple adaptive modes according to the channel information, such as the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio, and the user adjusts the modulation mode according to the target adaptive mode. For example, if the target adaptive mode is determined to be 1 according to the current instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio, the user may select the modulation scheme used by the user from QPSK and 16QAM according to the current instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio, but the selection is limited by the number of users using the QPSK modulation scheme being 5 and the number of users using the 16QAM modulation scheme being 1, for example, if one user has selected 16QAM, the remaining users can only use QPSK.
In one embodiment of the present invention, when the target adaptive mode indicates that all users use the same modulation scheme, the twiddle factor may use a constellation twiddle factor suitable for the conventional SCMA system, and when the target adaptive mode indicates that the modulation schemes used by the users are different, the twiddle factor needs to be optimized. For example, the adaptive model p, p is 0,1,2,3,4,5,6, when p is 0, 6, the twiddle factor uses the constellation twiddle factor suitable for the conventional SCMA system, and when p is 1,2,3,4,5, the twiddle factor needs to be optimized.
In an embodiment of the invention, the channel information includes an instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio, and the selecting the target adaptive mode from the plurality of preset adaptive modes according to the channel information may include determining a signal-to-noise ratio interval in which the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio is located, and further selecting the target adaptive mode from the plurality of preset adaptive modes according to the signal-to-noise ratio interval.
Specifically, the criteria to be followed when adjusting the modulation order are: when the error rate is lower, a larger modulation order is selected, and when the error rate is higher, the modulation order is properly reduced. Since the bit error rate needs to be maintained at a certain level, and in order to maximize the spectral efficiency, the snr interval needs to be divided into several ranges, and the modulation order to be adopted in each snr range is determined. As an example, for a general constellation of M-QAM signals, in a fading channel, the bit error rate satisfies the following inequality:
wherein, the BER is the bit error rate,
is the average signal-to-noise ratio.
Since it can be assumed that the channel estimation result is the current channel state, the bit error rate can satisfy the following inequality:
where γ is the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio.
Since the error rate should be maintained below a given level under normal conditions, the modulation order M can be obtained according to the above equation for a fixed error rate j The values of (A) are as follows:
because of the spectrum efficiency SE ═ R/B ═ log 2 M j Where R denotes a transmission rate and B denotes a bandwidth, the maximization of the spectral efficiency can be achieved by maximizing the following equation:
due to the passing of
The obtained modulation order is not necessarily an integer, but in practical application, the value of the modulation order is allowed to be a power of 2, so that the signal-to-noise ratio range needs to be divided into several ranges, and the modulation order to be adopted in each signal-to-noise ratio range needs to be determined.
It is assumed that the modulation order to be used in the SCMA system has n different values: 2. 2. the following 2 、…、2 n If so, the snr range needs to be divided into n +1 intervals, the first snr interval does not transmit data, and the modulation order adopted by the ith interval is 2 i-1 . The corresponding relation between the signal-to-noise ratio interval and the self-adaptive mode can be established, so that after the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio is obtained, the signal-to-noise ratio interval where the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio is located is determined, and the corresponding self-adaptive mode is obtained. As an example, assuming that there are 7 adaptive modes, denoted as adaptive mode p, where p is 0,1,2,3,4,5,6, when the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio γ satisfies γ p <γ<γ p+1 Then, an adaptive mode p is selected, where γ 7 ＝+∞。
Moreover, the average bit error rate BER is obtained in each adaptive mode p (gamma) is required to be equal to or less than the maximum bit error rate BER th And the spectrum efficiency of the adaptive modulation SCMA system is as follows:
wherein Γ is the average signal-to-noise ratio, k p The number of bits transmitted by a unit symbol on a unit resource block corresponding to the adaptive mode p is shown, and p (gamma) is a probability density function of an instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio.
Thus, in order to maximize the spectral efficiency of the system, an appropriate signal-to-noise ratio boundary value γ can be selected by the following condition p ：
BER p (γ p )≤BER th ，
p＝0,1，…，6。
Moreover, since maximizing the spectrum efficiency means making k on the premise of guaranteeing the communication quality p As large as possible, while as the signal-to-noise ratio increases it is desirable to use k as early as possible p The larger adaptive mode, and therefore the inequality constraint should take equal sign in order to maximize spectral efficiency under the above conditions.
In a specific example of the present invention, the snr boundary value may be determined by a simulation method, so as to avoid a difficulty of obtaining a closed-form solution of the snr boundary value due to a complex average bit error rate. In one specific example, the simulated snr boundary values under AWGN (Additive white Gaussian noise) channel and rayleigh channel can be shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
| Adaptive pattern p | Gamma range (AWGN channel) | Gamma range (Rayleigh channel) |
| 0 | γ<23.6 | γ<27.7 |
| 1 | 23.6≤γ<24 | 27.7≤γ<28 |
| 2 | 24≤γ<24.5 | 28≤γ<28.3 |
| 3 | 24.5≤γ<26 | 28.3≤γ<29.3 |
| 4 | 26≤γ<26.7 | 29.3≤γ<30 |
| 5 | 26.7≤γ<28.4 | 30≤γ<31.7 |
| 6 | γ≥28.4 | γ≥31.7 |
Therefore, the signal-to-noise ratio boundary value can be determined, the signal-to-noise ratio interval is further determined according to the signal-to-noise ratio boundary value, and after the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio is obtained, the target self-adaptive mode can be determined according to the signal-to-noise ratio interval where the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio is located.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in order to generate the preset relationship table, the minimum euclidean distance maximization of the joint codebook may be used as an optimization target of the twiddle factor, and further, for each preset adaptive mode, the corresponding twiddle factor is obtained according to the optimization target, the number of resource blocks, the mapping matrix, the preset adaptive mode and the corresponding mother constellation thereof.
The joint codebook includes possible joint codewords, for example, if there are J users, the modulation order of the modulation scheme used by each user is M j Then the joint codeword is common
In one embodiment, the joint codewords constitute a joint codebook.
Suppose that the sender sends a joint codeword s (a) Then the receiving end translates the combined codeword into the combined codeword s after the combined codeword is transmitted through the channel (b) The probability of (c) is:
wherein, H ═ diag (H), H ═ H 1 ，…，h k ) T Is a channel vector, N 0 For noise power, Q () is a Q function, which is the right tail function of a standard normal distribution.
Then under a fading channel, the joint codeword s is transmitted (a) Then, the decoding error rate is:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
h k for the k sub-carrier, d 2 Is the minimum euclidean distance. In a specific example of an AWGN channel of the present invention, the above calculation can be simplified as:
to minimize the decoding error rate, it is desirable to maximize d 2 。
If it is assumed that the sequence number sent by user j in a combined codeword with sequence number a is m j Is denoted as c (a, j), the minimum euclidean distance d 2 Can be further expressed as:
wherein, theta p Is a twiddle factor, V j Is the mapping matrix of the jth user, Δ j Is equal to V j Corresponding rotation matrix, A (c(a ,j)) The c (a, j) th constellation point, A, in the mother constellation used by user j (c(b,j)) The c (b, j) th constellation point in the mother constellation used by user j.
Further, at the above-mentioned minimum Euclidean distance d 2 The maximization principle optimizes the rotation factor, that is, when the rotation factor is optimized, the optimization target is expressed by the following formula:
0≤θ p ≤π,
p＝1,...,J-1.
however, since the joint codeword is common
To calculate this
The minimum Euclidean distance between two seed codes needs to be carried out
Complex number addition and modulo calculation, J equals 6, modulation order M of 6 users under the adaptive mode of p equals 5 j Respectively 5 16QAM and 1 QPSK, the number being 8796090925056; even if p is 4, the amount of calculation is not acceptable. In order to solve the problem, referring to fig. 5, obtaining the corresponding twiddle factor according to the optimization objective, the number of resource blocks, the mapping matrix, the adaptive mode and the corresponding mother constellation thereof includes:
and S51, acquiring an initial rotation factor.
Specifically, the initial twiddle factor is randomly generated in the search range.
And S52, obtaining a joint code word list according to the current rotation factor and the mother constellation diagram in each iteration.
As an example, a parameter may be set
In the first iteration, obtaining an initial rotation factor, and initializing parameters by using the initial rotation factor
Generating a code table according to the initial twiddle factor and the mother constellation diagram, and generating a joint code word list according to the code table, so that the twiddle factor can be updated according to the joint code word list, and parameters can be further updated according to the updated twiddle factor
And (6) updating. At subsequent iterations, according to the parameters
Obtaining the current twiddle factor, obtaining the combined code word list according to the current twiddle factor and the mother constellation diagramThe rotation factor can be updated according to the joint code word list, and then the parameter is updated according to the updated rotation factor
And (6) updating.
And S53, calculating the fitness according to the combined code word list, and obtaining the combined code word pair corresponding to the minimum Euclidean distance according to the fitness.
Specifically, GeneticA (publication) may be run first x ) The genetic A () is a first genetic algorithm, which stops when the algebra reaches the upper limit or satisfies the lag algebra, and the optimal individuals in the population of the last generation are decoded as the near optimal solution d 2 The above-mentioned requirement for the lag algebra is not significantly improved by calculating the fitness function for a plurality of generations. Wherein the publication is x For the population set in the genetic algorithm, fitness can be calculated by:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for fitness, K is the number of resource blocks, s (a) (k)、s (b) (k) Is a pair of joint codewords.
When the fitness is calculated, the fitness is obtained
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
i.e. the current joint codeword pair corresponding to the minimum euclidean distance.
Through the first genetic algorithm, the minimum Euclidean distance d can be obtained by positioning the current combined code word list 2 Two corresponding code words are used, and then the 2 code word serial numbers can be used
Direct calculation of d 2 As an index when the genetic algorithm searches for the twiddle factor.
And S54, updating the current twiddle factor according to the joint code word pair and carrying out the next iteration.
In particular, run
To be calculated
Add population and run GeneticB (population) x ) The genetic B () is the second genetic algorithm, the variable is the twiddle factor, and the above is obtained as needed
The largest rotation factor of the Euclidean distance between the two elements, but the genetic algorithm is used for solving the minimum value, so the fitness is
The negative value of the Euclidean distance between the two rotation factors, and then the current rotation factor is obtained according to the operation result.
Thus, the second genetic algorithm can be used to obtain
The largest rotation factor of the euclidean distance between them, so that the current rotation factor can be updated.
And S55, when the iteration times reach the preset times, taking the corresponding current twiddle factor as the twiddle factor corresponding to the self-adaptive mode.
The preset times range from 3 to 7, for example, 5 times.
In a specific example of the present invention, the maximum hysteresis algebra of the genetic algorithm is set to 50, that is, the adaptive value is stopped when none of the adaptive values is significantly improved after the successive 50 generations of the adaptive values are rejected, the population number is set to 40, the initial population is randomly generated, and the preset number of times is 5. The specific algorithm may be as follows:
therefore, a preset relation table of the adaptive mode and the twiddle factor can be obtained. In a specific example of the present invention, the preset relationship table may be as shown in one result example of table 2 below for the above-mentioned p ═ 1,2,3,4, 5.
TABLE 2
| p | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| θ p | 0.7232 | 0.735 | 0.68 | 0.7032 | 0.6812 |
In summary, according to the method for designing the adaptive modulation SCMA codebook of the embodiment of the present invention, the sparse coding multiple access SCMA codebook of each user is obtained by obtaining the channel information, selecting the target adaptive mode from the multiple preset adaptive modes according to the channel information, and further obtaining the twiddle factor and the mother constellation according to the target adaptive mode. The method can realize that the self-adaptive mode is selected according to the state of the channel to adjust the modulation mode used by the user so as to improve the spectrum efficiency, and after the modulation mode is selected, the rotation matrix and the mother constellation are obtained according to the target self-adaptive mode so as to obtain the codebook, thereby reducing the error rate and improving the communication performance. Moreover, the invention also provides a method for dividing the signal-to-noise ratio interval according to the spectrum efficiency theory and determining the target self-adaptive mode according to the signal-to-noise ratio interval, thereby further improving the transmission efficiency of the system and realizing the maximization of the throughput of the system; and determining an optimization target of the rotation factor by maximizing the minimum Euclidean distance of the joint codebook and performing joint iteration on the calculation of the minimum Euclidean distance and the rotation factor by adopting a genetic algorithm, thereby further improving the performance. By the method, the error rate can be further reduced.
Fig. 6 is a block diagram of an apparatus for adaptively modulating an SCMA codebook according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 6, adaptive modulation SCMA codebook design apparatus 100 includes: the device comprises an acquisition module 101, a selection module 102 and a determination module 103.
Specifically, the obtaining module 101 is configured to obtain channel information, and obtain the number of resource blocks and a mapping matrix of each user; a selecting module 102, configured to select a target adaptive mode from multiple preset adaptive modes according to channel information, where the preset adaptive mode is obtained according to the number of users and multiple preset modulation modes; and the determining module 103 is configured to obtain the twiddle factor and the mother constellation according to the target adaptive mode, and obtain a sparse coding multiple access SCMA codebook of each user according to the number of resource blocks, the mapping matrix, the twiddle factor and the mother constellation.
In addition, for other specific embodiments of the apparatus for designing an adaptive modulation SCMA codebook according to the embodiment of the present invention, reference may be made to the above method for designing an adaptive modulation SCMA codebook.
The device for designing the self-adaptive modulation SCMA codebook obtains the sparse coding multiple access SCMA codebook of each user by obtaining the channel information, selecting the target self-adaptive mode from a plurality of preset self-adaptive modes according to the channel information and further obtaining the twiddle factor and the mother constellation map according to the target self-adaptive mode. The preset self-adaptive mode is obtained according to the number of the users and a plurality of preset modulation modes, so that the method can select the self-adaptive mode according to the state of the channel to adjust the modulation mode used by the users, and after the modulation mode is selected, the rotation matrix and the mother constellation map are obtained according to the target self-adaptive mode to further obtain the codebook, thereby improving the communication performance. In addition, the invention also provides a method for dividing the signal-to-noise ratio interval according to the spectrum efficiency theory and determining the target self-adaptive mode according to the signal-to-noise ratio interval, thereby further improving the transmission efficiency of the system and realizing the maximization of the throughput of the system; and determining an optimization target of the rotation factor by maximizing the minimum Euclidean distance of the joint codebook, and performing joint iteration on the calculation of the minimum Euclidean distance and the rotation factor by adopting a genetic algorithm, thereby further improving the performance. By the method, the error rate can be further reduced.
Further, the present invention proposes a computer-readable storage medium.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a computer program is stored on a computer readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, implements the adaptive modulation SCMA codebook design method described above.
In the computer-readable storage medium, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the sparse code multiple access SCMA codebook of each user is obtained by obtaining the channel information, selecting the target adaptive mode from the preset adaptive modes according to the channel information, and further obtaining the twiddle factor and the mother constellation according to the target adaptive mode. The preset self-adaptive mode is obtained according to the number of the users and a plurality of preset modulation modes, so that the method can select the self-adaptive mode according to the state of the channel to adjust the modulation mode used by the users, and after the modulation mode is selected, the rotation matrix and the mother constellation are obtained according to the target self-adaptive mode to further obtain the codebook, thereby improving the communication performance. Moreover, the invention also provides a method for dividing the signal-to-noise ratio interval according to the spectrum efficiency theory and determining the target self-adaptive mode according to the signal-to-noise ratio interval, thereby further improving the transmission efficiency of the system and realizing the maximization of the throughput of the system; and determining an optimization target of the rotation factor by maximizing the minimum Euclidean distance of the joint codebook and performing joint iteration on the calculation of the minimum Euclidean distance and the rotation factor by adopting a genetic algorithm, thereby further improving the performance. By the method, the error rate can be further reduced.
Further, the invention provides an electronic device.
In an embodiment of the present invention, an electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the method for designing an adaptive modulation SCMA codebook as described above is implemented.
According to the electronic equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention, by implementing the method for designing the self-adaptive modulation SCMA codebook, the sparse coding multiple access SCMA codebook of each user can be obtained by acquiring the channel information, selecting the target self-adaptive mode from a plurality of preset self-adaptive modes according to the channel information and further obtaining the twiddle factor and the mother constellation diagram according to the target self-adaptive mode. The preset self-adaptive mode is obtained according to the number of the users and a plurality of preset modulation modes, so that the method can select the self-adaptive mode according to the state of the channel to adjust the modulation mode used by the users, and after the modulation mode is selected, the rotation matrix and the mother constellation are obtained according to the target self-adaptive mode to further obtain the codebook, thereby improving the communication performance. Moreover, the invention also provides a method for dividing the signal-to-noise ratio interval according to the spectrum efficiency theory and determining the target self-adaptive mode according to the signal-to-noise ratio interval, thereby further improving the transmission efficiency of the system and realizing the maximization of the throughput of the system; and determining an optimization target of the rotation factor by maximizing the minimum Euclidean distance of the joint codebook and performing joint iteration on the calculation of the minimum Euclidean distance and the rotation factor by adopting a genetic algorithm, thereby further improving the performance. By the method, the error rate can be further reduced.
It should be noted that the logic and/or steps illustrated in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein may be considered as a sequential list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and may be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For the purposes of this description, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection (electronic device) having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic device), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Additionally, the computer-readable medium could even be paper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed, as the program can be electronically captured, via for instance optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.
It should be understood that portions of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or combination of the following techniques, which are known in the art, may be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application specific integrated circuit having an appropriate combinational logic gate circuit, a Programmable Gate Array (PGA), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
In the description herein, the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like refer to orientations and positional relationships based on the orientation shown in the drawings, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the description of the present specification, unless otherwise specified, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be interconnected within two elements or in a relationship where two elements interact with each other unless otherwise specifically limited. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A method for designing an adaptive modulation SCMA codebook, the method comprising:
acquiring channel information, and selecting a target self-adaptive mode from a plurality of preset self-adaptive modes according to the channel information, wherein the preset self-adaptive modes are obtained according to the number of users and a plurality of preset modulation modes;
obtaining a twiddle factor and a mother constellation diagram according to the target self-adaptive mode;
and acquiring the number of resource blocks and a mapping matrix of each user, and acquiring a Sparse Code Multiple Access (SCMA) codebook of each user according to the number of the resource blocks, the mapping matrix, the twiddle factor and the mother constellation.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the channel information comprises an instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio, and wherein selecting the target adaptation mode from a plurality of predefined adaptation modes based on the channel information comprises:
determining a signal-to-noise ratio interval in which the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio is located;
and selecting the target self-adaptive mode from a plurality of preset self-adaptive modes according to the signal-to-noise ratio interval.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the plurality of predefined modulation schemes include QPSK modulation scheme and 16QAM modulation scheme, the number of users is 6, the number of predefined adaptive modes is 7, and is recorded as adaptive mode p, p is 0,1,2,3,4,5, 6; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the adaptive mode 0 indicates that 6 users all adopt the QPSK modulation mode;
the self-adaptive mode 1 indicates that 5 users adopt the QPSK modulation mode, and 1 user adopts the 16QAM modulation mode;
the self-adaptive mode 2 indicates that 4 users adopt the QPSK modulation mode, and 2 users adopt the 16QAM modulation mode;
the self-adaptive mode 3 indicates that 3 users adopt the QPSK modulation mode, and 3 users adopt the 16QAM modulation mode;
the self-adaptive mode 4 indicates that 2 users adopt the QPSK modulation mode, and 4 users adopt the 16QAM modulation mode;
the adaptive mode 5 indicates that 1 user adopts the QPSK modulation mode, and 5 users adopt the 16QAM modulation mode;
adaptive mode 6 indicates that 6 users adopt the 16QAM modulation scheme.
4. The adaptive modulation SCMA codebook design method of claim 3, wherein the deriving the twiddle factor and the mother constellation according to the target adaptation mode comprises:
searching a preset relation table according to the target self-adaptive mode to obtain the twiddle factor;
and obtaining the modulation mode of each user according to the target self-adaptive mode, and obtaining a mother constellation diagram according to the modulation mode.
5. The adaptive modulation SCMA codebook design method of claim 4, wherein the generating method of the pre-defined relationship table comprises:
maximizing the minimum Euclidean distance of the joint codebook is used as an optimization target of a rotation factor;
and aiming at each preset self-adaptive mode, obtaining a corresponding twiddle factor according to the optimization target, the number of the resource blocks, the mapping matrix, the preset self-adaptive mode and a corresponding mother constellation diagram.
6. The adaptive modulation SCMA codebook design method of claim 5, wherein the optimization objective is represented by the following equation:
0≤θ p ≤π,
p＝1,...,J-1.
wherein, theta p For the twiddle factor, J is the number of users, K is the number of resource blocks, V j Is the mapping matrix of the jth user, Δ j Is equal to V j Corresponding rotation matrix, A (c(a,j)) The c (a, j) th constellation point, A, in the mother constellation used by user j (c(b,j)) The c (b, j) th constellation point in the mother constellation used by user j.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein obtaining a corresponding twiddle factor according to the optimization objective, the number of resource blocks, the mapping matrix, the adaptive model, and its corresponding mother constellation comprises:
acquiring an initial twiddle factor;
in each iteration, obtaining a joint code word list according to the current twiddle factor and the mother constellation diagram;
calculating the fitness according to the combined code word list, and obtaining a combined code word pair corresponding to the minimum Euclidean distance according to the fitness;
updating the current twiddle factor according to the combined code word pair, and performing next iteration;
and when the iteration times reach the preset times, taking the corresponding current twiddle factor as the twiddle factor corresponding to the self-adaptive mode.
8. The adaptive modulation SCMA codebook design method of claim 5, wherein the preset number of times ranges from 3 to 7.
9. The adaptive modulation SCMA codebook design method of claim 5, wherein the fitness is calculated by:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for the fitness, K is the number of resource blocks, s (a) (k)、s (b) (k) Is a pair of joint codewords.
10. An apparatus for adaptive modulation SCMA codebook design, the apparatus comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring channel information and acquiring the number of resource blocks and a mapping matrix of each user;
the selection module is used for selecting a target self-adaptive mode from a plurality of preset self-adaptive modes according to the channel information, wherein the preset self-adaptive modes are obtained according to the number of users and a plurality of preset modulation modes;
and the determining module is used for obtaining a twiddle factor and a mother constellation according to the target self-adaptive mode and obtaining a Sparse Code Multiple Access (SCMA) codebook of each user according to the number of the resource blocks, the mapping matrix, the twiddle factor and the mother constellation.
11. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the adaptive modulation SCMA codebook design method according to any of claims 1-9.
12. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program, when executed by the processor, implementing the adaptive modulation SCMA codebook design method of any of claims 1-9.
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