CN115033655A

CN115033655A - Urban and rural system map generation method and device, electronic equipment and readable storage medium

Info

Publication number: CN115033655A
Application number: CN202210948343.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 俞乐; 李曦煜
Original assignee: Tsinghua University
Current assignee: Tsinghua University
Priority date: 2022-08-09
Filing date: 2022-08-09
Publication date: 2022-09-09

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for generating a map of an urban and rural system, electronic equipment and a readable storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of obtaining population data and land data marked on the basis of map data of a target area, then determining land parameters of a built-up area on the basis of the land data, dividing urban and rural areas and urban and rural areas on the basis of the land parameters of the built-up area, the population data and the land surface coverage type distribution data, finally generating an urban and rural system map of the target area, and tightly combining human activity intensity with the land surface coverage type. The urban and rural system map shows a space evolution process of a target area from a wilderness to a village and finally to a city, accurately reflects the distribution of human activity intensity and earth surface coverage categories, and is beneficial to resource allocation and adjustment of economic development strategies.

Description

Urban and rural system map generation method and device, electronic equipment and readable storage medium

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of remote sensing information, in particular to a method and a device for generating a map of an urban and rural system, electronic equipment and a readable storage medium.

Background

From historical eye perspective, human activities have largely reshaped land surfaces, creating human habitats of diverse types. Cities are areas where human activities are the strongest, while wilderness are areas where humans are rarely present. There have been a number of studies that have been conducted intensively on one of the two based on remote sensing data. But none of them has an integrated continuous framework system to make an overall unified assessment of the land surface based on the intensity of human activity.

In the prior art, to facilitate technician observation and analysis, urban and rural areas are marked on a map based on geographic distribution. However, the map data generated in this manner is not accurate enough.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for generating a map of an urban and rural system, electronic equipment and a readable storage medium, which can solve the problem that the generated urban and rural map is not accurate enough and can clearly and accurately represent the distribution of surface coverage categories and human activity intensity on the map.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for generating a map of an urban and rural system, where the method includes:

acquiring population data and land data of a target area marked based on map data;

determining a built-up area land parameter based on the land data;

performing urban and rural area classification on a target area based on the established area land parameters and the population data to obtain urban and rural classification map data of the target area;

classifying the earth surface coverage area outside the urban and rural area based on the land data to acquire the urban and rural classified map data of the target area;

and generating an urban and rural system map of the target area based on the urban and rural classified map data and the urban and rural external classified map data of the target area.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for generating a map of a rural-urban system, where the apparatus includes:

the data acquisition module is used for acquiring population data and land data marked based on map data of a target area;

a parameter determination module for determining a built-up area land parameter based on the land data;

the urban and rural classification module is used for carrying out urban and rural area classification on a target area based on the established area land parameters and the population data to obtain urban and rural classification map data of the target area;

the outside-urban and rural classification module is used for classifying the earth surface coverage area outside the urban and rural area based on the land data to acquire outside-urban and rural classification map data of the target area;

and the drawing module is used for generating an urban and rural system map of the target area based on the urban and rural classified map data and the urban and rural external classified map data of the target area.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including: a processor and a memory, the processor executing a computer program stored in the memory implementing the method according to the first aspect.

In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a readable storage medium, wherein instructions that when executed by a processor of an apparatus, enable the apparatus to perform the method as described above.

The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:

according to the invention, population data and land data marked based on map data of a target area are obtained, then a land parameter of a built-up area is determined based on the land data, an urban and rural area and an urban and rural area are divided based on the land parameter of the built-up area, the population data and ground surface coverage category distribution data, and finally an urban and rural system map of the target area is generated. The urban and rural system map shows a space evolution process of a target area from the wilderness to the village and finally to the city, accurately reflects the ground surface coverage category and the distribution of human activity intensity, can accurately acquire the relationship between the two, and is favorable for resource allocation and adjustment of economic development strategies.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method for generating a map of a rural-urban system according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of an urban and rural system map generation apparatus according to the present invention;

fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, it should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present application, the processes related to acquiring various data are performed under the premise of complying with the policy of the data protection regulation corresponding to the country of the location, and obtaining the authorization given by the owner of the corresponding device.

From historical eye perspective, human activities have largely reshaped land surfaces, creating human habitats of varying types. Cities are areas where human activities are the strongest, while wilderness are areas where humans are rarely present. Many studies have been conducted intensively on one of the two based on remote sensing data. None of them has an integrated continuous framework system that makes an overall unified assessment of land surfaces based on the intensity of human activity.

Many researches focus on the important role of the integrated continuous framework system in the human residential area mapping research, but index selection in the mapping process is still the key of the research. In the prior art, to facilitate technician observation and analysis, urban and rural areas are marked on a map based on geographic distribution. However, the map data generated in this manner is not accurate enough. The population is regarded as a common index for dividing urban and rural areas, but the condition that the population is inconsistent with the urbanization level is usually ignored by only selecting the index. The scale and density of the built-up area are another common index, but the classification method cannot avoid the problem that the two indexes of the built-up area and the actual residential population are inconsistent. Therefore, existing single-index based methods generate map results that do not accurately reflect the distribution of human activity intensity and ground cover categories. If the population is taken as an index for dividing urban and rural areas, the condition that the population is inconsistent with the urbanization level is usually ignored by only selecting the index; when the scale and the density related to the built-up area are taken as indexes, the problem that the two indexes of the built-up area and the actual population of the living are inconsistent (such as the ghost, the hollow village and the like) cannot be avoided.

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for generating an urban and rural system map, which is characterized in that an urban and rural area in a target area is divided according to a certain rule based on acquired land and population data, urban and rural classified map data are obtained, then the classified map data of the ground surface coverage are further obtained according to the ground surface coverage area outside the urban and rural area and combined with the ground surface coverage category and the population data, the two map data are combined together for drawing, so that the urban and rural system map of the target area is generated, the transition change of the target area from the city to the countryside to the wild is realized on the map, the distribution and the relation of human activity intensity and ground surface coverage are fully reflected, and great help is brought to the adjustment of resource allocation and economic development strategies.

Referring to fig. 1, a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for generating a map of a rural-urban system according to the present invention is shown, where the method may include:

step 101, acquiring population data and land data of a target area marked based on map data.

The target area is an area in which the generation of the urban and rural system map is required.

The map data is data reflecting the planning distribution of the target area. The population data is also called demographic data, which is statistical data reflecting population distribution in different regions, and in the embodiment of the invention, the population data can be obtained through public data of government or legal public data sets, such as world population data and the like.

The land data is data which reflect states, characteristics, dynamic changes and distribution characteristics of a land utilization system and land utilization elements, development and utilization, improvement and reconstruction, management and protection, land utilization planning and the like of land by human beings, specifically can comprise surface covering type distribution data, a digital elevation model and the like, can be acquired through remote sensing images, and fully reflects landforms of target regions and human development conditions. Alternatively, the embodiments of the present invention adopt the land cover category divided by the global 30m land cover data set, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the global 30m land cover data set, and land cover data sets having the same or similar land cover categories may be used as well. The ground surface covering category comprises at least one of cultivated land, woodland, grassland, shrubbery, wetland, water body, moss, artificial ground surface, bare land, glacier and permanent snow.

The embodiment of the invention can acquire a digital elevation model through remote sensing images of a target area, such as a grid reading method, a digitizer hand tracking method, scanner semi-automatic acquisition and then a digital elevation model generated through interpolation; a digital elevation model of the target area may also be obtained from the published data set; of course, manual measurements and the like are not excluded.

The population data and the land data marked based on the map data mean that the marking of population quantity or density, the marking of ground surface coverage distribution and the building of a digital elevation model are carried out on each component corresponding to the target area, so that the subsequent data induction and division drawing of the urban and rural system map of the target area are facilitated.

And 102, determining a land parameter of the built-up area based on the land data.

The land parameters of the built area are used for measuring the proportion of areas which are suitable for being constructed in a certain regional range and are subjected to manual transformation or construction, and are simply used for measuring the development degree of the land in the certain regional range, so that the urbanization level in the certain region can be reflected to a great extent.

The areas suitable for construction refer to the areas defined in the overall plan where town development projects can be arranged, and are simply areas where there is the possibility of human activity and potential development value. Alternatively, in the above-described surface covering categories, the surface covering areas of the water body and the ice and snow are generally defined as areas unsuitable for construction in real production life in consideration of the characteristics of the water body and the ice and snow covering areas. Optionally, in the embodiment of the application, the terrain features of the target area, such as a slope, an undulation degree, an elevation and the like, may be calculated by combining with the digital elevation model, so as to further define an area suitable for construction. For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the slope data in the target area is smaller than a certain value, and the ground surface coverage type is defined as an area suitable for construction for a part other than a water body and ice and snow.

And determining an area suitable for construction, and calculating the land parameters of the constructed area by combining the distribution data of the constructed area in the land data. Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, the target area is divided into different blocks, and the different blocks are used as a unit processing area for subsequent data processing, as the name implies, the unit processing area refers to a minimum processing area for data processing in a map generation process. For example, the map of the target area is divided into grids with certain sizes, and then the urban and rural system map of the target area is determined based on the parameter calculation and classification result of each grid.

Optionally, in order to facilitate calculation and unified management of data, in the embodiment of the present application, scale transformation is performed on the obtained ground surface coverage type distribution data, for example, the obtained ground surface coverage type distribution data is a global 30m land coverage data set, considering that an influence error of human activities is too large due to too small unit scale of 30m, the unit scale may be adjusted to 1km, a target area is divided under the scale of 1km, a ratio of various types of ground surface coverage under a grid with the unit scale of 1km is calculated, and any shape such as a square grid which is convenient for subsequent processing may be adopted. Meanwhile, the scale of the acquired population distribution data is required to be consistent with the distribution data of the earth surface coverage type after scale transformation, and the population distribution data is required to be recalculated. And then dividing the occupied area of the built-up area on the map by the occupied area of the suitable built-up area on the map in each grid under the scale of 1km to obtain the built-up area parameters of each grid on the map of the target area.

The construction degree and the human activity intensity of the target area can be reflected to a certain extent through the land parameters of the constructed area, and the situation that the population of part of areas is inconsistent with the urbanization level can be avoided by further dividing the land parameters by combining population data.

103, performing urban and rural area classification on the target area based on the established area land parameters and the population data to obtain urban and rural classification map data of the target area.

The urban and rural areas refer to the gathering places of human activities, and the urban and rural classification map data refer to urban and rural area division of a target area presented through a map or a plan.

Optionally, the category of the urban and rural areas may include at least one of a city, a town and a country, which is also a popular classification method in China at present, and of course, other urban and rural classifications may exist based on different classification criteria, which is not limited in this application.

The urban and rural classified map data comprise urban and rural map classification results and aggregated urban and rural map classification results, wherein the aggregated urban and rural map refers to an aggregate of densely distributed urban and rural areas in the same category, and the specific division is determined according to the situation.

Performing urban and rural area classification according to the established area land parameters and population data of each unit processing area in the target area, wherein the urban and rural classification is divided on a map of the target area and comprises at least one of urban towns and villages; the method further comprises dividing the aggregated urban and rural areas on the map of the target area, wherein the aggregated urban and rural areas comprise at least one of aggregated cities, aggregated towns and aggregated villages and are used for identifying urban and rural aggregated distribution phenomena of the same category.

The classification standard of the urban and rural categories is determined by established area land parameters and population data, unit processing areas on a map forming a target area are classified according to a set population threshold and established area land parameter threshold, taking the target area formed by the 1km grids as an example, and taking the grid area with the population number more than or equal to 1500 or the established area parameters more than or equal to 0.35 in the 1km population grids as an urban area according to the international general urban and rural classification standard; the grid area with the parameters of the built area more than or equal to 0.2 and less than 0.35 in the 1km grid is a town area; the area of the grid with the parameters of the built area more than or equal to 0.05 and less than 0.2 in the 1km grid is a rural area. Certainly, according to different conditions possibly existing in different regions, the classification can be adjusted, for example, the limitation of population quantity can be added in the classification of cities and towns, and for example, if regions such as 'ghost city' and 'open city' which are high in development degree but rare in people exist, the parameter threshold value and the population quantity of the built-up region need to be adjusted simultaneously to perform the classification of the special cities and the special countryside, so that the consistency problem between the built-up region and the actual resident population is ensured, and the problem that the activity intensity of human beings and the ground surface coverage type are contradictory is avoided.

The classification of the aggregated urban and rural areas is determined by combining the number of the unit processing areas of the same urban and rural category which are mutually communicated on the map of the target area on the basis of the urban and rural classification result, wherein the communication means that the two unit processing areas can be directly connected through the common boundary of the two unit areas or indirectly connected through other unit processing areas. For example, area a is commonly bounded by area B, and area B is commonly bounded by area C, then areas A, B, C are interconnected. Of course, the definition of connectivity should be determined in real life in combination with the actual situation, and the one with the best effect should be selected.

Alternatively, when there are a plurality of interconnected grids, the area formed by the grids is an aggregated urban and rural area, for example, according to the standard applied in the international upper part, an aggregate of grid areas with each 1km population grid being greater than or equal to 1500 people and the number of interconnected 1km grids being greater than or equal to 34 is an aggregated city, an urban area within 4km of the aggregated city can be further classified as an urban landscape, and the rest of other urban grid areas are decentralized cities; the aggregation of grid areas with each 1km population grid being more than or equal to 300 people and the number of the interconnected 1km grids being more than or equal to 17 is an aggregated town, and the rest grid areas of other towns are scattered towns; similarly, each 1km population grid is greater than or equal to 20 people, the aggregation of the grid areas with the number of the interconnected 1km grids being greater than or equal to 5 is a gathering type village, and the rest other village grid areas are distributed villages. Of course, the criteria for the classification of the aggregated town and country may be adjusted according to actual conditions. The concentrated urban and rural areas and the corresponding dispersed urban and rural areas are divided, so that the mutual relation between human activities and constructed areas can be better reflected, and the problem that the human activity intensity displayed on a map is inconsistent with the indexes of the constructed areas can be avoided to a great extent through the adjustment of the concentrated urban and rural classification standards.

And 104, classifying the earth surface coverage area outside the urban and rural area based on the land data to acquire the urban and rural classified map data of the target area.

After the urban and rural areas are well divided, some areas with less unsorted population or low development degree still exist, and in order to better represent the relationship between human activities and the earth surface coverage types, earth surface coverage areas outside the urban and rural areas are classified according to earth surface coverage type distribution data in the land data and by combining the population data. The urban and rural outside classification map data comprises earth surface coverage categories, urban and rural outside human activity intensity and other classification results, wherein the other classification results comprise at least one of wilderness and independent villages.

The method comprises the steps that human activities are less in regions outside urban and rural regions, but human activities exist in regions with partial earth surface coverage categories, at least one of cultivated land, grassland and woodland is included, the cultivated land, the grassland and the woodland are firstly divided in consideration of the human activities and the earth surface coverage categories, for the earth surface coverage categories with coverage proportion larger than or equal to a first coverage proportion in a unit processing region, the earth surface coverage categories of the unit processing region on a map are determined to be the coverage categories with coverage proportion larger than a first coverage threshold, and the first coverage proportion is determined according to actual conditions. Taking a target area formed by 1km population grids as an example, if the coverage proportion of cultivated land in the grids is greater than or equal to 0.5, determining the ground surface coverage type of the grids as cultivated land; similarly, if the forest land coverage ratio in the grid is greater than or equal to 0.5, determining the ground surface coverage type of the grid as the forest land; and if the grassland coverage ratio in the grid is greater than or equal to 0.5, determining the ground surface coverage type of the grid as grassland.

Then, areas unsuitable for construction, such as ice, snow, water bodies and the like, are divided and determined according to the coverage proportion of the ground surface coverage type in the unit processing area. Taking a target area formed by 1km population grids as an example, if the water body coverage proportion in the grids is greater than or equal to 0.5, determining the earth surface coverage type of the grids as the water body; similarly, if the ice and snow coverage ratio in the grid is greater than or equal to 0.5, the ground surface coverage type of the grid is determined to be ice and snow. The adjustment of the proportion is subject to the actual situation in production and life.

In addition, the level of the non-urban and rural activity jump is further divided considering that human activities still exist in the ground surface coverage area outside the urban and rural areas, and the non-urban and rural human activity intensity may include at least one of human activity intensities of arable land, grassland, and woodland. And judging the population activity level of the region according to the population number in the unit processing region, wherein the activity level can be divided into three levels of living people, passing people and rare people. Taking a target area formed by a 1km population grid as an example, if the type of the grid is cultivated land, and when the population number in the grid is more than or equal to 1.2, the type of the grid is cultivated land occupied by people; when the population number in the grid is less than 1.2 and not less than 0.12, the grid is classified as cultivated land passed by people; when the number of people in the grid is less than 0.12, then the grid is classified as rarely arrived arable land. The woodland, grassland, water body and ice and snow can be subjected to population activity grade division according to the method for ploughing, and certainly, the threshold value of the population quantity is adjusted by combining the actual situation so as to better reflect the classification of human activity intensity and ground surface coverage types. However, considering that the water body and the ice and snow areas are not suitable for construction, the water body and the ice and snow areas can be classified into active population according to the situation.

Finally, since the types of ground surface coverage such as the shrubbery, the wetland, the tundra, the bare land and the like are relatively rare or regional, the areas with relatively large coverage proportion of the four types of ground surface coverage can be treated in the modes such as cultivated land, grassland, woodland, ice and snow, water bodies and the like.

If the coverage proportion of the shrubbery, the wetland, the moss and the bare land in the target area is extremely small, the shrubbery, the wetland, the moss and the bare land are uniformly classified into other categories to be processed to obtain other processing results, the other processing results comprise at least one of a wild field and an independent village, the independent village is used for representing the area far away from the urban and rural area, the population quantity of the urban and rural area is lower than that of the urban and rural area, and the wild field is used for representing the area with extremely low development degree and development value and rare people. The classification of the wasteland and the independent villages is determined by the coverage proportion and the population number of utilization land in a unit processing area, wherein the utilization land refers to an area consisting of a built-up area and cultivated land. Taking a target area formed by 1km population grids as an example, when the population number in the grids is not less than 12 or the utilization ratio is not less than 0.2, determining the types of the grids as independent villages; and when the utilization area proportion in the grid is less than 0.2 or the population number is less than 0.12, determining that the type of the grid is the wilderness. The above categories of the wilderness and the independent villages are only used for illustration, and the actual production life and the specific situation are subject to actual conditions.

According to the classification of the urban and rural outside ground surface coverage areas, the distribution of the urban and rural outside ground surface coverage is fully marked on the map, and the map is closely combined with the activity intensity of human beings, and the transformation from the wilderness to the woodland shown on the map is not only a change in space, but also a close relation between the distribution change of the ground surface coverage types in time and the activity intensity of human beings can be deduced from the change, so that the allocation of resources and the adjustment of economic development strategies are facilitated.

And 105, generating an urban and rural system map of the target area based on the urban and rural classified map data and the urban and rural external classified map data of the target area.

The urban and rural classified map data and the urban, rural and foreign map classified data are combined, computer generation is carried out through drawing software, and an urban and rural system map of a final target area from a wilderness, to a country and finally to a city can also be generated manually.

Optionally, the different regions in the map of the urban and rural system include cities, towns and villages in the urban and rural region and a plurality of ground surface coverage categories such as cultivated lands, forest lands, wildlands and the like in the urban and rural region, which can be marked on the map in different colors, and the urban and rural distribution of the target region and the distribution of the ground surface coverage categories outside the urban and rural regions can be clearly shown by means of the marking color description, so that the distribution and the relationship between the human activity intensity and the ground surface coverage categories can be accurately reflected.

The urban and rural system map generated based on the urban and rural classified map data and the urban and rural outside classified map data perfectly shows the progress of earth surface coverage from the wilderness, to the village, and finally to the city and human development, reflects the relationship between human activity intensity and earth surface coverage categories, as shown in fig. 2, can reflect inseparable close connection between human development and earth surface coverage categories from time in the evolution process of the earth surface coverage categories, and is greatly helpful for resource allocation and adjustment of economic development strategies.

Optionally, the determining a built-up area land parameter based on the land data of step 102 comprises:

step S201, dividing the target area into grids of fixed size on a map.

As described above, in order to facilitate the unified management of calculation and data, the target area is divided into grids of a fixed size on the map, and the grids of the fixed size are used as unit processing areas, so that the problem that too large drawing errors are caused by too small or too large unit processing area dimensions of the acquired population or land data is avoided.

Optionally, a current relatively accurate and comprehensive global 30m land cover data set can be used as reference data, considering that influence errors of human activities are too large due to the fact that the unit scale of 30m is too small, the unit scale can be adjusted to 1km, grids of a target area of 1km are divided under the scale of 1km, and the proportion of various types of land cover under the grids of the unit scale of 1km is calculated.

And S202, determining an area suitable for construction based on the gradient data in the land data and the distribution data of the ice, snow and water bodies.

The gradient data are acquired by a digital elevation model of the target area, and the gradient calculation formula is as follows:

，

wherein, S represents the gradient,

the amount of elevation change is represented,

indicating the amount of change in the horizontal direction.

Optionally, the ground surface coverage area with the slope smaller than the first slope threshold value and not the ice, snow and water in the screening target area is an area suitable for construction.

Step S203, calculating a land parameter of a built-up area of each grid based on the ratio of the area suitable for construction in the target area and the ratio of the built-up area in the target area; the built-on area land parameter is used to represent a proportion of built-on areas in each of the grid's areas that are eligible for construction.

The as-built area land parameter may also be referred to as an Adjusted as-built area land parameter (ABDI) in view of performing a parametric operation on a scaled map of the target area.

The adjusted land parameters of the built-up area are calculated according to the following formula:

，

wherein ABDI represents the as-built area land parameter of each grid, S _build Representing the proportion of the footprint of the built-up area in the grid, S _proper Representing the proportion of the footprint of a suitable area for construction in the same grid.

Optionally, in step S103, performing urban and rural area classification on the target area based on the built-up area land parameter and the population data to obtain urban and rural classification map data of the target area, including:

step S301, determining the population number of each grid based on the population data.

And determining the population number of each grid according to the scale conversion ratio of the unit processing area based on the acquired original population data of the target area.

Step S302, determining the urban and rural categories of each grid according to a first human mouth threshold value and a built-up area land parameter threshold value based on the built-up area land parameter and the population number of each grid, and obtaining urban and rural map classification results.

In order to make the actual population consistent with the two indexes of the built-up area, the urban and rural areas are divided together according to the land parameters of the built-up area and the population number of the grids.

Optionally, the created area land parameter thresholds include a first created area parameter threshold, a second created area parameter threshold, and a third created area parameter threshold. The built-up area parameter threshold is adjusted according to the actual condition in the display life, which is not limited in the application.

Optionally, in step S302, determining an urban and rural category of each grid according to a first population threshold and a built-up area land parameter threshold based on a built-up area land parameter and a population number of each grid, and obtaining an urban and rural map classification result includes:

step S3021, when the population number of the grid is not less than the first population threshold or the land parameter of the built-up area of the grid is not less than the first built-up area parameter threshold, determining that the urban and rural category of the grid on the map is a city.

Step S3022, when the land parameter of the built-up area of the grid is not less than the second built-up area parameter threshold and is less than the first built-up area parameter threshold, determining that the urban and rural category of the grid on the map is a town.

Step S3033, when the land parameter of the built-up area of the grid is not less than the third built-up area parameter threshold value and is less than the second built-up area parameter threshold value, determining the urban and rural category of the grid on the map as the village.

Wherein the first as-built area parameter threshold is greater than the second as-built area parameter threshold and greater than the third as-built area parameter threshold.

The use of the threshold values in the above steps S3021 to S3023 with respect to the population number and the built-up area parameters may be adjusted according to actual situations, and for example, the grid areas of the rural and urban categories may also be restricted by using the population number and the built-up area parameters at the same time.

Step S303, on the basis of the urban and rural map classification result, determining the aggregated urban and rural area on the map based on the connected number of the grids of the same urban and rural category, and obtaining the aggregated urban and rural map classification result.

The aggregation type urban and rural areas refer to aggregation of densely distributed urban and rural areas of the same category, and are determined by combining the number of interconnected grids of the same urban and rural category on the basis of urban and rural classification results and are used for representing the aggregation of the urban and rural areas within a certain range.

Optionally, on the basis of the classification result of the urban and rural map, determining the aggregated urban and rural area on the map based on the connected number of the grids of the same urban and rural category, and acquiring the classification result of the aggregated urban and rural map in step S303, including:

in step S3031, in the urban grid area divided in step S3021, it is determined that an area formed by a plurality of grids in which the number of mutually connected grids is greater than the first connection threshold is an aggregated city.

Step S3032, in the urban grid area divided in step S3022, determining that an area formed by a plurality of grids which are connected with each other and the number of which is greater than the second connection threshold value is an aggregated town.

Step S3033, in the urban grid area divided in step S3023, it is determined that an area formed by a plurality of grids which are connected with each other and have a number greater than the third connection threshold value is an aggregated village.

The selection of the first, second and third connectivity thresholds may be adjusted according to different target areas, or may be selected according to international criteria on aggregated cities, aggregated towns and aggregated villages.

Step S3034, determining that other urban and rural areas outside the aggregated urban and rural area are decentralized urban and rural areas.

The distributed urban and rural areas are used for representing urban and rural areas with sparser distribution, and can be further adjusted according to actual conditions, and the urban areas are divided into gathering cities, urban landscapes and distributed cities as described above.

Optionally, the step S104 of dividing the earth surface coverage area outside the urban and rural area based on the land data to obtain the urban and rural classification result of the target area includes:

step S1041, acquiring coverage proportions of the cultivated land, the forest land, the grassland, the water body and the ice and snow in the urban and rural grid area on the map based on the land data;

and determining the coverage proportion of intertillage land, forest land, grassland, water body and ice and snow in the grid area outside each urban and rural area based on the acquired original land data of the target area and according to the scale transformation proportion of the unit processing area.

Step S1042, in the area of the extra-urban and rural grid on the map, when the coverage proportion of one of the cultivated land, the woodland and the grassland is greater than a first coverage threshold, determining the earth surface coverage category of the grid on the map as the coverage category of which the coverage proportion is greater than the first coverage threshold.

Step S1043, in the outside urban and rural grid area on the map, when the coverage ratio of one of the ice, snow and water is greater than the second coverage threshold, determining that the ground surface coverage category of the grid on the map is the coverage category of which the coverage ratio is greater than the second coverage threshold.

The first coverage threshold and the second coverage threshold are generally greater than or equal to 0.5, and are used to set the ground surface coverage type with a large coverage ratio in the grid as the ground surface coverage type of the grid.

After the classification process of S1042 and S1043, there is only one coverage type in each grid, which reflects the main earth surface coverage category in each grid, and the earth surface coverage classification is presented integrally with the grid as a unit, so that the overall characteristics of the earth surface coverage classification can be obtained more easily.

Optionally, in the step 1042, in the outside-urban and rural grid area on the map, after determining that the ground surface coverage category of the grid on the map is the coverage category of which the coverage ratio is greater than the first coverage threshold when the coverage ratio of one of the arable land, the woodland and the grassland is greater than the first coverage threshold, dividing the ground surface coverage area outside the urban and rural area based on the land data, and obtaining the outside-urban and rural classification map data of the target area, further includes:

step S10421, dividing the human activity intensity of the urban and rural farmlands, grasslands and woodlands according to the population data; the surface human activity intensity comprises a farmland population activity level, a forest land population activity level and a grassland population activity level.

Optionally, the step 104 of dividing the ground surface coverage area outside the urban and rural area based on the land data to obtain the urban and rural outside classification map data of the target area further includes:

step S1044, aiming at the remaining grid areas with unknown types on the map, when the population number of the grid is greater than a second population threshold value or the coverage ratio of the utilization area in the grid is greater than a third coverage ratio, determining that the type of the grid is an independent village; and when the utilization ground coverage proportion in the grid is less than or equal to the third coverage proportion, the category of the grid is the wilderness.

The utilization place refers to a region consisting of a built-up area and cultivated land. Alternatively, the second population threshold may be 12, the third coverage ratio may be 0.2, and the second population threshold and the third coverage ratio may be determined according to the field situation according to the utilization area threshold commonly used in international ministry.

Optionally, after the step 105 of generating the urban and rural system map of the target area, the method further includes:

step S501, receiving a query request aiming at a target area;

step S502, responding to the query request, and acquiring and displaying the association information of the population of the target area and the earth surface coverage area.

Most of the existing urban and rural maps only show the terrain coverage information, urban and rural planning information or population distribution information of a certain area, but the ground surface coverage category and the human activity intensity cannot be integrated for showing.

The urban and rural system map generated by the embodiment of the invention shows the spatial change process of the target area from the wilderness to the city on the whole, and after the urban and rural system map is generated, an inquiry system based on the urban and rural system map can be further generated by utilizing an electronic computer for information inquiry and analysis, and the association information between the population of the target area and the ground surface coverage area can be obtained, for example, the comprehensive condition of ground surface coverage type distribution and population distribution of a certain place can be inquired, so that a user can be helped to better understand the relationship between the human activity intensity and the ground surface coverage type.

In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a method for generating an urban and rural system map, which includes obtaining population data and land data of a target area marked based on map data, then determining a land parameter of a built-up area based on the land data, dividing an urban and rural area and an urban and rural area based on the land parameter of the built-up area, the population data and ground surface coverage type distribution data, finally generating an urban and rural system map of the target area, and tightly combining human activity intensity and ground surface coverage type. The urban and rural system map shows a space evolution process of a target area from a wilderness to a grassland to a city, accurately reflects the distribution information of the earth surface coverage type and the human activity intensity, can accurately obtain the close relationship between the earth surface coverage type and the grassland, can fully reflect the evolution of the earth surface coverage type, deduces the close relationship between the distribution evolution of the earth surface coverage type and the human activity intensity from time, and is favorable for resource allocation and adjustment of economic development strategies.

It should be noted that for simplicity of description, the method embodiments are shown as a series of combinations of acts, but those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments are not limited by the order of acts, as some steps may occur in other orders or concurrently in accordance with the embodiments. Further, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are presently preferred and that no particular act is required to implement the invention.

Referring to fig. 2, a block diagram of an embodiment of an apparatus for generating a town and country system map according to the present invention is shown, where the apparatus 200 may include:

a data acquisition module 201, configured to acquire population data and land data of a target area marked based on map data;

a parameter determination module 202 for determining a built-up area land parameter based on the land data;

the urban and rural classification module 203 is used for carrying out urban and rural area classification on a target area based on the land parameters of the built-up area and the population data to obtain urban and rural classification map data of the target area;

the outside-urban and rural classification module 204 is used for classifying the earth surface coverage area outside the urban and rural area based on the land data to acquire outside-urban and rural classification map data of the target area;

and the drawing module 205 is configured to generate an urban and rural system map of the target area based on the urban and rural classification map data and the urban and rural external classification map data of the target area.

Optionally, the categories of surface coverage include ice and snow, water, and built-up areas;

the parameter determination module comprises:

the map gridding module is used for dividing the target area into grids with fixed sizes on a map;

the suitable construction area determining module is used for determining an area suitable for construction based on gradient data in the land data and the distribution data of the ice, snow and water bodies;

a parameter calculation module for calculating a built-up area land parameter of each grid based on the proportion of the area suitable for construction in the target area and the proportion of the built-up area in the target area; the established area land parameter is used to represent a proportion of established areas in each of the areas of the grid that are suitable for construction.

Optionally, the urban and rural classified map data includes urban and rural map classification results and aggregated urban and rural map classification results;

the urban and rural classification module comprises:

a grid population number determination module for determining the population number of each grid based on the population data;

the urban and rural area division module is used for determining the urban and rural category of each grid according to a first human mouth threshold value and a built-up area land parameter threshold value based on the built-up area land parameter and the population number of each grid, and acquiring an urban and rural map classification result; the urban and rural categories comprise cities, towns and villages;

and the aggregation type urban and rural area division module is used for determining the aggregation type urban and rural areas on the map based on the communication quantity of the grids of the same urban and rural category on the basis of the urban and rural map classification result and acquiring the aggregation type urban and rural map classification result.

Optionally, the established-area land parameter thresholds comprise a first established-area parameter threshold, a second established-area parameter threshold, and a third established-area parameter threshold;

the urban and rural area division module comprises:

the urban area determining module is used for determining that the urban and rural category of the grid on the map is a city when the population number of the grid is not less than the first population threshold or the land parameter of the built-up area of the grid is not less than the first built-up area parameter threshold;

a town region determination module, configured to determine that the town and country category of the grid on the map is a town when a built-up area land parameter of the grid is not less than the second built-up area parameter threshold and is less than the first built-up area parameter threshold;

and the village area determining module is used for determining that the urban and rural category of the grid on the map is a village when the established area land parameter of the grid is not less than the third established area parameter threshold and less than the second established area parameter threshold.

Optionally, the category of surface coverage further comprises at least one of arable land, woodland and grassland; the outside-urban and rural classified map data comprises earth surface coverage categories;

the outside classification module of town and country includes:

the grassland determining module is used for determining that the ground surface coverage category of the grids on the map is grassland when the coverage proportion of the grassland is larger than a first coverage threshold value in an urban and rural external grid area on the map;

the farmland determining module is used for determining that the earth surface coverage category of the grid on the map is farmland in an outside urban and rural grid area on the map when the coverage proportion of the farmland is greater than a first coverage threshold value;

the system comprises a woodland determining module, a judging module and a judging module, wherein the woodland determining module is used for determining that the ground surface coverage category of a grid on a map is a woodland when the coverage proportion of the woodland is larger than a first coverage threshold value in an urban and rural grid area on the map;

the ice and snow determining module is used for determining that the earth surface coverage category of the grids on the map is ice and snow when the coverage proportion of the ice and snow is greater than a second coverage threshold value in the outside urban and rural grid areas on the map;

and the water body determining module is used for determining that the earth surface coverage category of the grids on the map is the water body when the coverage proportion of the water body is greater than a second coverage threshold value in the urban and rural grid areas on the map.

Optionally, the outside-urban and rural classification map data further comprises outside-urban and rural human activity intensity, which comprises human activity intensity of cultivated land, grassland and woodland;

the grassland determining module is also used for dividing the human activity intensity of the grasslands outside urban and rural areas according to the population data;

the farmland determining module is also used for dividing the human activity intensity of the farmland outside urban and rural areas according to the population data;

the woodland determination module is further used for dividing the human activity intensity of the woodland outside the urban and rural areas according to the population data.

Optionally, the outside-urban and rural classification map data further includes other classification results outside urban and rural areas; the other classification results include at least one of a wilderness and an independent village;

the outside classification module of town and country still includes:

the other area classification module is used for determining that the type of the grids is an independent village when the population number of the grids is larger than a second population threshold value or the utilization area coverage ratio in the grids is larger than a third coverage ratio aiming at the grid areas with unknown types on the map; and when the utilization ground coverage proportion in the grid is less than or equal to the third coverage proportion, the type of the grid is the wilderness.

In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides a device for generating an urban and rural system map, which is configured to obtain population data and land data of a target area marked based on map data, determine a land parameter of a built-up area based on the land data, divide an urban and rural area and an urban and rural area based on the land parameter of the built-up area, the population data and ground surface coverage type distribution data, finally generate an urban and rural system map of the target area, and tightly combine human activity intensity and ground surface coverage type. The urban and rural system map shows a space evolution process of a target area from a wilderness to a grassland to a city, accurately reflects the distribution information of the earth surface coverage category and the human activity intensity, can accurately obtain the close relationship between the earth surface coverage category and the human activity intensity, can fully reflect the evolution of the earth surface coverage category, deduces the close relationship between the earth surface coverage category and the human activity intensity from time, and is favorable for resource allocation and adjustment of economic development strategies.

For the apparatus embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, it is described relatively simply, and for the relevant points, refer to the partial description of the method embodiment.

The embodiments in the present specification are all described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and portions that are the same and similar between the embodiments may be referred to each other.

With regard to the apparatus in the above-described embodiment, the specific manner in which each module performs the operation has been described in detail in the embodiment related to the method, and will not be elaborated here.

Referring to fig. 3, an electronic device 500 provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown, including: a processor 501, a memory 502 and a computer program stored on the memory 502 and executable on the processor 501, the computer program, when executed by the processor 501, implementing the steps of the method for generating a map of a town and country system as described in the method embodiments.

Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a readable storage medium, and instructions in the storage medium, when executed by a processor of an electronic device, enable the electronic device to perform the method for generating a town and country system map according to the foregoing embodiments.

The algorithms and displays presented herein are not inherently related to any particular computer, virtual machine, or other apparatus. Various general purpose systems may also be used with the teachings herein. The required structure for constructing such a system will be apparent from the description above. In addition, embodiments of the present disclosure are not directed to any particular programming language. It is appreciated that a variety of programming languages may be used to implement the teachings of the embodiments of the present disclosure as described herein, and any descriptions of specific languages are provided above to disclose the best modes of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. However, it is understood that embodiments of the disclosure may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.

Similarly, it should be appreciated that in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the disclosure, various features of the embodiments of the disclosure are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various inventive aspects. However, the disclosed method should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that: that is, claimed embodiments of the disclosure require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of an embodiment of this disclosure.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules in the devices in an embodiment may be adaptively changed and arranged in one or more devices different from the embodiment. The modules or units or components of the embodiments may be combined into one module or unit or component, and furthermore they may be divided into a plurality of sub-modules or sub-units or sub-components. All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and all of the processes or elements of any method or apparatus so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or processes or elements are mutually exclusive. Each feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings) may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise.

The various component embodiments of the disclosure may be implemented in hardware, or in software modules running on one or more processors, or in a combination thereof. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that a microprocessor or Digital Signal Processor (DSP) may be used in practice to implement some or all of the functions of some or all of the components in a sequencing device according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Embodiments of the present disclosure may also be implemented as an apparatus or device program for performing a portion or all of the methods described herein. Such programs implementing embodiments of the present disclosure may be stored on a computer readable medium or may be in the form of one or more signals. Such a signal may be downloaded from an internet website or provided on a carrier signal or in any other form.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit embodiments of the disclosure, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. Embodiments of the disclosure may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The usage of the words first, second and third, etcetera do not indicate any ordering. These words may be interpreted as names.

It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and is not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present disclosure, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that are made within the spirit and principle of the embodiments of the present disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

The above description is only a specific implementation of the embodiments of the present disclosure, but the scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered by the scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for generating a map of a town and country system is characterized by comprising the following steps:

determining a built-up area land parameter based on the land data;

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the categories of surface coverage areas include ice and snow, water bodies, and built-up areas;

the determining established area land parameters based on the land data includes:

dividing the target area into grids of fixed size on a map;

determining an area suitable for construction based on gradient data in the land data and distribution data of the ice, snow and water bodies;

calculating a built-up area land parameter for each of the grids based on the proportion of the area suitable for construction in the target area and the proportion of the built-up area in the target area; the established area land parameter is used to represent a proportion of established areas in each of the areas of the grid that are suitable for construction.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the urban and rural classification map data comprises urban and rural map classification results and aggregated urban and rural map classification results;

the urban and rural area classification is carried out on the target area based on the established area land parameters and the population data, and urban and rural classification map data of the target area are obtained, and the method comprises the following steps:

determining a population count for each grid based on the demographic data;

determining the urban and rural category of each grid according to a first human mouth threshold value and a built-up area land parameter threshold value based on the built-up area land parameter and the population number of each grid, and acquiring an urban and rural map classification result; the urban and rural categories comprise cities, towns and villages;

on the basis of the urban and rural map classification result, the aggregated urban and rural area on the map is determined based on the connected number of grids of the same urban and rural category, and the aggregated urban and rural map classification result is obtained.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the established-area land parameter thresholds include a first established-area parameter threshold, a second established-area parameter threshold, and a third established-area parameter threshold;

the method for obtaining the urban and rural map classification result comprises the following steps of determining the urban and rural category of each grid according to a first human mouth threshold value and a built-up area land parameter threshold value based on the built-up area land parameter and the population number of each grid, and obtaining the urban and rural map classification result, wherein the urban and rural map classification result comprises the following steps:

when the population number of the grid is not less than the first population threshold or the established area land parameter of the grid is not less than the first established area parameter threshold, determining the urban and rural category of the grid on the map as a city;

when the land parameter of the built-up area of the grid is not less than the second built-up area parameter threshold value and is less than the first built-up area parameter threshold value, determining that the urban and rural category of the grid on the map is a town;

and when the established area land parameter of the grid is not less than the third established area parameter threshold value and less than the second established area parameter threshold value, determining that the urban and rural category of the grid on the map is a village.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the categories of surface coverage areas further comprise at least one of arable land, woodland, and grassland; the outside-urban and rural classified map data comprises earth surface coverage categories;

the land data-based land surface coverage area outside the urban and rural area is divided, and the urban and rural outside classification result of the target area is obtained, wherein the land data-based land surface coverage area comprises the following steps:

acquiring coverage proportions of the cultivated land, the forest land, the grassland, the water body and the ice and snow in the grid area outside the urban and rural areas based on the land data;

in an urban and rural grid area on a map, when the coverage proportion of one of arable land, woodland and grassland is larger than a first coverage threshold, determining the ground surface coverage category of the grid on the map as the coverage category of which the coverage proportion is larger than the first coverage threshold;

and in the urban and rural outside grid area on the map, when the coverage proportion of one of the ice, the snow and the water is greater than a second coverage threshold, determining the ground surface coverage type of the grid on the map as the coverage class of which the coverage proportion is greater than the second coverage threshold.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the out-of-town classification map data further includes out-of-town human activity intensity; the outside-urban and rural human activity intensity comprises the human activity intensity of cultivated land, grassland and woodland;

in the extra-urban and rural grid area on the map, when the coverage proportion of one of the arable land, the woodland and the grassland is greater than a first coverage threshold, after determining that the earth surface coverage category of the grid on the map is the coverage category of which the coverage proportion is greater than the first coverage threshold, classifying the earth surface coverage area outside the urban and rural area based on the land data to obtain the extra-urban and rural classified map data of the target area, the method further includes:

and dividing the human activity intensity of the urban and rural farmlands, the grasslands and the woodlands according to the population data.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the out-of-town classification map data further includes other classification results out of town and country; the other classification results include at least one of a wilderness and an independent village;

the land data-based land surface coverage area outside the urban and rural area is classified, and urban and rural classified map data of the target area is obtained, further comprising:

for the grid area with unknown types left on the map, when the population number of the grid is larger than a second population threshold value or the utilization area coverage ratio in the grid is larger than a third coverage ratio, determining that the type of the grid is an independent village; and when the utilization ground coverage proportion in the grid is less than or equal to the third coverage proportion, the category of the grid is the wilderness.

8. The method of claim 1, after generating the urban and rural system map of the target area, further comprising:

receiving a query request for a target area;

and responding to the query request, and acquiring the association information of the population of the target area and the surface coverage area for displaying.

9. The utility model provides a device for generating town and country system map which characterized in that includes:

the urban and rural classification module is used for carrying out urban and rural area classification on a target area based on the land parameters of the built-up area and the population data to obtain urban and rural classification map data of the target area;

10. An electronic device, comprising: a processor and a memory, the processor executing a computer program stored in the memory implementing the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.

11. A readable storage medium, wherein instructions in the storage medium, when executed by a processor of an apparatus, enable the apparatus to perform the method of any of method claims 1 to 8.