CN114726428A - Air-sea cross-medium direct two-way communication method - Google Patents
Air-sea cross-medium direct two-way communication method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114726428A CN114726428A CN202210204335.XA CN202210204335A CN114726428A CN 114726428 A CN114726428 A CN 114726428A CN 202210204335 A CN202210204335 A CN 202210204335A CN 114726428 A CN114726428 A CN 114726428A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B13/00—Transmission systems characterised by the medium used for transmission, not provided for in groups H04B3/00 - H04B11/00
- H04B13/02—Transmission systems in which the medium consists of the earth or a large mass of water thereon, e.g. earth telegraphy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/02—Amplitude-modulated carrier systems, e.g. using on-off keying; Single sideband or vestigial sideband modulation
- H04L27/04—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
- H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
- H04L27/2649—Demodulators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention provides an air-sea cross-medium direct two-way communication method, during air-sea downlink communication, a wireless communication node transmits modulated high-energy microwave pulses to the sea surface, based on a thermoacoustic effect, the high-energy pulses excite acoustic signals on the sea surface, and an underwater acoustic communication node demodulates downlink information by capturing the acoustic signals; during air-sea communication, the underwater acoustic communication node transmits the modulated sound wave signals to the sea surface, weak water surface ripples are excited on the sea surface by the sound waves based on the fluctuation effect, and the wireless communication node measures the ripple signals to demodulate uplink information based on a millimeter wave sensing method. The cross-medium communication method provided by the invention can get rid of the limitation of the relay node, realize a convenient air-sea cross-medium direct two-way communication method and provide a new idea for realizing marine observation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air-sea cross-medium communication, in particular to an air-sea cross-medium direct bidirectional communication method.
Background
The air-sea cross-medium communication problem is a key problem in the field of ocean observation, and becomes increasingly important along with the continuous exploration of people on the ocean world. However, radio waves with good transmission characteristics in the air are attenuated sharply underwater, and sound waves with good transmission characteristics underwater cannot break through the sea surface and transmit to the air, so that if signals in a common frequency band are used for communication, additional relay communication nodes are needed, and thus, many limitations are caused.
The existing air sea cross-medium communication methods mainly comprise three methods: ultra-long wave communication, relay-float-based communication, and mobile relay communication based on AUV. The ultra-long wave becomes an ideal air-sea bidirectional communication medium due to the low transmission attenuation characteristic of the ultra-long wave in the air and under the water and the low reflection characteristic of the ultra-long wave on the water surface; however, the ultra-long wave communication system has huge antenna size, easy exposure, difficult deployment and low information capacity, and the practical deployment capability of the ultra-long wave communication system is severely restricted. In recent years, ocean floats supporting wireless and underwater acoustic dual-mode communication are widely deployed as relay nodes, and the working principle of the ocean floats is shown in fig. 1. The two terminals in the air and sea for communication need to transmit signals to the relay buoy on the sea surface at appointed time and position, the relay buoy realizes the conversion and transmission between wireless signals and sound signals, and finally, the wireless communication node and the underwater acoustic communication node receive respective information. The communication buoy is used as an information forwarding medium to efficiently realize observation data transmission and control instruction delivery; however, the coverage area of the ocean floating relay node is limited, the ocean floating relay node is easy to drift under the influence of wind waves, meanwhile, the ocean floating relay node does not have concealment and flexibility, and the application of the ocean floating relay node in the fields of military affairs, ocean observation and the like is severely restricted. In addition, the mobile relay node based on the AUV can submerge and acquire data based on underwater acoustic communication, and then float to the water surface to transmit data based on wireless communication; however, this method still has disadvantages in terms of convenience and work efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the technical problem that the existing air-sea communication method needs the relay node, an air-sea cross-medium direct two-way communication method is provided. The invention utilizes the implicit corresponding relation between the change characteristics of the microwave signal and the sound wave signal at the air-water boundary and the transmission information, thereby being free from deploying any relay node and overcoming the defect that the communication node is required in the existing air-sea cross-medium communication scheme.
The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:
an air-sea cross-medium direct two-way communication method comprises the following steps:
in the air-sea downlink transmission stage, information transmission is realized by utilizing a microwave-induced thermoacoustic effect;
and in the air-sea line transmission stage, information transmission is realized by utilizing the wave effect excited by sound waves.
Further, the air-sea downlink transmission stage realizes information transmission by utilizing a microwave-induced thermoacoustic effect, and comprises the following steps:
the wireless communication node transmits the modulated high-energy microwave pulse to the sea surface;
based on thermoacoustic effect, the high-energy pulse excites an acoustic signal on the sea surface and continues to transmit to the sea;
the underwater acoustic communication node demodulates the downlink information by capturing the acoustic signal.
Further, the wireless communication node transmits the modulated high-energy microwave pulse to the sea surface, comprising:
the encoder encodes the air original information into a binary data stream;
loading the coded data stream into a microwave transmitting communication node by adopting an OOK modulation format, wherein the modulation pulse width is set to be 1 microsecond, and the bit interval is set to be 1 millisecond;
and the transmitting antenna transmits high-energy microwaves to the water surface according to the modulation information, the binary unit '1' in the coded data stream correspondingly transmits microwave pulses, and the binary unit '0' in the coded data stream correspondingly does not transmit microwave pulses.
Further, the underwater acoustic communication node demodulates the downlink information by capturing the acoustic signal, and the method includes:
the underwater transducer judges the sequence of the units for transmitting the binary bit stream to be 1 or 0 according to the sequence of receiving or not receiving sound waves in unit time, and then completes decoding on sound signals.
Further, the air-sea transmission stage realizes information transmission by utilizing the wave effect of sound wave excitation, and comprises the following steps:
the underwater acoustic communication node transmits the modulated acoustic wave signal to the sea surface;
enabling the sound waves to excite weak water surface ripples on the sea surface based on the fluctuation effect;
the wireless communication node measures the ripple signal demodulation uplink information based on a millimeter wave sensing method.
Further, the underwater acoustic communication node transmits the modulated acoustic signal to the sea surface, and the method comprises the following steps:
coding underwater original information into binary data stream in a frequency domain;
selecting a modulation format and transmitting power for the subcarrier according to the underwater signal-to-noise ratio information so as to improve the frequency band utilization efficiency of an underwater channel;
modulating the sub-carrier by adopting an OFDM modulation format, converting the modulated information into time domain data and then loading the time domain data into an underwater acoustic transducer; and the underwater acoustic transducer emits modulated sound waves to the sea surface according to the modulation information.
Further, the method for measuring the uplink information demodulated by the ripple signal by the wireless communication node based on the millimeter wave sensing method comprises the following steps:
the millimeter wave radar directionally transmits and detects millimeter waves to the sea surface;
after the underwater sound waves are transmitted to the sea surface, the wave effect is excited, and the waves in different modes are generated on the sea surface according to the carried information, so that the radar detection waves are influenced;
the detection waves influenced by the ripples of different modes are reflected on the sea surface and received by the millimeter wave radar;
denoising and filtering radar echoes, amplifying weak signals by using a stochastic resonance method, and extracting phase information;
the receiver performs OFDM demodulation based on the phase variation information, extracts channel information and subcarrier modulation information from the header, and finally decodes the payload.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention provides an air-sea cross-medium direct two-way communication method based on a thermoacoustic effect and a fluctuation effect, which overcomes the defect that the existing air-sea communication method needs relay nodes and solves the technical problem of directly carrying out cross-medium air-sea two-way communication under the condition of no relay.
2. In the air-sea communication process, the implicit corresponding relation between the change characteristics of the microwave signals and the sound wave signals at the air-water junction and the transfer information is utilized, so that any relay node is not required to be deployed, and the defect that communication nodes are required in the existing air-sea cross-medium communication scheme can be overcome.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 shows the principle of air-sea cross-medium communication by using a relay buoy.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the air-sea cross-medium direct two-way communication method according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart for commanding the AUV to perform underwater information acquisition and return in the air in the embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in other sequences than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention discloses an air-sea cross-medium direct two-way communication method based on thermoacoustic effect and fluctuation effect, which comprises the following steps:
s1, the information downlink transmission of the underwater acoustic communication node by the air wireless communication node is realized by utilizing the microwave-induced thermoacoustic effect. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, transmitting the modulated high-energy microwave pulse to the sea surface by the wireless communication node;
s102, based on the thermoacoustic effect, the high-energy pulse excites an acoustic signal on the sea surface and continuously transmits the acoustic signal to the sea;
s103, demodulating the downlink information by the underwater acoustic communication node through capturing the acoustic signal.
And S2, utilizing the fluctuation effect of sound wave excitation to realize the information uplink transmission of the underwater acoustic communication node to the air wireless communication node. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
s201, transmitting the modulated sound wave signal to the sea surface by the underwater acoustic communication node;
s202, based on the fluctuation effect, the sound waves excite weak water surface ripples on the sea surface;
s203, the wireless communication node measures the ripple signal demodulation uplink information based on the millimeter wave sensing method.
Specifically, the work flow diagram of the present invention is shown in fig. 2, and the work flow diagram is generally divided into two stages, namely, an information downlink transmission stage and an information uplink transmission stage. And in the information downlink transmission stage, the aerial source information is modulated onto high-energy microwave pulses transmitted by the wireless communication node, when the microwave pulses are transmitted into water, the water in a certain range can generate a thermoacoustic effect, and then acoustic waves are radiated underwater, the acoustic wave energy conversion device is placed underwater, and the source information carried by the microwave signals is decoded through the received acoustic waves. In the information uplink transmission stage, the underwater acoustic communication node transmits sound waves modulated by underwater source information, weak ripples in different modes are generated according to the fact that the sound waves are transmitted to the water surface and then stimulate the fluctuation effect according to carried information, the wireless communication node captures phase changes generated by the weak ripples through a millimeter wave radar, and finally the underwater source information carried by the transmitted sound signals is decoded through phase information.
Specifically, the process of transmitting information by the antenna through the microwave-induced thermoacoustic effect in a directional manner is as follows:
1) the encoder encodes the over-the-air raw information into a binary data stream.
2) And loading the coded data stream into a microwave transmitting communication node by adopting an OOK modulation format, wherein the modulation pulse width is set to be 1 microsecond, and the bit interval is set to be 1 millisecond, so as to prevent the underwater sound waves from overlapping.
3) The transmitting antenna transmits high-energy microwaves to the water surface according to the modulation information, and the binary unit '1' in the coded data stream correspondingly transmits microwave pulses which can generate a thermoacoustic effect on the water surface to further excite sound waves; the binary unit "0" in the encoded data stream corresponds to no microwave pulse being emitted and thus no acoustic wave being excited.
4) The underwater transducer judges the sequence of the units for transmitting the binary bit stream to be 1 or 0 according to the sequence of receiving or not receiving sound waves in unit time, and then completes decoding on sound signals.
Further, the process of the transducer emitting the acoustic signal to excite the wave effect is as follows:
1) coding underwater original information into binary data stream in a frequency domain;
2) selecting a modulation format and transmitting power for the subcarrier according to the underwater signal-to-noise ratio information so as to improve the frequency band utilization efficiency of an underwater channel;
3) modulating the sub-carrier by adopting an OFDM modulation format, converting the modulated information into time domain data and then loading the time domain data into an underwater acoustic transducer;
4) the underwater acoustic transducer emits modulated sound waves to the sea surface according to the modulation information, and after the sound waves are transmitted to the sea surface, ripples in different modes are excited based on the fluctuation effect.
Further, the millimeter wave radar sensing ripple realizes signal decoding as follows:
1) the millimeter wave radar directionally transmits and detects millimeter waves to the sea surface;
2) after the underwater sound waves are transmitted to the sea surface, the wave effect is excited, and the waves in different modes are generated on the sea surface according to the carried information, so that the radar detection waves are influenced;
3) the detection waves influenced by the ripples of different modes are reflected on the sea surface and received by the millimeter wave radar;
4) denoising and filtering radar echoes, amplifying weak signals by using a stochastic resonance method, and extracting phase information;
5) the receiver performs OFDM demodulation based on the phase change information, extracts channel information and subcarrier modulation information from the header, and finally decodes the payload.
The solution of the invention is further illustrated by the following specific application examples.
Example 1
The embodiment is used for commanding the AUV in the air to acquire and transmit underwater information. The system is configured as follows:
1. a high energy microwave pulse signal source;
2.3 sending and receiving 4GHz broadband 77GHz millimeter wave radar;
3. an underwater acoustic transducer;
4. a code modulator;
5. a demodulation decoder;
6.AUV。
commanding the AUV to perform underwater information acquisition and return tasks in the air: and sending an information acquisition command to the underwater AUV in the air, and carrying out an information acquisition task by the underwater AUV according to the command and returning data to the air receiving equipment.
The flow of the air commanding the AUV to perform underwater information acquisition and return task in this embodiment is shown in fig. 3. The process of commanding the AUV to carry out underwater information acquisition and return tasks in the air is as follows:
1) inputting an instruction to be transmitted into a code modulator, modulating instruction information onto a microwave carrier wave in an OOK modulation format, setting the modulation pulse width to be 1 microsecond, and setting the bit interval to be 1 millisecond;
2) the microwave transmitting antenna directionally transmits high-energy microwave pulses to the sea surface according to the modulated information, and the microwave information is converted into sound wave information through an air-water interface and is continuously transmitted to the underwater environment on the basis of the thermoacoustic effect;
3) the underwater acoustic transducer receives the acoustic wave information, the demodulation decoder demodulates and decodes the transmission signal, and a data acquisition command is sent to the AUV;
4) the AUV executes an underwater information acquisition task according to the acquisition instruction and collects return data;
5) coding the underwater data to be transmitted by a coding modulator, optimizing transmission, and modulating the coded data to an acoustic carrier wave emitted by an underwater acoustic transducer by adopting an OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) modulation format;
6) based on the wave effect, the water surface can generate ripples with different modes according to information carried by sound waves, and the millimeter wave radar sends out detection millimeter waves to sense the phase change of the ripples;
7) and extracting phase information after the radar echo is denoised, filtered and enhanced, and performing OFDM demodulation on the underwater return data by a demodulation decoder according to the phase information to finally decode the received signal.
Analysis of the above embodiment shows that the communication method provided by the present invention can use signal carriers of common frequency bands to complete air-sea information transmission under the unrepeatered condition, can get rid of the limitation of relay nodes, and realizes a convenient air-sea cross-medium direct bidirectional communication method.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
In the above embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed technology can be implemented in other ways. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units may be a logical division, and in actual implementation, there may be another division, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, units or modules, and may be in an electrical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a removable hard disk, a magnetic or optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An air-sea cross-medium direct two-way communication method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
in the air-sea downlink transmission stage, information transmission is realized by utilizing a microwave-induced thermoacoustic effect;
and in the air-sea line transmission stage, information transmission is realized by utilizing the wave effect excited by sound waves.
2. The air-sea cross-medium direct two-way communication method according to claim 1, wherein the air-sea downlink transmission stage realizes information transmission by using microwave-induced thermoacoustic effect, and comprises the following steps:
the wireless communication node transmits the modulated high-energy microwave pulse to the sea surface;
based on thermoacoustic effect, the high-energy pulse excites an acoustic signal on the sea surface and continues to transmit to the sea;
the underwater acoustic communication node demodulates the downlink information by capturing the acoustic signal.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the wireless communication node transmits the modulated high-energy microwave pulse to the sea surface, and the method comprises the following steps:
the encoder encodes the air original information into a binary data stream;
loading the coded data stream into a microwave transmitting communication node by adopting an OOK modulation format, wherein the modulation pulse width is set to be 1 microsecond, and the bit interval is set to be 1 millisecond;
and the transmitting antenna transmits high-energy microwaves to the water surface according to the modulation information, the binary unit '1' in the coded data stream correspondingly transmits microwave pulses, and the binary unit '0' in the coded data stream correspondingly does not transmit microwave pulses.
4. The air-sea cross-medium direct two-way communication method according to claim 3, wherein the underwater acoustic communication node demodulates the downlink information by capturing an acoustic signal, and the method comprises the following steps:
the underwater transducer judges the sequence of the units for transmitting the binary bit stream to be 1 or 0 according to the sequence of receiving or not receiving sound waves in unit time, and then completes decoding on sound signals.
5. The air-sea cross-medium direct two-way communication method according to claim 1, wherein the air-sea row transmission stage realizes information transmission by using a wave effect excited by sound waves, and comprises the following steps:
the underwater acoustic communication node transmits the modulated acoustic wave signal to the sea surface;
enabling the sound waves to excite weak water surface ripples on the sea surface based on the fluctuation effect;
the wireless communication node measures the ripple signal demodulation uplink information based on a millimeter wave sensing method.
6. The air-sea cross-medium direct two-way communication method according to claim 5, wherein the underwater acoustic communication node transmits the modulated acoustic wave signal to the sea surface, and the method comprises the following steps:
coding underwater original information into a binary data stream in a frequency domain;
selecting a modulation format and transmitting power for the subcarrier according to the underwater signal-to-noise ratio information so as to improve the frequency band utilization efficiency of an underwater channel;
modulating the sub-carrier by adopting an OFDM modulation format, converting the modulated information into time domain data and then loading the time domain data into an underwater acoustic transducer; and the underwater acoustic transducer emits modulated sound waves to the sea surface according to the modulation information.
7. The air-sea cross-medium direct two-way communication method according to claim 6, wherein the wireless communication node measures the ripple signal demodulation uplink information based on the millimeter wave sensing method, and the method comprises the following steps:
the millimeter wave radar directionally transmits and detects millimeter waves to the sea surface;
after the underwater sound waves are transmitted to the sea surface, the wave effect is excited, and the waves in different modes are generated on the sea surface according to the carried information, so that the radar detection waves are influenced;
the detection waves influenced by the ripples of different modes are reflected on the sea surface and received by the millimeter wave radar;
denoising and filtering radar echoes, amplifying weak signals by using a stochastic resonance method, and extracting phase information;
the receiver performs OFDM demodulation based on the phase variation information, extracts channel information and subcarrier modulation information from the header, and finally decodes the payload.
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