CN115062366A - Digital twinning design method and system for garden landscape, storage medium and terminal - Google Patents
Digital twinning design method and system for garden landscape, storage medium and terminal Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a digital twinning design method and a system for garden landscapes, wherein the method comprises the following steps of S100: acquiring landform data of a planning area through unmanned aerial vehicle aerial survey, and fusing the landform data with GIS geographic information to acquire a landform data physical model of the planning area; s200: obtaining a landscape design scheme according to the terrain data of the planning area, and establishing a BIM (building information modeling) model of each landscape element; s300: establishing a landscape area spatial attribute DTLD model to realize the fusion simulation of the BIM model of each landscape element and the terrain data of the corresponding planning block; s400: and realizing immersive experience of the fusion simulation design scheme through the interactive equipment, and evaluating whether the design scheme meets the design requirement. According to the method, the BIM model and the actual physical model are subjected to fusion simulation, and a simulation effect is obtained through real-time simulation calculation, so that the approach degree of the design scheme and the real construction effect is greatly improved, and the problems that the real construction effect is difficult to simulate in the traditional two-dimensional or three-dimensional static landscape garden design and the like are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of landscape design, and particularly relates to a digital twin design method, a digital twin design system, a storage medium and a terminal for landscape.
Background
In the design of urban garden landscapes, in addition to the plane layout relation which needs to meet the planning and design requirements, the overall plane layout and the coordination, the ornamental performance, the artistic performance, the comfort and other uncertain factors among landscapes such as trees, flowers, grasses, stones, lakes, ancient trails, buildings and the like are also considered in the overall layout arrangement of the large geographical range, the complex geological conditions, the functional partitions, the road network and the garden accessory facilities thereof.
The traditional scenic spot design relies on a two-dimensional contour topographic map to analyze and design an original field in a brain, the landscape regional spatial relationship embodied by GIS information data is crucial to describing and understanding the physical environment of landscape design, and various problems which may occur can be effectively controlled in the design stage by utilizing the BIM technology, so that the development of the landscape industry is promoted. At present, the construction amount of the infrastructure in China is large, the construction industry develops quickly, but the construction industry needs sustainable development, and construction enterprises face more severe competition. In this context, the advantages of visualization, coordination, simulation, optimization, etc. of the BIM technology are increasingly highlighted.
However, the conventional BIM three-dimensional model method cannot fully describe and use the characteristics, and particularly cannot perform real-time matching simulation analysis on the landscape area GIS information and the models of trees, flowers, grass, stones, lakes, historic sites, buildings and the like in real time, so that a designer is difficult to adjust a design scheme in real time according to requirements. And when the site is large and the terrain condition is complex, the overall layout is difficult to be considered by manpower alone, the problems of inconsistent terrain design and surrounding environment, unsmooth drainage, large difference of earthwork filling and excavating quantity, high design cost and low engineering efficiency are easy to occur,
disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or the improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a digital twin design method, a system, a storage medium and a terminal of a garden landscape, wherein node coding information of different landscape types is established, numerical attributes such as length, width, height, area and the like of broad-leaved forests, woodland trails, lawns, flower gardens, pavilions, running water and ponds are collected, BIM models of the broad-leaved forests, the woodland trails, the lawns, the pavilions, the running water and the ponds are established, the fusion of the BIM models and GIS information is realized by establishing topological association of the BIM models and the actual physical models, and after modification suggestions are provided by users, scheme design can be revised in real time, real-time simulation calculation is carried out, and simulation effect is obtained, the approach degree of the design scheme and the real construction effect is greatly improved, and the problems that the traditional two-dimensional or three-dimensional static landscape garden design is difficult to simulate the real construction effect and the like are solved.
In order to achieve the above objects, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a digital twin design method of landscape architecture, comprising the steps of:
s100: acquiring landform data of a planning area through unmanned aerial vehicle aerial survey, and fusing the landform data with GIS geographic information to acquire a landform data physical model of the planning area;
s200: obtaining a garden landscape design scheme according to topographic data of a planning area, and establishing a BIM (building information modeling) model of each garden landscape element;
s300: establishing a DTLD model for landscape area spatial attributes to realize fusion simulation of the BIM model of each landscape element and the terrain data of the corresponding planning block;
s400: and (4) realizing immersive experience of the fusion simulation design scheme through the interactive equipment, evaluating whether the design scheme meets design requirements, if not, repeating the second step and the third step, feeding back and modifying the BIM model, performing fusion simulation calculation again, updating, and if the requirements are met, obtaining the final design scheme.
Further, step S100 includes:
s101: surveying a planned area, determining the time of aerial survey of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to a survey result, planning an air route of the unmanned aerial vehicle, acquiring aerial photography data, and detecting and performing interior work processing on the acquired photography data to obtain an aerial survey terrain of the planned area;
s102: determining the detection time of the depth finder according to the exploration result, acquiring the mountain range, the terrain distribution, the water area range, the water depth value and the coordinates of the planned area to be detected, and obtaining the plane coordinates and the elevation of the planned area to be detected according to the coordinates;
s103: and fusing the mountain range, the topographic distribution, the water area range, the water depth value and the coordinates to obtain the overall topographic distribution of the planned area, and fusing the overall topographic distribution with GIS geographic information to obtain the final mapping result of the planned area.
And step S101 includes detecting flight quality and image quality after flight completion, compensating flight for unqualified flight paths and leak areas, generating a three-dimensional live-action model by adopting space-three encryption and area network adjustment, and correcting aerial survey results of the unmanned aerial vehicle by taking measurement results selected from the three-dimensional live-action model as a reference to obtain the aerial survey terrain of the planned area.
Further, step S200 includes:
s201: establishing node attributes for each landscape design element
Comprises the following steps:
wherein i represents the type of the landscape design elements, j represents the number of each landscape design element, G represents the attribute of the jth element in the ith landscape design element, and [ ID01] - [ IDij ] represents the code of the landscape design element;
s202: constructing numerical attributes of landscape design elements
Comprises the following steps:
wherein, V is represented as the geometric attribute information of the jth element in the i landscape design elements.
Further, step S300 includes:
s301: analyzing spatial attributes of the planned area, comprising:
wherein Z is p Interpolating coordinates of the elevation points; n is the number of interpolation elevation points; p is i Is the weight of the ith data point; z i Elevation for the ith data point;
s302: and (3) correcting the measurement result:
wherein, Δ h is a measurement result correction value; h is f Aerial surveying the terrain for the unmanned aerial vehicle; h is d Is the underwater topography detected by the depth finder.
Further, step S300 includes:
s303: establishing a topological relation among the node attribute, the numerical attribute and the planning area of each landscape design element, namely a DTLD model, and defining as follows:
further, step S300 includes:
s304: setting the sampling-back times, namely initializing a new training set as an empty set, circularly executing the sampling operation times, randomly selecting a pair of samples from landscape BIM and planning region terrain data each time the sampling operation is executed, copying the samples and adding the copied samples into the new training set;
s305: constructing an algorithm parameter search set, randomly dividing samples in the training set into a training set with a proportion of 75% and a verification set with a proportion of 25% to obtain landscape BIM and a planning area terrain topological function, wherein each element in the set is a group of specific parameters matched with the algorithm;
s306: defining a loss function machine evaluation function matched with landscape area topographic data and a BIM model, carrying out training on a training set by using parameters, and calculating classification accuracy on a verification set;
s307: if the classification accuracy does not meet the requirement, returning to the step S304; if the classification accuracy meets the requirement, finishing training, and screening out the parameter corresponding to the highest classification accuracy on the verification set; and obtaining a landscape BIM and planning area terrain topological relation classification result value.
According to a second aspect of the invention, a digital twin design system of a garden landscape is provided, which comprises a data protection layer, a modeling calculation layer and an immersive experience layer three-layer framework; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the data protection layer comprises a GIS geographic information data acquisition module, a landscape design data module, a high-number data transmission module and a data management module, wherein the GIS geographic information data acquisition module is used for realizing aerial survey of a landscape planning region by means of an unmanned aerial vehicle and the like to obtain aerial survey topographic and geomorphic data, the landscape design data module is used for establishing BIM models of various landscape types, the high-number data transmission module is used for realizing real-time transmission interaction of the topographic data of the planning region and the BIM model data of various landscapes, and the data management module is used for storing, reading, modifying and updating PB-level big data generated by the digital twin design system;
the modeling calculation layer comprises a landscape area geographical and geomorphic environment physical module, a landscape object BIM module and a matching algorithm module, wherein the landscape area geographical and geomorphic environment physical module is used for carrying out fusion processing on corresponding GIS information of a planning area, matching and fusing aerial survey topographic and geomorphic data and GIS position coordinates to obtain a physical model of actual topographic data, the landscape object BIM module is used for establishing BIM models of broad-leaved forests, woodland trails, lawns, flower gardens, pavilions, running water and ponds, the matching algorithm module is used for fusing and simulating the BIM models and the actual physical models, and after a modification suggestion is provided by a user, scheme design can be revised in real time, and real-time simulation calculation is carried out;
the immersive experience layer comprises a three-dimensional virtual mapping module, a user interaction module and a virtual digital cluster module, wherein the three-dimensional virtual mapping module is used for three-dimensionally mapping a physical model and a virtual model simulation calculation result to obtain a design scheme effect diagram approaching a real environment, the user interaction module is used for interacting, scheme modifying, real-time calculating, updating and displaying with a design scheme through virtual reality wearable equipment, and the virtual digital cluster module is used for realizing multi-user cooperative interaction, design scheme reviewing, modifying, simulation calculating and updating.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic apparatus comprising:
at least one processor, at least one memory, and a communication interface; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the processor, the memory and the communication interface are communicated with each other;
the memory stores program instructions executable by the processor, which invokes the program instructions to perform the method.
According to a fourth aspect of the invention, there is provided a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing computer instructions which cause the computer to perform the method.
In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
1. the method of the invention establishes node coding information of different landscape types, collects numerical attributes such as length, width, height, area and the like of broad leaf forest, woodland lane, lawn, flower garden, pavilion, running water and pond, establishes BIM models of broad leaf forest, woodland lane, lawn, flower garden, pavilion, running water and pond, realizes the fusion of the BIM models of broad leaf forest, woodland lane, lawn, flower garden, pavilion, running water and pond and GIS information by establishing topological correlation of the BIM models and the geographical information of planning areas for unmanned aerial vehicle aerial survey, fuses and simulates the BIM models and actual physical models, and after a user proposes a modification suggestion, scheme design can be revised in real time, simulation calculation is carried out in real time, a simulation effect is obtained, the degree of approximation of the design scheme and a real construction effect is greatly improved, and a series of problems that the real construction effect is difficult to simulate in the traditional two-dimensional or three-dimensional static landscape garden design are solved.
2. The method realizes real-time transmission and interaction of terrain data in a planning area and BIM (building information modeling) model data of each landscape, particularly solves the problem of time delay of the data, ensures real-time fusion, interaction and update of the terrain data and the BIM model data of each landscape, solves the problems of high-speed data acquisition, transmission and calculation of a digital twin system, and simultaneously is matched with a data management module to store, read, modify and update PB-level big data generated by the digital twin design system, thereby providing a key technical guarantee for the digital twin design system.
3. According to the method, the matching algorithm module is used for fusing and simulating the BIM model and the actual physical model, and after a modification suggestion is provided by a user, scheme design can be revised in real time, simulation calculation can be carried out in real time, and modeling and high-speed calculation of a digital twin design system are achieved.
4. According to the method, the three-dimensional virtual mapping module is used for three-dimensionally mapping a physical model and a virtual model simulation calculation result to obtain a design scheme effect picture approximate to a real environment, the user interaction module is used for realizing the functions of interaction, scheme modification, real-time calculation, updating, display and the like of a user and a design scheme through virtual reality wearable equipment such as VR glasses, VR helmets and the like or an intelligent interaction system, and the virtual digital cluster module is matched to realize multi-user cooperative interaction, design scheme review, modification, simulation calculation and updating, so that garden landscape aerial survey, GIS, BIM modeling, design, simulation, interaction and modification are integrated, and the design quality and efficiency of the garden landscape are greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a digital twin design system architecture of a landscape in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a general flow chart of a digital twinning design method for landscape architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a DTLD topological algorithm of a landscape area according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a general diagram of a digital twin design case in a landscape area according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a man-machine interactive downward view of a digital twin design case of a landscape area according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of human-computer interaction and partial enlargement of a digital twin design case in a landscape area according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a design scheme of a landscape in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the respective embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a digital twin design system for landscape architecture, which generally includes a data protection layer, a modeling calculation layer and an immersive experience layer, wherein a data protection layer is used to implement navigation topographic data acquisition and GIS geographic information fusion of a planning region to obtain topographic data of the planning region, a BIM model of the landscape is established, and a DTLD topological algorithm is used to implement topographic data fusion simulation with the planning region. The data protection layer comprises a GIS geographic information data acquisition module, a landscape design data module, a high-number data transmission module and a data management module. The GIS geographic information data acquisition module is used for realizing aerial survey of a landscape planning area by means of an unmanned aerial vehicle and the like to obtain aerial survey topographic and topographic data, the landscape design data module is used for establishing BIM models of various landscape types, such as node coding information of different landscape types, and acquiring numerical attributes of lengths, widths, heights and areas of broad-leaved forests, woodlands, flower gardens, pavilions, running water and ponds, the high-number data transmission module is used for realizing real-time transmission interaction of topographic data and BIM model data of various landscapes in the planning area, particularly solving the problem of time delay of the data, ensuring real-time fusion interaction and updating of topographic data and BIM model data of various landscapes, solving the problems of high-speed data acquisition, transmission and calculation of a digital twin system, and simultaneously matching with the data management module to store PB-level large data generated by the twin design system, Reading, modifying and updating management, and providing key technical guarantee for the digital twin design system. The modeling calculation layer comprises a landscape regional geography and geomorphic environment object module, a landscape object BIM module and a matching algorithm module. The landscape area geographic and geomorphic environment physical module is used for carrying out fusion processing on corresponding GIS information of a planning area, matching and fusing aerial survey geomorphic data and GIS position coordinates to obtain a physical model of actual topographic data; the scene object BIM module is used for establishing BIM models of broad-leaved forests, forest paths, lawns, flower gardens, pavilions, running water and ponds, the matching algorithm module is used for fusing and simulating the BIM models and actual physical models, and after a modification suggestion is provided by a user, scheme design can be revised in real time, real-time simulation calculation can be carried out, and modeling and high-speed calculation of a digital twin design system can be realized. The immersive experience layer includes a three-dimensional virtual mapping module, a user interaction module, and a virtual digital cluster module. The three-dimensional virtual mapping module is used for three-dimensionally mapping simulation calculation results of the physical model and the virtual model to obtain a design scheme effect map approaching a real environment, the user interaction module is used for realizing the functions of interaction, scheme modification, real-time calculation, updating, display and the like of a user and a design scheme through virtual reality wearable equipment such as VR glasses, VR helmets and the like or an intelligent interaction system, and the three-dimensional virtual mapping module is matched with the virtual digital cluster module to realize multi-user cooperative interaction, design scheme review, modification, simulation calculation and updating, so that integration of landscape aeronautical survey, GIS and BIM modeling, design, simulation, interaction and modification is realized, and the design quality and efficiency of the landscape are greatly improved.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a digital twin design method for landscape architecture, including the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: acquiring landform data of a planned area through unmanned aerial vehicle aerial survey, and fusing the landform data with GIS geographic information to acquire a landform data physical model of the planned area;
surveying a planned area, determining the time of aerial survey of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to a survey result, planning an air route of the unmanned aerial vehicle, acquiring aerial photography data, and detecting and performing interior work processing on the acquired photography data to obtain an aerial survey terrain of the planned area; determining the detection time of the depth finder according to the exploration result, acquiring the mountain range, the terrain distribution, the water area range, the water depth value and the coordinates of the planning area to be detected, obtaining the plane coordinates and the elevation of the planning area to be detected according to the coordinates, fusing the mountain range, the terrain distribution, the water area range, the water depth value and the coordinates to obtain the overall terrain distribution of the planning area, and fusing the overall terrain distribution with GIS geographic information to obtain the final mapping result of the planning area.
When the unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photogrammetry method is adopted for topographic map surveying and mapping, a 4RTK unmanned aerial vehicle can be used for topographic map surveying and mapping, and flight implementation is designed according to the mapping requirement of a 1:500 scale and the relevant requirement of unmanned aerial vehicle flight. The flying height is designed to be 100 meters, the course overlapping degree is 80 percent, and the side overlapping degree is 70 percent. When surveying and mapping the terrain of a water area, the underwater terrain measurement is carried out by adopting a GNSS-RTK + depth sounder combined mode, for example, an R10 GNSS receiver and an HY1602 double-frequency depth sounder can be used, and a probe of the depth sounder is installed on a ship board. In the operation process, the depth finder needs to continuously acquire and store a water depth value; the computer synchronously acquires the water depth value and the positioning data, and the water depth acquisition record of the computer is accurate to 0.01 m. After the operation is finished, the water depth data is processed through post-processing software, gross errors and some wrong water depth values are removed, fusion calculation is carried out on the processed water depth values and the GNSS-RTK elevations, a water bottom elevation value is obtained, and the GNSS-RTK plane coordinates are added to the water bottom elevation value to obtain the final underwater terrain achievement. Determining weather on the operation day to carry out aerial survey, detecting flight quality and image quality after the aerial survey is finished, compensating the flight for unqualified air routes and leak areas, generating a three-dimensional live-action model by adopting air-triple encryption and area network adjustment, and correcting aerial survey results of the unmanned aerial vehicle by taking measurement results selected from the three-dimensional live-action model as a reference to obtain the aerial survey terrain of a planned area. Specifically, the aerial survey terrain of the unmanned aerial vehicle is generated according to the aerial survey interior technical requirements. The method comprises the steps of taking the aerial survey terrain of an unmanned aerial vehicle as a reference, calculating an underwater terrain measurement result modification value based on the overlapping area of the aerial survey terrain and the underwater terrain, splicing and fusing the modified mountain terrain and water area terrain with GIS (geographic information system) geographic position information, and obtaining a final mapping result of a planning area.
Step two: obtaining a garden landscape design scheme according to topographic data of a planning area, and establishing a BIM (building information modeling) model of each garden landscape element, wherein the BIM model specifically comprises the following steps:
step (1): establishing node attributes for each landscape design element
Because the BIM model has information completeness, reasonable landscape design elements are extracted, which is important for the retrieval of the BIM model and the construction of a classification platform, the extracted basic landscape area geographic element information is shown in a table 1, wherein ID is an identification number of each element in the BIM model; the coordinates are used for judging the relative position of each element in the model, so that the horizontal and vertical axis coordinates of the objects such as mountains, water bodies, soil bodies and the like should be concerned. The extraction of the above elements can help identify the geospatial features of the landscape area and provide necessary data support for constructing the topological attributes and fusing the domain attributes of the topology.
The DTLD model defines the node attributes of each landscape design element as follows:
wherein i represents the kind of landscape design elements, j represents the number of each kind of landscape design elements, G represents the attribute of the jth element in the ith kind of landscape design elements, and [ ID01] - [ IDij ] represents the code of the landscape design elements. The mountain building includes, but is not limited to, garden mountain, hall mountain, building mountain, pavilion mountain, book building mountain, pool mountain, inner chamber mountain, cliff mountain, mountain and stone pool, peak, mountain, rock, hole, mountain, curved water, waterfall and the like. The variety of the nursery stock is various, and a model can be flexibly selected and established, such as red maple leaves, green bamboos, white southern magnolia, purple lagerstroemia indica, spotted elm and the like; the building can be referred to various forms including palace, pavilion, building, hall, pavilion, room, etc.
Step (2): constructing numerical attributes of landscape design elements
The numerical attribute definition formula of each landscape design element is constructed as follows:
wherein, V is represented as information such as geometric attributes (such as perimeter, area, coordinates, etc.) of the jth element in the i landscape design elements.
Step three: establishing a landscape area spatial attribute DTLD model to realize the fusion simulation of the BIM model of each landscape element and the terrain data of the corresponding planning block;
therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, a view area spatial attribute DTLD (Digital two models for landscaping design, DTLD) model is established to implement real-time matching simulation analysis of the view area GIS information and the models of trees, flowers, grasses, stones, lakes, historic sites, buildings, and the like, as shown in fig. 3:
step (1): analyzing spatial attributes of a planned area
As an optional embodiment, the obtaining of the topographic map of the planned area based on the aerial survey of the unmanned aerial vehicle provided in the embodiment of the present invention uses a weighted average method to interpolate spatial attributes of the underwater topography and the aerial survey topography one by one for the grid points, including:
wherein Z is p Interpolating coordinates of the elevation points; n is the number of interpolation elevation points; p i Is the weight of the ith data point; z i Is the elevation of the ith data point.
Specifically, the interpolated elevation of the grid point is calculated by calculating the weighted average of all points in a circle with the grid point as the center and the radius R as the radius, and the weighted average calculation is performed by taking the square of the distance as the reciprocal of the weight, and the formula is shown as formula (1).
Measurement outcome correction values include:
wherein, Δ h is a measurement result correction value; h is f Aerial surveying the terrain for the unmanned aerial vehicle; h is d The underwater topography detected by the depth finder.
Specifically, the measurement result of the overlapping area is used as a basis, the measurement result of the unmanned aerial vehicle aeronautical flight is used as a reference, and the measurement result correction values of the depth finder measurement result and the unmanned aerial vehicle aeronautical measurement result interpolated on the grid point are calculated as shown in formula (2). And after the correction value of the measurement result is calculated, splicing and fusing the corrected underwater topography measurement result of the depth finder and the measurement result of the unmanned aerial vehicle, generating a topography map according to the mapping requirement of a 1:500 scale, and obtaining the spatial attribute of the planning area.
Step (2): establishing a topological relation among the node attribute, the numerical attribute and the planning area of each landscape design element, namely a DTLD model, and defining as follows:
step four: and (4) realizing immersive experience of the fusion simulation design scheme through the interactive equipment, evaluating whether the design scheme meets design requirements, if not, repeating the second step and the third step, feeding back and modifying the BIM model, performing fusion simulation calculation again, updating, and if the requirements are met, obtaining the final design scheme.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, in the embodiment of the present invention, after the DTLD model is established, the model is trained by using a machine learning algorithm, which includes the following steps:
s304: setting the sampling-back times, namely initializing a new training set as an empty set, circularly executing the sampling operation times, randomly selecting a pair of samples from landscape BIM and planning region terrain data each time the sampling operation is executed, copying the samples and adding the copied samples into the new training set;
s305: constructing an algorithm parameter search set, randomly segmenting samples in the training set into a training set with a proportion of 75% and a verification set with a proportion of 25% by using each element in the set as a group of specific parameters matched with an algorithm, and obtaining landscape BIM and a planning area terrain topological function;
s306: defining a loss function machine evaluation function matched with landscape area topographic data and a BIM model, carrying out training on a training set by using parameters, and calculating classification accuracy on a verification set;
s307: if the classification accuracy does not meet the requirement, returning to the step S304; if the classification accuracy meets the requirement, finishing training, and screening out the parameter corresponding to the highest classification accuracy on the verification set; and obtaining a landscape BIM and planning area terrain topological relation classification result value.
The invention uses a plurality of machine learning classification algorithms to train on the labeled landscape BIM and the planning region topographic topological relation classification data set in parallel, when each machine learning classification model is trained, the original full data set is not directly used, but the original full data set is randomly sampled with the random being put back, and the specific machine learning classification model is trained on the new data set obtained by putting back the random sampling. Due to the randomness of the back sampling, training sets of different machine learning classification models are different, and the independence of classification results is ensured, so that landscape BIM is better matched with the terrain of a planning region, a high-precision design scheme is obtained, and a good algorithm basis is laid for the garden landscape digital twin design system.
As shown in fig. 5-7, in one embodiment of the present invention, a certain garden solution designed using the digital twin design system of landscape architecture is used. Firstly, adopting unmanned aerial vehicle aerial survey to obtain a planned area with the area of 0.23 ten thousand square meters, wherein the whole area is in a rectangular layout and comprises land and a water body part, the land area is 0.16 ten thousand square meters, the water body part is 0.07 ten thousand square meters, the water body part is taken as the center, the land part is combined with a water system and a Chinese style building to design a classical landscape, the important architectural style is a pure Chinese classical landscape style, the classical landscape comprises various Chinese style traditional buildings, including a main hall house, a corridor and a hexagonal pavilion, the water system is combined with the courtyard to form an integral water system to be inserted into the whole garden system, landscape such as broad leaf forest, small street, lawn, flower nursery, pavilion, running water, pond and the like are designed aiming at land blocks in the planned area, node coding information of different landscape types is established, broad leaf forest, small street, lawn, flower nursery, table, running water, long running water and pond long landscape, Building BIM models of broad-leaved forests, woodland trails, lawns, flower gardens, pavilion tables, running water and ponds according to numerical attributes such as width, height and area, and building topological correlation between the BIM models and geographical information of planning areas for aerial survey of unmanned aerial vehicles through the formula (5) to achieve fusion of the BIM models and GIS information of the broad-leaved forests, the woodland trails, the lawns, the pavilion tables, the running water and the ponds; the M machine learning algorithms are respectively recorded as Algorithm 1 ，Algorithm 2 ，…，Algorithm M ；
Algorithm specific to a particular one of the M machine learning algorithms selected j
Algorithm j ∈{Algorithm 1 ，Algorithm 2 ，…，Algorithm M }，
The process of constructing a training set for the algorithm, selecting the optimal parameters and training a model based on the optimal parameters is as follows:
and (3): constructing a training set; setting the number of times of sample putting back to be L, and initializing a new training set to be an empty set
Circularly executing the sampling operation for L times, randomly selecting a pair of samples from the landscape BIM and the terrain data of the planning area each time the sampling operation is executed, copying the samples and adding the copied samples into a new training set S; after the L times of sampling operations are completed, the sample capacity of the new training set S is L;
and (4): and selecting the optimal parameters. Algorithm for machine learning classification j J-1, 2, …, M for which an Algorithm parameter search set W is constructed, each element in W being a specific set of algorithms algorithmm j The matched parameters. Training Algorithm Algorithm based on different parameters in W j The final classification accuracy is different, and therefore a parameter which enables the highest classification accuracy needs to be found from W. Will be provided with
Randomly cutting the sample into a training set with a proportion of 75% and a verification set with a proportion of 25%, training a model on the training set by using the parameter for each specific parameter in W, calculating the classification accuracy on the verification set, screening out the parameter with the highest classification accuracy on the verification set, and recording the parameter as the parameter
And (5): the model is trained based on the optimal parameters. Using optimal parameters
In that
An upper training landscape BIM and planning region topological relation model is obtained to obtain a landscape BIM and planning region terrain topological function
The independent variable x represents a gray value vector with the length of 3 multiplied by H multiplied by W, and the output value of the classification function is a classification result value representing the landscape BIM and the planning area terrain topological relation. The BIM model and the actual physical model are fused and simulated, and after a modification suggestion is provided by a user, scheme design can be revised in real time, real-time simulation calculation is carried out, a simulation effect is obtained, the approximation degree of the design scheme and the real construction effect is greatly improved, and the problems that the real construction effect is difficult to simulate in the traditional two-dimensional or three-dimensional static landscape garden design and the like are solved.
The method of the embodiment of the invention is realized by depending on the electronic equipment, so that the related electronic equipment is necessarily introduced. With this object in mind, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic apparatus including: the system comprises at least one processor (processor), a communication Interface (Communications Interface), at least one memory (memory) and a communication bus, wherein the at least one processor, the communication Interface and the at least one memory are communicated with each other through the communication bus. The at least one processor may invoke logic instructions in the at least one memory to perform all or a portion of the steps of the methods provided by the various method embodiments described above.
In addition, the logic instructions in the at least one memory may be implemented in software functional units and stored in a computer readable storage medium when sold or used as a stand-alone product. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the method embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, since various modifications, substitutions and improvements within the spirit and scope of the invention are possible and within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A digital twin design method of garden landscape is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s100: acquiring landform data of a planning area through unmanned aerial vehicle aerial survey, and fusing the landform data with GIS geographic information to acquire a landform data physical model of the planning area;
s200: obtaining a garden landscape design scheme according to topographic data of a planning area, and establishing a BIM (building information modeling) model of each garden landscape element;
s300: establishing a landscape area spatial attribute DTLD model to realize the fusion simulation of the BIM model of each landscape element and the terrain data of the corresponding planning block;
s400: and (4) realizing immersive experience of the fusion simulation design scheme through the interactive equipment, evaluating whether the design scheme meets design requirements, if not, repeating the second step and the third step, feeding back and modifying the BIM model, performing fusion simulation calculation again, updating, and if the requirements are met, obtaining the final design scheme.
2. The digital twinning design method of landscape architecture according to claim 1, wherein step S100 includes:
s101: surveying a planned area, determining the time of aerial survey of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to a survey result, planning an air route of the unmanned aerial vehicle, acquiring aerial photography data, and detecting and performing interior work processing on the acquired photography data to obtain an aerial survey terrain of the planned area;
s102: determining the detection time of the depth finder according to the exploration result, acquiring the mountain range, the terrain distribution, the water area range, the water depth value and the coordinates of the planned area to be detected, and obtaining the plane coordinates and the elevation of the planned area to be detected according to the coordinates;
s103: and fusing the mountain range, the topographic distribution, the water area range, the water depth value and the coordinates to obtain the overall topographic distribution of the planned area, and fusing the overall topographic distribution with GIS geographic information to obtain the final mapping result of the planned area.
3. The digital twin design method of garden landscape according to claim 2, wherein step S101 includes detecting flight quality and image quality after flight, compensating flight for unqualified routes and loophole areas, generating a three-dimensional live-action model by using air-to-three encryption and area network adjustment, and correcting the aerial survey result of the unmanned aerial vehicle based on the measurement result selected from the three-dimensional live-action model to obtain the aerial survey terrain of the planned area.
4. A digital twinning design method for garden landscape according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that step S200 includes:
s201: establishing node attributes for each landscape design element
Comprises the following steps:
wherein i represents the type of the landscape design elements, j represents the number of each landscape design element, G represents the attribute of the jth element in the ith landscape design element, and [ ID01] - [ IDij ] represents the code of the landscape design element;
s202: constructing numerical attributes of landscape design elements
Comprises the following steps:
wherein, V is represented as the geometric attribute information of the jth element in the i landscape design elements.
5. The digital twin design method of landscape architecture according to claim 4, wherein step S300 includes:
s301: analyzing spatial attributes of the planned area, comprising:
wherein Z is p Interpolating coordinates of the elevation points; n is the number of interpolation elevation points; p i Is the weight of the ith data point; z i Elevation for the ith data point;
s302: and (3) correcting the measurement result:
wherein, Δ h is a measurement result correction value; h is f Surveying the terrain for the unmanned aerial vehicle; h is a total of d Is the underwater topography detected by the depth finder.
6. The digital twinning design method of landscape architecture according to claim 5, wherein step S300 includes:
s303: establishing a topological relation among the node attribute, the numerical attribute and the planning area of each landscape design element, namely a DTLD model, and defining as follows:
7. the digital twinning design method for landscape architecture as claimed in claim 1, wherein step S300 includes:
s304: setting the sampling-back times, namely initializing a new training set as an empty set, circularly executing the sampling operation times, randomly selecting a pair of samples from landscape BIM and planning region terrain data each time the sampling operation is executed, copying the samples and adding the copied samples into the new training set;
s305: constructing an algorithm parameter search set, randomly segmenting samples in the training set into a training set with a proportion of 75% and a verification set with a proportion of 25% by using each element in the set as a group of specific parameters matched with an algorithm, and obtaining landscape BIM and a planning area terrain topological function;
s306: defining a loss function machine evaluation function matched with landscape area topographic data and a BIM model, carrying out training on a training set by using parameters, and calculating classification accuracy on a verification set;
s307: if the classification accuracy does not meet the requirement, returning to the step S304; if the classification accuracy meets the requirement, finishing training, and screening out the parameter corresponding to the highest classification accuracy on the verification set; and obtaining a landscape BIM and planning area terrain topological relation classification result value.
8. A digital twin design system of garden landscape is characterized by comprising a data barrier layer, a modeling calculation layer and an immersive experience layer three-layer framework; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the data protection layer comprises a GIS geographic information data acquisition module, a landscape design data module, a high-number data transmission module and a data management module, wherein the GIS geographic information data acquisition module is used for realizing aerial survey of a landscape planning region by means of an unmanned aerial vehicle and the like to obtain aerial survey topographic and geomorphic data, the landscape design data module is used for establishing BIM models of various landscape types, the high-number data transmission module is used for realizing real-time transmission interaction of the topographic data of the planning region and the BIM model data of various landscapes, and the data management module is used for storing, reading, modifying and updating PB-level big data generated by the digital twin design system;
the modeling calculation layer comprises a landscape area geographical and geomorphic environment physical module, a landscape object BIM module and a matching algorithm module, wherein the landscape area geographical and geomorphic environment physical module is used for carrying out fusion processing on corresponding GIS information of a planning area, matching and fusing aerial survey topographic and geomorphic data and GIS position coordinates to obtain a physical model of actual topographic data, the landscape object BIM module is used for establishing BIM models of broad-leaved forests, woodland trails, lawns, flower gardens, pavilions, running water and ponds, the matching algorithm module is used for fusing and simulating the BIM models and the actual physical models, and after a modification suggestion is provided by a user, scheme design can be revised in real time, and real-time simulation calculation is carried out;
the immersive experience layer comprises a three-dimensional virtual mapping module, a user interaction module and a virtual digital cluster module, wherein the three-dimensional virtual mapping module is used for three-dimensionally mapping a physical model and a virtual model simulation calculation result to obtain a design scheme effect diagram approaching a real environment, the user interaction module is used for interacting, scheme modifying, real-time calculating, updating and displaying with a design scheme through virtual reality wearable equipment, and the virtual digital cluster module is used for realizing multi-user cooperative interaction, design scheme reviewing, modifying, simulation calculating and updating.
9. An electronic device, comprising:
at least one processor, at least one memory, and a communication interface; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the processor, the memory and the communication interface are communicated with each other;
the memory stores program instructions executable by the processor, the processor invoking the program instructions to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 7.
10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
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