CN114810006A - Potential evaluation method for regulating and controlling high-water-consumption zone by separate-layer water injection after heterogeneous flooding - Google Patents
Potential evaluation method for regulating and controlling high-water-consumption zone by separate-layer water injection after heterogeneous flooding Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for evaluating the potential of a high-water-consumption zone regulated and controlled by separated-layer water injection after heterogeneous flooding, which comprises the following steps: step 1, collecting and sorting block geology and developing related data, and developing numerical simulation research; step 2, screening main control factors of the regulation and control effect of the high-water-consumption zone based on a response surface analysis method; step 3, designing a numerical simulation model according to the screened main control factors, and predicting the development condition and the regulation and control effect of the high-water-consumption zone; step 4, establishing a prediction model of the regulation and control effect of the high-water-consumption zone by adopting a statistical regression method; and 5, obtaining comparison of regulation potentials of the high water consumption layers of different units according to the prediction model. The method for evaluating the potential of the high-water-consumption zone by the aid of the heterogeneous flooding post-zonal injection regulation and control of the high-water-consumption zone establishes a method for evaluating the regulation and control effect of the high-water-consumption zone, evaluates the regulation and control potential of the high-water-consumption zone, screens and queues the regulation and control potential of each development unit, and finally achieves the maximum profit and achievement of the oil field with the minimum economic investment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil and gas field development, in particular to a potential evaluation method for regulating and controlling a high-water-consumption zone by separate-layer water injection after heterogeneous flooding.
Background
After heterogeneous flooding, the heterogeneity of an oil layer is aggravated, a mutation point locally appears, a high-water-consumption zone develops, the distribution of residual oil is more complex, and the overall development effect of the oil reservoir is influenced by the local high-water-consumption zone. The research on the high water-consumption zone is limited to ineffective water circulation, high-depth zones, dominant seepage channels and the like, and for the development oil reservoir of the high water-consumption zone in an ultrahigh water-cut period, stratified water injection is an effective regulation and control means, but the regulation and control potential is not clear.
In the application No.: CN201910971837.3 relates to a method for regulating and controlling the water injection of a high-water-consumption zone development oil reservoir layer. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, collecting and sorting block geology and developing related data; step 2, obtaining a layered development index by applying a digital-analog simulation method; step 3, optimizing evaluation indexes of the water-consuming zone, and grading the high-water-consuming zone; step 4, screening a water injection regulation and control horizon according to the water consumption zone level by combining the development condition, and optimizing unit separate-layer water injection; and 5, finishing the optimization result, perfecting the layered water injection regulation and control scheme, and performing field implementation.
In the application No.: CN201910870315.4, which is a chinese patent application, relates to a method and a system for identifying a water-consuming zone of a high water-cut reservoir. The identification method comprises the following steps: fitting the production dynamics of the oil well and the water well by using a numerical reservoir simulator based on the geological data of a target area in the high water cut oil reservoir and the production dynamics data of the oil well and the water well in the target area to obtain a numerical reservoir simulation model; calculating the identification coefficient of a water consumption zone between each water well and an oil well around the water well based on the numerical reservoir simulation model; and identifying a development level of the water-consuming layer zone based on the identification coefficient of the water-consuming layer zone.
In the application No.: CN201610055967.9, chinese patent application, relates to a fracture-cavity type oil reservoir dynamic analysis and water injection management system. It includes: an oil reservoir water injection dynamic database and an oil reservoir dynamic analysis and water injection management platform; the oil reservoir water injection dynamic database is used for storing oil reservoir data information; the reservoir data information includes: oil deposit basic information, single well basic information and oil deposit and oil-water well production dynamic data; the oil reservoir dynamic analysis and water injection management platform comprises: the oil reservoir dynamic analysis module is used for carrying out oil reservoir engineering calculation and analysis on a single well, a single well fracture-hole unit, a multi-well fracture-hole unit, a block or an oil field according to oil reservoir data information to obtain an analysis result; the graph making module is used for drawing a graph according to the analysis result; and the data table making module is used for drawing the data table according to the analysis result.
The prior art is greatly different from the method, the technical problem which is required to be solved by the inventor is not solved, and therefore a novel evaluation method for regulating and controlling the potential of the high-water-consumption zone by the separated-layer water injection after heterogeneous flooding is invented.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for evaluating the potential of a high-water-consumption zone by controlling stratified water injection after heterogeneous flooding, which is based on an analytic hierarchy process to comprehensively evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of various control technologies and evaluate the control potential of the high-water-consumption zone and has very important significance for guiding the benefit development of an oil field in an ultra-high water-cut period.
The object of the invention can be achieved by the following technical measures: the method for evaluating the potential of the high-water-consumption zone regulated by the separated layer water injection after the heterogeneous flooding comprises the following steps:
step 2, screening main control factors of the regulation and control effect of the high-water-consumption zone based on a response surface analysis method;
step 3, designing a numerical simulation model according to the screened main control factors, and predicting the development condition and the regulation and control effect of the high-water-consumption zone;
step 4, establishing a prediction model of the regulation and control effect of the high-water-consumption zone by adopting a statistical regression method;
and 5, obtaining comparison of regulation potentials of the high water consumption layers of different units according to the prediction model.
The object of the invention can also be achieved by the following technical measures:
in step 1, the collected data includes static data and dynamic data, wherein the static data includes: sand thickness, porosity, permeability, net-to-gross ratio, sand distribution condition, oil-water boundary, oil-containing height, original formation pressure, oil-water density, viscosity, oil-water high-pressure physical properties; the dynamic data includes: monthly data of oil-water wells, well history data, phase permeation curves and injection pv number of heterogeneous systems.
In step 2, a reasonable experimental design method is utilized, certain data are obtained through experiments, a multivariate quadratic regression equation is adopted to fit the functional relation between the factors and the response values, and the influence significance degree of the factors on the response values is compared through variance analysis.
The step 2 comprises the following steps:
step 2a, determining modeling factors and a response surface;
step 2b, after determining modeling factors and response surfaces, applying a CBD full-scale center combined design experiment;
and 2c, after the modeling and response surface is determined, carrying out variance analysis and determining main control factors.
In step 2a, factors of model scheme design consideration are determined according to control factors of formation and evolution of the high water-consumption zone, wherein the factors comprise porosity, permeability grade difference, underground crude oil viscosity, effective thickness of stratum, injection-production strength and compression coefficient of rock, and the response surface is used for improving the amplitude of accumulated oil production.
In step 2b, three level values of the highest level, the lowest level and the middle level are taken for each single factor, and after the level factors are designed, a corresponding test design table is generated.
In step 2c, the sum of squared deviations and degrees of freedom in the variation are first decomposed into a plurality of parts according to the source of the variation; then, evaluating the variation of the response part, and comparing the variation of each part with the variation in the group to obtain a statistic F value; finally, determining a final P value according to the F value, and making statistical judgment; the influence degree of each factor on the response surface is mainly focused on the P value, when the P value is less than the significance level alpha of 0.05, the factor is shown to have significant influence on the response surface, and the smaller the value is, the stronger the significance is.
In step 3, when designing the numerical simulation model, according to the main control factors determined in step 2, models meeting the actual oil reservoir and at different factor levels are established, and the development condition of the high water consumption zone is predicted.
In the step 3, layered water injection regulation and control are carried out on the high water-consumption zone development oil reservoir, after regulation and control, the optimized regulation and control effect evaluation indexes comprise an economic life prolonging development period index W1, a water consumption change index W2 and an accumulative oil production increasing amplitude index W3, and the optimized three evaluation indexes are applied to predict the regulation and control effect.
In step 3, the extended economic life development period index W1 is the longest operating time of the oil field development project calculated under the condition that the economic and technical conditions are not changed.
In step 3, the economic water consumption is the maximum water injection quantity required to be consumed by unit oil production under the existing economic and technical conditions, so that the index is a certain value under the condition of a given oil price; if the water consumption of the small floor/economic water consumption is more than 1, the development of the area is based on the claim; if the value is less than 1, the profit is obtained; the water consumption change index W2 is the ratio of the water consumption change of a certain water consumption zone after corresponding measures are taken in the oil field to the water consumption of a small layer before the measures are taken.
In step 3, the cumulative oil production is defined as the total amount of crude oil which is cumulatively produced in the whole well or oil field at the current stage; the accumulated oil production gives the water injection oil extraction condition from the initial production stage to the current stage of the oil field, and reflects the utilization condition of the water injection energy of the oil reservoir.
In step 4, different models are established according to the main control factors determined in step 2, after regulation and control are performed on the development condition of the high water-consumption zone, the economic life development period index W1, the water consumption change index W2 and the accumulated oil production increase amplitude index W3 are combined with the regulation and control effect evaluation index determined in step 3, a digital model result is fitted, and a prediction model method of the layered water injection regulation and control effect is established through a single-factor and multi-factor analysis and regression regulation and control effect prediction formula.
In step 5, determining a regulation and control strategy corresponding to each block of the oil reservoir according to a regulation and control effect prediction method; and calculating the regulation potential corresponding to each oil reservoir block according to a regression formula of the regulation effect, and evaluating the regulation potential of the high-water-consumption zone according to the comprehensive evaluation index.
In step 5, the calculation formula of the regulation potential corresponding to each reservoir block is as follows:
F(f 1 ,f 2 ,…,f n )＝Dλ T in the formula, F is a potential calculation method; f: represent different regulation modes;
wherein the membership degree D ═ D 1 ,d 2 ,…,d n Is the weight vector λ ═ λ 1 ,λ 2 ,…λ n }。
According to the method for evaluating the potential of the high-water-consumption zone regulated by the separated-layer water injection after the heterogeneous flooding, the relation between the regulation effect of the high-water-consumption zone and the basic geology and development parameters of the oil reservoir and the typical characteristics of the high-water-consumption zone is analyzed by using a statistical method, and a prediction method of the regulation effect is established. The oil deposit parameters comprise development parameters, geological parameters, high water consumption zone performance characteristics and the like; the regulation and control effects comprise prolonging the economic development life, water consumption change, accumulative oil production change and the like. The method selects indexes such as the extension of the development period of the economic life, the change of water consumption, the increase range of the accumulated oil production and the like as the evaluation standard of the regulation and control effect, comprehensively evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of each regulation and control technology by applying an analytic hierarchy process, establishes the evaluation method of the regulation and control effect of the high water consumption zone, and evaluates the regulation and control potential of the high water consumption zone. Screening and queuing the regulation and control potentials of the development units, and finally achieving the maximum profit and achievement of the oil field with the minimum economic investment. The method combines the geological characteristics and the development characteristics of the oil reservoir after heterogeneous flooding of the assembled oil field, comprehensively judges the advantages and disadvantages of each regulation and control technology based on the analytic hierarchy process, establishes a regulation and control effect evaluation method for the high water consumption zone, and evaluates the regulation and control potential of the high water consumption zone. The achievement has very important significance for guiding the benefit development of the oil field in the ultra-high water-cut period.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of an embodiment of the method for evaluating the potential of a high-water-consumption zone by controlling stratified water injection after heterogeneous flooding according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a main control factor determining step of a response surface-based analysis method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a conceptual model diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the distribution of oil saturation for different step sizes in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating the variation of the production levels of different step reservoirs in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the distribution of oil saturation at different production injection strengths in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph illustrating the variation of the production level of a reservoir at different injection and production strengths in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graphical representation of oil saturation distributions for different subsurface crude oil viscosities in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph of the extent of production of a reservoir at different crude oil viscosities in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the variation of each control effect evaluation index according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a diagram of a typical well group pattern for sand two 1 sand group in a winning zone in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a diagram illustrating changes in the evaluation indexes of the respective control effects according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The method for evaluating the potential of the high-water-consumption zone regulated by the separated-layer water injection after the heterogeneous flooding comprises the following steps:
the collected data includes static data and dynamic data, wherein the static data includes: sand thickness, porosity, permeability, net-to-gross ratio, sand distribution, oil-water boundary, oil-bearing height, original formation pressure, oil-water density, viscosity, oil-water high-pressure physical properties, and the like; the dynamic data includes: monthly data of oil-water wells, well history data, phase permeation curves, injection pv number of heterogeneous systems and the like.
Step 2, screening main control factors of the regulation and control effect of the high-water-consumption zone based on a response surface analysis method;
based on a response surface analysis method, the main control factors for screening the regulation and control effect of the high water-consumption zone comprise: a reasonable experiment design method is utilized, certain data are obtained through experiments, a multivariate quadratic regression equation is adopted to fit the functional relation between the factors and the response values, and the influence significance degree of the factors on the response values is compared through variance analysis.
Determining modeling factors and response surfaces, specifically determining factors of model scheme design consideration including porosity, permeability grade difference, underground crude oil viscosity, effective stratum thickness, injection-production strength and compression coefficient of rock according to control factors of formation and evolution of a high-water-consumption zone, and increasing the amplitude of the response surfaces for accumulated oil production; after the modeling factors and the response surface are determined, a CBD full-scale center combined design experiment is applied, and three level values of the highest level, the lowest level and the middle level are taken for each single factor. After the horizontal factors are designed, a corresponding test Design table is automatically generated based on software Design Expert 11.
After the modeling and response surfaces are determined, analysis of variance and determination of main control factors are performed, including: firstly, decomposing the sum of squared deviations and the degree of freedom in the variation into a plurality of parts according to the source of the variation; then, evaluating the variation of the response part, and comparing the variation of each part with the variation in the group to obtain a statistic F value; and finally, determining a final P value according to the F value, and making statistical judgment. The influence degree of each factor on the response surface is mainly focused on the P value, when the P value is less than the significance level alpha of 0.05, the factor is shown to have significant influence on the response surface, and the smaller the value is, the stronger the significance is.
Step 3, designing a numerical simulation model according to the screened main control factors, and predicting the development condition and the regulation and control effect of the high-water-consumption zone;
designing a numerical simulation model comprises establishing models which meet the actual oil deposit and are in different factor levels according to the main control factors determined in the step 2, and predicting the development condition of the high water consumption zone. Carrying out layered water injection regulation and control on a high-water-consumption zone development oil reservoir, and preferably selecting a regulation and control effect evaluation index with a first index: the index (W1) of the development period of the economic life is prolonged, the production cost of the oil field in the stage of the ultra-high water cut period is required to be rapidly increased, the index of the economic life is very important, and the economic life of the oil field development project refers to the longest operation time of the project calculated under the condition that the economic and technical conditions of the oil field development project are not changed. Index two: a water consumption change index (W2), wherein the economic water consumption refers to the maximum water injection quantity which needs to be consumed by unit oil production under the existing economic and technical conditions, and therefore the index is a constant value under the condition of a given oil price; if the water consumption of the small floor/economic water consumption is more than 1, the development of the area is based on the claim; if the value is less than 1, the profit is obtained. The water consumption change index is the ratio of the water consumption change of a certain water consumption zone after corresponding measures are taken in the oil field to the water consumption of a small layer before the measures are taken. Index three: and accumulating the oil production to increase the amplitude index (W3), wherein the accumulated oil production is defined as the total amount of crude oil which is accumulated and produced in the whole well or oil field at the current stage. The accumulated oil production gives the water injection oil extraction condition from the initial production stage to the current stage of the oil field, and reflects the utilization condition of the water injection energy of the oil reservoir. And (4) predicting the regulation and control effect by using three preferable evaluation indexes.
Step 4, establishing a prediction model of the regulation and control effect of the high-water-consumption zone by adopting a statistical regression method;
the method for establishing the prediction model of the regulation and control effect of the high water-consumption zone by adopting the statistical regression method comprises the steps of establishing different models according to the main control factors determined in the step 2, combining the regulation and control effect evaluation indexes determined in the step 3 after regulation and control are carried out aiming at the development condition of the high water-consumption zone, prolonging the economic life development period index (W1), the water consumption change index (W2) and the accumulated oil production increase range index (W3), fitting a digital-analog result by using software 1stOpt, and establishing the prediction model method of the layered water injection regulation and control effect by adopting a single-factor and multi-factor analysis and a regression regulation and control effect prediction formula.
And 5, obtaining comparison of regulation potentials of the high water consumption layers of different units according to the prediction model.
Obtaining comparison of regulation potentials of the high water-consumption zones of different units according to the prediction model comprises determining regulation countermeasures corresponding to each block of the oil reservoir according to a regulation effect prediction method. And calculating the corresponding regulation potential of each oil reservoir block according to a regression formula of the regulation effect. And evaluating the regulation and control potential of the high water-consuming stratum according to the comprehensive evaluation index.
F(f 1 ,f 2 ,…,f n )＝Dλ T
Wherein the degree of membership D ═ { D ═ D 1 ,d 2 ,…,d n Is the weight vector λ ═ λ 1 ,λ 2 ,…λ n }。
In a specific embodiment 1 to which the present invention is applied, as shown in fig. 1, the method for evaluating the potential of the high-water-consumption zone by controlling the stratified water injection after heterogeneous flooding according to the present invention includes the following steps:
in step 101, the collected data includes static data and dynamic data, wherein the static data includes: sand thickness, porosity, permeability, net-to-gross ratio, sand distribution, oil-water boundary, oil-bearing height, original formation pressure, oil-water density, viscosity, oil-water high-pressure physical properties, and the like; the dynamic data includes: monthly data of oil-water wells, well history data, phase permeation curves, injection pv number of heterogeneous systems and the like. The flow proceeds to step 102.
In step 102, based on the response surface analysis method, the main control factors for screening the regulation and control effect of the high water-consumption zone include: a reasonable experiment design method is utilized, certain data are obtained through experiments, a multivariate quadratic regression equation is adopted to fit the functional relation between the factors and the response values, the influence significance degrees of the factors on the response values are compared through variance analysis, and a block diagram is shown in FIG. 2.
(1) Determining modeling factors and response surfaces
Based on numerical reservoir simulation, the residual oil distribution rules of different geological parameters and development parameters are different greatly. Factors of model scheme design consideration are determined according to control factors of formation and evolution of the high water-consumption zone, including porosity, permeability level difference, underground crude oil viscosity, effective thickness of stratum, injection and production strength and compression coefficient of rock. The response surface increases the magnitude for cumulative oil production.
(2) Design experiment
CBD full-scale center Composite Design, Central Composite Design, which is a Design mode of taking three levels for each single factor: highest level, lowest level, intermediate level. Compared with orthogonal design experiments, the central combined design has the following advantages: 1) the central combination design can pre-estimate all main effects, bidirectional interaction and four-division conditions; 2) it can be converted from a primary screening design by adding axial points.
The six modeling factors were assigned the levels given in table 1 below by investigating a large body of literature and collecting field data.
TABLE 1 CBD test design factor level table
After the horizontal factors are designed, based on the software Design Expert 11, a corresponding experimental Design table 2 is automatically generated. It can be seen that the test design using the CBD test design method requires only 54 simulations to complete the statistical analysis of all factors, while traversing all factors and levels requires 3 6 729 trials, the simulation time was greatly reduced.
TABLE 2 CBD test design Table
(3) Analysis of variance and determination of master factors
Analysis of variance is used to investigate whether independent variables and dependent variables have a relationship and the strength of the relationship. The analysis of variance process includes: firstly, decomposing the sum of squared deviations and the degree of freedom in the variation into a plurality of parts according to the source of the variation; then, evaluating the variation of the response part, and comparing the variation of each part with the variation in the group to obtain a statistic F value; and finally, determining a final P value according to the F value, and making statistical judgment.
Before analysis of variance, the type of approximation model is chosen, four types of approximation polynomials are commonly used in RSM methods: a linear model, a two-factor interaction relation model (2FI), a quadratic model and a cubic model. Different polynomials are selected for different experimental design situations to approximate. In the main factor study, only the influence of each single factor on the response surface needs to be considered, so that a linear model can be selected to meet our requirements, and the result of the anova is shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 ANOVA RESULTS TABLE
In table 3, the second column Sum of Squares represents the deviation Sum of Squares, the third column represents the degree of freedom, the fourth column represents the mean square error, which is the quotient of the deviation Sum of Squares and the degree of freedom, the fifth column represents the F value, and the last column represents the P value calculated from the F value.
The influence degree of each factor on the response surface is mainly focused on the P value, when the P value is less than the significance level alpha of 0.05, the factor is shown to have significant influence on the response surface, and the smaller the value is, the stronger the significance is. As can be seen from the table, the main control influence factors of the layered water injection regulation and control effect are as follows according to the importance degree: permeability grade difference, underground crude oil viscosity, injection and production strength, effective thickness of stratum, rock compression coefficient and porosity.
The determination of three main control factors of permeability grade difference, underground crude oil viscosity and injection-production strength provides a crucial link for the establishment of a prediction method of the regulation and control effect of the high-water-consumption zone, and lays a foundation for the formation of the next prediction method. And the next task is to simulate the measure of the layered water injection reservoir based on Eclipse, analyze the relation between the three main control factors and the regulation effect index and establish a corresponding prediction chart.
In step 103, designing a numerical simulation model includes, according to the master control factors determined in step 102, establishing models at different factor levels that meet the actual conditions of the oil reservoir, and predicting the development conditions of the water-consuming layer zone.
And (3) establishing a numerical reservoir model (positive and negative prosody) which accords with the reality of the oil field by using the Eclipse software as a simulator. Planar grid system 50 x 50, grid step 8 m. Divide 20 small layers on the vertical direction, the top layer is the 1st small layer, and the oil reservoir bottom is the 21 st small layer, and the 11 th layer is the intermediate layer, and intermediate layer thickness is 2m, and vertical and transverse permeability's ratio is 0.1, and effective thickness is 1m except the intermediate layer. A square five-point pattern was used (fig. 3).
Wherein the middle dark color part is an interlayer with the thickness of 2m, the light color part is an oil-bearing reservoir, the upper half part is 10m, and the lower half part is 10 m. Other parameters of the victory integrated sandstone reservoir are shown in a table 4 and a model scheme design table 5.
Table 4 conceptual model reservoir parameter table
| Factors of the fact | Value of parameter |
| Size of reservoir | 400m×400m×22m |
| Number of cells | 50×50×21 |
| Thickness of the interlayer | 2m |
| Porosity of | 0.2 |
| Coefficient of compression of rock | 1e-7 1/kpa |
| Viscosity of crude oil | 25cp |
| Pressure of original formation | 20MPa |
| Strength of injection and production | 25m 3 /d·m |
| Reservoir thickness | 20m |
TABLE 5 model plan design table
Carrying out layered water injection regulation and control on a high-water-consumption zone development oil reservoir, and preferably selecting a regulation and control effect evaluation index with a first index: the index (W1) of the development period of the economic life is prolonged, the production cost of the oil field at the stage of the extra-high water cut period is bound to rise rapidly, the index of the economic life period is very important, and the economic life period of the oil field development project refers to the longest operation time of the project calculated under the condition that the economic and technical conditions of the oil field development project are not changed. Index two: a water consumption variation index (W2), wherein the economic water consumption is the maximum water injection quantity which needs to be consumed by unit oil production under the existing economic and technical conditions, and therefore, the index is a certain value under the condition of a given oil price; if the water consumption of the small floor/economic water consumption is more than 1, the development of the area is based on the claim; if the value is less than 1, the profit is obtained. The water consumption change index is the ratio of the water consumption change of a certain water consumption zone after corresponding measures are taken in the oil field to the water consumption of a small layer before the measures are taken. Index three: and accumulating the oil production to increase the amplitude index (W3), wherein the accumulated oil production is defined as the total amount of crude oil which is accumulated and produced in the whole well or oil field at the current stage. The accumulated oil production gives the water injection oil extraction condition from the initial production stage to the current stage of the oil field, and reflects the utilization condition of the water injection energy of the oil reservoir. And (4) predicting the regulation and control effect by using three preferable evaluation indexes.
In step 104, a statistical regression method is used to establish a prediction model of the regulation and control effect of the high water-consumption zone,
firstly, aiming at the established conceptual model, when the simulated oil reservoir water content is equal to the limit water content of 98%, judging the development level of the high water consumption zone of the oil reservoir by means of the high water consumption zone definition standard. And secondly, calculating three regulation and control effect evaluation index values by adopting reservoir measures of layered water injection. And finally, establishing a prediction method of the regulation and control effect of the high water consumption zone based on the software 1st and MATLAB, and drawing a corresponding chart.
On the basis of certain oilfield data, the regulation and control potentials of a plurality of blocks of the whole oil reservoir can be directly calculated according to the regulation and control effect chart, and then screening and queuing of the regulation and control potentials of the plurality of blocks of the whole oilfield are achieved.
(1) Permeability step change model
Establishing a permeability grade difference model, wherein the grade difference range is 2-10, and other parameters comprise: the viscosity of underground crude oil is 25cp, the stratum thickness is 20m, and the injection-production strength is 25m 3 The original formation pressure is 20MPa, the rock compression coefficient is 1 e-71/kPa, the porosity is 0.2, the interlayer thickness is 2m, the reservoir size is 400m multiplied by 22m, and the grid number is 50 multiplied by 21.
Aiming at different permeability grade difference models, the development effect that the water content of the oil reservoir reaches 98% is simulated and analyzed.
As can be seen in fig. 4, the bottom of the thick oil layer with permeability step 2 and step 10 form a distinct high water-consuming zone, and the permeability step 10 forms a greater volume percentage of the high water-consuming zone. This is because the larger the difference in permeability of the reservoir, the easier it is for the injected water to break through along the high and deep penetration, i.e., the easier it is for the bottom of the thick oil layer to form a high water-consuming zone. The volume percentage of a high water-consumption zone formed by the oil deposit is larger as the volume multiple of the injected water of the oil field is increased and the oil field is continuously washed by the injected water.
FIG. 5 shows that the larger the difference of permeability levels is, the higher the extraction degree of the oil reservoir is, under the same water content of the oil reservoir. The smaller the permeability level difference, the smaller the physical property difference in the longitudinal direction of the reservoir. Therefore, in the water flooding development process, the more uniform the injected water is displaced in the longitudinal direction, and the higher the extraction degree of the whole oil reservoir is.
And judging and identifying the development conditions of the water-consuming zone under different permeability level differences based on the numerical model result and the high water-consuming zone definition standard. The identification results of the high water-consumption zone at different permeability level differences are shown in table 6.
TABLE 6 identification table of water consumption zone development grade (grade difference 2)
Firstly, aiming at the identification results of the water consumption zone with different grade differences, different adjustment measures are adopted, including: for an extreme water-consuming zone, adopting a blocking regulation and control measure; and aiming at common water consumption areas and high water consumption zone zones, regulating and controlling measures of layered water injection are adopted. Wherein the split of the water injection amount of the water injection well is determined according to the distribution of the residual oil saturation of the oil reservoir. The more the oil reservoir residual oil is enriched, the more the water injection amount of the splitting is, and the better the exploitation effect of the separated layer water injection is.
Secondly, the precondition of the separate layer water injection is that one or more stable interlayers exist in the thick oil layer, so that the separate layer water injection achieves an ideal regulation and control effect. Because the model only has a relatively stable interlayer, and the residual oil distribution reserves of the upper layer and the lower layer meet the economic exploitation requirements of the oil field. Therefore, the reservoir interval division combination mode is 2 sections.
And finally, splitting the water injection amount of different grade differences based on a residual oil storage amount splitting formula.
(2) Injection-production intensity change model
Establishing an injection-production strength change model with a value range of 5-45 m 3 D m, other parameters include: the viscosity of underground crude oil is 25cp, the stratum thickness is 20m, the permeability grade difference is 6, the original stratum pressure is 20MPa, the rock compression coefficient is 1 e-71/kPa, the porosity is 0.2, the interlayer thickness is 2m, the reservoir size is 400m multiplied by 22m, and the grid number is 50 multiplied by 21.
Aiming at models with different injection-production strengths, the development effect that the water content of the oil reservoir reaches 98% is simulated and analyzed.
As can be seen from FIG. 6, the injection-production strength is 5m 3/ d.m and injection-production strength of 45m 3/ The bottom area of the thick oil layer of d.m forms an obvious water-consuming layer belt. The higher the water injection strength, the more easily a high water-consuming zone is formed at the bottom of the thick oil layer.
FIG. 7 shows that the greater the injection-production strength, the higher the production degree of the reservoir at the same reservoir water content. The reason is that the larger the water injection strength of the water injection well is, the larger the pressure gradient between the injection and production wells is, the higher the utilization degree of the residual oil enrichment area in the low permeability area is, the higher the overall production degree of the oil field is, and the proof is provided for the feasibility of taking the extraction liquid measures in the high water-containing period of the oil field.
(3) Underground crude oil viscosity change model
Establishing an underground crude oil viscosity change model, wherein the value range is 5-45 cp, and other parameters comprise: injection-production strength of 25m 3 The method comprises the following steps of/d.m, formation thickness of 20m, permeability grade difference of 6, original formation pressure of 20MPa, rock compression coefficient of 1 e-71/kPa, porosity of 0.2, interlayer thickness of 2m, reservoir size of 400m multiplied by 22m and grid number of 50 multiplied by 21.
Aiming at conceptual models of different underground crude oil viscosities, the development effect that the water content of an oil reservoir reaches 98% is simulated and analyzed.
As can be seen from FIG. 8, the bottom zone of the thick oil layer, in which the crude oil viscosity is 5cp and the crude oil viscosity is 45cp, forms a distinct high water-consuming zone, and the higher the crude oil viscosity, the more easily the high water-consuming zone is formed at the bottom of the thick oil layer.
FIG. 9 shows that the lower the viscosity of the crude oil, the higher the extent of recovery of the reservoir for the same reservoir water content. This is because the smaller the crude oil viscosity (the smaller the oil-to-water mobility ratio), the smaller the displacement difference between the formation layers, the more uniform the displacement of injected water, and ultimately the higher the displacement of the reservoir resulting in a lower crude oil viscosity.
By researching the influence of the permeability grade difference of the oil reservoir, the injection-production intensity of the oil reservoir and the viscosity of underground crude oil on the regulation effect, the software 1stOpt is used for fitting a digital-analog result, and a prediction method of the regulation effect of the stratified water injection is established. Namely, a prediction formula of the regulation and control effect is regressed through single-factor and multi-factor analysis. The formula is as follows:
economic life-span fitting formula:
water consumption fitting formula:
cumulative oil production fitting formula:
in the formula: x is the number of 1 Is the difference in permeability, x 2 The injection and production strength is square/(day x meter), x 3 Is the viscosity of underground crude oil, mPa.S.
In order to describe the influence degree of the oil reservoir permeability difference, the injection-production strength and the underground crude oil viscosity on the control effect development index more intuitively, a four-dimensional graph plate of the control effect evaluation index is drawn based on matlab. FIG. 10 is a graph showing the variation of each control effect evaluation index.
In step 105, obtaining comparison of the regulation potentials of the high water consumption zones of different units according to the prediction model comprises determining a regulation strategy corresponding to each block of the oil reservoir according to a regulation effect prediction method. And calculating the corresponding regulation potential of each oil reservoir block according to a regression formula of the regulation effect. And evaluating the regulation and control potential of the high water-consuming stratum according to the comprehensive evaluation index.
F(f 1 ,f 2 ,…,f n )＝Dλ T
Wherein the degree of membership D ═ { D ═ D 1 ,d 2 ,…,d n Is the weight vector λ ═ λ 1 ,λ 2 ,…λ n }。
Aiming at an oil field development unit with digital and analog data, finding the position of a high water-consumption zone according to a high water-consumption zone identification method, and judging the development level of the high water-consumption zone; for high water consumption zone with different levels, the regulation and control technology is optimized; and comparing the future development potentials of the oil reservoirs by using the established regulation and control effect prediction method, thereby achieving screening and queuing of the regulation and control potentials of the development units. Aiming at an oil reservoir development unit without digital-analog data: collecting geology and development parameters of the oil reservoir in a tidying way; judging and identifying the development position and the development level of the high water-consumption zone based on the development rule of the high water-consumption zone and by considering the geology and the development characteristics of the high water-consumption zone; and comparing the future development potentials of the oil reservoirs by using the established regulation and control effect prediction method, thereby achieving screening and queuing of the regulation and control potentials of the development units.
In a specific embodiment 2 to which the present invention is applied, since the target reservoir has a large scale and a large number of wells, in order to further analyze the reason and mechanism for improving the water flooding development effect before and after the stratified water injection and the measures are taken, representative well groups are selected from the target reservoir, and further analysis is performed from the change of the cumulative oil production index, the change of the index of the economic life extension, the change of the corresponding water consumption, and the like.
The positions of the typical well groups selected from the sand group of sand 1 in the win-win area are shown in fig. 11. The dark areas in the figure are the selected well groups. It can be seen that after the pattern is adjusted, the selected zone has four relatively regular quintuplet well groups.
Effect analysis
Firstly, the geological and development parameters of the collected oil reservoir are arranged. The water injection amount in a typical well group selected from the sand group II 1 in the Shengyi area is 150m 3 The effective thickness of the oil reservoir is 14.04m, and the viscosity of the underground crude oil is 25mPa & s, DianMaximum permeability in well pattern group is 3.747 (mum) 2 ) Minimum permeability of 0.486 (. mu.m) 2 ). According to the geological data, the injection-production strength and permeability level difference can be obtained. As in table 7.
TABLE 7 reservoir geology and development parameters Table
And obtaining each regulation and control effect evaluation index value according to the established prediction chart of the regulation and control effect (an economic life period change chart, a water consumption change chart and an accumulated oil production change chart).
Based on the prediction chart of the regulation and control effect (figure 12), the range of prolonging the economic life span by 60 percent, reducing the water consumption by 80 percent and improving the cumulative oil production by 35 percent can be obtained. And comparing and checking by combining the actual oil reservoir numerical simulation result. The test results are shown in Table 8.
TABLE 8 comparison of the modulus value and the predicted value
Calculating comprehensive evaluation index
Based on the following formula
F(f 1 ,f 2 ,…,f n )＝Dλ T
Wherein the degree of membership D ═ { D ═ D 1 ,d 2 ,…,d n Is the weight vector λ ═ λ 1 ,λ 2 ,…λ n The weight vector λ of the development unit is {0.25,0.25,0.5}, and D is {0.6,0.8,0.35 }. Therefore, the comprehensive evaluation index F (F) 1 ,f 2 ,…,f n ) And (5) finally, evaluating the regulation and control effect of the high water consumption zone by using the comprehensive evaluation index when the total weight is 0.525.
Based on the regulation and control effect prediction method, the future development potential of the victory oil field whole block can be simulated. And according to the regulation and control effect evaluation index change chart, calculating the comprehensive judgment index of the test block, performing comparative analysis, and screening and queuing the regulation and control potentials of the development units. Finally, the maximum profit and achievement of the oil field is achieved with the minimum economic investment.
The potential evaluation method for regulating and controlling the high water-consumption zone by stratified water injection after heterogeneous flooding, which is disclosed by the invention, is used for finding the position of the high water-consumption zone and judging the development level of the high water-consumption zone according to a high water-consumption zone identification method aiming at an oil field development unit with digital and analog data; for high water consumption zone with different levels, the regulation and control technology is optimized; and comparing the future development potentials of the oil reservoirs by using the established regulation and control effect prediction method, thereby achieving screening and queuing of the regulation and control potentials of the development units. Aiming at an oil reservoir development unit without digital-analog data: collecting geology and development parameters of the oil reservoir in a tidying way; judging and identifying the development position and the development level of the high water-consumption zone based on the development rule of the high water-consumption zone and by considering the geology and the development characteristics of the high water-consumption zone; and comparing the future development potentials of the oil reservoirs by using the established regulation and control effect prediction method, thereby achieving screening and queuing of the regulation and control potentials of the development units.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition to the technical features described in the specification, the technology is known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (15)
1. The method for evaluating the potential of the high-water-consumption zone regulated by the separated-layer water injection after heterogeneous flooding is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, collecting and sorting block geology and developing related data, and developing numerical simulation research;
step 2, screening main control factors of the regulation and control effect of the high-water-consumption zone based on a response surface analysis method;
step 3, designing a numerical simulation model according to the screened main control factors, and predicting the development condition and the regulation and control effect of the high-water-consumption zone;
step 4, establishing a prediction model of the regulation and control effect of the high-water-consumption zone by adopting a statistical regression method;
and 5, obtaining comparison of regulation potentials of the high water consumption layers of different units according to the prediction model.
2. The method for evaluating the potential of the heterogeneous post-flooding stratified water injection regulated high-water-consumption zone as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the collected data comprises static data and dynamic data, wherein the static data comprises: sand thickness, porosity, permeability, net-to-gross ratio, sand distribution condition, oil-water boundary, oil-containing height, original formation pressure, oil-water density, viscosity, oil-water high-pressure physical properties; the dynamic data includes: monthly data of oil-water wells, well history data, phase permeation curves and injection pv number of heterogeneous systems.
3. The method for evaluating the potential of the heterogeneous flooding post-zonal injection regulated high-water-consumption zone according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, a reasonable experimental design method is utilized, certain data are obtained through experiments, a multivariate quadratic regression equation is adopted to fit a functional relation between factors and response values, and the influence significance degree of the factors on the response values is compared through variance analysis.
4. The method for evaluating the potential of the heterogeneous flooding post-zonal injection regulated high-water-consumption zone according to claim 3, wherein the step 2 comprises the following steps:
step 2a, determining modeling factors and a response surface;
step 2b, after determining modeling factors and response surfaces, applying a CBD (cubic boron nitride) full-scale center combined design experiment;
and 2c, after the modeling and response surface is determined, carrying out variance analysis and determining main control factors.
5. The method for evaluating the potential of the heterogeneous post-flooding stratified water injection regulated high water-consumption zone as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step 2a, factors considered by model scheme design are determined according to control factors of formation and evolution of the high water-consumption zone, the factors comprise porosity, permeability level difference, underground crude oil viscosity, effective thickness of stratum, injection and production strength and compression coefficient of rock, and the response surface is used for improving the amplitude of the accumulated oil production.
6. The method for evaluating the potential of the heterogeneous flooding post-zonal injection regulated high-water-consumption zone according to claim 4, wherein in the step 2b, three level values of a highest level, a lowest level and a middle level are taken for each single factor, and after the level factors are designed, a corresponding test design table is generated.
7. The method for evaluating the potential of the heterogeneous flooding post-zonal injection regulated high-water-consumption zone as claimed in claim 4, wherein in step 2c, the sum of squared deviations and the degree of freedom in variation are firstly decomposed into a plurality of parts according to the source of the variation; then, evaluating the variation of the response part, and comparing the variation of each part with the variation in the group to obtain a statistic F value; finally, determining a final P value according to the F value, and making statistical judgment; the influence degree of each factor on the response surface is mainly focused on the P value, when the P value is less than the significance level alpha of 0.05, the factor is shown to have significant influence on the response surface, and the smaller the value is, the stronger the significance is.
8. The method for evaluating the potential of the heterogeneous flooding post-zonal injection regulated high-water-consumption zone according to claim 1, wherein in step 3, when a numerical simulation model is designed, models which meet the actual oil reservoir and are in different factor levels are established according to the main control factors determined in step 2, and the development condition of the high-water-consumption zone is predicted.
9. The method for evaluating the potential of the heterogeneous flooding post-zonal injection regulated high water-consumption zone according to claim 8, wherein in step 3, zonal injection regulation is performed on a high water-consumption zone development reservoir, and after regulation, regulation effect evaluation indexes including an economic life prolongation development period index W1, a water consumption change index W2 and an accumulated oil production increase amplitude index W3 are preferably selected, and the regulation effect is predicted by using the three preferable evaluation indexes.
10. The method for evaluating the potential of the heterogeneous flooding post-zonal injection regulated high-water-consumption zone according to claim 9, wherein in step 3, the extended economic life development period index W1 refers to the longest project operating time calculated under the condition that the economic and technical conditions of the oil field development project are not changed.
11. The method for evaluating the potential of the heterogeneous post-flooding stratified water injection regulated high water consumption zone according to claim 9, wherein in the step 3, the economic water consumption is the maximum water injection quantity which needs to be consumed per unit oil production under the existing economic and technical conditions, so that the index is a certain value under the condition of a given oil price; if the water consumption of the small floor/economic water consumption is more than 1, the development of the area is based on the claim; if the value is less than 1, the profit is determined; the water consumption change index W2 is the ratio of the water consumption change of a certain water consumption zone after corresponding measures are taken in the oil field to the water consumption of a small zone before the measures are taken.
12. The method for evaluating the potential of the high-water-consumption zone through the regulation and control of the separated layer water injection after the heterogeneous flooding according to claim 9, wherein in the step 3, the cumulative oil production is defined as the total amount of crude oil which is cumulatively produced in the whole well or oil field at the current stage; the accumulated oil production gives the water injection oil extraction condition from the initial production stage to the current stage of the oil field, and reflects the utilization condition of the water injection energy of the oil reservoir.
13. The method for evaluating the potential of the heterogeneous flooding post-zonal injection regulated and controlled high water consumption zone according to claim 9, wherein in step 4, different models are established according to the main control factors determined in step 2, after regulation and control are performed according to the development condition of the high water consumption zone, the regulation and control effect evaluation index determined in step 3 is combined, the economic life development period index W1, the water consumption change index W2, the accumulated oil production increase range index W3 are extended, the mathematical model result is fitted, and the prediction model method of the zonal injection regulation and control effect is established through a single-factor and multi-factor analysis and a regression regulation and control effect prediction formula.
14. The method for evaluating the potential of the heterogeneous flooding post-zonal injection regulated high-water-consumption zone according to claim 1, wherein in step 5, regulating countermeasures corresponding to each block of an oil reservoir are determined according to a regulating effect prediction method; and calculating the regulation potential corresponding to each oil reservoir block according to a regression formula of the regulation effect, and evaluating the regulation potential of the high-water-consumption zone according to the comprehensive evaluation index.
15. The method for evaluating the potential of the heterogeneous flooding post-zonal injection regulated high-water-consumption zone according to claim 14, wherein in the step 5, the calculation formula of the regulation potential corresponding to each reservoir block is as follows:
F(f 1 ,f 2 ,…,f n )＝Dλ T ，
in the formula, F is a potential calculation method; f: represent different regulation modes;
wherein the degree of membership D ═ { D ═ D 1 ,d 2 ,…,d n Is the weight vector λ ═ λ 1 ,λ 2 ,…λ n }。
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