CN114836844A - Preparation method of functional fiber - Google Patents
Preparation method of functional fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN114836844A CN114836844A CN202210374904.5A CN202210374904A CN114836844A CN 114836844 A CN114836844 A CN 114836844A CN 202210374904 A CN202210374904 A CN 202210374904A CN 114836844 A CN114836844 A CN 114836844A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/70—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by moulding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/45—Joining of substantially the whole surface of the articles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of functional fibers, and provides a preparation method of functional fibers, which comprises the following steps: manufacturing a prefabricated rod consistent with the cross-sectional structure of the functional fiber according to the cross-sectional structure of the functional fiber; and stretching the preform by a hot drawing process to form the functional fiber. According to the preparation method of the functional fiber, the preform consistent with the cross-sectional structure of the functional fiber is manufactured according to the cross-sectional structure of the functional fiber, and then the preform is stretched by adopting a hot-drawing process to form the functional fiber. Compared with the functional fiber prepared by the method in the prior art, the material on the surface of the functional fiber is not easy to fall off, the wear resistance is better, and the functional fiber is not easy to lose efficacy. And compared with the function fiber, the prefabricated rod has larger size, and the structure optimization design is more convenient to carry out in the stage of manufacturing the prefabricated rod, so that the finally drawn function fiber has stronger applicability and higher practical application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of functional fiber preparation, in particular to a preparation method of functional fiber.
Background
Wearable products and portable devices have received much attention because they have a variety of functions such as communication, health detection, motion sensing, and the like. However, frequent battery replacement or recharging is also a significant inconvenience. There is a great deal of mechanical energy around the human body, such as motion, waves and wind. This also allows the fabric to continue to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy for use in wearable products and portable devices based on the principle of triboelectric charging and electrostatic induction effects.
In the prior art, a metal wire or a polymer wire is used as a core, then an electrode and a dielectric layer are coated or deposited on the surface of the core layer to form functional fibers, and finally the functional fibers are woven into a fabric to achieve the purpose of energy recovery. However, the coating material on the surface of the functional fiber has poor wear resistance, and the coating material on the surface of the functional fiber falls off with the increase of the service time and the friction times, so that the functional fiber fails.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is that in the preparation method of the functional fiber in the prior art, the prepared coating material on the surface of the functional fiber has poor wear resistance, and the coating material on the surface of the functional fiber falls off along with the prolonging of the service time and the increase of the friction times, so that the functional fiber fails, thereby providing the preparation method of the functional fiber.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method of making a functional fiber comprising: manufacturing a prefabricated rod consistent with the cross-sectional structure of the functional fiber according to the cross-sectional structure of the functional fiber; and stretching the preform by a hot drawing process to form the functional fiber.
Further, the functional fiber comprises a first friction layer, a first electrode layer, an isolation layer and a second electrode layer which are arranged in a laminated manner; and during the manufacturing of the prefabricated rod, the first friction layer, the first electrode layer, the isolation layer and the second electrode layer are sequentially bonded from top to bottom to form the prefabricated rod.
Further, the functional fiber further comprises a second friction layer, wherein the second friction layer has a different friction charge density from the first friction layer; and bonding the second friction layer to one surface of the second electrode layer, which is opposite to the isolating layer, when the prefabricated rod is manufactured, so as to form the prefabricated rod.
Further, the functional fiber comprises a shell and an inner core; the end face of the shell is rectangular, the shell is formed by splicing four plates and putting the plates into a vacuum drying box for curing, and the shell is made of elastic insulating materials; the inner core comprises a first electrode layer, a first friction layer, an air layer and a second electrode layer which are arranged in a laminated manner; when the preform is manufactured, the shell is manufactured firstly, then the inner core is manufactured, and then the inner core is placed into the shell to form the preform.
Further, when the inner core is manufactured, a groove is processed on one surface, back to the first electrode layer, of the first friction layer by using an engraving machine, and then the first electrode layer, the first friction layer and the second electrode layer are sequentially bonded to form the inner core; wherein a region between the groove and the second electrode layer forms the air layer.
Further, the inner core further comprises a second friction layer, and the second friction layer is located between the second electrode layer and the air layer.
Further, the functional fiber comprises a first electrode layer, an air layer, a first friction layer, a second electrode layer and a shell which are concentrically arranged, and the shell is made of elastic insulating materials; the preparation of the preform specifically comprises the following steps; winding the first electrode layer on the outer ring of the round bar and rolling the first electrode layer for a half turn; winding a first friction layer on the outer ring of the first electrode layer and rolling for a plurality of circles; winding a second electrode layer on the outer ring of the first friction layer and rolling for a plurality of circles; winding the shell on the outer ring of the second electrode layer and rolling for a plurality of circles; taking out the round rod, and heating and curing the round rod through a vacuum box to form the preform; wherein a region between the first electrode layer and the first friction layer forms the air layer.
Further, the functional fiber comprises a first electrode layer and a first friction layer which are concentrically arranged; the preparation of the preform specifically comprises the following steps; winding the first friction layer on the outer ring of the round bar and rolling the first friction layer for a plurality of circles; and taking out the round bar, and putting the first electrode layer into the inner ring of the first friction layer to form the prefabricated bar.
Further, when the first electrode layer is made of a solid conductive material, the first electrode layer is inserted into the inner ring of the first friction layer to form the preform.
Further, when the first electrode layer is made of a liquid conductive material, one end of the first friction layer is sealed, the first electrode layer is poured into the inner ring of the first friction layer, and then the other end of the first friction layer is sealed, so that the preform is formed.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
the preparation method of the functional fiber provided by the invention comprises the steps of firstly manufacturing a prefabricated rod consistent with the cross-sectional structure of the functional fiber according to the cross-sectional structure of the functional fiber, and then stretching the prefabricated rod by adopting a hot-drawing process to form the functional fiber. Compared with the functional fiber prepared by the method in the prior art, the material on the surface of the functional fiber is not easy to fall off, the wear resistance is better, and the functional fiber is not easy to lose efficacy. And compared with the function fiber, the prefabricated rod has larger size, and the structure optimization design is more convenient to carry out in the stage of manufacturing the prefabricated rod, so that the finally drawn function fiber has stronger applicability and higher practical application value.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for producing functional fibers according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a functional fiber prepared by a method of preparing a functional fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another functional fiber prepared by a method for preparing a functional fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a functional fiber prepared by a method for preparing a functional fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of another functional fiber prepared by the method for preparing a functional fiber according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a functional fiber produced by a method for producing a functional fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a functional fiber produced by a method for producing a functional fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another functional fiber prepared by the method of preparing a functional fiber according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a first friction layer; 2. A first electrode layer; 3. An isolation layer;
4. a second electrode layer; 5. A second friction layer; 6. A housing;
7. an air layer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing functional fibers according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a method for preparing functional fibers, including: manufacturing a prefabricated rod consistent with the cross-sectional structure of the functional fiber according to the cross-sectional structure of the functional fiber; and stretching the prefabricated rod by adopting a hot drawing process to form the functional fiber.
The cross-sectional structure of the preform in this embodiment may include various structures, which will be specifically described in the following embodiments. The size of the prefabricated rod can be controlled in dozens of centimeters, and the size of the functional fiber can be controlled in 0.2mm-2 mm.
During drawing, the prefabricated rod is placed in a process furnace, and one end of the prefabricated rod is fixed at the top of a drawing tower. When the temperature exceeds the glass transition temperature, the other end of the preform softens or melts. After a period of heating, the softened preform is necked down by a pulling force under the action of an external force of a rotating capstan to form a functional fiber with a controllable diameter.
And the diameter of the functional fiber can be adjusted by controlling the drawing temperature of the hottest area in the process furnace, the feeding speed of the blank and the drawing speed of the blank.
The functional fiber finally produced has a geometry, composition and cross-section consistent with the preform, that is, the functional fiber is a miniature version of the preform. Due to the large macroscopic size of the preform, complex transverse cross-sections of various structures and various materials are more easily designed. Moreover, the material encapsulated therein can prevent the leakage of harmful substances and protect the functional material from the intrusion of water and air.
In the method for preparing the functional fiber provided by this embodiment, the preform having the same cross-sectional structure as the functional fiber is first manufactured according to the cross-sectional structure of the functional fiber, and then the preform is stretched by using a hot-drawing process to form the functional fiber. Compared with the functional fiber prepared by the method in the prior art, the material on the surface of the functional fiber is not easy to fall off, the wear resistance is better, and the functional fiber is not easy to lose efficacy. And compared with the function fiber, the prefabricated rod has larger size, and the structure optimization design is more convenient to carry out in the stage of manufacturing the prefabricated rod, so that the finally drawn function fiber has stronger applicability and higher practical application value.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a functional fiber prepared by the method for preparing a functional fiber according to the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the cross-sectional shape of one of the functional fibers prepared by the method in the embodiment is rectangular, and the functional fiber comprises a first friction layer 1, a first electrode layer 2, an isolation layer 3 and a second electrode layer 4 which are stacked; when the prefabricated rod is manufactured, the first friction layer 1, the first electrode layer 2, the isolation layer 3 and the second electrode layer 4 are sequentially bonded from top to bottom to form the prefabricated rod.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of another functional fiber prepared by the method for preparing a functional fiber according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, wherein the another functional fiber prepared by the method in the embodiment further includes a second friction layer 5, and the second friction layer 5 is bonded to a side of the second electrode layer 4 opposite to the separation layer 3 to form a preform when the preform is fabricated. The friction charge density of the second friction layer 5 is different from that of the first friction layer 1, and increasing the difference between the friction charge densities of the first friction layer 1 and the second friction layer 5 is beneficial to improving the power generation power.
In this embodiment, the isolation layer 3 is made of an insulating material, so as to prevent the first electrode layer 2 from contacting the second electrode layer 4 to cause a short circuit. The first friction layer 1 and the second friction layer 5 can be made of a dielectric material having thermoplastic properties, such as fluorinated ethylene propylene, polyethylene or polydimethylsiloxane; the first electrode layer 2 and the second electrode layer 4 may be made of a metal material, an oxide material, an organic polymer material, or a carbon material, such as indium tin oxide, nano silver, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, or graphene. The thickness of each layer of the drawn functional fiber can be controlled within 40um-400um, and the side length of the cross section structure of the functional fiber can be controlled within 0.2mm-2 mm. The functional fibers formed in this embodiment may be woven into a fabric to generate electricity by friction between the first frictional layer 1 and the first frictional layer 1 in contact with each other, or the first frictional layer 1 and the second frictional layer 5 in contact with each other. Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of another functional fiber prepared by the method of preparing a functional fiber according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, wherein the another functional fiber prepared by the method of the present embodiment includes a shell 6 and a core; the end face of the shell 6 is rectangular, the shell 6 is formed by splicing four plate pieces and putting the four plate pieces into a vacuum drying box for curing, the shell 6 is made of elastic insulating materials, and two ends of the made shell 6 are both of an open structure.
The inner core comprises a first electrode layer 2, a first friction layer 1, an air layer 7 and a second electrode layer 4 which are arranged in a laminated manner; when the preform is manufactured, the shell 6 is manufactured, then the inner core is manufactured, and then the inner core is placed in the shell 6 to form the preform.
When the inner core is manufactured, a groove is processed on one surface, back to the first electrode layer 2, of the first friction layer 1 by using an engraving machine, and then the first electrode layer 2, the first friction layer 1 and the second electrode layer 4 are sequentially bonded to form the inner core; wherein the area between the recess and the second electrode layer 4 forms an air layer 7. The air layer 7, i.e. the cavity, provides space for contact friction and restoration between the materials. And moreover, a millimeter-scale groove is processed on the surface of the first electrode layer 2 at the preform stage, and after the groove is subjected to thermal stretching, a micrometer-scale surface structure is formed on the surface of the functional fiber, so that the effect of enhancing frictional electrification is achieved. In friction, increasing the friction charge density by changing the physical structure of the friction material surface is an effective method for increasing the amount of electric charge and increasing the output voltage.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of another functional fiber prepared by the method for preparing a functional fiber according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, wherein the inner core of the another functional fiber prepared by the method according to the embodiment further includes a second friction layer 5, and the second friction layer 5 is located between the second electrode layer 4 and the air layer 7.
In the present embodiment, the housing 6 may be made of a thermoplastic elastomer SEBS (Styrene Ethylene Styrene, Styrene-Ethylene-Butylene-Styrene block copolymer). The first electrode layer 2 and the second electrode layer 4 are separated by the first friction layer 1 and the air layer 7, or by the first friction layer 1, the air layer 7, and the second friction layer 5, and therefore the separator 3 is not required. The first friction layer 1 and the second friction layer 5 can be made of a dielectric material having thermoplastic properties, such as fluorinated ethylene propylene, polyethylene or polydimethylsiloxane; the first electrode layer 2 and the second electrode layer 4 can be made of metal material, oxide material, organic polymer material or carbon material, for example, indium tin oxide, nano silver, carbon nanotube, carbon nanofiber or graphene. The thickness of each layer of the drawn functional fiber can be controlled within 40um-400um, and the side length of the cross section structure of the functional fiber can be controlled within 0.2mm-2 mm. The functional fiber obtained in the embodiment can be singly used for generating electricity. When the prepared functional fiber only has the first friction layer 1, electricity generation is carried out by means of friction between the first friction layer 1 and the second electrode layer 4. When the prepared functional fiber has the first friction layer 1 and the second friction layer 5, electricity is generated by means of friction of the first friction layer 1 and the second friction layer 5.
Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of another functional fiber prepared by the method for preparing a functional fiber according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, wherein the another functional fiber prepared by the method in the embodiment includes a first electrode layer 2, an air layer 7, a first friction layer 1, a second electrode layer 4, and a shell 6, which are concentrically disposed, and the shell 6 is made of an elastic insulating material, and the end surface of the functional fiber has a circular shape, and when the functional fiber is not subjected to a force, the functional fiber maintains the circular cross section, supports an internal structure, can deform when being pressed, and can recover to the original shape after the pressure is removed.
In this embodiment, the functional fiber housing 6 made of the insulating material can avoid short circuit with the second electrode layer 4. The first friction layer 1 may be made of thermoplastic material, and has a certain flexibility due to its thickness of tens of micrometers. The first electrode layer 2 and the second electrode layer 4 may be made of a thermoplastic conductive polymer or a single-walled carbon nanotube or a multi-walled carbon nanotube or graphene or multi-layered graphene. The first electrode layer 2 and the first friction layer 1 need to have a difference in triboelectric charge density, so that they have different electron gaining and losing capabilities.
The prefabricated rod is manufactured by adopting a film rolling technology, and the method specifically comprises the following steps; and winding the first electrode layer 2 on the outer ring of a round bar and rolling the round bar for a half circle, wherein the round bar can be a steel bar or a ceramic bar, and the surface of the round bar can be wrapped with polytetrafluoroethylene. The polytetrafluoroethylene has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, low friction coefficient and the like, can be used as a non-stick coating to play a role in lubrication, and is convenient for the separation of the round rod and the prefabricated rod in the later period. Then, winding the first friction layer 1 on the outer ring of the first electrode layer 2 and rolling for a plurality of circles; winding the second electrode layer 4 on the outer ring of the first friction layer 1 and rolling for a plurality of circles; winding the shell 6 on the outer ring of the second electrode layer 4 and rolling for a plurality of circles; heating and solidifying the mixture in a vacuum box to form a prefabricated rod, and taking out the round rod; wherein the region between the first electrode layer 2 and the first friction layer 1 forms an air layer 7. The first electrode layer 2 is not strictly limited to a half turn, and may be slightly larger or smaller. And then, drawing the prefabricated rod into functional fiber, keeping the original section shape of the fiber, and realizing the collection and sensing of wearable mechanical energy.
Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of another functional fiber prepared by the method for preparing a functional fiber according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, wherein the another functional fiber prepared by the method according to the embodiment includes a first electrode layer 2 and a first friction layer 1 concentrically disposed; the method specifically comprises the following steps when manufacturing the prefabricated rod; winding the first friction layer 1 on the outer ring of the round bar and rolling for a plurality of circles; the round bar is taken out and the first electrode layer 2 is placed into the inner ring of the first friction layer 1 to form a preform. And drawing the prefabricated rod to obtain the functional fiber with the corresponding section structure. When the functional fiber is used, the two functional fibers are usually used together, the first friction layers 1 on the surfaces of the two functional fibers are used for mutual friction power generation, the peripheral friction materials of the two functional fibers which are matched with each other can be different, the ability of getting lost electrons is different, the larger the friction charge density difference between the two functional fibers is, and the better the friction power generation effect is.
Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of another functional fiber prepared by the method for preparing a functional fiber according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8, wherein the another functional fiber prepared by the method in the embodiment may only include the first electrode layer 2, in which case, the electrode material may be directly drawn into the functional fiber, and in which case, the electrode material directly rubs against the first friction layer 1 to generate electricity.
For example, the first friction layer 1 may be a polymer layer having thermoplasticity, including silicone rubber, nitrile rubber, polyethylene, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyester, nylon, polyurethane elastomer, styrene propylene, or a thermoplastic modified material based on these materials.
The first electrode layer 2 may be a metal wire, a liquid metal or a conductive thermoplastic organic polymer and a composite thereof, and is required to have a characteristic of conducting charges generated by friction.
When the first electrode layer 2 is made of a solid conductive material, the first electrode layer 2 is inserted into the inner ring of the first friction layer 1 to form a preform, and then the preform is drawn into a functional fiber.
When the first electrode layer 2 is made of a liquid conductive material, one end of the first friction layer 1 is sealed, the first electrode layer 2 is poured into the inner ring of the first friction layer 1, the other end of the first friction layer 1 is sealed to form a prefabricated rod, and then the prefabricated rod is drawn into a functional fiber.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of making a functional fiber, comprising:
manufacturing a prefabricated rod consistent with the cross-sectional structure of the functional fiber according to the cross-sectional structure of the functional fiber;
and stretching the preform by a hot drawing process to form the functional fiber.
2. The method for producing a functional fiber according to claim 1,
the functional fiber comprises a first friction layer, a first electrode layer, an isolation layer and a second electrode layer which are arranged in a laminated manner;
and during the manufacturing of the prefabricated rod, the first friction layer, the first electrode layer, the isolation layer and the second electrode layer are sequentially bonded from top to bottom to form the prefabricated rod.
3. The method for producing a functional fiber according to claim 2,
The functional fiber further comprises a second friction layer, wherein the second friction layer has a different friction charge density from the first friction layer;
and bonding the second friction layer to one surface of the second electrode layer, which is opposite to the isolating layer, when the prefabricated rod is manufactured, so as to form the prefabricated rod.
4. The method for producing a functional fiber according to claim 1,
the functional fiber comprises a shell and an inner core;
the end face of the shell is rectangular, the shell is formed by splicing four plates and putting the plates into a vacuum drying box for curing, and the shell is made of elastic insulating materials;
the inner core comprises a first electrode layer, a first friction layer, an air layer and a second electrode layer which are arranged in a laminated manner;
when the preform is manufactured, the shell is manufactured firstly, then the inner core is manufactured, and then the inner core is placed into the shell to form the preform.
5. The method for producing a functional fiber according to claim 4,
when the inner core is manufactured, a groove is processed on one surface, back to the first electrode layer, of the first friction layer by using an engraving machine, and then the first electrode layer, the first friction layer and the second electrode layer are sequentially bonded to form the inner core; wherein a region between the groove and the second electrode layer forms the air layer.
6. The method for producing a functional fiber according to claim 5,
the inner core further comprises a second friction layer located between the second electrode layer and the air layer.
7. The method for producing a functional fiber according to claim 1,
the functional fiber comprises a first electrode layer, an air layer, a first friction layer, a second electrode layer and a shell which are concentrically arranged, and the shell is made of elastic insulating materials;
the preparation of the preform specifically comprises the following steps;
winding the first electrode layer on the outer ring of the round bar and rolling the first electrode layer for a half turn;
winding a first friction layer on the outer ring of the first electrode layer and rolling for a plurality of circles;
winding a second electrode layer on the outer ring of the first friction layer and rolling for a plurality of circles;
winding the shell on the outer ring of the second electrode layer and rolling for a plurality of circles;
taking out the round rod, and heating and curing the round rod through a vacuum box to form the preform;
wherein a region between the first electrode layer and the first friction layer forms the air layer.
8. The method for producing a functional fiber according to claim 1,
The functional fiber comprises a first electrode layer and a first friction layer which are concentrically arranged;
the preparation of the preform specifically comprises the following steps;
winding the first friction layer on the outer ring of the round bar and rolling the first friction layer for a plurality of circles;
and taking out the round bar, and putting the first electrode layer into the inner ring of the first friction layer to form the prefabricated bar.
9. The method for producing a functional fiber according to claim 8,
and when the first electrode layer is made of a solid conductive material, inserting the first electrode layer into the inner ring of the first friction layer to form the prefabricated rod.
10. The method for producing a functional fiber according to claim 8,
when the first electrode layer is made of a liquid conductive material, one end of the first friction layer is sealed, the first electrode layer is poured into the inner ring of the first friction layer, and then the other end of the first friction layer is sealed, so that the prefabricated rod is formed.
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