CN114858574A - Laying system and laying method for long-distance cable for offshore underwater explosion test - Google Patents
Laying system and laying method for long-distance cable for offshore underwater explosion test Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 140
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011173 large scale experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/313—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated by explosives
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Abstract
The invention provides a laying system and a laying method for a long-distance cable for an offshore underwater explosion test, and belongs to the field of underwater explosion tests. The problem of how to lay the experimental long distance cable of explosion under sea under water, guarantee that the cable draws safety in the explosion process is solved. The system comprises a safety house, a signal transmission cable, a detonating cable, a plurality of floating foams, a fixed test equipment floating platform, a fixed detonation source floating platform, test equipment, a detonation source and a chain; the signal transmission cable and the detonation cable are respectively wrapped with a layer of foam layer, a plurality of floating foams are arranged on the signal transmission cable and the detonation cable along the length direction of the cable, and the floating foams enable the cable to float on the water surface and change the arrangement direction of the cable through the floating foams. According to the invention, the bundled cable is wound through the foam layer, the plurality of floating foams are connected in series through the cable, and the floating foams support the cable, so that the floating on water can be met, the requirement of turning can be met, and the pulling safety of the cable in the explosion process can be ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of underwater explosion test devices, and particularly relates to a laying system and a laying method for a long-distance cable for an offshore underwater explosion test.
Background
With the increasing progress of the defense science and technology of naval, the underwater explosion impact load characteristic and damage characteristic of naval equipment such as ships, submarines and the like are more and more emphasized. The previous tests are completed in the scale-down environment such as a water tank, an explosion water tank and the like, but are only limited to small-scale tests, and the accuracy of test data is limited to a certain extent. To obtain more accurate data, researchers are gradually looking at the sea where large-scale experiments are conducted. The research on the underwater explosion of warships and aircraft carriers has been carried out in the United states, and a lot of results are obtained.
The large-scale experiment, data acquisition, cable laying and the like for offshore underwater explosion of underwater platforms such as submarines and the like are difficult points with high requirements. The data transmission cable is an important means for obtaining experimental data feedback and has the function of connecting the data acquisition equipment and the test equipment with the sensor. For the marine large-scale test, in order to ensure the safety of personnel, the explosion test position is far away from the safety working platform, and the signal transmission cable needs to be laid in a long distance. The cables are numerous and cluttered and heavy, and are pulled by the towing rope and the resistance in water when being towed by a towing ship, and meanwhile, the cables are broken due to poor contact with a collector and test equipment under complex sea conditions. Therefore, the problem of how to arrange the long-distance cable for the offshore underwater explosion test and ensure the pulling safety of the cable in the explosion process becomes the key problem to be solved by the invention.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention aims to provide a laying system and a laying method for a long-distance cable for an underwater marine explosion test, so as to solve the problem of how to lay the long-distance cable for the underwater marine explosion test and ensure the safety of pulling the cable in an explosion process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a laying system for a long-distance cable for an offshore underwater explosion test comprises a safety house, a signal transmission cable, a detonating cable, a plurality of floating foams, a fixed test equipment floating platform, a fixed explosion source floating platform, test equipment, an explosion source and a chain;
the safety house is arranged on a safety platform on a shore, data acquisition equipment and an initiator are arranged in the safety house, the fixed test equipment floating platform and the fixed detonation source floating platform are both away from the safety house by a certain distance, the distance between the fixed test equipment floating platform and the fixed detonation source floating platform is adaptive to the required detonation distance, the test equipment and the detonation source are respectively connected with the respective floating platforms through a chain, the fixed test equipment floating platform and the fixed detonation source floating platform are both arranged on the water surface, and the test equipment and the detonation source are both arranged under water;
one end of the signal transmission cable is connected with data acquisition equipment in the safe house on the bank, the other end of the signal transmission cable is led out from the safe house and connected with a plurality of sensors, the sensors are respectively connected with test equipment, one end of the detonation cable is connected with a detonator in the safe house on the bank, and the other end of the detonation cable is led out from the safe house on the bank and connected with a detonation source;
the outer portions of the signal transmission cable and the detonation cable are respectively wrapped with a foam layer, a plurality of floating foams are arranged on the signal transmission cable and the detonation cable along the length direction of the cable, the floating foams enable the cable to float on the water surface and change the arrangement direction of the cable through the floating foams, one floating foam close to a floating platform on the signal transmission cable is fixed on a floating platform of a fixed test device to enable the signal transmission cable to be connected with the test device in a vertical mode, and one floating foam close to the floating platform on the detonation cable is fixed on the floating platform of the fixed detonation source to enable the detonation cable to be connected with the detonation source in a vertical arrangement mode.
Furthermore, a plurality of opening-shaped fixing buckles are respectively fixed on the data acquisition equipment and the test equipment, one end of the signal transmission cable is wound through the opening-shaped fixing buckles and then connected with the data acquisition equipment, and the other end of the signal transmission cable extends into the water and is wound through the opening-shaped fixing buckles and then connected with the test equipment.
Furthermore, the square-shaped fixing buckle comprises a mounting plate and four fixing buckles arranged on the mounting plate, and the four fixing buckles are connected end to form a square-shaped structure.
Furthermore, the signal transmission cable is wound through the fixing buckle in the shape of the Chinese character kou: one end of the signal transmission cable firstly passes through one group of two fixing buckles which are oppositely arranged, then rotates for a certain angle and then passes through the other group of two fixing buckles which are oppositely arranged.
Furthermore, the floating foam is of a cuboid structure, a groove for accommodating a cable is formed in the upper surface of the floating foam, and the cable is fixed and limited through a fixing buckle after being installed in the groove of the floating foam.
Furthermore, the part of the signal transmission cable extending underwater and the part of the detonation cable extending underwater are bundled by a plurality of ties.
Further, the length of the chain is related to the required depth of the underwater explosion of the test equipment.
Furthermore, the distance between the floating platform of the fixed test equipment and the floating platform of the fixed detonation source and the safety house is hundreds of meters.
A method for arranging a long-distance cable arrangement system for an offshore underwater explosion test comprises the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting the quantity of floating foam according to the requirements of the distance from a specific test position to a working platform and the length and weight of a cable, and finishing the cable fixing work on the working platform;
assembling various data acquisition sensors and test equipment, a detonator and an explosion source on the working platform, and checking the sensitivity and accuracy of an acquisition tool; fixing the last floating foam close to the corresponding floating platform on the corresponding floating platform, and vertically connecting the underwater cable with the test equipment and the detonation source, wherein the floating platform for fixing the test equipment is connected with the test equipment through a chain, and the floating platform for fixing the detonation source is connected with the detonation source through a chain;
thirdly, after all the equipment is assembled, arranging the floating platform of the fixed test equipment with the test model assembled and the floating platform of the fixed detonation source with the detonation source assembled at the designated position on the sea by the tugboat, and controlling the detonation distance by adjusting the distance between the two floating platforms;
step four, releasing the chain after the floating platform arrives at a specified place and is stabilized, driving the cable to sink by the test equipment and the explosion source by self gravity, binding the cable into a bundle by using a binding belt under water without wrapping a foam layer on the underwater cable, enabling the cable to be tidy and naturally droop, and stabilizing the chain and the cable when the test equipment and the explosion source arrive at a preset depth, wherein the length of the chain is the underwater explosion depth of the test equipment;
and fifthly, evacuating personnel and preparing for a test.
Further, in the first step, the fixing work of the cable includes: and (3) assembling the wrapped foam layer cable in a groove of the floating foam, fixing the wrapped foam layer cable by using a fixing buckle, connecting the floating foam layer cable in series by using the cable, supporting the wrapped cable by using the floating foam layer cable, changing the direction by using the floating foam layer cable, and bending and extending the wrapped cable on the water surface.
Compared with the prior art, the laying system and the laying method for the long-distance cable for the offshore underwater explosion test have the beneficial effects that:
1. the bundled cables are wound and wrapped by wrapping foam, a plurality of floating foam devices are adopted to connect the bundled cables, the plurality of discontinuous floating foam devices are connected in series by the cables, so that the overwater floating cables are easy to turn, the cables are ensured to be safely pulled in the explosion process, and meanwhile, the floating foam close to one end of the floating platform is arranged on the floating platform, so that the limitation of the dead weight of the underwater cables on an explosion test device is reduced;
2. a square-shaped fixing buckle is welded on the test model, and the cable penetrates through the fixing buckle to be fixed during water consignment of the model. The contact of the cable with the collector and the test equipment is good.
3. Because the workbench is on the shore, the explosion environment is on the sea, when cables are laid from the safe house to the sea, objects such as reefs and the like are arranged on the shore, the cables can be well distributed in a winding manner to avoid the reefs through the floating foam, and meanwhile, the wrapped foam can provide buoyancy and can also provide a buffer protection effect when the cables collide with the objects such as the reefs and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a deployment system of a long-distance cable for an offshore underwater explosion test according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a floating foam structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the effect of connection on the water surface of the floating foam;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a square-shaped fixing buckle.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a safe house; 2. a signal transmission cable; 3. fixing a test equipment floating platform; 4. a floating foam; 5. a chain; 6. test equipment; 7. fixing an explosion source floating platform; 8. an explosion source; 9. detonating the cable; 10. a working platform; 11. fixing the buckle; 12. a foam layer; 13. binding a belt; 14. the shape of the Chinese character kou is a fixed button.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-5, a deployment system for a long-distance cable for an offshore underwater explosion test is characterized in that: the device comprises a safety house 1, a signal transmission cable 2, a detonating cable 9, a plurality of floating foams 4, a fixed test equipment floating platform 3, a fixed detonation source floating platform 7, test equipment 6, a detonation source 8 and a chain 5;
the safety house 1 is arranged on a safety platform on a shore, a data acquisition device and an initiator are arranged in the safety house 1, the safety house is responsible for initiation and data acquisition, the fixed test device floating platform 3 and the fixed detonation source floating platform 7 are both away from the safety house 1 by a certain distance, the distance between the fixed test device floating platform 3 and the fixed detonation source floating platform 7 is adaptive to the required detonation distance, the test device 6 and the detonation source 8 are respectively connected with the respective floating platforms through a chain 5, the fixed test device floating platform 3 and the fixed detonation source floating platform 7 are both arranged on the water surface, and the test device 6 and the detonation source 8 are both arranged under water;
one end of the signal transmission cable 2 is connected with data acquisition equipment in the safe house on the shore, the other end of the signal transmission cable is led out from the safe house 1 on the shore to be connected with various sensors, the various sensors are respectively connected with the test equipment 6, one end of the detonation cable 9 is connected with the detonator, and the other end of the detonation cable is led out from the safe house 1 on the shore to be connected with the detonation source 8;
the signal transmission cable 2 and the initiation cable 9 are respectively wrapped with a foam layer 12, a plurality of floating foams 4 are arranged on the signal transmission cable 2 and the initiation cable 9 along the length direction of the cable, the floating foams 4 enable the cable to float on the water surface and change the arrangement direction of the cable through the floating foams 4, one floating foam on the signal transmission cable 2 close to a floating platform is fixed on a fixed test device floating platform 3 to enable the signal transmission cable 2 to be connected with the test device 6 in a vertical mode, and one floating foam on the initiation cable 9 close to the floating platform is fixed on a fixed detonation source floating platform 7 to enable the initiation cable 9 to be connected with the detonation source 8 in a vertical arrangement mode.
A plurality of mouth-shaped fixing buckles 14 are fixed on the data acquisition equipment and the test equipment 6 respectively, one end of the signal transmission cable 2 is wound through the mouth-shaped fixing buckles and then connected with the data acquisition equipment, and the other end of the signal transmission cable extends underwater and is wound through the mouth-shaped fixing buckles and then connected with the test equipment 6. The U-shaped fixing buckle 14 comprises a mounting plate and four fixing buckles arranged on the mounting plate, and the four fixing buckles are connected end to form a U-shaped structure. The signal transmission cable 2 is wound through the fixing buckle 14 in the shape of the Chinese character kou: one end of the signal transmission cable 2 firstly passes through one group of two fixing buckles which are oppositely arranged, then rotates for a certain angle, and then passes through the other group of two fixing buckles which are oppositely arranged. The data acquisition equipment cable interface in the safety house 1 also reserves a section of margin, is fixed by the square-shaped fixing buckle and then is connected with the data acquisition equipment, so that the pulling of the cable during explosion is guaranteed to ensure that the data acquisition cable and the data acquisition equipment are separated from each other. The mouth-shaped fixing rings are welded on the test equipment to ensure the fixation of the cables during water consignment of the test equipment, and after the cables are laid, the cables are reserved with a section of margin and fixed by the mouth-shaped fixing buckles and then connected with the test equipment. The length from the floating platform to the test structure needs to be reserved for the underwater cable, and the influence of the cable on the test due to tension is avoided.
The floating foam 4 is of a cuboid structure, a groove for accommodating a cable is formed in the upper surface of the floating foam 4, and the cable is fixed and limited through a fixing buckle 11 after being installed in the groove of the floating foam 4.
The underwater extending parts of the signal transmission cable 2 and the detonating cable 9 are not wrapped by the foam layer 12, and the underwater extending part of the signal transmission cable 2 and the underwater extending part of the detonating cable 9 are bundled by a plurality of ties 13.
The length of the chain 5 is related to the depth required for the underwater explosion of the test device 6.
The distance between the fixed test equipment floating platform 3 and the fixed explosion source floating platform 7 and the safety house is hundreds of meters, and the requirements of explosion tests are met.
A wiring method of a long-distance cable laying system for an offshore underwater explosion test specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting the quantity of floating foams 4 according to the requirements of the distance from a specific test position to a working platform 10 and the length and weight of a cable, and finishing the cable fixing work on the working platform 10; the fixing work of the cable includes: the diversification of the measurement data determines the number of sensors and thus the number of cables. According to the wrapped signal transmission cable 2, the floating foam 4 is grooved, the cable can be assembled in the groove, the cable wrapped with the foam layer 12 is assembled in the groove of the floating foam 4 and is fixed by the fixing buckle 11, the floating foam 4 is connected in series by the cable, the wrapped cable is supported by the floating foam 4, the water floating can be met, the turning requirement can be met, and the pulling safety of the cable in the explosion process can be guaranteed; the direction is changed through the floating foam 4, and the floating foam bends and extends on the water surface to provide a storage displacement length for the test equipment to move after explosion;
secondly, assembling various data acquisition sensors with the test equipment 6, the initiator and the detonation source 8 on the working platform 10, and checking the sensitivity and accuracy of the acquisition tool; fixing the floating foam 4 close to the last position of the corresponding floating platform on the corresponding floating platform, and vertically connecting the underwater cable with the test equipment 6 and the explosion source 8, so that the pulling of the self weight of the cable on the floating foam 4 and the test equipment 6 is reduced, and the adverse effect on the test is caused; the length from the floating platform 3 of the test equipment to the test equipment 6 of the underwater cable needs to be reserved and fixed, so that the influence of the tension of the cable on the test is avoided; the floating platform 3 of the fixed test equipment is connected with the test equipment 6 through a chain 5, and the floating platform 7 of the fixed detonation source 8 is connected with the detonation source 8 through the chain 5;
thirdly, after all the equipment is assembled, arranging the fixed test equipment floating platform 3 with the test equipment 6 assembled and the fixed detonation source floating platform 7 with the detonation source 8 assembled at the designated position on the sea by the tug boat, and controlling the detonation distance by adjusting the distance between the two floating platforms;
step four, releasing the chain 5 after the floating platform arrives at a specified place and is stabilized, driving the cable to sink by the self gravity of the test equipment 6 and the explosion source 8, wherein the underwater cable is not wrapped by the foam layer 12, tying the cable into a bundle by using a tying belt 13 under water, so that the cable is tidy and naturally sags, when the chain 5 and the cable are stabilized, namely the test equipment 6 and the explosion source 8 reach a preset depth, and the length of the chain 5 is the depth of the underwater explosion water of the test equipment 6;
and fifthly, evacuating personnel and preparing for a test.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a system is put in cloth of experimental long distance cable of explosion under sea which characterized in that: the device comprises a safety house (1), a signal transmission cable (2), a detonation cable (9), a plurality of floating foams (4), a fixed test equipment floating platform (3), a fixed detonation source floating platform (7), test equipment (6), a detonation source (8) and a chain (5);
the safety house (1) is arranged on a safety platform on a shore, data acquisition equipment and an initiator are arranged in the safety house (1), the fixed test equipment floating platform (3) and the fixed detonation source floating platform (7) are both away from the safety house (1) by a certain distance, the distance between the fixed test equipment floating platform (3) and the fixed detonation source floating platform (7) is adaptive to the required detonation distance, the test equipment (6) and the detonation source (8) are respectively connected with the respective floating platforms through a chain (5), the fixed test equipment floating platform (3) and the fixed detonation source floating platform (7) are both arranged on the water surface, and the test equipment (6) and the detonation source (8) are both arranged under water;
one end of the signal transmission cable (2) is connected with data acquisition equipment in the onshore safety house, the other end of the signal transmission cable is led out from the onshore safety house (1) to be connected with various sensors, the various sensors are respectively connected to the test equipment (6), one end of the detonation cable (9) is connected with the detonator, and the other end of the detonation cable is led out from the onshore safety house (1) to be connected with the detonation source (8);
the outer portions of the signal transmission cable (2) and the detonation cable (9) are respectively wrapped with a foam layer (12), a plurality of floating foams (4) are arranged on the signal transmission cable (2) and the detonation cable (9) along the length direction of the cable, the floating foams (4) enable the cable to float on the water surface and change the arrangement direction of the cable through the floating foams (4), one floating foam on the signal transmission cable (2) close to a floating platform is fixed on a fixed test equipment floating platform (3) to enable the signal transmission cable (2) to be connected with test equipment (6) in a vertical mode, and one floating foam on the detonation cable (9) close to the floating platform is fixed on a fixed detonation source floating platform (7) to enable the detonation cable (9) to be connected with a detonation source (8) in a vertical arrangement mode.
2. The deployment system of marine underwater explosion test long-distance cables of claim 1, characterized in that: a plurality of mouth-shaped fixing buckles (14) are respectively fixed on the data acquisition equipment and the test equipment (6), one end of the signal transmission cable (2) is wound through the mouth-shaped fixing buckles and then connected with the data acquisition equipment, and the other end of the signal transmission cable extends into the water and is wound through the mouth-shaped fixing buckles and then connected with the test equipment (6).
3. The deployment system of marine underwater explosion test long-distance cables of claim 2, characterized in that: the U-shaped fixing buckle (14) comprises an installation plate and four fixing buckles arranged on the installation plate, and the four fixing buckles are connected end to form a U-shaped structure.
4. The deployment system of marine underwater explosion test long-distance cables of claim 3, characterized in that: the signal transmission cable (2) is wound through the square-shaped fixing buckle (14) in the following way: one end of the signal transmission cable (2) firstly passes through one group of two fixing buckles which are oppositely arranged, then rotates for a certain angle and then passes through the other group of two fixing buckles which are oppositely arranged.
5. The deployment system of the offshore underwater explosion test long-distance cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the floating foam (4) is of a cuboid structure, a groove for accommodating a cable is formed in the upper surface of the floating foam (4), and the cable is fixed and limited through a fixing buckle (11) after being installed in the groove of the floating foam (4).
6. The deployment system of the offshore underwater explosion test long-distance cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the underwater extending parts of the signal transmission cable (2) and the detonation cable (9) are not wrapped by the foam layer (12), and the underwater extending part of the signal transmission cable (2) and the underwater extending part of the detonation cable (9) are bundled by a plurality of ties (13).
7. The deployment system of the offshore underwater explosion test long-distance cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the length of the chain (5) is related to the required depth of underwater explosion of the test device (6).
8. The deployment system of the offshore underwater explosion test long-distance cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the distance between the fixed test equipment floating platform (3) and the fixed detonation source floating platform (7) and the safety house is hundreds of meters.
9. The wiring method of the laying system of the offshore underwater explosion test long-distance cable according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting the quantity of floating foams (4) according to the distance from a specific test position to a working platform (10) and the requirements of the length and weight of a cable, and finishing the cable fixing work on the working platform (10);
secondly, assembling various data acquisition sensors with the test equipment (6), the initiator and the detonation source (8) on the working platform (10), and checking the sensitivity and accuracy of the acquisition tool; fixing the last floating foam (4) close to the corresponding floating platform on the corresponding floating platform, vertically connecting an underwater cable with test equipment (6) and an explosion source (8), fixing the test equipment floating platform (3) to be connected with the test equipment (6) through a chain (5), and fixing the explosion source (8) to be connected with the explosion source (8) through the chain (5);
thirdly, after all the equipment is assembled, arranging the fixed test equipment floating platform (3) with the test equipment (6) assembled and the fixed explosion source floating platform (7) with the explosion source (8) assembled at the designated position on the sea by a tug boat, and controlling the explosion distance by adjusting the distance between the two floating platforms;
fourthly, releasing the chain (5) after the floating platform arrives at a specified place and is stabilized, driving the cable to sink by the self gravity of the test equipment (6) and the explosion source (8), wherein the underwater cable is not wrapped by a foam layer (12), tying the cable into a bundle by using a tying belt (13) under water, so that the cable is tidy and naturally sags, when the chain (5) and the cable are stabilized, namely the test equipment (6) and the explosion source (8) reach a preset depth, and the length of the chain (5) is the depth of the underwater explosion water of the test equipment (6);
and fifthly, evacuating personnel and preparing for a test.
10. The wiring method of the laying system of the offshore underwater explosion test long-distance cable according to claim 9, characterized in that: in the first step, the fixing work of the cable includes: and (3) assembling the cable of the wrapped foam layer (12) in a groove of the floating foam (4) and fixing the cable by using a fixing buckle (11), connecting the floating foam (4) in series by the cable, supporting the wrapped cable by the floating foam (4), changing the direction by the floating foam (4), and bending and extending on the water surface.
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2022
- 2022-03-29 CN CN202210315290.3A patent/CN114858574A/en active Pending
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| 宋敬利 等: "《浮动冲击平台海上爆炸试验实施方法》" * |
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Application publication date: 20220805 |