CN114740155A - Forest ecosystem evapotranspiration detection device and method - Google Patents
Forest ecosystem evapotranspiration detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for detecting evapotranspiration of a forest ecological system, wherein the device comprises: a plurality of vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices; each vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device is used for collecting a first evapotranspiration amount at a preset position in a forest ecological system; the first calculation module is used for calculating a second evapotranspiration amount based on meteorological data in a pre-acquired historical time period of the meteorological station; the second calculation module is used for calculating a first coefficient based on the first evapotranspiration and the second evapotranspiration at each preset position; the data acquisition device is used for acquiring meteorological data corresponding to the forest ecosystem at present; the third calculation module is used for calculating a third evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecological system based on the meteorological data corresponding to the forest ecological system at present; and the fourth calculation module is used for acquiring the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecological system based on the first coefficient and the third evapotranspiration currently corresponding to the forest ecological system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of evapotranspiration detection, in particular to a device and a method for detecting the evapotranspiration of a forest ecological system.
Background
In the prior art, methods for researching forest evapotranspiration are various, such as a moisture balance method, an energy balance method, an actual measurement method, an empirical formula (such as Penmen formula) method and the like. The method can obtain the data of the evapotranspiration amount simply and conveniently, and provides convenience for the research of the long-term evapotranspiration in the high-altitude area.
However, the method has certain disadvantages, such as that penmen's formula cannot directly calculate the evapotranspiration of different forest types, the weight of the evapotranspiration of different forest types is not considered in the detection of the evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem, and meanwhile, a device for detecting the evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem in the prior art is not available, and a vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device suitable for a complex ground surface, such as that mentioned in patent document with an authorization publication number of CN104459052B, only monitors the evapotranspiration of vegetation on a small area of the ground surface, and cannot detect the evapotranspiration of the whole forest ecosystem.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In view of the above disadvantages and shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a device and a method for detecting an amount of transpiration of a forest ecosystem, which solve the technical problem that the weight of the amount of transpiration of different forest types is not considered and the amount of transpiration of the whole forest ecosystem cannot be detected in the prior art.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for detecting an evapotranspiration amount of a forest ecosystem, including:
the vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices are respectively arranged at different preset positions in the forest ecological system;
each vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device is used for collecting a first evapotranspiration amount at a preset position in a forest ecological system;
the first calculation module is used for calculating a second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem by adopting a Penmen formula calculation method based on the pre-acquired meteorological data in the historical time period corresponding to the forest ecosystem of the meteorological station;
the second calculation module is used for calculating a first coefficient based on the first evapotranspiration at each preset position in the forest ecosystem and the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem;
the data acquisition device is used for acquiring meteorological data corresponding to the forest ecosystem at present;
the third calculation module is used for calculating a third evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem by adopting a Penmen formula calculation method based on the meteorological data corresponding to the forest ecosystem at present;
and the fourth calculation module is used for acquiring the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem based on the first coefficient and the current third evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the area of each preset position in the forest ecological system is 5m multiplied by 5 m;
the first evapotranspiration at each preset position in the forest ecosystem is the evapotranspiration of vegetation on the earth's surface at the preset position.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the number of the vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices is N;
wherein N is greater than or equal to 5.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the historical time period comprises 180 days;
the meteorological data in the historical time quantum that this forest ecosystem corresponded includes: the maximum air temperature, the minimum air temperature, the maximum wind speed, the relative humidity, the precipitation, the sunshine hours and the solar short wave radiation of each day in the historical time period.
Preferably, the second calculating module calculates a first coefficient based on the first evapotranspiration at each position in the forest ecosystem and the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem, and specifically includes:
acquiring the average value of all corresponding first evapotranspiration quantities based on the first evapotranspiration quantities at each position in all the forest ecosystems;
calculating to obtain a first coefficient by adopting a formula (1) based on the average value of all the first evapotranspiration amounts and a second evapotranspiration amount corresponding to the forest ecosystem;
the formula (1) is:
wherein f is a first coefficient;
e is a second evapotranspiration amount;
Eithe first evapotranspiration amount collected for the i vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the preset position in the forest ecosystem where each vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device is located is the position where any forest type in the forest ecosystem is located.
Preferably, the second calculating module calculates a first coefficient based on the first evapotranspiration at each position in the forest ecosystem and the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem, and specifically includes:
calculating a first coefficient by adopting a formula (2) based on the first evapotranspiration at each position in all the forest ecosystems and the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystems;
wherein the formula (2) is:
wherein f is a first coefficient;
e is a second evapotranspiration amount;
Eithe first evapotranspiration amount collected for the i vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices.
aiThe weight values are preset and correspond to the first evapotranspiration collected by the i vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices.
Preferably, the first and second liquid crystal display panels are,
the current meteorological data includes: the highest air temperature, the lowest air temperature, the maximum wind speed, the relative humidity, the precipitation amount, the sunshine hours and the solar short wave radiation in the current date.
Preferably, the fourth calculating module obtains the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem based on the third evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem and the first coefficient, and specifically includes:
the fourth calculating module is used for calculating and acquiring the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecological system by adopting a formula (3) based on the third evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecological system and the first coefficient;
the formula (3) is:
wherein, E isAThe third evapotranspiration amount corresponding to the forest ecosystem;
said EBIs the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem.
In a second aspect, the present embodiment further provides a method for detecting a forest ecosystem evapotranspiration amount, where the method is performed by any one of the above devices for detecting a forest ecosystem evapotranspiration amount.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention relates to a detection device for evapotranspiration of a forest ecological system, which is provided with a plurality of vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices respectively arranged at different preset positions in the forest ecological system, wherein each vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device is used for collecting a first evapotranspiration amount at the preset position in the forest ecological system; the first calculation module is used for calculating a second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem by adopting a Penmen formula calculation method based on pre-acquired meteorological data in a historical time period corresponding to the forest ecosystem of the meteorological station; the second calculation module is used for calculating a first coefficient based on the first evapotranspiration at each preset position in the forest ecosystem and the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem; compared with the ratio of the actual measurement data of the actual measurement method or the energy balance method to the possible evapotranspiration calculated by the penmen formula in the prior art, the first coefficient obtained by the method uses the first evapotranspiration obtained by the vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices at different preset positions from the beginning, so that the obtained first coefficient is more practical, and further, the finally obtained actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem is more accurate.
Furthermore, each preset position in the forest ecosystem where the vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device is located is the position where any forest type in the forest ecosystem is located, and the preset weight value corresponding to the first evapotranspiration collected by each vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device corresponds to the first evapotranspiration amount, so that the finally obtained actual evapotranspiration amount of the forest ecosystem is more accurate in consideration of the weights of the evapotranspiration amounts of different forest types.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a device for detecting evapotranspiration of a forest ecosystem.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a device for detecting an evapotranspiration amount of a forest ecosystem, including:
a plurality of vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices respectively arranged at different preset positions in the forest ecological system.
Wherein, each vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices for gather first evapotranspiration volume in the preset position department at forest ecosystem.
The vegetation transpiration monitoring device in the embodiment may be a vegetation transpiration detection device suitable for a complex ground surface described in the prior art with the authorized bulletin number of CN104459052B, or an integral amplification device structure suitable for a vegetation transpiration detection device suitable for a complex ground surface described in the authorized bulletin number of CN 104459052B.
And the first calculation module is used for calculating a second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem by adopting a Penmen formula calculation method based on the pre-acquired meteorological data in the historical time period corresponding to the forest ecosystem of the meteorological station.
And the second calculation module is used for calculating a first coefficient based on the first evapotranspiration at each preset position in the forest ecosystem and the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem.
And the data acquisition device is used for acquiring the meteorological data corresponding to the forest ecosystem currently.
And the third calculation module is used for calculating a third evapotranspiration currently corresponding to the forest ecosystem by adopting a Penmen formula calculation method based on the meteorological data currently corresponding to the forest ecosystem.
And the fourth calculation module is used for acquiring the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem based on the first coefficient and the current third evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem.
In practical application of this embodiment, the area of each of the predetermined locations in the forest ecosystem is 5m × 5 m.
The first evapotranspiration at each preset position in the forest ecosystem is the evapotranspiration of vegetation on the earth's surface at the preset position.
In the practical application of this embodiment, the number of vegetation transpiration monitoring devices is N.
Wherein N is greater than or equal to 5.
In practical application of this embodiment, the historical period of time comprises 180 days.
The meteorological data in the historical time section that this forest ecosystem corresponded includes: the maximum air temperature, the minimum air temperature, the maximum wind speed, the relative humidity, the precipitation amount, the sunshine hours and the solar short wave radiation of each day in the historical time period.
In practical application of this embodiment, the calculating the second coefficient by the second calculating module based on the first evapotranspiration at each position in the forest ecosystem and the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem specifically includes:
and acquiring the average value of all the corresponding first evapotranspiration quantities based on the first evapotranspiration quantities at each position in all the forest ecosystems.
And calculating to obtain a first coefficient by adopting a formula (1) based on the average value of all the first evapotranspiration amounts and the second evapotranspiration amount corresponding to the forest ecosystem.
The formula (1) is:
wherein f is a first coefficient.
And E is the second evapotranspiration.
EiThe first evapotranspiration amount collected for the i vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices.
In the practical application of this embodiment, the preset position in the forest ecosystem where each vegetation transpiration monitoring device is located is the position where any forest type in the forest ecosystem is located.
In practical application of this embodiment, the calculating the second coefficient by the second calculating module based on the first evapotranspiration at each position in the forest ecosystem and the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem specifically includes:
and calculating a first coefficient by adopting a formula (2) based on the first evapotranspiration at each position in all the forest ecosystems and the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystems.
Wherein the formula (2) is:
wherein f is a first coefficient.
And E is the second evapotranspiration.
EiThe first evapotranspiration collected by the i vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices.
aiThe weight values are preset weight values corresponding to the first evapotranspiration collected by the i vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices. That is to say, in this embodiment, the first evapotranspiration that every vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device gathered all corresponds to there is corresponding weight value, for example, set up vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device respectively in the position department of different forest types, so, different forest types also correspond to there are different weight values, consequently, in specific subsequent computational process, consequently consider the weight of the evapotranspiration of different forest types for the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem that finally obtains is more accurate.
In practical applications of this embodiment, the current meteorological data includes: the highest air temperature, the lowest air temperature, the maximum wind speed, the relative humidity, the precipitation, the sunshine hours and the solar short wave radiation in the current date.
In practical application of this embodiment, the obtaining, by the fourth calculating module, the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem based on the third evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem and the first coefficient specifically includes:
the fourth calculating module is used for calculating and acquiring the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecological system by adopting a formula (3) based on the third evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecological system and the first coefficient;
the formula (3) is:
wherein, E isAAnd the third evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem.
Said EBIs the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem.
In the embodiment, the detection device for the evapotranspiration of the forest ecological system is provided with a plurality of vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices which are respectively arranged at different preset positions in the forest ecological system, and each vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device is used for collecting a first evapotranspiration amount at the preset position in the forest ecological system; the first calculation module is used for calculating a second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem by adopting a Penmen formula calculation method based on the pre-acquired meteorological data in the historical time period corresponding to the forest ecosystem of the meteorological station; the second calculation module is used for calculating a first coefficient based on the first evapotranspiration at each preset position in the forest ecosystem and the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem; compared with the ratio of the actual measurement data of an actual measurement method or an energy balance method to the possible evapotranspiration calculated by a penmen formula in the prior art, the first coefficient obtained by the method is more practical due to the fact that the first evapotranspiration obtained by the vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices at different preset positions is used from the beginning, and further the finally obtained actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem is more accurate.
Furthermore, each preset position in the forest ecosystem where the vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device is located is the position where any forest type in the forest ecosystem is located, and the preset weight value corresponding to the first evapotranspiration collected by each vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device corresponds to the first evapotranspiration amount, so that the finally obtained actual evapotranspiration amount of the forest ecosystem is more accurate in consideration of the weights of the evapotranspiration amounts of different forest types.
In a second aspect, the present embodiment further provides a method for detecting an amount of forest ecosystem evapotranspiration, where the method is executed by any one of the above devices for detecting an amount of forest ecosystem evapotranspiration.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to imply that the number of technical features indicated are in fact significant. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; either as communication within the two elements or as an interactive relationship of the two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, a first feature may be "on" or "under" a second feature, and the first and second features may be in direct contact, or the first and second features may be in indirect contact via an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "above," and "over" a second feature may be directly or obliquely above the second feature, or simply mean that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.
In the description herein, the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or "some examples" or the like, means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not restrictive, and that those skilled in the art may make changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations to the above embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a detection apparatus for forest ecosystem evapotranspiration volume which characterized in that includes:
the vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices are respectively arranged at different preset positions in the forest ecological system;
each vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device is used for collecting a first evapotranspiration amount at a preset position in a forest ecological system;
the first calculation module is used for calculating a second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem by adopting a Penmen formula calculation method based on pre-acquired meteorological data in a historical time period corresponding to the forest ecosystem of the meteorological station;
the second calculation module is used for calculating a first coefficient based on the first evapotranspiration at each preset position in the forest ecosystem and the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem;
the data acquisition device is used for acquiring meteorological data corresponding to the forest ecosystem at present;
the third calculation module is used for calculating a third evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem by adopting a Penmen formula calculation method based on the meteorological data corresponding to the forest ecosystem at present;
and the fourth calculation module is used for acquiring the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem based on the first coefficient and the current third evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem.
2. The apparatus of claim 1,
the area of each preset position in the forest ecological system is 5m multiplied by 5 m;
the first evapotranspiration at each preset position in the forest ecosystem is the evapotranspiration of vegetation on the earth's surface at the preset position.
3. The apparatus of claim 2,
the number of the vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices is N;
wherein N is greater than or equal to 5.
4. The apparatus of claim 3,
the historical time period comprises 180 days;
the meteorological data in the historical time quantum that this forest ecosystem corresponded includes: the maximum air temperature, the minimum air temperature, the maximum wind speed, the relative humidity, the precipitation amount, the sunshine hours and the solar short wave radiation of each day in the historical time period.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the second calculating module calculates a first coefficient based on the first evapotranspiration at each location in the forest ecosystem and a second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem, and specifically includes:
acquiring the average value of all corresponding first evapotranspiration quantities based on the first evapotranspiration quantities at each position in all the forest ecosystems;
calculating to obtain a first coefficient by adopting a formula (1) based on the average value of all the first evapotranspiration amounts and a second evapotranspiration amount corresponding to the forest ecosystem;
the formula (1) is:
wherein f is a first coefficient;
e is a second evapotranspiration amount;
Eithe first evapotranspiration amount collected for the i vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices.
6. The apparatus of claim 4,
the preset position in the forest ecosystem where each vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring device is located is the position where any forest type in the forest ecosystem is located.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the second calculating module calculates a first coefficient based on the first evapotranspiration at each location in the forest ecosystem and a second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystem, and specifically includes:
calculating a first coefficient by adopting a formula (2) based on the first evapotranspiration at each position in all the forest ecosystems and the second evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecosystems;
wherein the formula (2) is:
wherein f is a first coefficient;
e is a second evapotranspiration amount;
Eifor i vegetationA first evapotranspiration amount collected by the evapotranspiration monitoring device.
aiThe weight values are preset weight values corresponding to the first evapotranspiration collected by the i vegetation evapotranspiration monitoring devices.
8. The apparatus of claim 5 or 7,
the current meteorological data includes: the highest air temperature, the lowest air temperature, the maximum wind speed, the relative humidity, the precipitation, the sunshine hours and the solar short wave radiation in the current date.
9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the fourth calculating module obtains an actual evapotranspiration amount of the forest ecosystem based on a third evapotranspiration amount corresponding to the forest ecosystem and the first coefficient, and specifically includes:
the fourth calculating module is used for calculating and acquiring the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecological system by adopting a formula (3) based on the third evapotranspiration corresponding to the forest ecological system and the first coefficient;
the formula (3) is:
wherein, E isAThe third evapotranspiration amount corresponding to the forest ecosystem;
said EBIs the actual evapotranspiration of the forest ecosystem.
10. A method for detecting the evapotranspiration of a forest ecosystem, characterized in that the method is performed by a device for detecting the evapotranspiration of a forest ecosystem according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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