CN115074885A - Preparation method of environment-friendly composite yarn - Google Patents
Preparation method of environment-friendly composite yarn Download PDFInfo
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- CN115074885A CN115074885A CN202210961866.3A CN202210961866A CN115074885A CN 115074885 A CN115074885 A CN 115074885A CN 202210961866 A CN202210961866 A CN 202210961866A CN 115074885 A CN115074885 A CN 115074885A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
- D02G3/40—Yarns in which fibres are united by adhesives; Impregnated yarns or threads
- D02G3/404—Yarns or threads coated with polymeric solutions
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
- D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
- D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
- D02G3/045—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials all components being made from artificial or synthetic material
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/02—Cotton
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/20—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres
- D10B2201/22—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres made from cellulose solutions
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/20—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres
- D10B2201/22—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres made from cellulose solutions
- D10B2201/24—Viscose
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2211/00—Protein-based fibres, e.g. animal fibres
- D10B2211/20—Protein-derived artificial fibres
- D10B2211/22—Fibroin
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of environment-friendly composite yarn, coating a mixed polymer melt on the surface of the yarn under a pressurizing condition, adopting a solution blowing and spinning process to spray silk fibroin short fibers on the surface of the mixed polymer melt when the mixed polymer melt coated on the yarn is not completely cooled and solidified, and twisting to prepare the environment-friendly composite yarn; the polymer in the mixed polymer melt is low-melting-point polyethylene terephthalate, and the melting point of the polyethylene terephthalate is 110-150 ℃. The method effectively solves the problems that the mechanical property of the yarn is deteriorated and the yarn is difficult to weave due to large volatilization amount of an organic solvent and increased addition amount of functional powder in blended spinning in the existing functional yarn finishing process, and the problems that the heat loss caused by large-volume heating often exists in simple impregnation of hot melt adhesive in the existing hot melt adhesive finishing method of the yarn, and the functional powder is difficult to participate in twisting of the hot melt adhesive on the basis of ensuring continuous spinning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of spinning processes, and relates to a preparation method of environment-friendly composite yarns.
Background
The two areas of clothing and home use that are the largest and the widest markets for textile applications are faced with the ever-increasing living conditions that are now in place, and the need to meet the consumer demand for higher product quality is needed. At present, most of clothes and home textile products in the market use cotton fibers or polyester fibers as raw materials, regenerated cellulose fiber products are also endless in recent years, in order to attract consumers, manufacturers often endow the textiles with more functions to improve the economic value of the textiles, such as softness, bacteriostasis, perspiration, sun protection and the like, meanwhile, the popularity of fast-fashion brands greatly shortens the updating and updating service cycle of the clothes and the home textiles in the life of people, and in the face of increasing waste textiles, although relevant departments have implemented a strategy of recycling the waste textiles, if the proportion of application of petroleum resources in the textiles can be fundamentally reduced, the scheme adopts more environment-friendly and degradable natural fibers as raw materials, and the scheme has great significance to the natural environment and the society.
At present, except for the development of environment-friendly fibers, natural degradable fibers are selected to prepare yarns, related personnel pay attention to the improvement of a yarn finishing process link, and in the prior art, a common method for yarn after-finishing is to immerse raw yarns in an organic solvent in which functional substances and auxiliaries are dissolved or mixed, and then evaporate, dry and remove the organic solvent to realize adhesion. However, with the increasing requirement of environmental protection, the volatilization of harmful gases caused by such organic solvents in textile industry not only affects the local atmospheric environment of production, but also may damage the health of production personnel, so the transition from solvent-based adhesives to non-solvent-based adhesives is an important trend in green production. The hot melt adhesive has the characteristics of no pollution, quick curing, wide bonding surface, low cost, convenient storage and the like, is well developed in some automatic assembly line production, has been applied to the finishing process of yarns in related patents, such as Chinese patents CN201711346030.8, CN202010824797.2, CN201710306717.2 and the like, and enables the hot melt polymer to be compounded with the yarns at high temperature in the state of glue or silk so as to improve the use fastness of a final product.
In addition, the concentration of the functional substances is limited by means of dip bonding and blending twisting in the functional finishing of the yarns, and because excessive functional substances are precipitated from the yarns along with the evaporation of a bonding solvent and fall off under a certain friction effect during the dip bonding, the low solubility and the difficult uniform dispersion of the functional substances are one of the reasons for blocking spinning needle holes and causing the poor fiber strength and the difficult continuous spinning for the blending spinning, the content of the functional substances in the functional finishing process of the yarns is generally not more than 10-15% under the condition of ensuring the wearing and fatigue resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a preparation method of an environment-friendly composite yarn.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a process for preparing the environment-friendly composite yarn includes such steps as coating the melt of mixed polymer on the surface of yarn under pressure, solidifying, compared with the electrostatic spinning process for preparing the micro-nano short fiber, the solution blow-spray spinning process has the advantages that high-speed airflow replaces high-voltage static electricity, and the operation is safe, so that the method is selected to spray the silk fibroin short fiber on the surface of a mixed polymer melt, and the environment-friendly composite yarn is prepared by twisting, wherein the hot melt adhesive still has certain viscosity when not completely cooled and solidified, and is immediately sprayed with outer-layer short fiber after being coated, so that the silk fibroin short fiber can be adhered, and the yarn is further cohered by a subsequent twisting process;
the polymer in the mixed polymer melt is low-melting-point polyethylene terephthalate, and the melting point of the low-melting-point polyethylene terephthalate is 110-150 ℃;
the yarn is cellulose staple fiber yarn and consists of cotton yarn, viscose yarn, lyocell fiber or bamboo pulp fiber yarn;
the melt viscosity of the coated mixed polymer melt is 250-600 Pa.s when the mixed polymer melt is not completely cooled and solidified;
the coating mass percentage of the mixed polymer melt on the yarn is 10-20% (based on the measurement method of the linear density of the yarn in the national standard GB/T4743-2009, the coating mass percentage of the polymer melt on the 1000m integral yarn is 10-20% by test);
the spinning air pressure of the solution blowing spinning process is 0.2-0.3 MPa.
As a preferable technical scheme:
according to the preparation method of the environment-friendly composite yarn, a microfluidic pressure relief cladding device is adopted for coating the mixed polymer melt;
the micro-flow pressure-relief cladding device comprises a feeding pipe, a heating pipe (or a heating rod), a central pipeline and a feeding tank; the feeding tank is formed by enclosing an inner spherical surface and an outer spherical surface of a downward closed hemispherical shell, a through hole is formed in the central axis of the feeding tank, a central pipeline is positioned in the through hole, the inner spherical surface and the outer spherical surface of the feeding tank are fixedly connected with the central pipeline, and a plurality of holes communicated with the feeding tank are formed in the side face of the lower part of the central pipeline (the holes are formed to realize cladding of yarns and a functional hot melting layer, and the number of the holes is preferably 2 in consideration of part precision); one end of the feeding pipe penetrates through the upper surface of the outer hemispherical shell and is connected into the feeding tank, the other end of the feeding pipe is externally connected with the double-screw extruder, and the functional hot melting layer is mixed and melted in the double-screw extruder and then is extruded into the feeding tank through the feeding pipe; the heating pipe passes through double-deck hemisphere shell upper surface and is connected to inside the inlayer hemisphere shell, and its material comprises resistant certain high temperature material, and the heating pipe does not influence the flow of hot melt adhesive and going on of heating work with the part of hot melt adhesive contact, and the heating mode is electrical heating or conduction oil heating, is prior art. And the uniformly stirred functional hot melt adhesive enters from the feeding pipe and is extruded into a hole below the central pipeline through the hemispherical curved surface to be coated on the surface of the central yarn, the central yarn is introduced into the feeding tank from the upper part of the central pipeline, and is led out of the feeding tank together after being compounded by the hot melt layer in the hole below, and the next blowing and spraying compounding process is carried out.
According to the preparation method of the environment-friendly composite yarn, the inner diameter of the central pipeline is 2-5 mm, the aperture of the side opening at the lower end of the central pipeline is 1-3 mm, the inner diameter of the feeding pipe is 10-20 mm, and the depth of the feeding groove is 5-15 mm.
According to the preparation method of the environment-friendly composite yarn, the extrusion capacity of the double-screw extruder is 450-840 cm 3 /h。
In the preparation method of the environment-friendly composite yarn, the pressurizing condition is that 0.4-1 MPa of pressure is applied.
According to the preparation method of the environment-friendly composite yarn, the mixed polymer is prepared by adding a certain proportion of mixed materials, polymer and auxiliary agent into a double-screw extruder for melt mixing;
the mixed material is more than one of terpineol, citronellol and kaolin; the auxiliary agent is more than one of plasticizer, anti-aging agent, dispersant and softening agent.
According to the preparation method of the environment-friendly composite yarn, the mass ratio of the polymer to the mixed material to the auxiliary agent is 35-75: 20-60: 2-5.
According to the preparation method of the environment-friendly composite yarn, the needle used in the solution blowing spinning process is 21G, and the flow rate is 1.2-1.5 ml/h.
According to the preparation method of the environment-friendly composite yarn, the spinning solution adopted by the solution blowing spinning is obtained by dissolving silk fibroin in formic acid with the mass concentration of 95% at the temperature of 25-40 ℃.
According to the preparation method of the environment-friendly composite yarn, the mass fraction of the spinning solution is 10-15%.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
one of the problems to be solved by the present invention is: the organic solvent volatilization amount in the existing functional yarn finishing process is large, and the adding amount of functional powder in the blending spinning is increased, so that the mechanical property of the yarn is deteriorated and the yarn is difficult to weave; in order to solve the problems, the invention arranges the functional substance on the surface of the yarn by adopting the hot melt adhesive (low-melting-point polyethylene terephthalate) which can be solidified at normal temperature, the hot melt adhesive can keep a certain fluid state and viscosity at the melting temperature, the auxiliary effect of an organic solvent and the spinning requirement are not needed, and the functional powder is added and uniformly stirred, so that the functional powder can be coated on the surface of the yarn at high temperature. Different from other yarn processing methods in the prior art, the functional substances are impregnated and distributed in the whole yarn along with the adhesive, the functional substances of the composite yarn prepared by the method cover the surface layer of the yarn due to hot melt coating, and can better play a function.
The second problem to be solved by the invention is: the existing hot melt adhesive finishing method of the yarn does not provide a process for further compounding the yarn and a hot melt substance, wherein the heat loss caused by large-volume heating usually exists in the simple impregnation of the hot melt adhesive, and the participation of functional powder is difficult to realize on the basis of ensuring continuous spinning by twisting of the hot melt adhesive; in order to solve the problem, the invention designs a special feeding device (microflow pressure-release cladding device) which can further realize the compounding of the hot melt adhesive and the yarn, the low volume flow motion state of the hot melt adhesive in the feeding groove and the spherical heating interface are beneficial to the rapid and uniform heating of the polymer, thereby being more stably clad on the surface of the yarn.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the feeding device is designed in the yarn preparation process, the use amount of the polymer in the use process can be reduced through the design of the inner hemispherical surface groove and the outer hemispherical surface groove, a large amount of molten polymer does not need to be injected in advance, the curved surface groove can reduce the deterioration of a small amount of polymer in a container due to uneven heating in the processing process and can also relieve the uneven internal stress, and the design can realize the better combination of the polymer and the central yarn;
(2) compared with the compounding of short threads and long threads, the short fibers spun by the method of the invention by using the adhesive adhesion blowing of the polymer which is not completely cooled after being heated can keep the surface of the yarn smoother under lower twist;
(3) the main body of the yarn prepared by the invention adopts the most common cellulose short fiber in clothing products, and is matched with a very small amount of polyester to realize the attachment of functional particles on the yarn, and meanwhile, the fibroin short fiber entangled on the surface of the yarn not only can further enhance the mechanical property of the composite yarn, but also has natural skin-friendly property, and can not cause skin sensitivity in the using process, and the using property of softness and skin-friendly of the product can be improved. The composite yarn composed of the three materials can realize environmental degradation to a great extent, and the prepared product conforms to the concept of current green development.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation of an environment-friendly composite yarn according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a microfluidic pressure relief cladding apparatus;
fig. 3 is a perspective view of the microfluidic pressure relief cladding apparatus;
FIG. 4 is a combination view of an environmentally friendly composite yarn structure;
the method comprises the following steps of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 4-2, 4-4, 4-5, wherein the yarn is central yarn, the yarn is guide roller, the yarn is double-screw extruder, the yarn is micro-flow pressure-release cladding device, the yarn is blow-jet spinning device, the yarn is tension roller, the yarn is double-twisting device, the yarn is air pump, the yarn is mixed polymer, the yarn is 1-3, silk fibroin short fiber, the yarn is 4-1, the yarn is central pipeline, the yarn is 4-2, the yarn is heating pipe, the yarn is 4-3, the yarn is feeding groove, and the yarn is hole.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications can be made by those skilled in the art after reading the contents of the present invention, and those equivalents also fall within the scope of the invention defined by the appended claims.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a microfluidic pressure relief cladding device 4 comprises a feeding pipe 4-2, a heating pipe 4-3, a central pipeline 4-1 and a feeding tank 4-4; the feeding tank 4-4 is formed by enclosing an inner closed hemispherical shell and an outer closed hemispherical shell with downward spherical surfaces, the depth of the feeding tank is 5-15 mm, a through hole is formed in the central axis of the feeding tank, a central pipeline 4-1 is positioned in the through hole, the inner diameter of the central pipeline is 2-5 mm, the inner hemispherical shell and the outer hemispherical shell are fixedly connected with the central pipeline, and the side surface of the lower part of the central pipeline is provided with a plurality of holes 4-5 which are communicated with the feeding tank and have the hole diameter of 1-3 mm; the inner diameter of the feeding pipe is 10-20 mm, one end of the feeding pipe penetrates through the upper surface of the outer hemispherical shell and is connected into the feeding groove, and the other end of the feeding pipe is externally connected with a double-screw extruder 3; the heating pipe 4-3 penetrates through the upper surface of the double-layer hemispherical shell and is connected to the inner part of the inner hemispherical shell.
The sources of part of substances related in the embodiment of the invention are as follows:
terpineol adopted in the embodiment of the invention is purchased from Shanghai Ji to Biochemical technology Limited company, and the trade name is as follows: t36060;
the kaolin adopted in the embodiment of the invention is purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biotechnology GmbH, and the mark is: k100134;
the citronellol adopted in the embodiment of the invention is purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biotechnology GmbH, and the trade name is: c102068;
the low melting point polyethylene terephthalate used in the examples of the present invention was purchased from shaoxing nonagrism chemical fiber ltd, trade name: 5402331000, respectively;
the dispersant adopted in the embodiment of the invention is LBD-1;
the softening agent adopted in the embodiment of the invention is Kingsofter AZ-700;
the plasticizer adopted in the embodiment of the invention is dibutyl phthalate, which is purchased from Shanghai Allan Biotechnology, Inc. under the trade name: d103477;
the anti-aging agent adopted in the embodiment of the invention is an anti-aging agent 2246 which is purchased from Nantong New Yongchang chemical Co., Ltd, and the brand number is as follows: 2246;
the silk fibroin adopted in the embodiment of the invention is purchased from Beijing Yongkang Leye scientific and technological development Limited company, and the brand number is: SP 110;
the cotton yarn adopted in the embodiment of the invention is purchased from Tian Yi textile Co., Ltd, in Foshan City, and the brand number is as follows: c-100;
the lyocell filament used in the examples of the present invention is purchased from new type fibers manufacturing company Limited for Swan.
The test method of some indexes related in the embodiment of the invention is concretely as follows:
(1) coating mass percentage: the method for measuring the linear density of the yarn in the national standard GB/T4743-2009 is adopted to test the coating mass percentage of the polymer melt on the 1000m integral yarn;
(2) breaking strength: the breaking strength of plain woven fabric woven by the environment-friendly composite yarns is tested by adopting the national standard GB/T3916-2013;
(3) elongation at break: the elongation at break of plain weave woven fabric woven by environment-friendly composite yarns is tested by adopting the national standard GB/T3916-2013;
(4) VOC release amount: measuring the VOC (volatile organic compounds) release amount of the plain woven fabric by adopting an Agilent 5975C-7890A gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer;
(5) UPF: measuring UPF of the plain woven fabric by adopting a national standard GB/T18830-2009;
(6) t (UVA) AV/%: the T (UVA) AV/%, of the plain woven fabric is measured by using the national standard GB/T18830-2009;
(7) washing: and washing the plain weave fabric by adopting the national standard GB/T3921-2008.
Example 1
A preparation method of environment-friendly composite yarn comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of the compounded polymer:
adding a mixed material (terpineol), a polymer (low-melting-point polyethylene terephthalate with a melting point of 120 ℃) and an auxiliary agent (a mixture of a dispersing agent and a softening agent with a mass ratio of 3: 2) in a mass ratio of 75:22:3 into a double-screw extruder 3, and melting and mixing at 130 ℃ to obtain a mixed polymer;
(2) preparing a solution blowing spinning solution:
dissolving silk fibroin in formic acid with the mass concentration of 95% at 25 ℃ to obtain spinning solution with the mass fraction of 12%;
(3) preparing a composite yarn:
feeding the mixed polymer obtained in the step (1) from a feeding pipe 4-2 of the microflow pressure-release cladding device 4 through a double-screw extruder 3, and extruding the mixed polymer into a central pipeline 4-1 through a hemispherical curved surface; leading the central yarn 1 (cotton yarn) into a micro-flow pressure relief cladding device 4 from the upper part of a central pipeline 4-1 through a guide roller 2; cladding the mixed polymer melt on the surface of the central yarn 1 in a central pipeline 4-1 under the pressure of 0.6MPa, and leading out a microfluidic pressure relief cladding device 4 together; the inner diameter of a central pipeline of the micro-flow pressure relief cladding device is 3mm, the aperture of a hole formed in the side surface of the lower end of the central pipeline is 2mm, the inner diameter of a feeding pipe is 3mm, and the depth of a feeding groove is 10 mm; the extrusion capacity of the twin-screw extruder was 600cm 3 H; the coating mass percentage of the mixed polymer melt on the yarn was 20%;
when the mixed polymer melt coated on the yarn is not completely cooled and solidified (the melt viscosity is 500 Pa.s), adopting a solution blowing spinning process, and spraying silk fibroin short fibers on the surface of the mixed polymer melt through a blowing spinning device 5; then, under the action of four tension rollers 6, the silk fibroin short fibers are well attached to the surface of the yarn; finally, the environment-friendly composite yarn is prepared through twisting by a two-for-one twisting device 7 with the twist of 500T/m;
wherein, the technological parameters of the solution blowing and spraying spinning are as follows: the used needle is 21G, the spinning pressure provided by the air pump 8 is 0.2MPa, and the flow rate is 1.2 ml/h.
The finally prepared environment-friendly composite yarn sequentially comprises a central yarn 1, a mixed polymer 1-2 and silk fibroin short fibers 1-3 as shown in figure 4;
the obtained yarns were woven into plain woven fabrics one over the other, and the breaking strength of the plain woven fabric was measured to be 19.6cN/tex, the elongation at break was 17.8%, and the VOC emission was measured to be 0.009 wt%.
Example 2
A preparation method of environment-friendly composite yarn comprises the following specific steps:
(1) preparation of the compounded polymer:
adding a mixed material (kaolin) with the mass ratio of 35:60:5, a polymer (low-melting-point polyethylene terephthalate with the melting point of 120 ℃) and an auxiliary agent (softening agent) into a double-screw extruder 3, and melting and mixing at 130 ℃ to obtain a mixed polymer;
(2) preparing a solution blowing spinning solution:
dissolving silk fibroin in formic acid with the mass concentration of 95% at 25 ℃ to obtain spinning solution with the mass fraction of 12%;
(3) preparing a composite yarn:
feeding the mixed polymer obtained in the step (1) from a feeding pipe 4-2 of the microfluidic pressure relief cladding device 4 through a double-screw extruder 3, and extruding the mixed polymer into a central pipeline 4-1 through a hemispherical curved surface; leading a central yarn 1 (lyocell fiber filament) into a micro-flow pressure relief cladding device 4 from the upper part of a central pipeline 4-1 through a guide roller 2; cladding the mixed polymer melt on the surface of the central yarn 1 in a central pipeline 4-1 under the pressure of 0.6MPa, and leading out a microfluidic pressure relief cladding device 4 together; the inner diameter of a central pipeline of the micro-flow pressure relief cladding device is 3mm, the aperture of a hole formed in the side surface of the lower end of the central pipeline is 2mm, the inner diameter of a feeding pipe is 3mm, and the depth of a feeding groove is 10 mm; the extrusion capacity of the twin-screw extruder was 600cm 3 H; the coating mass percentage of the mixed polymer melt on the yarn is 20%;
when the mixed polymer melt coated on the yarn is not completely cooled and solidified (the melt viscosity is 500 Pa.s), adopting a solution blowing spinning process, and spraying silk fibroin short fibers on the surface of the mixed polymer melt through a blowing spinning device 5; then, under the action of four tension rollers 6, the silk fibroin short fibers are well attached to the surface of the yarn; finally, the environment-friendly composite yarn is prepared through twisting by a two-for-one twisting device 7 with the twist of 600T/m;
wherein the solution blowing and spraying spinning process parameters are as follows: the used needle is 21G, the spinning pressure provided by the air pump 8 is 0.3MPa, and the flow rate is 1.3 ml/h.
The finally prepared environment-friendly composite yarn sequentially comprises a central yarn 1, a mixed polymer 1-2 and silk fibroin short fibers 1-3 as shown in figure 4;
the obtained yarns were woven into a top-bottom plain woven fabric, and the plain woven fabric was found to have a breaking strength of 21.7cN/tex, an elongation at break of 18.4%, a VOC emission of 0.011wt%, a UPF of 67, and a t (uva) AV of 1.3%.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the composite yarn is basically the same as the embodiment 2 in the specific steps, and is only different in that the blowing spinning process is omitted, and the silk fibroin short fiber is not added;
the obtained yarns were woven into one-over-one-under plain woven fabrics, and the plain woven fabrics were found to have a breaking strength of 19.8cN/tex, an elongation at break of 15.7%, a VOC emission of 0.011% by weight, a UPF of 67, and a t (uva) AV of 1.4%.
Comparing the data of comparative example 1 with that of example 2, it was found that the breaking strength and elongation at break of comparative example 1 are significantly lower than those of example 2, since the incorporation of short fibers during the preparation process can improve the mechanical properties of the yarn.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of composite yarn, which is basically the same as the embodiment 2, and is characterized in that functional hot-melt polymer obtained by melting is input into an open type constant temperature container from a feed pipe, and the composite yarn is drawn out after being impregnated by lyocell fiber filaments;
the obtained yarns were woven into a top-bottom plain woven fabric, and the plain woven fabric was found to have a breaking strength of 20.3cN/tex, an elongation at break of 21.2%, a VOC emission of 0.35% by weight, a UPF of 68, and a T (UVA) AV of 1.5%.
Comparing the data of comparative example 2 with that of example 2, it can be seen that the VOC emission of comparative example 2 is significantly higher than that of example 2, and the breaking strength is lower than that of example 2; the low-melting-point high polymer is used, so that the high-temperature condition is reduced, the aging and degradation of the high polymer are reduced, and meanwhile, a small amount of VOC gas can be led out from a central pipeline or an extrusion port in the near-closed environment of a special device, so that the air pollution degree in the production process can be relieved; the enhancement of the breaking strength is derived from the bonding and shaping effects of the fusion-coated hot melt adhesive in the yarn, and the entanglement of the surface nano short fibers is embedded on the surface of the hot melt layer under the action of external force to play a certain supporting role, so that the enhancement of the mechanical property is facilitated.
Comparative example 3
Weaving commercially available uvioresistant yarns (from Nantong Yiheng New materials science and technology Co., Ltd.; model: MH 9007) into one-over-one plain woven fabric;
the plain woven fabric was measured to have a breaking strength of 17.6cN/tex, an elongation at break of 16.4%, a UPF of 44 and a T (UVA) AV of 2.8%.
Comparing the data of comparative example 3 with that of example 2, it can be seen that the uv resistance of example 2 is significantly better than that of comparative example 3, because the commercially available uv resistant yarn is made by melt spinning the traditional high polymer, the addition amount of the uv resistant auxiliary agent should be less than 10% for uniform spinning, and the addition amount of the functional powder in example 2 of the present invention can reach 12%.
Example 3
A preparation method of environment-friendly composite yarn comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of the compounded polymer:
adding a mixture (citronellol), a polymer (low-melting-point polyethylene terephthalate with the melting point of 120 ℃) and an auxiliary agent (plasticizer) in a mass ratio of 73:20:2 into a double-screw extruder 3, and melting and mixing at 130 ℃ to obtain a mixed polymer;
(2) preparing a solution blowing spinning solution:
dissolving silk fibroin in formic acid with the mass concentration of 95% at 40 ℃ to obtain spinning solution with the mass fraction of 10%;
(3) preparing a composite yarn:
feeding the mixed polymer obtained in the step (1) from a feeding pipe 4-2 of the microfluidic pressure relief cladding device 4 through a double-screw extruder 3, and extruding the mixed polymer into a central pipeline 4-1 through a hemispherical curved surface; leading the central yarn 1 (cotton yarn) into a micro-flow pressure relief cladding device 4 from the upper part of a central pipeline 4-1 through a guide roller 2; cladding the mixed polymer melt on the surface of the central yarn 1 in a central pipeline 4-1 under the pressure of 0.6MPa, and leading out a microflow pressure-relief cladding device 4 together; the inner diameter of a central pipeline of the micro-flow pressure relief cladding device is 3mm, the aperture of a hole formed in the side surface of the lower end of the central pipeline is 2mm, the inner diameter of a feeding pipe is 3mm, and the depth of a feeding groove is 10 mm; double isThe extrusion capacity of the screw extruder was 600cm 3 H; the coating mass percentage of the mixed polymer melt on the yarn was 20%;
when the mixed polymer melt coated on the yarn is not completely cooled and solidified (the melt viscosity is 500 Pa.s), a solution blowing spinning process is adopted, and the silk fibroin short fibers are sprayed and coated on the surface of the mixed polymer melt through a blowing spinning device 5; then, under the action of four tension rollers 6, the silk fibroin short fibers are well attached to the surface of the yarn; finally, the environment-friendly composite yarn is prepared through twisting by a two-for-one twisting device 7 with the twist of 500T/m;
wherein the solution blowing and spraying spinning process parameters are as follows: the used needle is 21G, the spinning air pressure provided by the air pump 8 is 0.2MPa, and the flow rate is 1.4 ml/h.
The finally prepared environment-friendly composite yarn sequentially comprises a central yarn 1, a mixed polymer 1-2 and silk fibroin short fibers 1-3 as shown in figure 4;
the obtained yarns were woven into a plain woven fabric of one over one under, and the breaking strength of the plain woven fabric was measured to be 20.1cN/tex, the elongation at break was measured to be 24.9%, and the VOC emission was measured to be 0.001 wt%.
Example 4
A preparation method of environment-friendly composite yarn comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of the compounded polymer:
adding a mixed material (terpineol), a polymer (low-melting-point polyethylene terephthalate with the melting point of 140 ℃) and an additive (an anti-aging agent) in a mass ratio of 35:60:5 into a double-screw extruder 3, and carrying out melt mixing at 150 ℃ to obtain a mixed material polymer;
(2) preparing a solution blowing spinning solution:
dissolving silk fibroin in formic acid with the mass concentration of 95% at the temperature of 30 ℃ to obtain spinning solution with the mass fraction of 15%;
(3) preparing a composite yarn:
feeding the mixed polymer obtained in the step (1) from a feeding pipe 4-2 of the microfluidic pressure relief cladding device 4 through a double-screw extruder 3, and extruding the mixed polymer into a central pipeline 4-1 through a hemispherical curved surface; center yarn 1 (viscose yarn)) Introducing a micro-flow pressure relief cladding device 4 from the upper part of a central pipeline 4-1 through a guide roller 2; cladding the mixed polymer melt on the surface of the central yarn 1 in a central pipeline 4-1 under the pressure of 0.8MPa, and leading out a microfluidic pressure relief cladding device 4 together; the inner diameter of a central pipeline of the micro-flow pressure relief cladding device is 2mm, the aperture of a hole formed in the side surface of the lower end of the central pipeline is 1mm, the inner diameter of a feeding pipe is 2mm, and the depth of a feeding groove is 5 mm; the extrusion capacity of the twin-screw extruder is 450cm 3 H; the coating mass percentage of the mixed polymer melt on the yarn is 10%;
when the mixed polymer melt coated on the yarn is not completely cooled and solidified (the melt viscosity is 400 Pa.s), adopting a solution blowing spinning process, and spraying silk fibroin short fibers on the surface of the mixed polymer melt through a blowing spinning device 5; then, under the action of four tension rollers 6, the silk fibroin short fibers are well attached to the surface of the yarn; finally, the environment-friendly composite yarn is prepared through twisting by a two-for-one twisting device 7 with the twist of 400T/m;
wherein, the technological parameters of the solution blowing and spraying spinning are as follows: the used needle is 21G, the spinning pressure provided by the air pump 8 is 0.3MPa, and the flow rate is 1.3 ml/h.
The finally prepared environment-friendly composite yarn sequentially comprises a central yarn 1, a mixed polymer 1-2 and silk fibroin short fibers 1-3 as shown in figure 4;
the obtained yarn was woven into a top-bottom plain woven fabric, and the breaking strength of the plain woven fabric was measured to be 21.6cN/tex, the elongation at break was 22.7%, and the VOC emission was measured to be 0.008 wt%.
Example 5
A preparation method of environment-friendly composite yarn comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of the compounded polymer:
adding a mixed material (kaolin) with the mass ratio of 55:45:3, a polymer (low-melting-point polyethylene terephthalate with the melting point of 150 ℃) and an auxiliary agent (dispersing agent) into a double-screw extruder 3, and carrying out melt mixing at 165 ℃ to obtain a mixed polymer;
(2) preparing a solution blowing spinning solution:
dissolving silk fibroin in 95% formic acid at 35 ℃ to obtain 12% spinning solution;
(3) preparing a composite yarn:
feeding the mixed polymer obtained in the step (1) from a feeding pipe 4-2 of the microfluidic pressure relief cladding device 4 through a double-screw extruder 3, and extruding the mixed polymer into a central pipeline 4-1 through a hemispherical curved surface; leading a central yarn 1 (lyocell fiber filament) into a micro-flow pressure relief cladding device 4 from the upper part of a central pipeline 4-1 through a guide roller 2; cladding the mixed polymer melt on the surface of the central yarn 1 in a central pipeline 4-1 under the pressure of 1MPa, and leading out a microfluidic pressure relief cladding device 4 together; the inner diameter of a central pipeline of the micro-flow pressure relief cladding device is 4mm, the aperture of a hole formed in the side surface of the lower end of the central pipeline is 2mm, the inner diameter of a feeding pipe is 4mm, and the depth of a feeding groove is 15 mm; the extrusion capacity of the twin-screw extruder was 840cm 3 H; the coating mass percentage of the compounded polymer melt on the yarn was 17%;
when the mixed polymer melt coated on the yarn is not completely cooled and solidified (the melt viscosity is 250 Pa.s), adopting a solution blowing spinning process, and spraying silk fibroin short fibers on the surface of the mixed polymer melt through a blowing spinning device 5; then, under the action of four tension rollers 6, the silk fibroin short fibers are well attached to the surface of the yarn; finally, the environment-friendly composite yarn is prepared through twisting by a two-for-one twisting device 7 with the twist of 750T/m;
wherein the solution blowing and spraying spinning process parameters are as follows: the used needle is 21G, the spinning pressure provided by the air pump 8 is 0.2MPa, and the flow rate is 1.4 ml/h.
The finally prepared environment-friendly composite yarn sequentially comprises a central yarn 1, a mixed polymer 1-2 and silk fibroin short fibers 1-3 as shown in figure 4;
the yarn thus obtained was woven into a top-bottom plain woven fabric, and the plain woven fabric was found to have a breaking strength of 20.6cN/tex, an elongation at break of 20.4%, a VOC emission of 0.013wt%, a UPF of 63, and a T (UVA) AV of 1.7%.
Example 6
A preparation method of environment-friendly composite yarn comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of the compounded polymer:
adding a mixed material (citronellol), a polymer (low-melting-point polyethylene terephthalate with the melting point of 110 ℃) and an auxiliary agent (softening agent) in a mass ratio of 60:37:3 into a double-screw extruder 3, and melting and mixing at 120 ℃ to obtain a mixed material polymer;
(2) preparing a solution blowing spinning solution:
dissolving silk fibroin in formic acid with the mass concentration of 95% at 25 ℃ to obtain spinning solution with the mass fraction of 12%;
(3) preparing a composite yarn:
feeding the mixed polymer obtained in the step (1) from a feeding pipe 4-2 of the microfluidic pressure relief cladding device 4 through a double-screw extruder 3, and extruding the mixed polymer into a central pipeline 4-1 through a hemispherical curved surface; leading the central yarn 1 (bamboo pulp fiber yarn) into a micro-flow pressure relief cladding device 4 from the upper part of a central pipeline 4-1 through a guide roller 2; cladding the mixed polymer melt on the surface of the central yarn 1 in a central pipeline 4-1 under the pressure of 0.4MPa, and leading out a microfluidic pressure relief cladding device 4 together; the inner diameter of a central pipeline of the micro-flow pressure relief cladding device is 5mm, the aperture of a hole formed in the side surface of the lower end of the central pipeline is 3mm, the inner diameter of a feeding pipe is 5mm, and the depth of a feeding groove is 8 mm; the extrusion capacity of the twin-screw extruder was 700cm 3 H; the coating mass percentage of the compounded polymer melt on the yarn was 13%;
when the mixed polymer melt coated on the yarn is not completely cooled and solidified (the melt viscosity is 600 Pa.s), adopting a solution blowing spinning process, and spraying silk fibroin short fibers on the surface of the mixed polymer melt through a blowing spinning device 5; then, under the action of four tension rollers 6, the silk fibroin short fibers are well attached to the surface of the yarn; finally, twisting by a two-for-one twisting device 7 to obtain the environment-friendly composite yarn, wherein the twist is 800T/m;
wherein the solution blowing and spraying spinning process parameters are as follows: the used needle is 21G, the spinning pressure provided by the air pump 8 is 0.3MPa, and the flow rate is 1.5 ml/h.
The finally prepared environment-friendly composite yarn sequentially comprises a central yarn 1, a mixed polymer 1-2 and silk fibroin short fibers 1-3 as shown in figure 4;
the obtained yarns were woven into plain woven fabrics one over the other, and the breaking strength of the plain woven fabric was measured to be 19.3cN/tex, the elongation at break was 25.7%, and the VOC emission was measured to be 0.009 wt%.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of environment-friendly composite yarn is characterized by comprising the following steps: coating the mixed polymer melt on the surface of the yarn under a pressurizing condition, spraying the silk fibroin short fiber on the surface of the mixed polymer melt by adopting a solution blowing spinning process when the mixed polymer melt coated on the yarn is not completely cooled and solidified, and twisting to prepare the environment-friendly composite yarn;
the polymer in the mixed polymer melt is low-melting-point polyethylene terephthalate, and the melting point of the low-melting-point polyethylene terephthalate is 110-150 ℃;
the yarn is cellulose staple fiber yarn, and consists of cotton yarn, viscose yarn, lyocell fiber or bamboo pulp fiber yarn;
the melt viscosity of the coated mixed polymer melt is 250-600 Pa.s when the mixed polymer melt is not completely cooled and solidified;
the coating mass percentage of the mixed polymer melt on the yarn is 10-20%;
the spinning air pressure of the solution blowing spinning process is 0.2-0.3 MPa.
2. The method for preparing the environment-friendly composite yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein a microfluidic pressure relief cladding device is adopted for coating the mixed polymer melt;
the microfluidic pressure relief cladding device comprises a feeding pipe, a heating pipe, a central pipeline and a feeding tank; the feeding tank is formed by enclosing an inner spherical surface and an outer spherical surface downward closed hemispherical shells, a through hole is formed in the central axis of the feeding tank, a central pipeline is positioned in the through hole, the inner hemispherical shell and the outer hemispherical shell are fixedly connected with the central pipeline, and a plurality of holes communicated with the feeding tank are formed in the side face of the lower part of the central pipeline; one end of the feeding pipe penetrates through the upper surface of the hemispherical shell of the outer layer and is connected into the feeding tank, and the other end of the feeding pipe is externally connected with a double-screw extruder; the heating pipe penetrates through the upper surface of the double-layer hemispherical shell and is connected to the inside of the inner-layer hemispherical shell.
3. The preparation method of the environment-friendly composite yarn as claimed in claim 2, wherein the inner diameter of the central pipeline is 2-5 mm, the aperture of the side opening at the lower part of the central pipeline is 1-3 mm, the inner diameter of the feed pipe is 10-20 mm, and the depth of the feed groove is 5-15 mm.
4. The method for preparing the environment-friendly composite yarn as claimed in claim 2, wherein the extrusion capacity of the twin-screw extruder is 450-840 cm 3 /h。
5. The method for preparing the environment-friendly composite yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressurizing condition is that a pressure of 0.4-1 MPa is applied.
6. The method for preparing the environment-friendly composite yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compounded polymer is prepared by adding a certain proportion of the compounded material, the polymer and the auxiliary agent into a double-screw extruder and carrying out melt mixing;
the mixed material is more than one of terpineol, citronellol and kaolin; the auxiliary agent is more than one of plasticizer, anti-aging agent, dispersant and softening agent.
7. The preparation method of the environment-friendly composite yarn as claimed in claim 6, wherein the mass ratio of the polymer to the mixed material to the auxiliary agent is 35-75: 20-60: 2-5.
8. The method for preparing the environment-friendly composite yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein a needle used in the solution blowing spinning process is 21G, and the flow rate is 1.2-1.5 ml/h.
9. The method for preparing the environment-friendly composite yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spinning solution adopted in the solution blowing spinning is obtained by dissolving silk fibroin in 95% formic acid at a temperature of 25-40 ℃.
10. The preparation method of the environment-friendly composite yarn as claimed in claim 9, wherein the mass fraction of the spinning solution is 10-15%.
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| CN115595682A (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-01-13 | 吴江福华织造有限公司（Cn） | Multifunctional fiber and preparation method and application thereof |
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