CN114824695A - Single-pole multi-throw coaxial switch with load end - Google Patents
Single-pole multi-throw coaxial switch with load end Download PDFInfo
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- CN114824695A CN114824695A CN202210383532.2A CN202210383532A CN114824695A CN 114824695 A CN114824695 A CN 114824695A CN 202210383532 A CN202210383532 A CN 202210383532A CN 114824695 A CN114824695 A CN 114824695A
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- microwave
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/10—Auxiliary devices for switching or interrupting
- H01P1/12—Auxiliary devices for switching or interrupting by mechanical chopper
- H01P1/125—Coaxial switches
Abstract
The invention provides a single-pole multi-throw coaxial switch with a load end; comprises a shell, a circuit control mechanism, an electromagnetic driving mechanism and a microwave transmission mechanism; a microwave cavity is arranged in the base of the shell; a movable reed of the electromagnetic driving mechanism is fixed on an armature, the armature is hinged on a base of the shell, and two hinged ends of the armature are provided with attraction ends; the circuit control mechanism realizes the on-off keeping or the off-off current of a plurality of output electromagnet assemblies or a plurality of load electromagnet assemblies in the electromagnetic driving mechanism; the lower end of a first push rod of the microwave transmission mechanism extends into the microwave cavity and is fixedly connected with a first microwave reed, and a first spring is sleeved on the first push rod; the lower end of the second push rod extends into the microwave cavity and is fixedly connected with a second microwave reed, and a second spring is sleeved on the second push rod; two ends of the movable spring are respectively aligned with the first push rod and the second push rod of the corresponding spring component. The coaxial switch solves the problems of signal leakage and mutual interference of a hollow port in the high-frequency multi-channel coaxial switch.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a radio frequency coaxial switch, in particular to a single-pole multi-throw coaxial switch with a load end.
Background
The radio frequency coaxial switch is a passive device which takes a coaxial connector as a radio frequency leading-out end, switches/selects a microwave signal channel as required and realizes high-quality signal transmission, is an indispensable basic element in a multi-channel microwave system and has the advantages of low standing wave, low insertion loss, wide band, high power resistance and the like.
With the development of electronic countermeasure technology and the upgrade of military equipment, the common coaxial switch cannot meet the requirement of system equipment reliability, and the requirement of high-frequency, high-power and multi-channel coaxial switches is increasing day by day. A plurality of coaxial switches are combined to a switch matrix system for microwave signal routing, the switches are connected to the output end of a signal source, and the output end of the switches is connected with a plurality of functional load devices. Due to the large number of switch matrix output paths, any idle open circuit transmission line may resonate in the microwave frequency range. This resonance may reflect electrical energy back to the rf source in operation, causing damage thereto. For high frequency, high power systems, the damage is more severe because the isolation is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a single-pole multi-throw coaxial switch with a load end, which has a reasonable structure and reduces the signal interference of an idle radio frequency port.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a single-pole multi-throw coaxial switch with a load end;
comprises a shell, a circuit control mechanism, an electromagnetic driving mechanism and a microwave transmission mechanism;
the shell comprises an outer cover and a base, a cavity is formed between the outer cover and the base, the circuit control mechanism and the electromagnetic driving mechanism are arranged in the cavity, and a microwave cavity is formed in the base of the shell;
the electromagnetic driving mechanism comprises a plurality of output electromagnet assemblies, a plurality of load electromagnet assemblies and a plurality of transmission assemblies, the output electromagnet assemblies, the load electromagnet assemblies and the transmission assemblies are in one-to-one correspondence, the output electromagnet assemblies and the load electromagnet assemblies are identical in structure and respectively comprise magnetic steel, an iron core, a coil and a yoke, the transmission assemblies comprise armatures and movable spring pieces, the movable spring pieces are fixed on the armatures, the armatures are hinged on a base of the shell, two hinged ends of the armatures are provided with suction ends, the two suction ends of the armatures are respectively matched with the iron cores of the corresponding output electromagnet assemblies and the iron cores of the corresponding load electromagnet assemblies, and the two ends of the movable spring pieces are pressing ends;
the circuit control mechanism is provided with a plurality of power supply control ports which extend into the outer side of the shell and controls the connection, the keeping or the cut-off of a plurality of output electromagnet assemblies or a plurality of load electromagnet assemblies in the electromagnetic driving mechanism;
the microwave transmission mechanism comprises an input coaxial interface, a plurality of output coaxial interfaces, a plurality of load interfaces and a plurality of reed assemblies;
the input coaxial interface, the output coaxial interfaces and the load interfaces are all fixed on the outer side of the base of the shell, and the central inner conductor of the input coaxial interface, the central inner conductor of the output coaxial interface and the inner conductor of the load interface all extend into the microwave cavity of the base;
the spring assemblies comprise a first microwave reed, a second microwave reed, a first spring, a first push rod, a second spring and a second push rod, the first microwave reed and the second microwave reed are positioned in the microwave cavity, the lower end of the first push rod extends into the microwave cavity and is fixedly connected with the first microwave reed, the upper end of the first push rod extends to the cavity of the shell, the first spring is sleeved on the first push rod, the first spring is respectively abutted between the upper end of the first push rod and the base of the shell, and two ends of the first microwave reed are respectively aligned with the central inner conductor of the input coaxial interface and the central inner conductor of the corresponding output coaxial interface;
the lower end of a second push rod extends into the microwave cavity and is fixedly connected with a second microwave reed, the upper end of the second push rod extends to the cavity of the shell, a second spring is sleeved on the second push rod and abuts against between the upper end of the second push rod and the base of the shell, and two ends of the second microwave reed are aligned to a central inner conductor of the corresponding output coaxial interface and a corresponding load inner conductor respectively;
the pressing ends at two ends of the movable spring in the transmission assembly are respectively aligned to the first push rod and the second push rod of the corresponding spring assembly, and the movable spring of the transmission assembly can only be matched with the first push rod or the second push rod at the same time.
For a clearer understanding of the technical content of the present invention, the single-pole multi-throw coaxial switch with a load terminal is simply referred to as the present coaxial switch hereinafter.
Preferably, the circuit control mechanism is a TTL self-turn-off control circuit, and the power control port employs a welding pin.
Preferably, the input coaxial interface and the output coaxial interfaces of the microwave transmission mechanism adopt SMA jack connectors, and the load interface is provided with a 50 Ω load resistor.
Preferably, the coaxial switch is characterized in that the output coaxial interfaces and the load interfaces are uniformly and circumferentially distributed along the input coaxial interface as a center.
Preferably, a connection line from a projection center point of the input coaxial interface on the base of the housing to a projection center point of the output coaxial interface on the base of the housing is not collinear with a connection line from a projection center point of the corresponding input coaxial interface on the base of the housing to a projection center point of the corresponding load interface on the base of the housing, and a length of the connection line from the projection center point of the input coaxial interface on the base of the housing to the projection center point of the output coaxial interface on the base of the housing is greater than a length of a connection line from the projection center point of the corresponding input coaxial interface on the base of the housing to the projection center point of the corresponding load interface on the base of the housing.
Preferably, in the microwave transmission mechanism, the first microwave reed and the first push rod are in hot riveting, and the second microwave reed and the second push rod are in hot riveting.
Preferably, the base of the housing includes a cavity cover and a base, a groove is formed on an end surface of the base close to one side of the cavity, the cavity cover is fixedly connected to an end surface of the base close to one side of the cavity, and a microwave cavity is formed between the base and the cavity cover.
After the structure is adopted, the coaxial switch is a single-pole multi-throw magnetic holding structure, the radio frequency terminal is matched with the load, namely each channel is a group of magnetic holding type single-pole double-throw systems, the coaxial switch can realize an integrated electromagnetic driving system by using a plurality of output electromagnet assemblies and a plurality of load electromagnet assemblies, and the coaxial switch is characterized in that the external magnetic circuits of each group of battery systems are connected together, so that the volume is smaller on the premise that the electromagnetic driving force ensures reliable action.
Output electromagnet assembly and load electromagnet assembly abandon the iron core riveting mode commonly used on coil and yoke equipment mode, change into iron core threaded connection, and the benefit of this mounting means is that the iron core height-adjustable, when workman debugs electromagnetic parameter, can eliminate the error influence that the accumulative tolerance of part machining size leads to through fine setting iron core.
The circuit control mechanism applies rated working voltage, selects a channel to transmit an electric signal to a corresponding coil of the electromagnetic driving system, converts electric energy into magnetic energy, pushes the conversion assembly to move, completes the connection of a corresponding radio frequency channel of the microwave transmission system, and inputs and outputs a radio frequency signal through the radio frequency interface.
The coaxial switch is directly arranged in an SMA coaxial load at the radio frequency output end, the frequency reaches 18GHz, the voltage standing wave ratio is less than 1.2, the absorbed power is 2W, the impedance is 50 omega, the signal interference of an empty radio frequency port is effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the energy of a reflected signal is absorbed by the coaxial load to protect a radio frequency source.
The coaxial switch has the beneficial technical effects that: the design of the magnetic latching single-pole multi-throw coaxial switch with the built-in coaxial load end is completed, the problems of signal leakage, mutual interference and radio frequency source damage of an idle port in the use process of the high-frequency multi-channel coaxial switch are effectively solved, high-quality transmission of radio frequency signals is guaranteed, and the technology fills the technical gap of the domestic coaxial switch with the load end.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a left side view of one embodiment of the coaxial switch.
Fig. 2 is a second left side view of the coaxial switch embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a bottom view of the microwave transmission mechanism and housing base in this coaxial switch embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along a-a of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a front view of the spring assembly and chamber cover in this coaxial switch embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a bottom view of fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission assembly in the coaxial switch embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Please refer to fig. 1 to 7 (the housing 11 is omitted in fig. 2).
The coaxial switch comprises a shell, a circuit control mechanism 3, an electromagnetic driving mechanism and a microwave transmission mechanism.
The shell comprises an outer cover 11 and a base 12, a cavity is formed between the outer cover 11 and the base 12, the circuit control mechanism 3 and the electromagnetic driving mechanism are both arranged in the cavity, the base 12 of the shell comprises a cavity cover 12a and a seat body 12b, a groove is formed in the end face of one side, close to the cavity, of the seat body 12b, the cavity cover 12a is fixedly connected to the end face of one side, close to the cavity, of the seat body 12b, and a microwave cavity 12c is formed between the seat body 12b and the cavity cover 12 a.
The electromagnetic driving mechanism comprises six groups of output electromagnet assemblies 21, six groups of load electromagnet assemblies 22 and six groups of transmission assemblies 23, wherein the six groups of output electromagnet assemblies 21, the six groups of load electromagnet assemblies 22 and the six groups of transmission assemblies 23 are in one-to-one correspondence.
The transmission assembly 23 comprises an armature 23a and a movable reed 23b, the movable reed 23b is fixedly installed on the armature 23a, the armature 23a is hinged on the cavity cover 12a of the housing base 12 through a rotating shaft 23c, the hinged two ends of the armature 23a are provided with attraction ends, the two attraction ends of the armature 23a are matched with the iron core of the corresponding output electromagnet assembly 21 and the iron core of the corresponding load electromagnet assembly 22, and the two ends of the movable reed 23b are pressing ends;
the electromagnetic force generated by the output electromagnet assembly 21 or the load electromagnet assembly 22 pushes the armature 23a and the movable spring 23b to move up and down, so that the transmission assembly 23 is pushed, and the on-state transition of the coaxial switch is realized.
The circuit control mechanism 3 is a TTL self-turn-off control circuit. The circuit control mechanism 3 is provided with a plurality of power supply control ports, wherein the power supply control ports adopt welding pins 31, the power supply control ports extend into the outer side of the shell, and the circuit control mechanism 3 controls the connection, the holding or the cut-off of six groups of output electromagnet assemblies 21 or six groups of load electromagnet assemblies 22 in the electromagnetic driving mechanism.
A TTL self-turn-off control circuit is adopted to realize the turn-on and hold of a six-way channel (TTL 1-6) and cut off the current. The wiring and function of the circuit control port are illustrated in table 1, as follows:
TABLE 1 functional description of each power control port
The microwave transmission mechanism comprises an input coaxial interface 41, six output coaxial interfaces 42, six load interfaces 43 and six groups of reed assemblies.
The input coaxial port 41, six output coaxial ports 42 and six load ports 43 are all fixed outside the base 12 of the housing and the central inner conductor of the input coaxial port 41, the central inner conductor of the output coaxial port 42 and the inner conductor of the load port 43 all extend into the microwave cavity 12c of the base 12.
The input coaxial interface 41 and six output coaxial interfaces 42 of the microwave transmission mechanism adopt SMA jack connectors, and six load interfaces 43 are provided with 50 Ω load resistors.
The six output coaxial connectors 42 and the six load connectors 43 are respectively distributed in a uniform circumferential distribution around the input coaxial connector 41. The connecting line from the projection center point of the input coaxial interface 41 on the base 12 of the housing to the projection center point of the output coaxial interface 42 on the base 12 of the housing is not collinear with the connecting line from the projection center point of the corresponding input coaxial interface 41 on the base 12 of the housing to the projection center point of the corresponding load interface 43 on the base 12 of the housing, and the length of the connecting line from the projection center point of the input coaxial interface 41 on the base 12 of the housing to the projection center point of the output coaxial interface 42 on the base 12 of the housing is longer than the length of the connecting line from the projection center point of the corresponding input coaxial interface 41 on the base 12 of the housing to the projection center point of the corresponding load interface 43 on the base 12 of the housing.
The input coaxial interface 41 and the corresponding output coaxial interface 42 and the corresponding load interface 43 are connected in sequence to form a 7 shape, the adopted 7-shaped structure effectively reduces the outer diameter of the microwave transmission assembly, can meet the requirement of miniaturization of the switch volume, and simultaneously well solves the problem of matching of the radio frequency coaxial transmission line and the coaxial load.
The six output coaxial interfaces 42, the six load interfaces 43 and the six groups of spring assemblies are in one-to-one correspondence, each spring assembly comprises a first microwave reed 44a, a second microwave reed 44b, a first spring 44c, a first push rod 44e, a second spring 44d and a second push rod 44f, the first microwave reed 44a and the second microwave reed 44b are located in the microwave cavity 12c, the lower end of the first push rod 44e extends into the microwave cavity 12c and is fixedly connected with the first microwave reed 44a, the upper end of the first push rod 44e extends to a cavity of the shell, the first spring 44c is sleeved on the first push rod 44e, the first spring 44c is respectively abutted between the upper end of the first push rod 44e and the base 12 of the shell, and two ends of the first microwave reed 44a are respectively aligned with a central inner conductor of the input coaxial interface 41 and a central inner conductor of the corresponding output coaxial interface 42.
The lower end of the second push rod 44f extends into the microwave cavity 12c and is fixedly connected with the second microwave reed 44b, the upper end of the second push rod 44f extends to the cavity of the housing, the second spring 44d is sleeved on the second push rod 44f, the second spring 44d is respectively abutted between the upper end of the second push rod 44f and the base 12 of the housing, and two ends of the second microwave reed 44b are respectively aligned with the central inner conductor and the corresponding load inner conductor of the corresponding output coaxial connector 42.
In the microwave transmission mechanism, the first microwave reed 44a and the first push rod 44e are in hot riveting, and the second microwave reed 44b and the second push rod 44f are in hot riveting, so that the longitudinal space is reduced in a conventional push rod clamping and fixing mode, the microwave transmission mechanism is suitable for the miniaturization design of the product volume, the motion consistency of the push rod is ensured, and the product reliability is improved.
In the initial state, both ends of the first microwave reed 44a are not in contact with the center inner conductor of the input coaxial interface 41 and the center inner conductor of the corresponding output coaxial interface 42, and both ends of the second microwave reed 44b are not in contact with the center inner conductor of the corresponding output coaxial interface 42 and the corresponding load inner conductor.
The transmission assemblies 23 of the electromagnetic driving mechanism correspond to the spring assemblies of the microwave transmission mechanism one by one, the pressing ends at two ends of the movable spring 23b in the transmission assembly 23 are respectively aligned with the first push rod 44e and the second push rod 44f of the corresponding spring assemblies, and the movable spring 23b of the transmission assembly 23 can only be matched with the first push rod 44e or the second push rod 44f at the same time.
The coaxial switch is a single-pole six-throw magnetic holding structure, the radio frequency terminals are matched with loads, namely each channel is a group of magnetic holding type single-pole double-throw systems, the coaxial switch can be realized through six groups of output electromagnet assemblies 21 and six groups of load electromagnet assemblies 22, an integrated electromagnetic driving mechanism is designed, outer magnetic circuits of each group of battery systems are connected together, and the size is smaller on the premise that the electromagnetic driving force ensures reliable action.
The above description is only one embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these should also be considered as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A single-pole multi-throw coaxial switch with a load end is characterized in that:
comprises a shell, a circuit control mechanism, an electromagnetic driving mechanism and a microwave transmission mechanism;
the shell comprises an outer cover and a base, a cavity is formed between the outer cover and the base, the circuit control mechanism and the electromagnetic driving mechanism are arranged in the cavity, and a microwave cavity is formed in the base of the shell;
the electromagnetic driving mechanism comprises a plurality of output electromagnet assemblies, a plurality of load electromagnet assemblies and a plurality of transmission assemblies, the output electromagnet assemblies, the load electromagnet assemblies and the transmission assemblies are in one-to-one correspondence, the output electromagnet assemblies and the load electromagnet assemblies are identical in structure and respectively comprise magnetic steel, an iron core, a coil and a yoke, the transmission assemblies comprise armatures and movable spring pieces, the movable spring pieces are fixed on the armatures, the armatures are hinged on a base of the shell, two hinged ends of the armatures are provided with suction ends, the two suction ends of the armatures are respectively matched with the iron cores of the corresponding output electromagnet assemblies and the iron cores of the corresponding load electromagnet assemblies, and the two ends of the movable spring pieces are pressing ends;
the circuit control mechanism is provided with a plurality of power supply control ports which extend into the outer side of the shell and controls the connection, the keeping or the cut-off of a plurality of output electromagnet assemblies or a plurality of load electromagnet assemblies in the electromagnetic driving mechanism;
the microwave transmission mechanism comprises an input coaxial interface, a plurality of output coaxial interfaces, a plurality of load interfaces and a plurality of reed assemblies;
the input coaxial interface, the output coaxial interfaces and the load interfaces are all fixed on the outer side of the base of the shell, and the central inner conductor of the input coaxial interface, the central inner conductor of the output coaxial interface and the inner conductor of the load interface all extend into the microwave cavity of the base;
the spring assemblies comprise a first microwave reed, a second microwave reed, a first spring, a first push rod, a second spring and a second push rod, the first microwave reed and the second microwave reed are positioned in the microwave cavity, the lower end of the first push rod extends into the microwave cavity and is fixedly connected with the first microwave reed, the upper end of the first push rod extends to the cavity of the shell, the first spring is sleeved on the first push rod, the first spring is respectively abutted between the upper end of the first push rod and the base of the shell, and two ends of the first microwave reed are respectively aligned with the central inner conductor of the input coaxial interface and the central inner conductor of the corresponding output coaxial interface;
the lower end of a second push rod extends into the microwave cavity and is fixedly connected with a second microwave reed, the upper end of the second push rod extends to the cavity of the shell, a second spring is sleeved on the second push rod and abuts against between the upper end of the second push rod and the base of the shell, and two ends of the second microwave reed are aligned to a central inner conductor of the corresponding output coaxial interface and a corresponding load inner conductor respectively;
the pressing ends at two ends of the movable spring in the transmission assembly are respectively aligned to the first push rod and the second push rod of the corresponding spring assembly, and the movable spring of the transmission assembly can only be matched with the first push rod or the second push rod at the same time.
2. The single-pole, multi-throw, load-side coaxial switch of claim 1, wherein:
the circuit control mechanism is a TTL self-turn-off control circuit, wherein a welding pin is adopted by a power supply control port.
3. The single-pole, multi-throw, load-side coaxial switch of claim 1, wherein:
the input coaxial interface and the output coaxial interfaces of the microwave transmission mechanism adopt SMA jack connectors, and a 50 omega load resistor is arranged in the load interface.
4. The single-pole, multi-throw, load-side coaxial switch of claim 1, wherein:
the output coaxial interfaces and the load interfaces are uniformly distributed circumferentially around the input coaxial interface.
5. The single-pole, multi-throw, load-side coaxial switch of claim 1, wherein:
the connecting line from the projection center point of the input coaxial interface on the base of the shell to the projection center point of the output coaxial interface on the base of the shell is not collinear with the connecting line from the projection center point of the corresponding input coaxial interface on the base of the shell to the projection center point of the corresponding load interface on the base of the shell, and the length of the connecting line from the projection center point of the input coaxial interface on the base of the shell to the projection center point of the output coaxial interface on the base of the shell is longer than the length of the connecting line from the projection center point of the corresponding input coaxial interface on the base of the shell to the projection center point of the corresponding load interface on the base of the shell.
6. The single-pole, multi-throw, load-side coaxial switch of claim 1, wherein:
and in the microwave transmission mechanism, the first microwave reed and the first push rod are in hot riveting, and the second microwave reed and the second push rod are in hot riveting.
7. The single-pole, multi-throw, load-side coaxial switch of claim 1, wherein:
the base of the shell comprises a cavity cover and a seat body, a groove is formed in the end face of one side, close to the cavity, of the seat body, the cavity cover is fixedly connected to the end face of one side, close to the cavity, of the seat body, and a microwave cavity is formed between the seat body and the cavity cover.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210383532.2A CN114824695A (en) | 2022-04-12 | 2022-04-12 | Single-pole multi-throw coaxial switch with load end |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210383532.2A CN114824695A (en) | 2022-04-12 | 2022-04-12 | Single-pole multi-throw coaxial switch with load end |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114824695A true CN114824695A (en) | 2022-07-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210383532.2A Pending CN114824695A (en) | 2022-04-12 | 2022-04-12 | Single-pole multi-throw coaxial switch with load end |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114824695A (en) |
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2022
- 2022-04-12 CN CN202210383532.2A patent/CN114824695A/en active Pending
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