CN115078830A - Method and system for measuring effective value of broadband communication signal - Google Patents
Method and system for measuring effective value of broadband communication signal Download PDFInfo
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- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for measuring an effective value of a broadband communication signal, belonging to the technical field of communication signal parameter measurement. The broadband communication signal is divided into two paths, and a first path of signal is subjected to oversampling modulation according to a first oversampling clock to obtain a first path of data flow; performing oversampling modulation on the second path of signals according to a second path of oversampling clock to obtain a second path of data stream; the frequency of the first oversampling clock and the frequency of the second oversampling clock are different. And performing digital filtering processing on the product of the first path of data flow and the second path of data flow to obtain an instantaneous product signal, and determining an effective value of the broadband communication signal according to the instantaneous product signal. The effective values of the high-frequency component and the low-frequency component of the measured signal are converted into direct-current components, randomness and high-frequency characteristics of quantization noise are still reserved, the quantization noise is further filtered through filtering extraction and truncation average, an effective value measuring result is obtained, and the bandwidth and accuracy of effective value measurement are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a system for measuring an effective value of a broadband communication signal, belonging to the technical field of communication signal parameter measurement.
Background
At present, the OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation technology has been widely applied to various communication fields, for example, the field of power utilization information acquisition adopts broadband power line carrier communication and wireless communication technologies based on OFDM. The broadband communication signal based on the OFDM has a wider frequency bandwidth, for example, high-speed carrier HPLC communication defined by national grid company enterprise standard has 4 selectable frequency bands, which are respectively: 1.953M to 11.96MHz, 2.441M to 5.615MHz, 0.781M to 2.930MHz, 1.758M to 2.930 MHz. In practical field applications, there is a need for fast evaluation of the energy, i.e. the effective value, of a broadband communication signal, for example, in wireless communication for analyzing channel occupancy, in communication maintenance for fast evaluation of signal size and channel attenuation. However, because the bandwidth occupied by the broadband signal is relatively large, the traditional measurement method must adopt 2 times of bandwidth, or after the complete signal is obtained by adopting the analog-to-digital conversion with the highest frequency, the signal energy can be further analyzed by a digital processor, so that the requirement on the performance of an analog-to-digital conversion device is high, the obtained sampling data quantity is large, and the corresponding calculated quantity is very large.
An oversampling modulation technique is widely adopted in the current analog-to-digital conversion of low-frequency signals, and fig. 1 shows the principle of 1-order oversampling analog-to-digital conversion given in "hardware implementation of sigma-delta analog-to-digital converter in smart meter" published in "modern measurement and laboratory management" of 2011 01. The analog input signal Ain is subtracted from the 1-bit DAC output and input to an integrator, which outputs the result to a comparator, also referred to as a 1-bit quantizer, with a 0 level and updates the output value of the comparator under clocking of the oversampling rate. The high and low levels of the comparator output control the 1-bit DAC to output 2 levels of + Vref and-Vref. The circuit realizes 1-bit oversampling modulation, thereby obtaining a 1-bit data stream, and finally obtaining a sampling data result of the analog input signal Ain through digital filtering and frequency-down decimation processing. The oversampling analog-to-digital converter is widely used for low-frequency signal measurement due to its low cost.
However, the oversampling modulation method described above uses filtering sampling, which limits the effective bandwidth of the analog-to-digital conversion of the method, and for a wideband signal with a large bandwidth, the high frequency component after oversampling analog-to-digital conversion with a low bandwidth is filtered out, so that the signal effective value obtained by square average re-evolution is further used, and since the signal effective value does not contain a high frequency component, the error is large, and the accuracy is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for measuring an effective value of a broadband communication signal, which are used for solving the problem that the effective measurement of the broadband communication signal cannot be realized due to the limited signal bandwidth in the conventional oversampling modulation mode.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for measuring an effective value of a broadband communication signal, comprising the following steps:
1) dividing a broadband communication signal into two paths, and performing oversampling modulation on a first path of signal according to a first oversampling clock to obtain a first path of data stream; performing oversampling modulation on the second path of signals according to a second path of oversampling clock to obtain a second path of data stream; the frequency of the first oversampling clock and the frequency of the second oversampling clock are different;
2) and performing digital filtering processing on the product of the first path of data flow and the second path of data flow to obtain an instantaneous product signal, and determining the effective value of the broadband communication signal according to the instantaneous product signal.
The data stream of the broadband communication signal after oversampling modulation comprises a large amount of high-frequency quantization noise signals and useful signals, wherein the high-frequency quantization noise signals are random signals with irregular changes and are in a high frequency band within an oversampling modulation frequency range, and the useful signals are signals with a certain rule and are in a frequency range lower than the oversampling modulation frequency. The product of the first path of data flow and the second path of data flow can directly convert the effective value of the signal to be measured into a direct current component, and the quantization random noise in a high frequency band is reserved, so that the effective value component to be measured can be conveniently extracted after the high frequency quantization noise signal is filtered out in the subsequent digital filtering processing, and the bandwidth and the accuracy of effective value measurement are improved. In addition, the oversampling clocks of the two oversampling modulations are set to different values, so that the quantization noise output by the two oversampling modulations is prevented from having correlation, and the noise part of the two oversampling modulation output data streams is ensured to have no rule after being multiplied and still be a random signal, so as to be filtered out through filtering and truncation average. According to the principle, the invention converts the effective values of the high-frequency component and the low-frequency component of the measured signal into direct-current components, still retains the randomness and the high-frequency characteristic of quantization noise, is convenient for further filtering the quantization noise through filtering extraction and truncation average, further obtains the effective value measurement result, and improves the bandwidth and the accuracy of effective value measurement.
Further, in the method for measuring the effective value of the broadband communication signal, the second path of signal needs to be subjected to proportional adjustment before being subjected to oversampling modulation according to the second oversampling clock, and an adjustment coefficient K of the proportional adjustment is smaller than 1 and not smaller than 0.5; the instantaneous product signal is multiplied by the reciprocal of the adjustment factor K and the effective value of the wideband communication signal is determined.
The second path of signal is subjected to proportion adjustment so as to further increase the difference between the product result of the high-frequency quantization noise signal and the product result of the useful signal to be measured, so that the subsequent digital filtering processing is facilitated, the high-frequency quantization noise signal is filtered, and simultaneously, more useful signals to be measured are reserved, thereby reducing the loss of the useful signal to be measured in the broadband communication signal and improving the accuracy of effective value measurement.
Further, in the method for measuring an effective value of a broadband communication signal, a ratio of a frequency of the first channel of oversampling clock to a frequency of the second channel of oversampling clock is P, where P is an integer greater than 1.
Further, in the method for measuring the effective value of the broadband communication signal, the digital filtering process in step 2) includes an integrating comb filtering process, a filtering extraction process and a finite impulse response gain compensation filtering process.
Since the amount of signal transmission of the broadband communication signal is large, the processing speed requirement for the filtering processing is high. The structure of the integral comb filtering is simple, and the processing is efficient, so the integral comb filtering is selected to process the product result of the two data streams.
Further, in the above method for measuring effective value of wideband communication signal, the transfer function of the integrating comb filter is:
wherein, G is an index of the integral comb filtering, D is a delay primer, and M is a ratio of the sampling frequency of the first path of oversampling modulation to the sampling frequency of the filtering extraction.
Further, in the method for measuring an effective value of a wideband communication signal, the transfer function of the fir gain compensation filter is:
wherein x (N) is an input data sequence, y (N) is an output data sequence, N cmp Is the order of the fir gain compensation filtering.
Further, in the method for measuring the effective value of the broadband communication signal, in step 1), a second-order oversampling modulator is adopted for oversampling modulation of the first path of signal and the second path of signal, and the second-order oversampling modulator is a second-order sigma-delta oversampling modulator.
Further, in the method for measuring the effective value of the broadband communication signal, the method further includes performing analog low-pass filtering on the broadband signal before the broadband signal is divided into two paths, where the analog low-pass filtering uses a second-order butterworth low-pass filter.
The second-order Butterworth low-pass filter is a common filter form and has the characteristics of simple structure, convenience in calculation and the like.
Further, in the method for measuring the effective value of the broadband communication signal, the effective value of the broadband communication signal is obtained by averaging and then extracting the instantaneous product signal.
The invention also provides a system for measuring the effective value of the broadband communication signal, which comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the processor adopts the method for measuring the effective value of the broadband communication signal.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a conventional 1-step oversampling analog-to-digital conversion;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principles of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a 2 nd order oversampling modulator employed in an embodiment of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows an exemplary simulated input broadband communication signal S IN The amplitude-frequency characteristic curve of (1);
FIG. 5 shows the effective value R of 100 measurements output by the embodiment of the method of the present invention m A statistical histogram of errors;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
As shown in fig. 2, the method for measuring the effective value of the wideband communication signal according to the present invention performs filtering preprocessing on the wideband communication signal, performs two-way oversampling modulation on the preprocessed wideband communication signal, performs digital filtering extraction on the product of two 1-bit signals obtained by oversampling modulation, and finally obtains the effective value measurement data of the wideband communication signal through truncation averaging and evolution calculation. In addition, in order to increase the difference of the two over-sampling modulation results, the clock frequencies of the two over-sampling modulation ways are inconsistent by setting a frequency reduction coefficient, and the proportionality coefficient of one way is adjusted.
The method comprises the following steps:
1) and acquiring a broadband communication signal to be measured, and preprocessing the signal.
Since a large amount of high-frequency noise signals exist in the wideband communication signal to be measured, the wideband communication signal needs to be low-pass filtered. Suppose the wideband communication signal to be measured is s IN A 1 is to IN And carrying out analog low-pass filtering processing to obtain an analog filtering signal. The analog low-pass filtering in the embodiment adopts an analog second-order butterworth filter with the turning frequency of 1MHz, the gain of the filter is close to 1 below 500kHz, and the phase shift of the filter is close to 0. In another embodiment, the low-pass filtering process of the present invention may be performed by using another low-pass filter, for example, a butterworth filter and a cheffian filter of another orderAnd a filter.
2) And dividing the preprocessed signals into two paths, and respectively performing oversampling modulation to obtain two paths of data streams.
Dividing the obtained analog filtering signal into two paths, wherein the first path is s' IN The second signal is s' IN For the first signal s' IN Performing oversampling modulation according to a first oversampling clock to obtain a first path of 1-bit data stream s 1bit Sampling frequency of the first oversampling modulation process and oversampling clock frequency f ov The same; for analogue regulating signals s' IN Performing a second over-sampling modulation process to obtain a second path of 1-bit data stream s 2bit The sampling frequency of the second oversampling modulation process is a result of the oversampling clock frequency being subjected to the P-fold frequency reduction process, i.e., f ov and/P. Oversampling clock frequency f in the present embodiment ov When the down-conversion coefficient P is 2 at 10.24MHz, the sampling frequency f of the second over-sampling modulation process is set to be 10.24MHz ov and/P is 5.12 MHz. In addition, the second path of signal s' IN Multiplying by an adjustment factor K, the adjusted signal s " IN Performing a second over-sampling modulation process to obtain a second path of 1-bit data stream s 2bit Wherein the value of K is not less than 0.5 and less than 1, and K is 0.5 in this embodiment.
The first oversampling modulation and the second oversampling modulation are processed by using a second-order sigma-delta oversampling modulator as shown in fig. 3, and the two oversampling modulation processes are different only in that the clock frequencies of the digital quantizers are different. Taking the difference between the input analog signal and the output result of the quantizer, and inputting the difference signal into a first integrator; and taking the difference between the output result of the first integrator and the output result of the quantizer, and inputting the difference signal into the second integrator again. Wherein the first integrator has a transfer function of
The transfer function of the second integrator is
The output of the second integrator is input to a quantizer, which is at a different sampling frequencyUnder the rate control, when the input w is more than or equal to 0, the output y is 1; when inputting w<When 0 is output, y (n) is the oversampling modulation result, if y is-1.
If the same oversampling clock signal and the same input amplitude are adopted in the first oversampling modulation process and the second oversampling modulation process, the correlation of the 1-bit data streams output by the two paths of oversampling modulation processes is strong, that is, the quantization noise signals and the useful signals in the two paths of analog signals are difficult to be distinguished by the subsequent digital filter, so that the subsequent digital filtering process can filter part of the useful signals while filtering the high-frequency quantization noise signals; or when the useful signal is kept, part of high-frequency quantization noise signals are also kept, so that errors in the effective value calculation process are caused, and the accuracy of effective value calculation is influenced. Therefore, the invention introduces the adjusting coefficient K and the frequency-reducing coefficient P to enlarge the difference between the quantization noise signal and the useful signal to be measured, so as to facilitate the filter processing.
3) And calculating the product of the two data streams, performing digital filtering extraction processing on the product to obtain an instantaneous product signal, and determining an effective value according to the instantaneous product signal.
A first path of 1 bit data stream s 1bit And a second 1-bit data stream s 2bit As a product 1 bit data stream q 1bit (ii) a The product 1 is then converted into a data stream q 1bit After digital filtering and extraction processing, instantaneous product signal q can be obtained s . The digital filtering decimation used includes 3 steps, which are respectively integrator comb filtering, decimation by multiple of samples and finite impulse response gain compensation filtering. The transfer function form of the integrating comb filter is:
wherein G is an index of the integrating comb filtering, D is a delay primer, and M is a sampling multiple; in this embodiment, G is 3, D is 1, and M is 2048.
The sampling multiple extraction process is performed by using a sampling clock f ov Is 2048 times lower frequency of M to obtain,the sampling frequency is thus f s ＝f ov and/M is 5 kHz. And (3) extracting an output result, and inputting a finite impulse response gain compensation filter according to a sampling frequency, wherein the filter is in the form of:
wherein x (N) is an input data sequence, y (N) is an output data sequence, N cmp Is the order of the finite impulse response gain compensation filtering, N cmp Taking 9, h cmp (k) K is a filter coefficient h from 0 to 8 cmp (k) Sequentially comprises the following steps: 0.001299248657, -0.01282067554,0.07066814073, -0.3129967511,1.507702125, -0.3129967511,0.07066814073, -0.01282067554,0.001299248657.
Finally, in order to realize the measurement of the effective signal, the invention obtains the instantaneous product signal q s Taking every N sampling points to carry out truncation averaging, multiplying the result of truncation averaging by the reciprocal 1/K of a proportionality coefficient, namely multiplying by 2 to obtain an average product signal q m Averaging the product signal q m Obtaining the measured effective value R through evolution calculation m In this embodiment, the number N of sampling points is 2000.
In order to further verify the effect of the invention, a simulation test environment is established based on MATLAB, the invention is subjected to simulation test, and the input broadband communication signal S is simulated IN The amplitude-frequency characteristic curve of the signal is shown in fig. 4, the signal consists of 31 frequency point components of 1kHz and 31 frequency point components of 304096Hz to 426976Hz per 4096Hz, the amplitude of each frequency point is 0.1, and the phase positions are sequentially as follows: -171.1 °,135.5 °,110.1 °, -174.2 °, -11.6 °, -172.4 °,125.8 °, -72 °, -29.6 °,109.1 °,177.5 °,36.6 °, -171.7 °,8.1 °, -60.7 °,99.3 °,147.7 °,50.3 °,17.8 °, -57.3 °, -37.1 °, -29.5 °, -8.2 °, -41.7 °, -146.5 °, -121.1 °,77.1 °, -131.6 °,176.6 °, -55.3 °,40 °,129.6 °. Emulating an incoming broadband communication signal S IN OFDM modulated signals may be analog in the 300k to 427kHz band. According to the above parameters, S IN The theoretical effective value of (a) is 0.4. The signal is output by the calculation mode of the invention for 100 timesEffective value of quantity R m The mean value of (a) is 0.398437, the error is-0.391%, and a statistical histogram of the errors for 100 measurements is shown in fig. 5. According to the simulation result, the error of the effective value measured value of the broadband communication signal obtained by the embodiment of the invention is lower.
The embodiment of the system is as follows:
as shown in fig. 6, the present invention further provides a device for measuring an effective value of a broadband communication signal, which includes a memory, a processor, and an internal bus, where the processor and the memory complete mutual data and communication interaction through the internal bus. The processor can be a microprocessor MCU, a programmable logic device FPGA and other processing devices. The memory can be various memories for storing information by using an electric energy mode, such as RAM, ROM and the like; various memories for storing information by magnetic energy, such as hard disk, floppy disk, magnetic tape, magnetic core memory, bubble memory, U disk, etc.; various memories for storing information optically, such as CDs, DVDs, etc.; of course, other forms of memory are possible, such as quantum memory, graphene memory, and the like.
Claims (10)
1. A method for measuring effective value of broadband communication signal, comprising the following steps:
1) dividing a broadband communication signal into two paths, and performing oversampling modulation on a first path of signal according to a first oversampling clock to obtain a first path of data stream; performing oversampling modulation on the second path of signals according to a second path of oversampling clock to obtain a second path of data stream; the frequency of the first oversampling clock and the frequency of the second oversampling clock are different;
2) and performing digital filtering processing on the product of the first path of data flow and the second path of data flow to obtain an instantaneous product signal, and determining the effective value of the broadband communication signal according to the instantaneous product signal.
2. The method for measuring the effective value of the broadband communication signal according to claim 1, wherein the second path of signal needs to be scaled before being subjected to the oversampling modulation according to the second oversampling clock, and an adjustment coefficient K of the scaling is smaller than 1, and K is not smaller than 0.5; the instantaneous product signal is multiplied by the reciprocal of the adjustment factor K and the effective value of the wideband communication signal is determined.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the ratio of the frequency of the first oversampling clock to the frequency of the second oversampling clock is P, and P is an integer greater than 1.
4. The method for measuring the effective value of a broadband communication signal according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the digital filtering process in the step 2) comprises an integrating comb filtering process, a filter decimation process and a finite impulse response gain compensation filtering process.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the transfer function of the integrating comb filter is:
wherein, G is the index of the integral comb filtering, D is the delay primer, and M is the ratio of the sampling frequency of the first path of oversampling modulation and the filtering extraction clock frequency.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the finite impulse response gain compensation filter has a transfer function of:
wherein x (N) is an input data sequence, y (N) is an output data sequence, N cmp Is the order of the fir gain compensation filtering.
7. The method for measuring the effective value of the broadband communication signal according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a second-order oversampling modulator is adopted for the oversampling modulation of the first path signal and the second path signal in step 1), and the second-order oversampling modulator is a second-order sigma-delta oversampling modulator.
8. A method for measuring an effective value of a broadband communication signal according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method further comprises performing analog low-pass filtering on the broadband signal before splitting the broadband signal into two paths, wherein the analog low-pass filtering employs a second-order butterworth low-pass filter.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the effective value of the wideband communication signal is obtained by averaging the instantaneous product signal and then calculating.
10. A system for measuring a valid value of a wideband communication signal, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the processor employs the method for measuring a valid value of a wideband communication signal according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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