CN114978317A - Method for realizing 1553B bus long-distance transmission through optical fiber - Google Patents
Method for realizing 1553B bus long-distance transmission through optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for realizing remote transmission of a 1553B bus through optical fibers, which realizes transmission of the 1553B bus through the optical fibers through two 1553B photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapters, and has the transmission distance reaching a thousand-meter level and strong interference resistance. A terminal resistor and a relay switch are designed in the adapter, transmission of a 1553B main cable and transmission of a stub line in two modes can be achieved, and topology requirements are met. The signals transmitted and received by the 1553B bus can be simply distinguished. A bus signal acquisition circuit is designed in the adapter to realize acquisition of 1553B bus voltage, the field programmable device detects the beginning and the end of a message through the 1553B bus signal and the acquired voltage value, eliminates the influence of message tailing, avoids message errors caused by transmission of tailing waveforms on a bus, shortens time delay, reduces the conversion time delay of the tailing waveforms to ns level, and is high in instantaneity. By adding the starting synchronous head and the ending synchronous head, 1553B bus signals are accurately identified and recovered from optical signals, and the influence of interference pulses is eliminated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of avionics, and particularly relates to a method for realizing 1553B bus long-distance transmission through optical fibers.
Background
The MIL-STD-1553B bus is a 1553B bus for short, and the 1553B bus is a time-division command/response type multiplex data bus in an airplane. The 1553B bus has the characteristics of determined transmission delay, reliable transmission capability, strong fault-tolerant capability and the like, and is high in communication efficiency and simple and convenient to modify, expand and maintain. The method is widely applied to the fields of aviation, aerospace, ships, missiles and the like.
The 1553B bus has two coupling modes: direct coupling and transformer coupling. Compared with direct coupling, the transformer coupling has better electrical isolation, impedance matching and higher noise suppression performance, and is more widely applied in practice. The 1553B bus uses a shielded twisted pair as a transmission medium, and in a transformer coupling mode, the length of a stub is less than 6 meters, the longest length of a main cable is generally less than 100 meters, and the transmission distance is limited. With the development of the technology, higher requirements are made on the transmission distance of the 1553B bus. If simulation and test of the whole 1553B bus system are required to be carried out in a laboratory or an external field at a distance between buildings even in a kilometer level, the requirement cannot be met by using twisted pairs as transmission media for main cables and short stubs of the current 1553B bus. The optical fiber has the advantages of long transmission distance, strong interference resistance and light weight, so that 1553B bus signals can be transmitted through the optical fiber, and the long-distance transmission of a 1553B main cable and a stub is realized. However, the transmission of 1553B bus signals through optical fibers has the following difficulties:
firstly, a 1553B bus signal is affected by factors of connection topology, transmission distance and environment temperature, and when bus transmission is finished, tailing exists, so that detection of a bus idle state is difficult due to the tailing, and if a tailing waveform is also forwarded, message errors of the whole 1553B bus system can be caused. Secondly, two differential signals of the 1553B bus are not completely inverted, when the bus is idle, the two signals are simultaneously low level, and the optical fiber is a single-ended signal, so that the 1553B bus signal is difficult to recover from the optical fiber signal. Finally, 1553B equipment is already shaped in most simulation tests of 1553B systems, the nonresponse overtime time of the RT cannot be modified, 14us is specified in GJB 289A, and the response time of general RT equipment is 6us, so that the photoelectric conversion delay and the bidirectional delay of optical fiber transmission are required to be less than 8us, namely the unidirectional delay is less than 4us, the high requirement on real-time performance is provided, and the realization is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the technology and provide a method for realizing remote transmission of a 1553B bus through an optical fiber, wherein a 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter is used for converting a 1553B bus signal into an optical signal and converting the optical signal into a 1553B bus signal, so that the 1553B bus is transmitted through the optical fiber, the transmission distance can reach a kilometre level, the anti-interference performance is high, and the problem that a 1553B main cable and a stub cannot carry out remote transmission is solved. Meanwhile, the influence of tailing can be eliminated, the beginning and the end of the message can be effectively identified, the recovery of the differential signal of the 1553B bus from the optical fiber signal can be simply and accurately realized, the conversion delay is small, and the real-time performance is high.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for realizing remote transmission of a 1553B bus through an optical fiber is characterized in that a 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter is used for converting a 1553B bus signal into an optical signal and converting the optical signal into a 1553B bus signal, so that the 1553B bus is transmitted through the optical fiber. The 1553B photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter is designed with two independent channels, and can realize photoelectric bidirectional conversion of one dual-redundant 1553B channel or two independent 1553B channels. The circuit comprises the following steps: the system comprises an isolation transformer, a 1553B transceiver, a terminal resistor, a relay switch and an optical module of a first channel, an isolation transformer, a 1553B transceiver, a terminal resistor, a relay switch, an optical module of a second channel, a bus signal acquisition circuit and a field programmable device. The field programmable device comprises: the system comprises a bus signal acquisition module, a 1553B signal to light signal conversion module and an optical signal to 1553B signal conversion module of a first channel, and a 1553B signal to light signal conversion module and an optical signal to 1553B signal conversion module of a second channel.
A method for realizing long-distance transmission of a 1553B bus through optical fibers is realized based on two 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapters, and the realization methods of the two adapters are completely the same. The first 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter is connected to a 1553B bus X, the second 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter is connected to a 1553B bus Y at the far end, and the two adapters are connected through optical fibers. The first 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter converts a 1553B bus X signal into an optical signal and transmits the optical signal to the second 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter through an optical fiber, and the second 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter converts the optical signal into a 1553B bus signal and transmits the 1553B bus signal to the 1553B bus Y. Similarly, the signal of the 1553B bus Y can be transmitted to the 1553B bus X through the optical fiber. The 1553B bus X is an original 1553B bus, the 1553B bus Y is an extended 1553B bus, and the 1553B bus Y can be externally connected with a plurality of terminal devices through couplers, so that the transmission distance between a 1553B main cable and a stub is extended.
A method for realizing 1553B bus long-distance transmission through optical fibers comprises the following steps:
and step 1, connecting the main cable or the stub of the coupler of the 1553B bus through an isolation transformer and a 1553B transceiver. The first 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter is connected to a main cable or a stub wire of a coupler of a 1553B bus X through an isolation transformer and a 1553B transceiver, receives a signal of the 1553B bus X, converts the signal into a digital signal and outputs the digital signal to a field programmable device, and the field programmable device processes and converts the 1553B bus signal.
And 2, connecting the terminal resistor. If the first 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter is connected to the main cable of 1553B, the relay switch is controlled to be closed, and the terminal resistor is connected to the tail end of the main cable of 1553B; if the relay switch is normally open when connected to the stub of the coupler, the termination resistor is not used.
And 3, acquiring 1553B bus signals. A1553B bus signal acquisition circuit in the 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter can acquire bus signal voltages of two 1553B channels simultaneously and output the acquired voltage values to a field programmable device.
And 4, converting the 1553B bus signal into an optical signal in the field programmable device, and outputting the optical signal to an optical module.
And a bus signal acquisition module in the first 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter realizes control on a 1553B bus signal acquisition circuit, receives the acquired voltage value, searches a zero voltage value of the bus and outputs the zero voltage value to a 1553B signal light conversion signal module. The 1553B signal-to-optical signal module distinguishes signals received and sent by a digital signal received by a 1553B transceiver, shapes waveforms, identifies the start and the end of a message, and converts a difference signal of 1553B added with a start synchronous head and an end synchronous head into an optical signal to be output to the optical module.
First, the 1553B bus receives and transmits signals are distinguished, because the 1553B transceiver can receive the received signal on the bus and the transmitted signal itself at the same time, and when the signals are transmitted as optical signals, only the signals received from the bus can be transmitted, and the transmitted signal itself cannot be transmitted through the optical fiber. The 1553B signal-to-light signal module outputs the sending enable mark to the 1553B signal-to-light signal module through the light signal-to-1553B signal module, and the 1553B signal-to-light signal module negates the sending enable mark as a receiving enable, and the sending enable mark is compared with a signal phase received by a 1553B transceiver, so that the sending signal and the receiving signal are simply and effectively distinguished.
Secondly, the waveform of the 1553B signal is shaped, the edges of two differential signals output by the 1553B transceiver are not completely aligned, the edges of the two differential signals are aligned through the waveform shaping, and then subsequent processing is carried out.
Then, the recognition of the beginning of the message, the addition of the start synchronization header, and the conversion into the optical signal output. The state of the 1553B differential signal is as follows: high, low, and idle states. When the 1553B two differential signals are detected to be high level or low level and the effective voltage values of N points are collected, the start of the message is obtained. And adding the received positive signal to a starting synchronous head to be output as an optical signal. In order to reduce the switching delay, the start sync header does not occupy the bus time and is transmitted as a front part signal of the first pulse of the message. And distinguishes between a high or low level of the first pulse of the message by two types of start sync headers.
And finally, identifying the end of the message, adding an end synchronization head, and finishing the forwarding of one message. And when the two 1553B differential signals are detected to be in a low level, namely an idle state, or the acquired voltage values in the range of N zero points are detected, the message is ended. And adding an end synchronization head to the received positive signal, and ending the forwarding of one message.
The starting and ending of the message are detected through the state of the 1553B differential signal and the acquired voltage value, the tailing influence can be effectively eliminated, and the phenomenon that the tailing waveform of the ending of the message is forwarded to cause the message error of the whole 1553B bus system is avoided. The start synchronous head is added at the beginning of the message, and the end synchronous head is added at the end of the message, so that the message can be effectively identified and recovered from the optical signal, and the interference pulse is eliminated.
And 5, converting the electrical signals into optical signals by an optical module of the first 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter, and transmitting the optical signals to the second 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter through optical fibers.
And 6, converting the optical signal received from the optical fiber into an electric signal by the optical module of the second 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter, and outputting the electric signal to the field programmable device.
And 7, converting the optical signal into a 1553B bus signal in the field programmable device, and outputting the 1553B bus signal to the 1553B transceiver and the isolation transformer.
An optical signal conversion 1553B signal module in the second 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter identifies an effective message by detecting an optical signal received from an optical module through a starting synchronization head and an ending synchronization head, eliminates interference pulses, restores the interference pulses into a differential signal of a 1553B bus, outputs the differential signal to a 1553B transceiver, and simultaneously outputs a sending enable mark to a 1553B signal conversion optical signal module.
First, detection of the sync header is initiated, the beginning of the message is identified, and the interference pulses are eliminated.
And secondly, recovering the 1553B bus differential signal, namely removing the initial synchronization head from the received optical signal to be used as a positive signal of the 1553B bus differential signal, inverting the signal between the initial synchronization head and the ending synchronization head, filling up the first pulse of the message to be used as a negative signal of the 1553B bus differential signal, and simply and accurately recovering the 1553B bus differential signal.
And finally, detecting the end of the synchronization head, identifying the end of the message, removing the end of the synchronization head, and finishing the forwarding of the message.
And 8, connecting the second 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter to a main cable or a stub of a coupler of the 1553B bus Y through the 1553B transceiver and the isolation transformer according to the step 1, and outputting a 1553B bus signal to the 1553B bus Y. And connecting the terminal resistor of the second 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter according to the step 2.
And 9, transmitting the signal of the 1553B bus Y to a 1553B bus X through an optical fiber. The two adapters are realized by the same method, and each adapter can convert 1553B bus signals into optical signals and convert the optical signals into 1553B bus signals. Similarly, the signals of the 1553B bus Y can be transmitted to the 1553B bus X through the optical fiber in the same manner as the steps, and one-time message transmission is finished.
And step 10, resetting errors of the 1553B signal to optical signal module and the optical signal to 1553B signal module in the adapter, generating a reset signal when detecting that the generated optical signal or the recovered 1553B signal has an error or the pulse width of the signal is incorrect, and resetting the 1553B signal to optical signal module and the optical signal to 1553B signal module to recover from the error.
The 1553B bus signals can be transmitted in a long distance through the optical fibers through the steps.
A method for realizing 1553B bus long-distance transmission through optical fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps: a terminal resistor and a relay switch are designed in the 1553B photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter, if the adapter is connected with a 1553B main cable, the relay switch is controlled to be closed, and the terminal resistor is connected to the tail end of the 1553B main cable; if the relay switch is normally open when connected to the stub of the coupler, the termination resistor is not used, thereby realizing long-distance transmission in a mode of 1553B main cables or stubs.
A method for realizing 1553B bus long-distance transmission through optical fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps: A1553B bus signal acquisition circuit is designed in the 1553B photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter and used for acquiring 1553B bus voltage.
A method for realizing 1553B bus long-distance transmission through optical fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps: the conversion from 1553B bus signals to optical signals and the conversion from optical signals to 1553B bus signals are realized in a field programmable device.
A method for realizing 1553B bus long-distance transmission through optical fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps: the 1553B bus distinguishes receiving and sending signals, the 1553B signal to 1553B signal conversion module outputs a sending enable mark to the 1553B signal to light signal conversion module through the light signal conversion module, the 1553B signal to light signal conversion module takes the negation of the sending enable mark as receiving enable, and the receiving enable mark is compared with a signal phase received by a 1553B transceiver, so that the sending and receiving signals are distinguished simply and effectively.
A method for realizing 1553B bus long-distance transmission through optical fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps: and shaping the waveform of the 1553B signal to align the edges of two differential signals of the 1553B transceiver.
A method for realizing 1553B bus long-distance transmission through optical fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps: the identification of the beginning and the end of the message, the state of the 1553B differential signal is as follows: the method comprises the steps of high level, low level and idle state, when two 1553B differential signals are detected to be high level or low level and effective voltage values of N collected points are detected, for the beginning of a message, the two 1553B differential signals are detected to be low level, namely idle state, or the voltage values in N collected zero point ranges are detected, for the ending of the message, the beginning and the ending of the message are detected through the state of the 1553B differential signals and the collected voltage values together, the trailing influence can be effectively eliminated, the trailing waveform at the end of the message is prevented from being forwarded, and the message error of the whole 1553B bus system is caused.
A method for realizing 1553B bus long-distance transmission through optical fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps: the adding of the initial synchronous head and the ending synchronous head is changed into an optical signal, the initial synchronous head is added at the beginning of the message, the ending synchronous head is added at the end of the message, thus effectively identifying the message from the optical signal and eliminating interference pulses, meanwhile, in order to shorten the conversion delay, the initial synchronous head does not occupy the bus time and is used as a front part signal of the first pulse of the message for transmission, and the first pulse of the message is distinguished to be high level or low level by the two types of the initial synchronous heads.
A method for realizing 1553B bus remote transmission through optical fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps: and recovering the 1553B bus signals, namely removing the start synchronization head and the end synchronization head from the received optical signals to be used as positive signals of 1553B bus differential signals, inverting the signals between the start synchronization head and the end synchronization head, filling up the first pulse of the message to be used as negative signals of the 1553B bus differential signals, and simply and accurately recovering the 1553B bus differential signals.
A method for realizing 1553B bus long-distance transmission through optical fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps: the conversion delay is little, and the real-time is high, and the conversion delay includes: the time delay of a hardware circuit and the conversion time delay of a field programmable device are shortened as much as possible, the time of a 1553B bus signal synchronization head is 3us, if the time delay is more than 3us by a method for detecting the synchronization head, the time delay is too large, the beginning and the end of a message are detected by the state of a 1553B differential signal and a voltage value acquired by a bus acquisition module, the time delay can be shortened, and the conversion time delay of the field programmable device is reduced to ns level and is less than 900 ns.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
through two 1553B photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapters, a 1553B bus is transmitted through optical fibers, the transmission distance can reach a kilometre level, and the anti-interference performance is high. A terminal resistor and a relay switch are designed in the adapter, so that long-distance transmission of a 1553B main cable and a stub line can be realized, and the application requirement of a 1553B bus topology is met. A bus signal acquisition circuit is designed in the adapter to acquire 1553B bus voltage. The start and end detection of the message is carried out by the 1553B signal and the acquired voltage value in the field programmable device, so that the influence of message tailing can be eliminated, the message error caused by the transmission of tailing waveforms on a bus is avoided, the time delay is shortened, and the conversion time delay of the field programmable device is reduced to ns level. Meanwhile, the 1553B bus signals can be more accurately and effectively identified and recovered from the optical signals in a mode of adding the starting synchronous head and the ending synchronous head, and the influence of interference pulses is eliminated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural block diagram of a 1553B photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic connection diagram for implementing 1553B bus long-distance transmission according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of converting 1553B signals into optical signals provided by the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of converting the optical signal provided by the present invention to a 1553B signal.
Detailed Description
The method for implementing 1553B bus long-distance transmission through optical fiber according to the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a schematic structure block diagram of a 1553B photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter of the present invention is a method for implementing a 1553B bus remote transmission through an optical fiber, and a 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter is used to implement conversion of a 1553B bus signal into an optical signal and conversion of the optical signal into a 1553B bus signal, thereby implementing transmission of a 1553B bus through an optical fiber. The 1553B photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter is designed with two independent channels, and can realize photoelectric bidirectional conversion of one path of dual redundant 1553B channel or two paths of independent 1553B channels. The circuit comprises the following steps: the system comprises an isolation transformer 1, a 1553B transceiver 2, a terminal resistor 14, a relay switch 15 and an optical module 11 of a first channel, an isolation transformer 3, a 1553B transceiver 4, a terminal resistor 16, a relay switch 17, an optical module 12 of a second channel, a bus signal acquisition circuit 5 and a field programmable device 13. The field programmable device 13 is composed of: the system comprises a bus signal acquisition module 6, a 1553B signal to light signal conversion module 7 and an optical signal to 1553B signal conversion module 8 of a first channel, a 1553B signal to light signal conversion module 9 and an optical signal to 1553B signal conversion module 10 of a second channel.
As shown in fig. 2, a schematic connection diagram for implementing remote transmission of a 1553B bus according to the present invention is a method for implementing remote transmission of a 1553B bus through an optical fiber, and is implemented based on two 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapters, and implementation manners of the two adapters are completely the same. The first 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter 20 is connected to a 1553B bus X, the second 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter 21 is connected to a 1553B bus Y at the far end, and the two adapters are connected through optical fibers. The first 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter 20 converts a 1553B bus X signal into an optical signal, transmits the optical signal to the second 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter 21 through an optical fiber, and the second 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter 21 converts the optical signal into a 1553B bus signal and transmits the 1553B bus signal to the 1553B bus Y. Similarly, signals of the 1553B bus Y can be transmitted to the 1553B bus X through optical fibers. The 1553B bus X is an original 1553B bus, the 1553B bus Y is an extended 1553B bus, and the 1553B bus Y can be externally connected with a plurality of terminal devices through couplers, so that the transmission distance between a 1553B main cable and a stub is extended.
Taking a terminal device on a 1553B bus X as a BC, a terminal device on a 1553B bus Y as an RT, sending a BCRT message to the RT by the BC, responding a status word to the BC by the RT, and explaining a method for realizing the long-distance transmission of the 1553B bus by using a first channel as an example, the detailed steps are as follows:
and step 1, connecting the transceiver 2 to a main cable or a stub of a coupler of a 1553B bus through an isolation transformer 1 and a 1553B transceiver. The first 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter 20 is connected to the stub of the main cable or coupler of 1553B bus X through the isolation transformer 1 and the 1553B transceiver 2. And receiving a command word and a data word of a BCRT message sent by BC on a 1553B bus X, converting the command word and the data word into digital signals and outputting the digital signals to the field programmable device 13, and processing and converting 1553B bus signals in the field programmable device 13.
And step 2, connecting the terminal resistor 14. If the first 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter 20 is connected to the main cable of the 1553B bus X, the relay switch 15 needs to be closed, and the terminating resistor 14 is connected to the tail end of the main cable of the 1553B bus X; if the relay switch 15 is connected to the stub of the 1553B bus X-coupler, the relay switch is normally open and the termination resistor 14 is not used.
And 3, acquiring 1553B bus signals. The 1553B bus signal acquisition circuit 5 in the 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter 20 can simultaneously acquire bus signal voltages of two 1553B channels and output the acquired voltage values to the field programmable device 13.
And 4, converting command words and data words in the BCRT messages sent by the BC on the 1553B bus X into optical signals in the field programmable device 13, and outputting the optical signals to the optical module 11.
The bus signal acquisition module 6 in the first 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter 20 controls the 1553B bus signal acquisition circuit 5, receives the acquired voltage value, searches for a zero voltage value of the bus, and outputs the zero voltage value to the 1553B signal light conversion signal module 7. The 1553B signal to optical signal conversion module 7 distinguishes the received 1553B transceiver 2 digital signal from the transmitted signal, shapes the waveform, identifies the start and end of the message, and adds the start synchronization head and the end synchronization head to the differential signal of 1553B to convert the differential signal into an optical signal and outputs the optical signal to the optical module 11 according to the flow of fig. 3.
First, the 1553B bus receives and transmits signals are distinguished, because the 1553B transceiver can receive the received signal on the bus and the transmitted signal itself at the same time, and when the signals are transmitted as optical signals, only the signals received from the bus can be transmitted, and the transmitted signal itself cannot be transmitted through the optical fiber. The transmitting enabling mark TXEN output by the optical signal conversion 1553B signal module 8 is transmitted to the 1553B signal conversion module 7, the 1553B signal conversion module 7 inverts the transmitting enabling mark TXEN to be used as receiving enabling, and the receiving enabling is compared with the signal phase received by the 1553B transceiver 2, so that the transmitting and receiving signals are simply and effectively distinguished, only command words and data words in received BCRT messages are reserved, and the own transmitting signals are filtered.
Secondly, the waveform of the 1553B signal is shaped, the edges of the two differential signals RX1 and RXN1 output by the 1553B transceiver 2 are not completely aligned, the edges of the two signals RX1 and RXN1 are aligned through the waveform shaping, and then the subsequent processing is performed.
Then, the recognition of the beginning of the message, the addition of the start synchronization header, and the conversion into the optical signal output. The state of the 1553B differential signal is as follows: high, low, and idle states. When the 1553B two differential signals RX1 and RXN1 are detected to be high level or low level and the effective voltage values of N points are collected, the start of the message is detected. And adding the received positive signal to a starting synchronous head to be output as an optical signal. In order to reduce the switching delay, the start sync header does not occupy the bus time and is transmitted as a front part signal of the first pulse of the message. And distinguishes between a high or low level of the first pulse of the message by two types of start sync headers. The first pulse of the command word is high and the first type of sync head is used for the initial sync head.
And finally, identifying the end of the message, adding an end synchronization head, and finishing the forwarding of one message. When the two 1553B differential signals RX1 and RXN1 are detected to be in a low level, namely an idle state, or the voltage values in the range of N collected zero points are detected, the message is ended. And adding an ending synchronization head to the received positive signal RX, and ending the forwarding of a message.
The starting and the ending of the message are detected by the state of the 1553B differential signal and the collected voltage value together, the tailing influence can be effectively eliminated, and the phenomenon that the tailing waveform of the ending of the message is forwarded to cause the message error of the whole 1553B bus system is avoided. The start synchronous head is added at the beginning of the message, and the end synchronous head is added at the end of the message, so that the message can be effectively identified and recovered from the optical signal, and the interference pulse is eliminated.
And step 5, the optical module 11 of the first 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter 20 converts the electrical signal into an optical signal, and transmits the command word and the data word of the BCRT message sent by the BC to the second 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter 21 through the optical fiber.
And 6, converting the optical signal received from the optical fiber into an electrical signal by the optical module 11 of the second 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter 21, and outputting the electrical signal to the field programmable device 13.
And 7, converting the optical signal into a 1553B bus signal in the field programmable device 13, and outputting the 1553B bus signal to the 1553B transceiver 2 and the isolation transformer 1.
The optical signal conversion 1553B signal module 8 in the second 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter 21 detects the optical signal received from the optical module 11 through the start synchronization head and the end synchronization head according to the flow of fig. 4, recognizes an effective message, eliminates interference pulses, restores the interference pulses to a 1553B bus differential signal, outputs the 1553B bus differential signal to the 1553B transceiver 2, and outputs a transmission enable flag TXEN to the 1553B signal conversion optical signal module 7.
First, detection of the sync header is initiated, the start of the BCRT message sent by the BC is identified, and the interference pulses are eliminated.
And secondly, recovering the 1553B bus differential signal, namely removing the initial synchronization head from the received optical signal FC _ RX1 to be used as a positive signal TX1 of the 1553B bus differential signal, inverting the signal between the initial synchronization head and the final synchronization head, supplementing the first pulse of the message to be used as a negative signal TXN1 of the 1553B bus differential signal, and simply and accurately recovering the 1553B bus differential signal.
And finally, detecting the end of the synchronization header, identifying the end of the BCRT message sent by the BC, removing the end synchronization header, and ending the forwarding of the command word and the data word of the BCRT message sent by the BC.
And 8, connecting the second 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter 21 to a main cable or a stub of a coupler of a 1553B bus Y through the 1553B transceiver 2 and the isolation transformer 1 according to the step 1, and outputting a 1553B bus signal to an RT of the 1553B bus Y. And connecting the terminal resistor 14 of the second 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter 21 according to the step 2.
And 9, transmitting the state word of the signal RT response of the 1553B bus Y to the 1553B bus X through the optical fiber. The two adapters are realized by the same method, and each adapter can convert 1553B bus signals into optical signals and convert the optical signals into 1553B bus signals. Similarly, the signals of the 1553B bus Y can be transmitted to the 1553B bus X through the optical fibers in the same manner as the steps, and are fed back to the BC on the 1553B bus X, and one-time message transmission is finished.
Step 10, resetting errors of the 1553B signal to optical signal module 7 and the optical signal to 1553B signal module 8 in the adapter, generating a reset signal when detecting that the generated optical signal or the recovered 1553B signal has an error or the pulse width of the signal is incorrect, and resetting the 1553B signal to optical signal module 7 and the optical signal to 1553B signal module 8 to recover from the error.
The BC on the 1553B bus X is communicated with the RT on the 1553B bus Y at the far end through the optical fiber through the steps, and the 1553B bus signal is transmitted in a long distance through the optical fiber.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for realizing 1553B bus long-distance transmission through optical fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps: the 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter is used for converting 1553B bus signals into optical signals and converting the optical signals into 1553B bus signals, so that the 1553B bus is transmitted through optical fibers, the 1553B photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter is provided with two independent channels, photoelectric bidirectional conversion of one path of dual-redundant 1553B channel or two paths of independent 1553B channels can be realized, and the circuit is composed of: the isolation transformer, 1553B transceiver, terminal resistor, relay switch, optical module of the first channel, the isolation transformer, 1553B transceiver, terminal resistor, relay switch, optical module of the second channel, bus signal acquisition circuit, and the field programmable device constitute, by in the field programmable device: the system comprises a bus signal acquisition module, a 1553B signal to light signal conversion module and an optical signal to 1553B signal conversion module of a first channel, a 1553B signal to light signal conversion module and an optical signal to 1553B signal conversion module of a second channel;
a method for realizing remote transmission of a 1553B bus through an optical fiber is realized based on two 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapters, the two adapters are completely the same in realization method, wherein a first 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter is connected to a 1553B bus X, a second 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter is connected to a 1553B bus Y at the far end, the two adapters are connected through the optical fiber, the first 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter converts a 1553B bus X signal into an optical signal and transmits the optical signal to the second 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter through the optical fiber, the second 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter converts the optical signal into a 1553B bus signal and transmits the 1553B bus signal to the 1553B bus Y, similarly, the 1553B bus Y signal can be transmitted to the 1553B bus X through the optical fiber, the 1553B bus X is the original 1553B bus, the 1553B bus Y is an extended 1553B bus, a plurality of terminal devices can be externally connected to the 1553B bus Y through the coupler, so that the transmission distance between a 1553B main cable and the stub is prolonged;
a method for realizing 1553B bus remote transmission through optical fibers comprises the following steps:
step 1, a first 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter is connected to a main cable or a stub of a coupler of a 1553B bus through an isolation transformer and a 1553B transceiver, the first 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter is connected to a stub of a main cable or a coupler of a 1553B bus X through the isolation transformer and the 1553B transceiver, a 1553B bus X signal is received and converted into a digital signal to be output to a field programmable device, and the 1553B bus signal is processed and converted in the field programmable device;
step 2, connecting terminal resistors, and if the first 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter is connected to the 1553B main cable, controlling a relay switch to be closed and connecting the terminal resistors to the tail end of the 1553B main cable; if the short section wire connected to the coupler is connected, the relay switch is normally open, and the terminal resistor is not used;
step 3, acquiring 1553B bus signals, wherein a 1553B bus signal acquisition circuit in the 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter can acquire bus signal voltages of two 1553B channels simultaneously and output acquired voltage values to a field programmable device;
step 4, converting 1553B bus signals into optical signals in the field programmable device, and outputting the optical signals to an optical module;
a bus signal acquisition module in a first 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter realizes control over a 1553B bus signal acquisition circuit, receives an acquired voltage value, searches a zero voltage value of a bus, outputs the zero voltage value to a 1553B signal light conversion signal module, the 1553B signal light conversion signal module distinguishes a digital signal received by a 1553B transceiver from a transmitted signal, shapes a waveform, identifies the start and the end of a message, adds a start synchronization head and an end synchronization head to a differential signal of 1553B, converts the differential signal into an optical signal and outputs the optical signal to an optical module;
firstly, a 1553B bus receives and sends signals, because a 1553B transceiver can receive a received signal on the bus and a sent signal per se at the same time, and only can forward the received signal from the bus when the signal is forwarded as an optical signal, the sent signal per se cannot be forwarded through an optical fiber, a sending enabling mark is output to a 1553B signal light conversion signal module through an optical signal light conversion 1553B signal module, the 1553B signal light conversion signal module takes the sending enabling mark as a receiving enabling mark, and the receiving enabling mark is compared with the signal phase of the received 1553B transceiver, so that the sent signal and the received signal are simply and effectively distinguished;
secondly, shaping the waveform of the 1553B signal, wherein the edges of the two differential signals output by the 1553B transceiver are not completely aligned, the edges of the two differential signals are aligned through the waveform shaping, and then subsequent processing is performed;
then, the message is identified, the initial synchronization head is added and converted into optical signal output, and the state of the 1553B differential signal is as follows: when detecting that two differential signals of 1553B are high level or low level and the effective voltage values of N points are collected, adding an initial synchronous head to a received positive signal for outputting as an optical signal for the beginning of a message, wherein the initial synchronous head does not occupy the bus time for shortening the conversion delay, is used as a front part signal of a first pulse of the message for transmission, and distinguishes the first pulse of the message as high level or low level through two types of initial synchronous heads;
finally, identifying the end of the message, adding an end synchronization head, completing the forwarding of the message, detecting that two differential signals of 1553B are in a low level state, namely an idle state, or when voltage values within N zero point ranges are acquired, finishing the message, adding the end synchronization head to the received positive signal, and finishing the forwarding of the message;
the start and the end of the message are detected by the state of the 1553B differential signal and the collected voltage value together, the tailing influence can be effectively eliminated, the tailing waveform of the end of the message is prevented from being forwarded, the whole 1553B bus system has message errors, a start synchronous head is added at the start of the message, and an end synchronous head is added at the end of the message, so that the message can be effectively identified and recovered from the optical signal, and interference pulses are eliminated;
step 5, converting the electrical signals into optical signals by an optical module of the first 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter, and transmitting the optical signals to the second 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter through optical fibers;
step 6, an optical module of the second 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter converts an optical signal received from the optical fiber into an electric signal and outputs the electric signal to the field programmable device;
step 7, the optical signal is converted into a 1553B bus signal in the field programmable device, and the 1553B bus signal is output to a 1553B transceiver and an isolation transformer;
an optical signal conversion 1553B signal module in the second 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter detects an optical signal received from an optical module through a starting synchronization head and an ending synchronization head, identifies an effective message, eliminates interference pulses, restores the interference pulses into a 1553B bus differential signal, outputs the 1553B bus differential signal to a 1553B transceiver, and simultaneously outputs a sending enabling mark to a 1553B signal conversion optical signal module;
firstly, detecting an initial synchronization head, identifying the beginning of a message, and eliminating interference pulses;
secondly, recovering 1553B bus differential signals, namely removing a starting synchronous head from received optical signals to serve as positive signals of the 1553B bus differential signals, inverting signals between the starting synchronous head and an ending synchronous head, filling up first pulses of messages to serve as negative signals of the 1553B bus differential signals, and simply and accurately recovering the 1553B bus differential signals;
finally, the detection of the end synchronization head is finished, the end of the message is identified, the end synchronization head is removed, and the forwarding of the message is finished;
step 8, connecting the second 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter to a main cable or a stub of a coupler of a 1553B bus Y through a 1553B transceiver and an isolation transformer according to the step 1, outputting a 1553B bus signal to the 1553B bus Y, and connecting a terminal resistor of the second 1553B bus photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter according to the step 2;
step 9, the signal of the 1553B bus Y is transmitted to the 1553B bus X through the optical fiber, the implementation methods of the two adapters are completely the same, each adapter can convert the 1553B bus signal into the optical signal and convert the optical signal into the 1553B bus signal, and similarly, the signal of the 1553B bus Y can be transmitted to the 1553B bus X through the optical fiber in the same manner of the steps, and one-time message transmission is finished;
step 10, resetting errors of a 1553B signal-to-optical signal module and an optical signal-to-1553B signal module in the adapter, generating a reset signal when detecting that the generated optical signal or the recovered 1553B signal has an error or the pulse width of the signal is incorrect, and resetting the 1553B signal-to-optical signal module and the optical signal-to-1553B signal module to recover from the error;
the 1553B bus signals can be transmitted in a long distance through the optical fibers through the steps.
2. A method for realizing 1553B bus long-distance transmission through optical fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps: a terminal resistor and a relay switch are designed in the 1553B photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter, if the adapter is connected with a 1553B main cable, the relay switch is controlled to be closed, and the terminal resistor is connected to the tail end of the 1553B main cable; if the relay switch is normally open when connected to the stub of the coupler, the termination resistor is not used, thereby realizing long-distance transmission in a mode of 1553B main cables or stubs.
3. A method for realizing 1553B bus long-distance transmission through optical fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps: A1553B bus signal acquisition circuit is designed in the 1553B photoelectric bidirectional conversion adapter and used for acquiring 1553B bus voltage.
4. A method for realizing 1553B bus long-distance transmission through optical fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps: the conversion from 1553B bus signals to optical signals and the conversion from optical signals to 1553B bus signals are realized in a field programmable device.
5. A method for realizing 1553B bus long-distance transmission through optical fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps: the 1553B bus distinguishes receiving and sending signals, the 1553B signal to 1553B signal conversion module outputs a sending enable mark to the 1553B signal to light signal conversion module through the light signal conversion module, the 1553B signal to light signal conversion module takes the negation of the sending enable mark as receiving enable, and the receiving enable mark is compared with a signal phase received by a 1553B transceiver, so that the sending and receiving signals are distinguished simply and effectively.
6. A method for realizing 1553B bus long-distance transmission through optical fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps: and shaping the waveform of the 1553B signal to align the edges of two differential signals of the 1553B transceiver.
7. A method for realizing 1553B bus long-distance transmission through optical fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps: the identification of the beginning and the end of the message, the state of the 1553B differential signal is as follows: the high level, the low level and the idle state, when detecting that two 1553B differential signals are high level or low level and collecting effective voltage values of N points, detecting that the two 1553B differential signals are simultaneously low level, namely the idle state, or collecting voltage values in N zero point ranges, detecting the start and the end of a message through the state of the 1553B differential signals and the collected voltage values together, effectively eliminating tailing influence, avoiding forwarding tailing waveforms at the end of the message and causing message errors of the whole 1553B bus system.
8. A method for realizing 1553B bus long-distance transmission through optical fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps: the adding of the initial synchronous head and the ending synchronous head is changed into an optical signal, the initial synchronous head is added at the beginning of the message, the ending synchronous head is added at the end of the message, thus effectively identifying the message from the optical signal and eliminating interference pulses, meanwhile, in order to shorten the conversion delay, the initial synchronous head does not occupy the bus time and is used as a front part signal of the first pulse of the message for transmission, and the first pulse of the message is distinguished to be high level or low level by the two types of the initial synchronous heads.
9. A method for realizing 1553B bus remote transmission through optical fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps: and recovering the 1553B bus signals, namely removing the start synchronization head and the end synchronization head from the received optical signals to be used as positive signals of 1553B bus differential signals, inverting the signals between the start synchronization head and the end synchronization head, filling up the first pulse of the message to be used as negative signals of the 1553B bus differential signals, and simply and accurately recovering the 1553B bus differential signals.
10. A method for realizing 1553B bus long-distance transmission through optical fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps: the conversion delay is little, and the real-time is high, and the conversion delay includes: the time delay of a hardware circuit and the conversion time delay of a field programmable device are shortened as much as possible, the time of a 1553B bus signal synchronization head is 3us, if the time delay is more than 3us by a method for detecting the synchronization head, the time delay is too large, the beginning and the end of a message are detected by the state of a 1553B differential signal and a voltage value acquired by a bus acquisition module, the time delay can be shortened, and the conversion time delay of the field programmable device is reduced to ns level and is less than 900 ns.
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