CN114927591A - Photovoltaic module - Google Patents
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- CN114927591A CN114927591A CN202110268308.4A CN202110268308A CN114927591A CN 114927591 A CN114927591 A CN 114927591A CN 202110268308 A CN202110268308 A CN 202110268308A CN 114927591 A CN114927591 A CN 114927591A
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- 238000013082 photovoltaic technology Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/044—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells including bypass diodes
- H01L31/0443—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells including bypass diodes comprising bypass diodes integrated or directly associated with the devices, e.g. bypass diodes integrated or formed in or on the same substrate as the photovoltaic cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
- H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photovoltaic module, which comprises: at least one first battery unit group, first battery unit group includes a plurality of first battery cell, and every first battery cell includes a plurality of first battery cluster, and every first battery cluster includes series connection and follows a plurality of N first battery pieces that the cluster direction of arranging was arranged, and N satisfies: n is more than or equal to 12 and less than or equal to 16; the first bypass diode group is arranged between two adjacent first battery units of the first battery unit group and comprises a plurality of first bypass diodes connected in parallel, and each first bypass diode is reversely connected with the corresponding first battery unit of the first battery unit group in parallel. According to the photovoltaic module, the plurality of first bypass diodes can play a role in shunting, failure risks are reduced, when part of the first bypass diodes of the first bypass diode groups are damaged, the rest first bypass diodes can play a role in protection, and the reliability of the module is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic manufacturing, in particular to a photovoltaic module.
Background
With the development of photovoltaic technology, users have higher and higher power requirements on photovoltaic modules, and the photovoltaic modules have larger and larger sizes. In the related art, when the size of a cell of a photovoltaic module is large, for example, up to 210mm, the current requirement on a diode is high, and an excessively high current will sharply increase the temperature of the diode, increase the failure risk of the diode, and affect the reliability of the photovoltaic module.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module, which can reduce the current requirement on the diode, reduce the failure risk of the diode, and thereby improve the reliability of the photovoltaic module.
A photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: at least one first battery unit group, first battery unit group includes a plurality of first battery unit, and is a plurality of first battery unit parallel connection just follows photovoltaic module's cluster direction of arranging is arranged in proper order, every first battery unit includes a plurality of first battery strings, and is a plurality of first battery string series connection and follow with the cluster direction of arranging vertically cell group direction of arranging arranges the direction and arranges, every first battery string includes series connection and follows a plurality of first battery pieces of N that the direction was arranged are arranged to the cluster, wherein, N satisfies: n is more than or equal to 12 and less than or equal to 16; at least one first bypass diode group, the first bypass diode group being disposed between two adjacent first battery cells of the first battery cell group, the first bypass diode group including a plurality of first bypass diodes connected in parallel, each of the first bypass diodes being connected in reverse parallel to the plurality of first battery cells of the corresponding first battery cell group.
According to the photovoltaic module provided by the embodiment of the invention, the number N of the first battery pieces of each first battery string is more than or equal to 12 and less than or equal to 16, the first bypass diode group comprising the plurality of first bypass diodes which are connected in parallel is arranged between two adjacent first battery units of the first battery cell group, and each first bypass diode is reversely connected in parallel with the plurality of first battery units of the corresponding first battery cell group; on the other hand, a plurality of first bypass diodes of the first bypass diode group can play an effective shunting role, the current requirement on the first bypass diodes can be reduced when the number of the first battery pieces is large and/or the size of the first battery pieces is large, the heat productivity of the first bypass diodes is small, the failure risk of the first bypass diodes can be reduced, the first bypass diodes with large current can be omitted, and the cost of the whole photovoltaic assembly can be reduced. In addition, when partial first bypass diodes of the first bypass diode group are damaged, all first battery pieces of the corresponding first battery cell group can still be effectively protected by the rest first bypass diodes in the first bypass diode group, and therefore the reliability of the photovoltaic module can be effectively improved.
According to some embodiments of the invention, at least one of the first bypass diodes of the first set of bypass diodes is laminated within the photovoltaic module.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the photovoltaic module further comprises: and the plurality of first bypass diodes of the first bypass diode group are all arranged in the junction box.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the number of the first cell stacks is three, the three first cell stacks are sequentially arranged along the cell stack arrangement direction, and each of the first cell stacks includes two first battery cells; the number of the junction boxes is three, the three junction boxes correspond to the three first battery cell groups one to one, each junction box is respectively located between two first battery cells of the corresponding first battery cell group, and one first bypass diode group is arranged in each junction box.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the first cell stack comprises two of the first battery cells; and a central bus bar is arranged between the two first battery units along the serial arrangement direction, and the central bus bar extends along the unit group arrangement direction.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the photovoltaic module further comprises: the second battery unit group, the second battery unit group with first battery unit group series connection, just the second battery unit group with first battery unit group is followed the direction of arranging of cell group is arranged, the second battery unit group includes a plurality of second battery cell, and is a plurality of second battery cell parallel connection just follows the direction of arranging in series is arranged in proper order, every the second battery cell includes a second battery cluster, the second battery cluster includes series connection and follows a plurality of second battery pieces that the direction of arranging in series, every the second battery cell the quantity of second battery piece is every first battery cell half of the quantity of first battery piece.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the second battery unit group comprises two second battery units, the two second battery units are respectively a first sub-string and a second sub-string, a lead bus bar is connected between one end of the first sub-string far away from the second sub-string and one end of the second sub-string far away from the first sub-string, the lead bus bar is electrically connected with the central bus bar, and the lead bus bar extends along the string arrangement direction.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the lead bus bar includes a first sub-lead bus bar and a second sub-lead bus bar, the first sub-lead bus bar having one end connected to the center bus bar and the other end connected to an end of the first sub-string remote from the center bus bar, the second sub-lead bus bar having one end connected to the first sub-lead bus bar and the other end connected to an end of the second sub-string remote from the center bus bar.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the center bus bar and the two second cell strings are electrically connected to a first connection point, the lead bus bar and the center bus bar are electrically connected to a second connection point, the photovoltaic module further comprises a second bypass diode group connected in anti-parallel between the first connection point and the second connection point, the second bypass diode group comprises a plurality of second bypass diodes connected in parallel, and each of the second bypass diodes is connected in anti-parallel with a plurality of the second cells of the corresponding second cell group.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the central bus bar is located in the middle of the pv module along the string arrangement direction, the central bus bar includes two first edge bus bars and at least one first middle bus bar, the first middle bus bar is located between the two first edge bus bars, one end of one of the two first edge bus bars is connected to the first cell string of the outermost first cell unit group adjacent to the edge of the pv module, and the other end is a negative lead-out end, the other end of the two first edge bus bars is connected to the lead bus bar, and the other end is a positive lead-out end, the first middle bus bar is connected between two adjacent first cell unit groups to realize the series connection of the two adjacent first cell unit groups, or between the first cell group and the second cell unit group to realize the adjacent first cell unit group A series connection of a tuple and the second cell stack.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the photovoltaic module has a width W, wherein W satisfies: w is more than or equal to 1040mm and less than or equal to 1450 mm.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the central bus bar is located in the middle of the photovoltaic module along the string arrangement direction, the central bus bar includes two second edge bus bars and at least one second middle bus bar, the second middle bus bar is located between the two second edge bus bars, one end of each second edge bus bar is connected to the first cell string adjacent to the edge of the photovoltaic module of the corresponding outermost first cell unit group, and the other end is a lead-out end, and the second middle bus bar is connected between the two adjacent first cell unit groups to realize series connection of the two adjacent first cell unit groups.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the back of the photovoltaic module is provided with at least one cross bar extending along the direction of arrangement of the cell groups, the cross bar being arranged adjacent to the central bus bar.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the photovoltaic module comprises a cell string layer, a front transparent plate and a back transparent plate, the front transparent plate is arranged on the front side of the cell string layer, the back transparent plate is arranged on the back side of the cell string layer, the cell string layer comprises the first cell unit group, and the outer peripheral sides of the cell string layer, the front transparent plate and the back transparent plate are provided with frames.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the number of the first bypass diodes of each of the first bypass diode groups is two or three.
According to some embodiments of the invention, each of the first battery pieces comprises: a cell body; the plurality of main grid lines are arranged on the battery piece body at intervals, and the number of the main grid lines on the front side of the battery piece body and the number of the main grid lines on the back side of the battery piece body are nine.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the area ratio of each first cell to the complete cell is S, wherein S satisfies: 1/6 is less than or equal to S is less than or equal to 1/2.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, each of the first battery cells is one half or one third of a complete battery cell, a length extending direction of each of the first battery cells is the cell group arrangement direction, and a width extending direction of each of the first battery cells is the string arrangement direction.
According to some embodiments of the invention, each of the first battery pieces has a length L 1 Wherein, said L 1 Satisfies the following conditions: l is more than or equal to 156mm 1 ≤240mm。
According to some embodiments of the invention, the L 1 Further satisfies the following conditions: l is more than or equal to 182mm 1 ≤240mm。
According to some embodiments of the invention, the minimum distance between two adjacent first battery pieces in each first battery string is L 2 Wherein, said L 2 Satisfies the following conditions: l is less than or equal to-1 mm 2 ≤1mm。
According to some embodiments of the present invention, a minimum distance between adjacent two of the first cell strings along the cell group arrangement direction is L 3 Wherein, said L 3 Satisfies the following conditions: l is not less than 1mm 3 ≤3mm。
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic front structural view of a photovoltaic module according to a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein the photovoltaic module is a single crystal double-glass frameless module;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the back side structure of the photovoltaic module shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of a photovoltaic module according to a second embodiment of the present invention, wherein the photovoltaic module is a polycrystalline double-glass frameless module;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the back side structure of the photovoltaic module shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a back side structure of a photovoltaic module according to a third embodiment of the present invention, wherein the photovoltaic module is a double-glazed double-sided framed module;
fig. 6 is a schematic back side view of a photovoltaic module according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, wherein the photovoltaic module is a dual-glass dual-sided frame assembly;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the back surface of a photovoltaic module according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, wherein the photovoltaic module is a single-glass crossbar-free module;
FIG. 8 is a schematic back side view of a photovoltaic module according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, wherein the photovoltaic module is a single glass with a crossbar assembly;
FIG. 9 is a schematic electrical circuit diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9a is an enlarged partial view of the photovoltaic module shown in FIG. 9;
FIG. 10 is a schematic circuit diagram of a photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10a is an enlarged partial view of the photovoltaic module shown in FIG. 10;
FIG. 11 is a schematic circuit diagram of a photovoltaic module according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic electrical circuit diagram of a photovoltaic module according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the trimming of a first cell sheet of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the cutting of a first cell piece of a photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
100: a photovoltaic module;
1: a first cell group; 11: a first battery cell;
111: a first battery string; 1111: a first cell sheet;
2: a first bypass diode group; 21: a first bypass diode;
3: a junction box; 4: a second cell group; 41: a second battery string; 411: a second cell;
5: a center bus bar; 51: a first edge bus bar segment; 52: a first middle bus bar section;
53: a second edge bus segment; 54: a second middle bus bar section;
6: a lead bus bar; 61: a first sub-lead bus bar; 62: a second sub-lead bus bar;
7: a second bypass diode group; 71: a second bypass diode;
8: a back plate; 81: a cross bar; 9: a frame; 10: and (6) completing the cell.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and the embodiments described with reference to the drawings are exemplary.
A photovoltaic module 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 14.
As shown in fig. 9 to 12, a photovoltaic module 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes at least one first cell group 1 and at least one first bypass diode group 2.
First battery unit group 1 includes a plurality of first battery units 11, a plurality of first battery units 11 parallel connection and arrange in proper order along photovoltaic module 100's cluster direction of arranging, every first battery unit 11 includes a plurality of first battery strings 111, a plurality of first battery strings 111 series connection and arrange along the group direction of arranging with the cluster direction vertically, every first battery string 111 includes a plurality of first battery slices 1111 of series connection and arranging along the cluster direction of arranging, wherein, N satisfies: n is more than or equal to 12 and less than or equal to 16. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more.
Here, it should be noted that the "string arrangement direction" may be understood as an arrangement direction (e.g., an up-down direction in fig. 9 to 12) of the plurality of first cells 1111 in the first cell string 111, and the "cell group arrangement direction" may be a direction (e.g., a left-right direction in fig. 9 to 12) perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the plurality of first cells 1111 in the first cell string 111.
For example, three first cell group 1 are shown in the example of fig. 11, the three first cell group 1 being arranged in sequence along the short side (i.e., the cell group arrangement direction) of the photovoltaic module 100, each first cell group 1 including two first cell units 11 connected in parallel and arranged along the long side of the photovoltaic module 100. Each first battery unit 11 includes two first battery strings 111 connected in series and arranged along a short side of the photovoltaic module 100, and the plurality of first battery slices 1111 in each first battery string 111 may linearly extend along a long side of the photovoltaic module 100. Therefore, the circuit of the photovoltaic module 100 is simple in design and convenient to process. Moreover, since N satisfies: n is more than or equal to 12 and less than or equal to 16, and the number of the first battery slices 1111 of each first battery string 111 is larger, so that the light receiving area of the whole photovoltaic module 100 can be increased, and the output power of the photovoltaic module 100 can be improved.
The first bypass diode group 2 is disposed between two adjacent first battery cells 11 of the first battery cell group 1, the first bypass diode group 2 includes a plurality of first bypass diodes 21 connected in parallel, and each first bypass diode 21 is connected in inverse parallel to each of the plurality of first battery cells 11 of the corresponding first battery cell group 1.
For example, in the example of fig. 11 and 12, each first bypass diode group 2 is provided between two first battery cells 11 of the same first battery cell group 1. Each first bypass diode group 2 includes three first bypass diodes 21, the three first bypass diodes 21 may be sequentially arranged along the long side of the photovoltaic module 100, and the three first bypass diodes 21 are connected in inverse parallel with the upper and lower two first battery cells 11.
Therefore, each first bypass diode 21 is connected in reverse parallel with the corresponding plurality of first battery units 11, and the first bypass diode 21 can realize a bypass function when the plurality of first battery slices 1111 of the first battery cell group 1 are shielded by a shadow, thereby avoiding a hot spot effect. Moreover, the circuit connection mode that so sets up can be applied to the first battery piece 1111 that the size is great and/or the quantity is more, compare with the traditional circuit connection mode that circuit from top to bottom connects in parallel with same bypass diode, when improving photovoltaic module 100's output, a plurality of first bypass diodes 21 can play better shunting, thereby can reduce the electric current requirement to first bypass diode 21, avoid first bypass diode 21's temperature sharp rising, greatly reduced first bypass diode 21's inefficacy risk, and can reduce first bypass diode 21's cost. In addition, when a part of the first bypass diodes 21 of the first bypass diode group 2 fails, the rest of the first bypass diodes 21 can still have a better protection effect, so that the reliability of the photovoltaic module 100 can be effectively improved.
It is shown in fig. 11 and 12 that the first bypass diode group 2 includes three first bypass diodes 21 connected in parallel for illustrative purposes, but it is obvious to those skilled in the art after reading the technical solution of the present application that the solution can be applied to other technical solutions of the number of first bypass diodes 21, for example, in the examples of fig. 9 and 10, the number of the first bypass diodes 21 of each first bypass diode group 2 can be two, and this also falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
According to the photovoltaic module 100 of the embodiment of the invention, the number N of the first battery pieces 1111 of each first battery string 111 satisfies 12 ≤ N ≤ 16, and the first bypass diode group 2 including the plurality of first bypass diodes 21 connected in parallel is arranged between two adjacent first battery cells 11 of the first battery cell group 1, and each first bypass diode 21 is connected in reverse parallel with the plurality of first battery cells 11 of the corresponding first battery cell group 1, on one hand, the number of the first battery pieces 1111 is large, and the output power of the photovoltaic module 100 can be effectively improved; on the other hand, the plurality of first bypass diodes 21 of the first bypass diode group 2 may play an effective shunting role, and when the number and/or size of the first battery slices 1111 are large, the current requirement on the first bypass diodes 21 may be reduced, so that the heat generation amount of the first bypass diodes 21 is small, thereby reducing the failure risk of the first bypass diodes 21, and the first bypass diodes 21 with large current may not be used, thereby reducing the cost of the whole photovoltaic module 100. In addition, when part of the first bypass diodes 21 of the first bypass diode group 2 are damaged, the rest of the first bypass diodes 21 in the first bypass diode group 2 can still effectively protect all the first battery slices 1111 of the corresponding first battery cell group 1, so that the reliability of the photovoltaic module 100 can be effectively improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, at least one first bypass diode 21 of the first bypass diode group 2 may be laminated within the photovoltaic module 100. From this, because photovoltaic module 100's thickness direction's both sides can all be equipped with the encapsulation glued membrane layer, through with at least one first bypass diode 21 lamination in photovoltaic module 100, can effectively separate above-mentioned at least one first bypass diode 21 with external environment to can effectively reduce steam and external environment to the influence of first bypass diode 21, further improve photovoltaic module 100's reliability.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 7 and 8 in combination with fig. 9-12, the photovoltaic module 100 further includes at least one junction box 3, and each of the plurality of first bypass diodes 21 of the first bypass diode group 2 is disposed in the junction box 3. For example, in the example of fig. 9 and 11, three first battery cell groups 1 and three first bypass diode groups 2 are shown, in which case, there may be three junction boxes 3, three junction boxes 3 correspond to the three first battery cell groups 1 one to one, each junction box 3 is located between two first battery cells 11 of the corresponding first battery cell group 1, and one first bypass diode group 2 is located in each junction box 3, so that the number of cables can be reduced, and junction temperature can be lowered by the split junction box 33. Therefore, by arranging the junction box 3, the junction box 3 can be used for accommodating a plurality of first bypass diodes 21, can protect the plurality of first bypass diodes 21 and cables well, prevents the service life of the first bypass diodes 21 from being influenced by impurities such as external water and dust entering the junction box 3, and can improve the reliability of the photovoltaic module 100.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 9 to 12, the first cell group 1 includes two first battery cells 11, and a center bus bar 5 is disposed between the two first battery cells 11 in the string arrangement direction, the center bus bar 5 extending in the cell group arrangement direction. From this, through setting up foretell center bus bar 5, center bus bar 5 can realize the parallel connection between two first battery unit 11 in the cluster direction of arranging, is favorable to reducing design and the technology degree of difficulty, and simple structure.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 10 and 12, the photovoltaic module 100 further includes a second cell stack 4, the second cell stack 4 is connected in series with the first cell stack 1, the second cell stack 4 is arranged with the first cell stack 1 along the stack arrangement direction, the second cell stack 4 includes a plurality of second cells, the plurality of second cells are connected in parallel and sequentially arranged along the string arrangement direction, each second cell includes a second cell string 41, the second cell string 41 includes a plurality of second cells 411 connected in series and arranged along the string arrangement direction, and the number of the second cells 411 of each second cell is half of the number of the first cells 1111 of each first cell 11. Therefore, by arranging the second cell unit group 4, the circuit connection mode of the photovoltaic module 100 is relatively simple, the width change of the module is small, the connection arrangement of large-size cell pieces can be realized by adopting conventional-width glass, and the problem that the photovoltaic module 100 generates load and is out of frame is avoided.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 10 and 12, the second battery cell group 4 includes two second battery cells, the two second battery cells 41 are a first sub-string and a second sub-string, respectively, a lead bus bar 6 is connected between one end of the first sub-string far from the second sub-string and one end of the second sub-string far from the first sub-string, the lead bus bar 6 is electrically connected to the central bus bar 5, and the lead bus bar 6 extends along the string arrangement direction. Thus, by providing the lead bus bar 6, the number of the second cells 411 is reduced while the current is maintained unchanged, so that the width of the photovoltaic module 100 can be reduced, and when the size of the cells (i.e., the first cell 1111 and the second cell 411) is large (e.g., 210mm), the installation area can be effectively saved. Moreover, the photovoltaic module 100 thus configured can increase the number of the photovoltaic modules 100 installed in the same installation area, so that the overall power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100 can be improved.
Further, referring to fig. 10 and 12, the lead bus bar 6 includes a first sub lead bus bar 61 and a second sub lead bus bar 62, the first sub lead bus bar 61 having one end connected to the center bus bar 5 and the other end connected to one end of the first sub string far from the center bus bar 5, the second sub lead bus bar 62 having one end connected to the first sub lead bus bar 61 and the other end connected to one end of the second sub string far from the center bus bar 5.
For example, in the examples of fig. 10 and 12, the first and second sub-lead bus bars 61 and 62 each extend in the string arrangement direction. The first sub-string is connected in series with the first sub-lead bus bar 61, and the first sub-string and the first sub-lead bus bar 61 are arranged along the short side of the photovoltaic module 100, the second sub-string is connected in series with the second sub-lead bus bar 62, and the first sub-string and the second sub-lead bus bar 62 are arranged along the short side of the photovoltaic module 100. Thus, by providing the first and second sub-lead bus bars 61 and 62 as described above, the first and second sub-lead bus bars 61 and 62 can be used to transmit electric current without affecting the overall occupied space of the second battery cell 411.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 10 and 12, the center bus bar 5 is electrically connected to the two second cell strings 41 at a first connection point, the lead bus bar 6 is electrically connected to the center bus bar 5 at a second connection point, the photovoltaic module 100 further includes a second bypass diode group 7, the second bypass diode group 7 is connected in inverse parallel between the first connection point and the second connection point, the second bypass diode group 7 includes a plurality of second bypass diodes 71 connected in parallel, and each second bypass diode 71 is connected in inverse parallel with each of a plurality of second cell units of the corresponding second cell group 4.
Thus, by providing the second bypass diode group 7 as described above, the plurality of second bypass diodes 71 of the second bypass diode group 7 can perform a bypass function when the plurality of second battery cells 411 of the second battery cell group 4 are shielded by a shadow, and the occurrence of a hot spot effect can be avoided. Moreover, the plurality of second bypass diodes 71 can perform an effective shunting function, so that the size of the second cell piece 411 can be larger (for example, 210mm), thereby improving the output power of the whole photovoltaic module 100, reducing the current requirement on the second bypass diodes 71, avoiding the temperature of the second bypass diodes 71 from rising sharply, greatly reducing the failure risk of the second bypass diodes 71, and reducing the cost of the second bypass diodes 71. In addition, when a part of the second bypass diodes 71 of the second bypass diode group 7 fails, the rest of the second bypass diodes 71 can still perform a better protection function, so that the reliability of the photovoltaic module 100 can be further improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 10, 10a and 12, the central bus bar 5 is located in the middle of the photovoltaic module 100 along the string arrangement direction, the central bus bar 5 includes two first edge bus bars 51 and at least one first middle bus bar 52, the first middle bus bar 52 is located between the two first edge bus bars 51, one end of one of the two first edge bus bars 51 is connected to the first cell string 111 of the outermost first cell group 1 adjacent to the edge of the photovoltaic module 100, and the other end is a negative lead-out end, one end of the other of the two first edge bus bars 51 is connected to the lead bus bar 6, and the other end is a positive lead-out end, the first middle bus bar 52 is connected between the adjacent two first cell groups 1 to achieve the series connection of the adjacent two first cell groups 1, or between the adjacent first cell group 1 and the second cell group 4 to achieve the adjacent first cell group 1 and the second cell group 4 The series connection of the cell stacks 4.
For example, in the examples of fig. 10, 10a and 12, the lead bus bar 6 is disposed adjacent an edge of the photovoltaic module 100. The center bus bar 5 includes two first edge bus bars 51 and two first middle bus bars 52, one of the two first middle bus bars 52 is connected between adjacent two first battery strings 111 of adjacent two first battery cell groups 1, and the other of the two first middle bus bars 52 is connected between adjacent first battery strings 111 and second battery strings 41. Therefore, by providing the first edge bus-bar section 51 and the first middle bus-bar section 52, the first edge bus-bar section 51 can effectively draw out the current generated by the photovoltaic effect from the first battery slices 1111 and the second battery slices 411, and the first middle bus-bar section 52 can realize the electrical connection between two adjacent battery cell groups (for example, two adjacent first battery cell groups 1 or two adjacent first battery cell groups 1 and second battery cell groups 4), so that the structure is simple and reliable. Wherein the width of the center bus bar 5 may be 5mm to 6mm (inclusive). But is not limited thereto.
In some optional embodiments of the present disclosure, the width of the photovoltaic module 100 is W, where W may satisfy: w is more than or equal to 1040mm and less than or equal to 1450 mm. For example, W may be 1100 mm. By the arrangement, the photovoltaic module 100 is ensured to have larger power, and meanwhile, the width of the glass of the whole photovoltaic module 100 can be effectively controlled not to be too large, so that the difficulty of glass manufacture procedure is reduced, and the cost of the glass is not affected.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 9, 9a and 11, the central bus bar 5 is located in the middle of the photovoltaic module 100 along the string arrangement direction, the central bus bar 5 includes two second edge bus bars 53 and at least one second middle bus bar 54, the second middle bus bar 54 is located between the two second edge bus bars 53, one end of each second edge bus bar 53 is connected to the first cell string 111 of the corresponding outermost first cell group 1 adjacent to the edge of the photovoltaic module 100, and the other end is a lead-out end, and the second middle bus bar 54 is connected between the adjacent two first cell groups 1 to realize the series connection of the adjacent two first cell groups 1.
For example, in the examples of fig. 9, 9a, and 11, the photovoltaic module 100 includes three first cell stacks 1 connected in series and arranged in the cell stack arrangement direction. The center bus bar 5 includes two second edge bus bars 53 and two second middle bus bars 54, and one end of the left second edge bus bar 53 is connected to the leftmost first cell string 111 and the other end is a negative lead-out terminal. One end of the right second edge bus bar 53 is connected to the rightmost first cell string 111, and the other end is a positive electrode lead-out terminal. Therefore, by arranging the second edge bus-bar section 53 and the second middle bus-bar section 54, the second edge bus-bar section 53 can also effectively lead out the current generated by the plurality of first battery slices 1111 through the photovoltaic effect, and the second middle bus-bar section 54 can realize the electrical connection between two adjacent first battery cell groups 1, and has a simple and reliable structure.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 8, the back of the photovoltaic module 100 is provided with at least one cross bar 81, the cross bar 81 extends along the arrangement direction of the cell groups, and the cross bar 81 is disposed adjacent to the central bus bar 5. For example, one cross bar 81 is shown in the example of fig. 8, and the cross bar 81 is provided on the back sheet 8 of the photovoltaic module 100, and the distance between the cross bar 81 and the center bus bar 5 is smaller with respect to the edge of the photovoltaic module 100 in the string arrangement direction. Therefore, by arranging the cross rod 81, the cross rod 81 can be arranged close to the center of the photovoltaic module 100, and the load of the photovoltaic module 100 can be effectively increased, so that the overall structure of the photovoltaic module 100 is more stable and reliable.
In the above embodiment, the cross bar 81 is taken as an example for explanation. One skilled in the art will appreciate that more than one crossbar 81 may be provided. For example, when the number of the cross bars 81 is two, the two cross bars 81 may be respectively located at both sides of the junction box 3, so that the load of the photovoltaic module 100 may be further increased.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 5 and 6, the photovoltaic module 100 includes a cell string layer, a front transparent plate and a back transparent plate, the front transparent plate is disposed on the front side of the cell string layer, the back transparent plate is disposed on the back side of the cell string layer, the cell string layer includes the first cell group 1, and the outer circumferential sides of the cell string layer, the front transparent plate and the back transparent plate are provided with a frame 9. The front surface refers to a main light receiving surface of the solar cell, that is, a surface of the cell or module directly receiving sunlight, and the back surface is a surface opposite to the front surface.
From this, through setting up foretell front transparent plate and back transparent plate, photovoltaic module 100 is dual glass assembly, when improving photovoltaic module 100's output, can avoid because steam, air etc. see through the front transparent plate and the back transparent plate gets into inside the subassembly and lead to the decay, and environmental friendly. Moreover, through setting up foretell frame 9, can improve dual glass assembly's structural strength, make dual glass assembly can bear great load to can improve dual glass assembly's long-term reliability.
In some embodiments of the invention, each first cell 1111 includes a cell body and a plurality of main grid lines, the plurality of main grid lines are spaced apart from each other and are disposed on the cell body, and the number of the main grid lines on the front surface of the cell body and the number of the main grid lines on the back surface of the cell body are nine. Therefore, by arranging the plurality of main grid lines, the plurality of main grid lines can collect and gather the current guided by the plurality of auxiliary grid lines. Moreover, the number of the main grid lines on the front side of the cell body and the number of the main grid lines on the back side of the cell body are nine, so that on one hand, the resistance can be effectively reduced, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved; on the other hand, the usage amount of the silver paste can be effectively reduced, so that the cost is reduced.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the ratio of the area of each first cell 1111 to the complete cell 10 is S, wherein S satisfies: 1/6 is less than or equal to S is less than or equal to 1/2. That is, each of the battery slices 1111 may be one-half to one-sixth of the complete battery slice 10. For example, the first cell piece 1111 may be formed by cutting the complete cell piece 10 in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the bus bars, or the first cell piece 1111 may be formed by cutting the complete cell piece 10 in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the bus bars and in a direction parallel to the extending direction of the bus bars. For example, when the first cell 1111 is one fourth of the complete cell 10, the first cell 1111 may be formed by cutting the complete cell 10 into four equal parts along a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the main grid lines, and the number of the main grid lines on the first cell 1111 is equal to the number of the main grid lines of the complete cell 10; or, the first battery slice 1111 may also be formed by dividing the complete battery slice 10 into two parts along the extending direction perpendicular to the main grid lines and cutting the whole battery slice into four equal parts along the extending direction parallel to the main grid lines, where the number of the main grid lines on the first battery slice 1111 is half of the number of the main grid lines of the complete battery slice 10. Therefore, compared with the use of the complete cell 10, the first cell 11111 can reduce internal loss, thereby increasing the output power of the photovoltaic module 100 and contributing to reducing the cost per watt.
In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 12 and 13, each of the first cell pieces 1111 may be one-half of the complete cell piece 10, a length extending direction of each of the first cell pieces 1111 is a cell group arrangement direction, and a width extending direction of each of the first cell pieces 1111 is a string arrangement direction. For example, in conjunction with fig. 13, the processing of the first battery slice 1111 may be implemented by laser scribing. Therefore, compared with the adoption of the complete cell 10, the internal loss of the photovoltaic module 100 can be reduced, and by adopting the circuit connection mode, the current of each first cell string 111 is reduced to be one half of the output current of the complete cell 10, and then the two first cell units 11 are connected in parallel, so that the output current of the photovoltaic module 100 is still the same as the output current when the complete cell 10 is adopted, the voltage reduction caused by the adoption of the half first cell 1111 is avoided, meanwhile, the internal loss can be reduced due to the current of the half first cell 1111, the output power of the photovoltaic module 100 is improved, and the reduction of the cost of a single watt is facilitated.
Of course, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that the first cell 1111 is not limited to being one-half of the complete cell 10, for example, in conjunction with fig. 14, the first cell 1111 may also be one-third of the complete cell 10. So set up, while improving the output of photovoltaic module 100, also can reduce single cost of watt.
Optionally, each first battery piece 1111 has a length L 1 Wherein, L 1 Can satisfy the following conditions: l is more than or equal to 156mm 1 Is less than or equal to 240 mm. From this, the length of first battery piece 1111 is great to can improve the effective light-emitting area of photovoltaic module 100, and then can improve the conversion efficiency and the output of photovoltaic module 100, effectively reduce the cost of single watt.
Further optionally, L 1 Further satisfies the following conditions: l is more than or equal to 182mm 1 Is less than or equal to 240 mm. By the arrangement, the length of the first cell 1111 is further increased, so that the output power of the photovoltaic module 100 can be further increased, and by the arrangement of the first bypass diode group 2, when the length of the first cell 1111 is large, the current requirement on the first bypass diode 21 can be effectively reduced, the risk of failure of the first bypass diode 21 is reduced, and the reliability of the photovoltaic module 100 is improved while the cost is reduced.
In the inventionIn some optional embodiments of the invention, the minimum distance between two adjacent first battery slices 1111 in each first battery string 111 is L 2 Wherein, L 2 Satisfies the following conditions: l is less than or equal to-1 mm 2 Less than or equal to 1 mm. Thereby, by making L 2 Satisfies the following conditions: l is less than or equal to-1 mm 2 Less than or equal to 1mm, the minimum distance between two adjacent first battery pieces 1111 in the first battery string 111 is less, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the unit area of the photovoltaic module 100 can be effectively improved, so that the output power of the photovoltaic module 100 can be further improved.
In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the minimum distance between two adjacent first cell strings 111 in the cell group arrangement direction is L 3 Wherein L is 3 Satisfies the following conditions: l is not less than 1mm 3 Is less than or equal to 3 mm. For example, when L is 3 If the minimum distance between two adjacent first cell strings 111 is too small < 1mm, sheet merging may occur due to movement of the first cell sheets 1111 during lamination of the photovoltaic module 100; when L is 3 In the range of > 3mm, the minimum distance between two adjacent first cell strings 111 is too large, and thus the power generation efficiency per unit area of the photovoltaic module 100 may be reduced. Thereby, by making L 3 Satisfies the following conditions: l is not less than 1mm 3 Is less than or equal to 3mm, and can effectively improve the output power of the photovoltaic module 100 while avoiding the occurrence of sheet combination in the lamination process.
Other constructions and operations of the photovoltaic module 100 according to embodiments of the present invention are known to those of ordinary skill in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, "the first feature" and "the second feature" may include one or more of the features.
In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in this application will be understood to be a specific case for those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (22)
1. A photovoltaic module, comprising:
at least one first battery unit group, first battery unit group includes a plurality of first battery cell, and is a plurality of first battery cell parallel connection just follows photovoltaic module's cluster direction of arranging arranges in proper order, every first battery cell includes a plurality of first battery strings, and is a plurality of first battery string series connection and follow with the cluster direction of arranging is arranged to the vertically unit of direction group and is arranged, every first battery string includes series connection and follows a plurality of first battery pieces of N that the direction was arranged are arranged to the cluster, wherein, N satisfies: n is more than or equal to 12 and less than or equal to 16;
at least one first bypass diode group, first bypass diode group establishes two of first battery cell group's neighbour between the first battery cell, first bypass diode group includes a plurality of first bypass diodes of parallel connection, every first bypass diode with correspond a plurality of first battery cell group first battery cell all antiparallel.
2. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first bypass diodes of the first set of bypass diodes is laminated within the photovoltaic module.
3. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, further comprising:
at least one junction box, a plurality of first bypass diodes of the first bypass diode group are all arranged in the junction box.
4. The pv module according to claim 3, wherein there are three of the first cell stacks, and three of the first cell stacks are arranged in sequence along the cell stack arrangement direction, and each of the first cell stacks includes two of the first cells;
the number of the junction boxes is three, the three junction boxes correspond to the three first battery cell groups one to one, each junction box is respectively located between two first battery cells of the corresponding first battery cell group, and one first bypass diode group is arranged in each junction box.
5. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein the first cell group includes two of the first cells;
and a central bus bar is arranged between the two first battery units along the serial arrangement direction, and the central bus bar extends along the unit group arrangement direction.
6. The photovoltaic module of claim 5, further comprising:
the second battery unit group, the second battery unit group with first battery unit group series connection, just the second battery unit group with first battery unit group follows the direction of arranging of group is arranged, the second battery unit group includes a plurality of second battery cells, and is a plurality of second battery cell parallel connection just follows the direction of arranging in series is arranged in proper order, every the second battery cell includes a second battery cluster, the second battery cluster includes series connection and follows a plurality of second battery pieces that the direction of arranging in series, every the second battery cell the quantity of second battery piece is every first battery cell half of the quantity of first battery piece.
7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, wherein the second cell unit group comprises two second cell units, the two second cell units are respectively a first sub-string and a second sub-string, a lead bus bar is connected between one end of the first sub-string far away from the second sub-string and one end of the second sub-string far away from the first sub-string, the lead bus bar is electrically connected with the central bus bar, and the lead bus bar extends along the string arrangement direction.
8. The photovoltaic module of claim 7, wherein the lead bus bar comprises a first sub-lead bus bar and a second sub-lead bus bar, the first sub-lead bus bar having one end connected to the center bus bar and the other end connected to an end of the first sub-string remote from the center bus bar, the second sub-lead bus bar having one end connected to the first sub-lead bus bar and the other end connected to an end of the second sub-string remote from the center bus bar.
9. The photovoltaic module of claim 7, wherein the center bus bar is electrically connected to two of the second cell strings at a first connection point, the lead bus bar is electrically connected to the center bus bar at a second connection point,
the photovoltaic module further comprises a second bypass diode group, the second bypass diode group is connected between the first connection point and the second connection point in an inverse parallel mode, the second bypass diode group comprises a plurality of second bypass diodes which are connected in parallel, and each second bypass diode is connected with a plurality of second battery units of the corresponding second battery unit group in an inverse parallel mode.
10. The pv module of claim 7 wherein the center bus bar is located in the middle of the pv module along the string direction, the center bus bar includes two first edge bus bars and at least one first middle bus bar, the first middle bus bar is located between the two first edge bus bars, one of the two first edge bus bars is connected to the first string of the outermost first cell group adjacent to the edge of the pv module at one end and has a negative lead terminal at the other end, the other of the two first edge bus bars is connected to the lead bus bar at one end and has a positive lead terminal at the other end, the first middle bus bar is connected between the two adjacent first cell groups to connect the two adjacent first cell groups in series, Or between the adjacent first and second cell stacks to enable series connection of the adjacent first and second cell stacks.
11. The photovoltaic module of claim 6, wherein the photovoltaic module has a width W, wherein W satisfies: w is more than or equal to 1040mm and less than or equal to 1450 mm.
12. The pv module according to claim 5, wherein the central bus bar is located in a middle portion of the pv module along the string arrangement direction, the central bus bar includes two second edge bus bars and at least one second middle bus bar, the second middle bus bar is located between the two second edge bus bars, one end of each second edge bus bar is connected to the first cell string of the corresponding outermost first cell group adjacent to the edge of the pv module, and the other end is a lead-out end, and the second middle bus bar is connected between the two adjacent first cell groups to realize serial connection of the two adjacent first cell groups.
13. The assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that the back of the assembly is provided with at least one cross bar extending in the direction of arrangement of the cell groups, the cross bar being arranged adjacent to the central bus bar.
14. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the photovoltaic module comprises a cell string layer, a front transparent plate and a back transparent plate, the front transparent plate is arranged on the front side of the cell string layer, the back transparent plate is arranged on the back side of the cell string layer, the cell string layer comprises the first cell group, and the outer peripheral sides of the cell string layer, the front transparent plate and the back transparent plate are provided with frames.
15. The photovoltaic module of any of claims 1-13 wherein the number of the first bypass diodes of each of the first bypass diode groups is two or three.
16. The photovoltaic module of any of claims 1-13, wherein each of the first cells comprises:
a cell body;
the main grid lines are arranged on the cell body at intervals, and the number of the main grid lines on the front side of the cell body and the number of the main grid lines on the back side of the cell body are nine.
17. The photovoltaic module of any of claims 1-13 wherein the ratio of the area of each first cell to the area of the complete cell is S, wherein S satisfies: 1/6 is less than or equal to S is less than or equal to 1/2.
18. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein each of the first cell pieces is one half or one third of a complete cell piece, the length extension direction of each of the first cell pieces is the cell group arrangement direction, and the width extension direction of each of the first cell pieces is the string arrangement direction.
19. The photovoltaic module of any of claims 1-13, wherein each of the first cell pieces has a length L 1 Wherein, said L 1 Satisfies the following conditions: l is more than or equal to 156mm 1 ≤240mm。
20. The photovoltaic module of claim 19, wherein L is 1 Further satisfies the following conditions: l is more than or equal to 182mm 1 ≤240mm。
21. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the minimum distance between two adjacent first cells in each first cell string is L 2 Wherein, said L 2 Satisfies the following conditions: l is less than or equal to-1 mm 2 ≤1mm。
22. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein a minimum distance between two adjacent first cell strings along the arrangement direction of the cell group is L 3 Wherein, said L 3 Satisfies the following conditions: l is not less than 1mm 3 ≤3mm。
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