CN114866478A - 1.5-layer block chain and operation method, device and readable storage medium thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
Provided are a 1.5-tier blockchain, a method of operating the same, an apparatus for operating the same, and a readable storage medium. Wherein the 1.5 layer block chain comprises a main chain and a subchain; the application program can be selectively created and deployed in the sub-chain, the sub-chain acquires transaction information generated by the specified application program, the transaction information is packaged into blocks, after the transaction information is packaged into the blocks, the new world state of the sub-chain is acquired by executing the transaction in the blocks, and the current world state of the sub-chain is updated according to the new world state; the main chain is used for monitoring the transaction on the sub-chain according to the stored anchor intelligent contract so as to enhance the safety of the sub-chain; wherein, the anchor intelligent contract records the rule followed by the sub-chain in governing; the cross-chain transaction can be directly issued and executed through the main chain, so that the quick cross-chain transaction is realized. The method and the device reduce node overhead of the block chain, improve the effect of the block chain in large-scale application, and avoid network congestion.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The present application relates to the field of block chains, and in particular, to a 1.5-layer block chain, and an operating method, an apparatus, and a readable storage medium thereof.
[ background of the invention ]
In the related art, the block chains can be divided into two types, i.e., a 1-layer block chain and a 2-layer block chain, according to the difference of the architecture. For a 1-layer blockchain, although the throughput of a blockchain system can be improved by increasing the block size, performing coding compression on transaction data, creating a payment channel under the chain, changing consensus and the like, the method does not support the distribution of transactions of different applications, and each node not only needs to store data related to all applications, but also needs to verify each transaction in the network, that is, the transaction of each application not only needs to perform whole-network broadcasting, but also needs to be performed and confirmed by each node, which has a poor effect in large-scale block chain application, and is easy to cause network congestion, thereby causing problems of high continuous charge and the like. For a 2-layer blockchain, applications can be deployed on different two-layer networks, although the main chain does not need to verify the transaction of each application and store data related to all the applications, the application transactions generated on the two-layer networks can be packaged only through one sequencer, optional virtual machines, tokens and consensus are not supported, and due to the fact that the main chain and the two-layer networks are isolated from each other, cross-chain transactions are inconvenient to use and slow in speed, or the scheme is complex and the support degree of the applications is low.
Therefore, there is a need for an improved structure of the above block chain.
[ summary of the invention ]
The application provides a 1.5-layer blockchain, an operation method and device thereof, and a readable storage medium, and aims to solve the problems that in the related art, the blockchain has a poor effect in large-scale application and is easy to cause network congestion.
In order to solve the technical problem, a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a 1.5-layer blockchain, including a main chain and a sub-chain;
the sub-chain is used for acquiring transaction information generated by a specified application program, packaging the transaction information into a block, acquiring a new world state of the sub-chain by executing a transaction in the block after packaging the transaction information into the block, and updating the current world state of the sub-chain according to the new world state;
the main chain is used for monitoring the transaction on the sub-chain according to the stored anchor intelligent contract; wherein, the anchor intelligent contract records the rules followed by the sub-chain governing.
A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an operation method for a 1.5-zone block chain, which is applied to the 1.5-zone block chain, where the 1.5-zone block chain includes a main chain and a sub-chain;
the operation method of the 1.5-layer block chain comprises the following steps:
the sub-chain acquires transaction information generated by a specified application program;
the child chain packaging the transaction information into blocks;
the subchain acquires a new world state of the subchain by executing the transaction in the block, and updates the current world state of the subchain according to the new world state;
the main chain monitors the transaction on the sub-chain according to the stored anchor intelligent contract; wherein, the anchor intelligent contract records the rules followed by the sub-chain governing.
A third aspect of embodiments of the present application provides an electronic device, including a storage and at least one processor; the storage device is configured to store at least one program, and when the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor is caused to perform the method for operating a 1.5-layer blockchain according to the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application.
A fourth aspect of embodiments of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon executable instructions that, when executed, perform a method of operating a 1.5-tier blockchain as described in the second aspect of embodiments of the present application.
As can be seen from the above description, the present application has the following advantages compared with the related art:
in practical application, an application program can be selectively created and deployed into the sub-chain, the sub-chain can firstly acquire transaction information generated by the specified application program and pack the acquired transaction information into blocks, then a new world state of the sub-chain is acquired by executing transactions in the blocks, and finally the current world state of the sub-chain is updated according to the new world state, and in the process, the main chain can monitor transactions on the sub-chain according to a stored anchor intelligent contract so as to enhance the safety of the sub-chain; wherein, the anchor intelligent contract records the rules followed by the child chain governing.
It can be understood that, because the sub-chain acquires the transaction information generated by the specified application program, the sub-chain has a corresponding relationship with the application program, that is, when the sub-chain includes more than one sub-chain, the application program only runs on the specified sub-chain, and the transaction related to the application program does not need to be executed by all nodes (including nodes of the main chain and nodes of all sub-chains) in the block chain, and only the nodes of the corresponding sub-chain are required to execute, so that the sub-chains run independently to a great extent, and the nodes can freely select the sub-chains and the number of the sub-chains to be subscribed, thereby reducing the node overhead of the block chain, further improving the effect of the block chain in large-scale application, and avoiding the occurrence of network congestion. In addition, different sub-chains can be registered on the main chain, and cross-chain transaction can be directly issued and executed through the main chain, so that the method and the system can well realize the quick cross-chain transaction.
[ description of the drawings ]
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the related art or the embodiments of the present application, the drawings used in the description of the related art or the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments, and that other drawings may be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic architecture diagram of a 1.5-layer block chain provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for operating a 1.5-zone blockchain according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a computer-readable storage medium according to an embodiment of the present application.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent and understandable, the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application and the corresponding drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application described below are only used for explaining the present application and are not used for limiting the present application, that is, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present application belong to the protection scope of the present application. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present application described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The block chain is a chain composed of a plurality of blocks. Each block stores certain information, the blocks are connected into a chain according to the sequence of the time generated by each block, the chain is stored in all servers, and the whole block chain is safe as long as one server in the whole block chain system can work. These servers, referred to as nodes in the blockchain system, provide storage space and computational support for the entire blockchain system. If the information in the block chain is required to be modified, the consent of more than half of the nodes must be proved, and the information in all the nodes also needs to be modified, and since the nodes are usually held in different hands of subjects, the information in the block chain is extremely difficult to tamper with. Compared with the traditional network, the block chain has two core characteristics, one is that data is difficult to tamper, and the other is decentralized, and based on the two core characteristics, the information recorded by the block chain is more real and reliable, so that the problem of mutual distrust can be effectively solved.
In the related art, the block chains can be divided into two types, i.e., a 1-layer block chain and a 2-layer block chain, according to the difference of the architecture. For a 1-layer blockchain, although the throughput of a blockchain system can be improved by increasing the size of a block, performing coding compression on transaction data, creating a payment channel under the chain, changing consensus and the like, the method does not support the splitting of transactions of different applications, and each node not only needs to store data related to all applications, but also needs to verify each transaction in the network, that is, the transaction of each application not only needs to be broadcasted over the whole network, but also needs to be confirmed by each node, which has a poor effect in large-scale application of the blockchain, and easily causes network congestion, thereby causing problems of high commission charges and the like. For a 2-layer blockchain, applications can be deployed on different two-layer networks, although the main chain does not need to verify the transaction of each application and store data related to all the applications, the application transactions generated on the two-layer networks can be packaged only through one sequencer, optional virtual machines, tokens and consensus are not supported, and due to the fact that the main chain and the two-layer networks are isolated from each other, cross-chain transactions are inconvenient to use and slow in speed, or the scheme is complex and the support degree of the applications is low. For this reason, the present application provides a block chain, and in order to distinguish from existing 1-layer and 2-layer block chains, the present application may refer to the provided block chain as a 1.5-layer block chain. Next, the 1.5 layer block chain provided in the embodiment of the present application is described in a hierarchical manner, and then the 1.5 layer block chain provided in the embodiment of the present application is summarized and explained.
The 1.5-layer block chain provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a main chain, a Subscribeable Application Chain (SAC) and a multi-layer virtual P2P network (abbreviated as VPP); the application program chain that can be subscribed is referred to as the application sub chain or the sub chain for short, referring to fig. 1, the architecture of the 1.5-tier block chain is schematically illustrated in fig. 1, which is an architecture diagram of the 1.5-tier block chain provided in the embodiment of the present application. Firstly, the application program can be realized by an intelligent contract deployed on a 1.5-layer blockchain; secondly, different sub-chains can be established for different application programs through the 1.5-layer block chain to execute the transaction of the corresponding application program; moreover, the rapid propagation among all nodes in the 1.5-layer blockchain can be carried out through the VPP so as to reduce the communication overhead, different sub-chains can be registered on the main chain, and meanwhile, the cross-chain transaction can be directly issued and executed through the main chain so as to realize the rapid cross-chain transaction; finally, the main chain can finally confirm the transaction of the sub-chain so as to ensure the security of the transaction.
Under the framework of a 1.5-layer block chain, a sub-chain is proposed and developed in the embodiment of the application, and the problem of safety balance is solved. Each child chain may have its own token, virtual machine, and consensus, and may share the VPP (simply referred to as the master VPP) and status information of the main chain, i.e., the child chain and the main chain may communicate through the master VPP. All nodes running in the 1.5-layer block chain can independently subscribe one or more sub-chains interested by themselves and participate in the processing of transactions on the subscribed sub-chains, so that different sub-chains can be mutually decoupled and independent when executing and confirming the transactions of corresponding applications. In addition, the unified underlying VPP and global state data structure provide higher security for all chains (i.e., main chain and all sub-chains), and cross-chain transactions (i.e., transactions between main chain and sub-chains, and transactions between sub-chains) can be directly issued and executed through the main chain, thereby implementing fast cross-chain transactions. Compared with the conventional 2-layer blockchain (such as optimm/ZK and eth2-cosmos-polkadot, etc.), the 1.5-layer blockchain provided by the embodiment of the application can deploy and run the application program on a single sub-chain, so that the safety and the usability of the conventional blockchain in supporting large-scale application are improved.
In the 1.5-layer block chain provided in the embodiment of the present application, the main chain is a basic chain where all the sub-chains are located, and includes a Virtual Machine (for processing all transactions on the main chain) compatible with an EVM (Embedded Virtual Machine), and the main chain also determines final states of all the sub-chains, which further improves security of each sub-chain. Furthermore, each child chain only processes transactions related to the respective application, while cross-chain transactions between different child chains are processed by the main chain. The main chain and all the sub-chains are integrated together to form a highly secure expandable blockchain, namely, the 1.5-layer blockchain provided by the embodiment of the application.
At the layer 0 of the 1.5-layer block chain, the embodiment of the application provides and develops self-adaptive VPPs supporting different sub-chains, and fully solves the problem of security balance among all nodes in the 1.5-layer block chain. The current simple flooding and random walk algorithms will bring the VPP very quickly to the limits of scalability. Through VPP, on the basis of quic-P2P, the embodiment of the application provides and develops a more efficient P2P routing scheme, and virtual broadcast networks are respectively formed for a main chain and all sub-chains, so that the quick connection between nodes in all the sub-chains and the quick forwarding of transactions can be supported; where each child chain owns its own node (verified by the core team). In addition, the embodiment of the application also designs an ultra-low complexity network coding scheme, and codes different transactions so as to realize better performance at a network layer; moreover, in the process of forming the virtual network, the embodiment of the application also designs a multicast QUIC protocol to promote the formation of the virtual network and improve the network performance.
For the master VPP, the nodes of the main chain are used to broadcast transactions on the main chain while routing transactions between different child chains. Specifically, the nodes of the main chain store the transactions on the main chain and the transactions of the sub-chains subscribed by the main chain in separate transaction pools, the transactions of different sub-chains are executed by corresponding virtual machine assemblies, and the blocks are formed by corresponding consensus mechanisms. Each sub-chain can customize different virtual machines, so that the application programs with different requirements can be supported conveniently, and complex application requirements can be supported at an application layer. Most of the traffic in the 1.5 layer block chain is located between verification nodes, two layers of VPPs are formed between the verification nodes, and the verification nodes automatically discover and connect to their neighbor nodes at the beginning of each epoch through the designed protocol. When performing block broadcasting and block consensus of different sub-chains, nodes may be divided into different verification sets to perform verification on different sub-chains. If a node receives a new chunk header (i.e., a chunk-free chunk) from a node of one validation set, it forwards the chunk header to a node of another validation set; if a node receives a duplicate block, it simply discards the duplicate block.
Assuming that there are N verification nodes, we can construct the network structure as follows: dividing N nodes into
Each verification set comprises verification nodes; all nodes in each verification set are connected with each other; each node in the validation set has a corresponding index
All verification sets are connected with each other through the ith node. Specifically, when N is 16, the degree of each node is
In the synchronization process, each node can try to synchronize the pre-packed block with the peer node directly connected with the node, and as long as one node is synchronized with all neighbor nodes of the node and has the same signature of the pre-packed block, the node is the packer of the current block and can fill the block header with the aggregated signature; as long as one node is synchronized with one pre-packed block, all other nodes cannot be synchronized with another pre-packed block. If multiple nodes are synchronized to the same pre-packed block, they can simply follow the longest chain rule without any adverse impact on the transaction.
In the 1.5-layer block chain provided by the embodiment of the application, a client of a main chain can trade and deploy an intelligent contract like an ether house, partial global states of all sub-chains are stored and maintained on the main chain corresponding to state information, each application program can select to establish the sub-chain of the application program, and the sub-chains are mutually independent in the operation. In addition, large decentralized applications may have their own tokens, subscriber nodes, and complex community governance rules, which may be agreed upon by anchor intelligence contracts.
The operation flow of the 1.5-layer block chain provided by the embodiment of the application is as follows:
constructing a sub-chain: the stakeholder first needs to deploy an anchor intelligence contract (i.e., ERC820) that meets predefined criteria and bind the anchor intelligence contract through specified types of main chain transactions to build the child chain. Nodes interested in a child chain subscribe to the child chain by sending a backbone transaction to the anchor intelligence contract of the related child chain on the backbone. And after the subscription takes effect, the chain data of the sub-chain is synchronized, and the node starts to collect and forward all transaction data related to the sub-chain. At the application level, at least one node acts as a sequencer to collect transactions, assemble and execute blocks within a child chain.
The implementation of the subchain: the nodes in the child chain are responsible for collecting the transactions of the respective application and assembling them into blocks. The node of the block obtains the k world state d by executing the transaction in the block k To update the global state (corresponding to the world state) locally at the child chain, called preliminary validation. The node that subsequently goes out of the block sends a backbone transaction to the backbone based on d k The account status in the corresponding anchor intelligent contract is updated, and the blocks of the sub-chain can be finally confirmed only when the transaction is successfully packaged by the main chain.
Confirmation of the transaction: transaction confirmation includes two stages in the sub-chain, namely a preliminary confirmation in the sub-chain and a final confirmation in the main chain. The preliminary validation is fast and has a low latency, while the final validation provides a higher level of security on the backbone. The transactions of the child chains are routed through the master VPP, providing a high degree of network layer protection and robustness. The transaction of the sub-chain is processed by subscribing the node, the specially designed routing mechanism reduces the flow load on the main chain, and the overall effect is that the 1.5-layer block chain architecture design enables the sub-chain to operate independently to a great extent and has comprehensive safety protection.
Fourthly, quickly performing cross-chain transaction: the main chain can change the account state of the sub-chain through main chain transaction. Thus, an account owner may change his account status directly in an anchor intelligence contract through a backbone transaction. Token exchanges between different sub-chains can be issued and executed directly on the main chain, and updating of the world state of the sub-chains can be performed in the sub-chains by a method of monitoring main chain events.
Carrying out management and upgrading: the management of the sub-chain is determined by the rules specified in the anchor intelligence contract, ensuring that the sub-chain can freely select the rules applicable to the corresponding application, the main chain ensures that any transaction in the sub-chain must comply with the predefined rules recorded in the anchor intelligence contract, and if any dispute exists in the sub-chain, the sub-chain can be submitted on the main chain and solved through voting.
In the 1.5-tier block chain provided by the embodiment of the application, a chain of application programs (namely a sub-chain) which can be subscribed is provided, and the sub-chain has selectable virtual machines, tokens and consensus, so that different application programs can be reasonably selected according to application scenes of the application programs. By deploying the sub-chains, the application program can only run on the corresponding sub-chains, and nodes interested in the application program participate in the consensus of the transaction of the application program by subscribing the corresponding sub-chains, so that the transaction related to the sub-chains does not need to be executed by each node in the whole network, and the node overhead can be reduced. The transaction of the sub-chain is transmitted through the VPP, and a specially designed routing mechanism reduces the flow burden of the main chain and avoids network congestion in large-scale application. The final states of all the sub-chains are confirmed by the main chain, state information is stored in an anchor intelligent contract of the main chain, cross-chain transaction can be rapidly carried out, and the use is convenient.
In summary, the embodiment of the present application provides a 1.5-layer blockchain, where the 1.5-layer blockchain includes a main chain and a sub-chain, which is equivalent to dividing the entire blockchain. Specifically, the sub-chain is used for acquiring transaction information generated by a specified application program, packaging the transaction information into a block, acquiring a new world state of the sub-chain by executing a transaction in the block after packaging the transaction information into the block, and updating a current world state of the sub-chain according to the new world state; the main chain is used for monitoring the transaction on the sub-chain according to the stored anchor intelligent contract; wherein, the anchor intelligent contract records the rules followed by the child chain governing.
It can be understood that, because the sub-chain acquires the transaction information generated by the specified application program, the sub-chain has a corresponding relationship with the application program, that is, when the sub-chain includes more than one sub-chain, the application program only runs on the specified sub-chain, and the transaction related to the application program does not need to be executed by all nodes (including nodes of the main chain and nodes of all sub-chains) in the block chain, but only by nodes of the corresponding sub-chain, so that each sub-chain runs independently to a great extent, and the nodes can freely select the sub-chains and the number of the sub-chains to be subscribed, thereby reducing the node overhead of the block chain, further improving the effect of the block chain in large-scale application, and avoiding the occurrence of network congestion. In addition, different sub-chains can be registered on the main chain, and cross-chain transaction can be directly issued and executed through the main chain, so that the embodiment of the application can well realize quick cross-chain transaction.
Further, the child chain is deployed with a child P2P network layer, and the child chain includes a plurality of child nodes. At this time, the sub-chain may be specifically configured to obtain transaction information generated by a specific application program through at least one sub-node, package the transaction information into a block, propagate and agree the block among all other sub-nodes through the sub-P2P network layer after packaging the transaction information into the block, and obtain a new world state of the sub-chain by performing a transaction in the block after the agreement is successful, and update a current world state of the sub-chain according to the new world state.
Further, the anchor intelligent contract records the current global state of the child chain. At this time, the sub-chain can also be used for sending the state change part to the main chain after updating the current world state of the sub-chain according to the new world state; the main chain can also be used for updating the current global state of the sub-chain recorded in the anchor intelligent contract according to the state change part; wherein the state change portion indicates a difference between the new world state and the current world state of the child chain.
Further, the sub-chains may include a plurality of sub-chains, where the plurality of sub-chains are respectively deployed with different applications, and the anchor intelligence contract stored in the main chain also needs to include a plurality of anchor intelligence contracts, where the plurality of anchor intelligence contracts respectively correspond to different sub-chains. Moreover, different sub-chains can be registered on the main chain, and cross-chain transaction can be directly issued and executed through the main chain, so that the quick cross-chain transaction is realized; the cross-chain transaction is a transaction between the main chain and the sub-chain and a transaction between at least two sub-chains.
Further, the backbone includes a plurality of master nodes. Specifically, the master node is configured to send a main chain transaction to a target anchor intelligent contract stored in the main chain to subscribe to a target sub-chain, and after the subscription is successful, perform chain data synchronization with the target sub-chain and participate in the consensus of the target sub-chain; the target anchor intelligent contract corresponds to the target sub-chain, and the chain data comprises transaction information in all blocks of the target sub-chain.
Further, the backbone is deployed with a master P2P network layer. At this time, the master node may be further configured to, after performing link data synchronization with the target sub-chain, propagate the link data to all other master nodes subscribing to the target sub-chain through the sub P2P network layer corresponding to the target sub-chain.
Further, the plurality of sub-chains may have different virtual machines, tokens, and common identification mechanisms, respectively, and the virtual machines, tokens, and common identification mechanisms of any sub-chain are adapted to the corresponding application program, and in particular, to the application scenario of the corresponding application program.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an operation method of a 1.5-layer blockchain according to an embodiment of the present application. The embodiment of the present application further provides an operation method of a 1.5-layer blockchain, which is applied to the 1.5-layer blockchain provided in the embodiment of the present application, and the operation method of the 1.5-layer blockchain includes the following steps 201 to 204.
In the embodiment of the present application, when operating a 1.5-tier block chain, it is necessary to first acquire transaction information generated by a specific application program through a sub-chain.
In this embodiment of the application, after the transaction information generated by the specified application is acquired through the sub-chain, the acquired transaction information needs to be packaged into a block through the sub-chain.
And step 203, the sub-chain obtains the new world state of the sub-chain by executing the transaction in the block, and updates the current world state of the sub-chain according to the new world state.
In the embodiment of the present application, after the sub-chain packages the acquired transaction information into a block, the sub-chain needs to execute the transaction in the block to obtain a new world state of the sub-chain, and update the current world state of the sub-chain according to the new world state.
And step 204, the main chain monitors the transaction on the sub-chain according to the stored anchor intelligent contract.
In the embodiment of the application, after the current world state of the sub-chain is updated, the main chain is required to monitor the transaction on the sub-chain according to the stored anchor intelligent contract; wherein, the anchor intelligent contract records the rules followed by the child chain governing.
In the operation method of the 1.5-layer block chain provided in the embodiment of the present application, the sub-chain acquires transaction information generated by a specific application program, so that the sub-chain and the application program have a corresponding relationship, that is, when the sub-chain includes more than one sub-chain, the application program only runs on the specific sub-chain, and a transaction related to the application program does not need to be executed by all nodes (including nodes of the main chain and nodes of all sub-chains) in the block chain, but only by nodes of the corresponding sub-chain, so that each sub-chain runs independently to a great extent, and the nodes can freely select the sub-chains and the number of the sub-chains to be subscribed, thereby reducing node overhead of the block chain, further improving an effect of the block chain in large-scale application, and avoiding occurrence of a network congestion phenomenon. In addition, different sub-chains can be registered on the main chain, and cross-chain transaction can be directly issued and executed through the main chain, so that the embodiment of the application can well realize quick cross-chain transaction.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 3, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device 300, which includes a storage 310 and at least one processor 320; the storage device 310 is configured to store at least one program, and when the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor 320, the at least one processor 320 is enabled to execute the method for operating the 1.5-layer blockchain provided in the embodiment of the present application.
In some embodiments, the electronic device 300 may further include a bus 330 for communicative coupling between the storage 310 and the at least one processor 320.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a block diagram of a computer-readable storage medium according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 4, the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium 400, where the computer-readable storage medium 400 has stored thereon executable instructions 410, and when executed, the executable instructions 410 perform the operation method of the 1.5-tier blockchain provided by the embodiment of the present application.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module may reside in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, Read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
In the above embodiments, the implementation may be wholly or partially realized by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the procedures or functions described in accordance with the present application are generated, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a network of computers, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored on a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center by wire (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line) or wirelessly (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device, such as a server, a data center, etc., that incorporates one or more of the available media. The available media may be magnetic media (e.g., floppy Disk, hard Disk, magnetic tape), optical media (e.g., DVD), or semiconductor media (e.g., Solid State Disk), among others.
It should be noted that, the embodiments in the present disclosure are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other. For the product class embodiment, since it is similar to the method class embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and for the relevant points, refer to the partial description of the method class embodiment.
It is further noted that, within the context of this application, relational terms such as first and second, and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined in this application may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A 1.5-layer blockchain comprising a main chain and a daughter chain;
the sub-chain is used for acquiring transaction information generated by a specified application program, packaging the transaction information into a block, acquiring a new world state of the sub-chain by executing a transaction in the block after packaging the transaction information into the block, and updating the current world state of the sub-chain according to the new world state;
the main chain is used for monitoring the transaction on the sub-chain according to the stored anchor intelligent contract; wherein, the anchor intelligent contract records the rules followed by the sub-chain governing.
2. The 1.5 layer block chain of claim 1, wherein the child chain is deployed with a child P2P network layer, the child chain including a plurality of child nodes;
the sub-chain is specifically configured to obtain transaction information generated by a specific application program through at least one of the sub-nodes, package the transaction information into a block, propagate and identify the block among all other sub-nodes through the sub-P2P network layer after packaging the transaction information into the block, obtain a new world state of the sub-chain by executing a transaction in the block after successful identification, and update a current world state of the sub-chain according to the new world state.
3. The 1.5 layer blockchain of claim 2, wherein the anchor intelligence contract further has recorded therein a current global state of the child chain;
the sub-chain is further used for sending a state change part to the main chain after the current world state of the sub-chain is updated according to the new world state;
the main chain is further used for updating the current global state of the sub-chain recorded in the anchor intelligent contract according to the state change part.
4. The 1.5 layer module chain of claim 2, wherein the child chain includes a plurality of child chains each having a different one of the applications deployed, the anchor intelligence contract stored by the main chain includes a plurality of anchor intelligence contracts each corresponding to a different one of the child chains;
different sub-chains are all registered on the main chain, and cross-chain transactions are directly issued and executed through the main chain; wherein the cross-chain transaction is a transaction between the main chain and the sub-chains, and a transaction between at least two of the sub-chains.
5. The 1.5 layer blockchain of claim 4, wherein the backbone includes a plurality of master nodes;
the main node is used for sending a main chain transaction to a target anchor intelligent contract stored in the main chain to subscribe a target sub-chain, and after the subscription is successful, performing chain data synchronization with the target sub-chain and participating in the consensus of the target sub-chain; wherein the target anchor smart contract corresponds to the target child chain, the chain data including the transaction information within all of the blocks of the target child chain.
6. The 1.5 layer module chain of claim 5, wherein the backbone is deployed with a master P2P network layer; the master node is further configured to, after performing link data synchronization with the target sub-chain, propagate the link data to all other master nodes subscribing to the target sub-chain through the sub P2P network layer corresponding to the target sub-chain.
7. The 1.5 tier module chain of claim 4 wherein a plurality of said child chains each have different virtual machines, tokens and consensus mechanisms, said virtual machines, tokens and consensus mechanisms of any of said child chains being compatible with a respective said application.
8. The operating method of the 1.5-layer blockchain is applied to the 1.5-layer blockchain, and is characterized in that the 1.5-layer blockchain comprises a main chain and a subchain;
the operation method of the 1.5-layer block chain comprises the following steps:
the sub-chain acquires transaction information generated by a specified application program;
the sub-chain packages the transaction information into blocks;
the subchain acquires a new world state of the subchain by executing the transaction in the block, and updates the current world state of the subchain according to the new world state;
the main chain monitors the transaction on the sub-chain according to the stored anchor intelligent contract; wherein, the anchor intelligent contract records the rules followed by the sub-chain governing.
9. An electronic device comprising storage and at least one processor; the storage device is for storing at least one program and, when the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to perform the method of claim 8.
10. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon executable instructions that, when executed, perform the method of claim 8.
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