CN114705282A - Modal-based lightning arrester fault detection method - Google Patents
Modal-based lightning arrester fault detection method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a modal-based lightning arrester fault detection method, which comprises the steps of adopting a modal force hammer to knock a lightning arrester shell to trigger the lightning arrester to perform stimulated motion to form excitation; detecting and obtaining a plurality of modal information of different parts of the shell of the lightning arrester when the lightning arrester is in excited motion by using an acceleration sensor; processing the modal information to obtain a frequency response function curve; and calculating according to the frequency response function curve to obtain a peak frequency, and if the difference value between the peak frequency and the natural frequency of the undamaged lightning arrester exceeds an error range, judging that the lightning arrester has a fault. The method is simple and reliable, effectively solves the problems of time and labor waste when the inspection personnel inspect whether the lightning arrester is damaged, and eliminates the problems of missed inspection or false inspection in the inspection process of the inspection personnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lightning arresters, in particular to a lightning arrester fault detection method.
Background
The surge arrester is an electrical device for preventing the intrusion of lightning waves, line overvoltage or internal overvoltage from damaging the electrical device and limiting the overvoltage below a surge voltage level of the insulation of the electrical device. Because the lightning arrester is in the external environment condition for a long time, the lightning arrester is damaged frequently, but most of the damage is slight, and the direct judgment from the appearance is difficult generally; if the defect or the fault of the lightning arrester can not be found and processed in time, not only the lightning arrester can not play a role in protection, but also the normal operation of other equipment can be influenced, and even an accident can be caused.
The lightning arrester detection method in the prior art comprises the following steps: infrared temperature measurement, namely, based on infrared rays radiated during the operation of the lightning arrester, displaying thermal images on a fluorescent screen, so as to detect the temperature distribution condition of the surface and further judge the heating condition of equipment; however, the measurement result is greatly influenced by factors such as temperature measurement distance, temperature measurement angle, environment temperature and humidity, and the like, so that the method is usually only used for general measurement, and other tests are still required to be equipped for verification. The method for measuring the leakage current of the lightning arrester is a commonly used method at present, but the method needs to connect a measuring instrument string to a lightning arrester down conductor under the operating voltage, so that a large potential safety hazard exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides the mode-based lightning arrester fault detection method for avoiding the defects in the prior art, the original electrical connection of the lightning arrester is not required to be changed during detection, and the process is simple, convenient, safe and reliable.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention:
the lightning arrester fault detection method based on the mode has the characteristics that: knocking the shell of the arrester by adopting a modal force hammer to trigger the arrester to perform stimulated motion to form excitation; detecting and obtaining a plurality of modal information of different parts of the lightning arrester shell after the lightning arrester shell is excited to move by using an acceleration sensor; performing signal processing on the modal information to obtain a frequency response function curve; and calculating according to the frequency response function curve to obtain a peak frequency, and judging that the lightning arrester has a fault if the difference value between the peak frequency and the natural frequency of the undamaged lightning arrester exceeds an error range.
The mode-based lightning arrester fault detection method is also characterized in that: the acceleration sensor is a vibration acceleration sensor patch, and 8-16 vibration acceleration sensor patches are distributed on different positions of the lightning arrester shell.
The lightning arrester fault detection method based on the mode is also characterized in that: the modal force hammer is provided with a pressure sensor in the hammer head, and the hammer head is installed in a replaceable manner.
The lightning arrester fault detection method based on the mode is also characterized in that: aiming at the material and the model of the lightning arrester, the hammer with matched rigidity is selected to obtain different impact duration times during knocking so as to meet the requirement of frequency bandwidth.
The lightning arrester fault detection method based on the mode is also characterized in that:
and the microprocessor is used for processing the modal information and comprises an FPGA data processing module, the FPGA data processing module is used for carrying out Fourier transform on a hammering signal of the modal force hammer and a detection signal of each acceleration sensor, and a frequency response function curve is obtained through calculation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the mode is the natural vibration characteristic of the structural system, each mode has specific mode parameters including natural frequency, damping ratio and mode shape, and the mode parameters can be obtained through calculation or experimental analysis, namely structural mode analysis; through structural modal analysis, the vibration characteristic of each order of modal of the mechanical structure in a certain frequency range which is easy to be influenced can be obtained, and the vibration response result of the mechanical structure in the frequency band and under the excitation action of various vibration sources inside or outside the frequency band, and then modal parameters are obtained through the modal analysis method, and the modal parameters are used for judging the structural integrity and have better effect;
2. the method does not need to change the original electrical connection of the lightning arrester, has good safety compared with a method for detecting by measuring leakage current, effectively solves the problems of time and labor waste in the fault finding process of the lightning arrester, and avoids the missing detection or the false detection in the inspection process of inspection personnel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the detection method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the detection method of the present invention;
reference numbers in the figures: 1 arrester, 2 vibration acceleration sensor paster, 3 modal power hammers, 4 microprocessors, 5 displays, 6 signal flow directions, 7 shell, 8 mechanics sensor tups.
Detailed Description
Due to the material unicity and the structural integrity of the shell of the lightning arrester, the modal frequency response of each part should have consistency, and the natural frequency of the lightning arrester reflects the consistency characteristic; when the structure is corroded and damaged by internal factors or external factors, the natural frequency of the arrester changes.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, in the method for detecting a fault of a mode-based lightning arrester in the present embodiment, a mode force hammer 3 is used to strike a housing of the lightning arrester 1, that is, strike the housing 7 shown in fig. 2, thereby inducing the lightning arrester 1 to perform an excited motion to form an excitation; detecting and obtaining a plurality of modal information of different parts of the lightning arrester housing after the lightning arrester is excited to move by using an acceleration sensor; carrying out signal processing on the modal information to obtain a frequency response function curve; and calculating according to the frequency response function curve to obtain a peak frequency, and if the difference value between the peak frequency and the natural frequency of the undamaged lightning arrester exceeds an error range, judging that the lightning arrester has a fault.
In a specific embodiment, the corresponding technical measures also include:
the acceleration sensor is vibration acceleration sensor paster 2, 8-16 vibration acceleration sensor pasters 2 distribute on the different positions of the shell of the arrester 1, including pasting each paster on the top end, bottom end and the range upon range of department of the arrester respectively, each pasting position considers on the one hand the even distribution on the arrester, on the other hand considers representative to obtain comprehensive modal information to the arrester.
The modal force hammer 3 is provided with a pressure sensor in a hammer head thereof and is a mechanical sensor hammer head 8, and the hammer head is mounted in a replaceable manner; aiming at the material and the model of the lightning arrester 1, hammer heads with matched rigidity are selected to obtain different impact duration times during knocking so as to meet the requirement of frequency bandwidth.
And the microprocessor 4 and the display 5 are arranged and used for processing and displaying the modal information, the microprocessor 4 comprises an FPGA data processing module, the FPGA data processing module is used for carrying out Fourier transform on a hammering signal of the modal force hammer and a detection signal of each acceleration sensor, and a frequency response function curve is obtained through calculation.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for detecting a fault of a mode-based lightning arrester in this embodiment, where the detection process includes the following steps:
step S500, using the modal force hammer 3 to excite the lightning arrester 1, and inputting a level signal of the force hammer into a microprocessor, wherein a signal flow direction 6 is shown in figure 2;
step S501, after the lightning arrester stops vibrating, acquiring stimulated motion state information of the lightning arrester aiming at each vibration acceleration sensor and inputting the information into the microprocessor 4;
step S502, the microprocessor 4 carries out fast Fourier calculation on the level signal of the force hammer and the excited motion state information of the lightning arrester acquired by the vibration acceleration sensor to obtain the frequency response curve of each vibration acceleration sensor channel, and the peak frequency of the lightning arrester to be detected is obtained through calculation according to the frequency response curve;
and S503, comparing the peak frequency of the detected arrester with the natural frequency of the undamaged arrester to obtain an error, inspecting whether the difference exceeds the error range, and if so, determining that the arrester is damaged.
The setting of the error range is related to the material and the manufacturing process of the lightning arrester, and the lightning arrester is judged to be damaged only when the difference value between the peak frequency of the detected lightning arrester and the natural frequency of the undamaged lightning arrester exceeds the error range and is correspondingly displayed; in the actual detection, the patrol and examine personnel only need use the power hammer to strike the arrester shell and then observe detection device's display result and just can reach the result whether the arrester damaged, and the process is swift convenient and reliable, has eliminated the problem of examining personnel in-process leak hunting or false retrieval.
The modal force hammer of the invention is based on providing impact to a test piece, thereby generating vibration over a wide frequency bandwidth, the frequency bandwidth of the excited vibration depending on the duration of the impact; the narrower the pulse width, the higher the frequency of excitation; the impact duration can be changed by installing the hammers with different rigidities, when the same energy is used for knocking a test piece, the modal force hammer with different hammers can excite various frequency bandwidths, the softer the hammer is, the wider the pulse is, the narrower the excited frequency bandwidth is, and the matched hammers are replaced according to the difference of the material and the model of the lightning arrester.
In the vibration acceleration sensor of the present embodiment, the acceleration is converted into a voltage output by using the characteristics of crystal deformation caused by the acceleration inside the vibration acceleration sensor, the deformation generating voltage, and the relationship between the generated voltage and the applied acceleration.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiment and the device, and any other modifications, substitutions, improvements, combinations, simplifications, and equivalents without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A lightning arrester fault detection method based on modes is characterized in that: knocking the shell of the arrester by adopting a modal force hammer to trigger the arrester to perform stimulated motion to form excitation; detecting and obtaining a plurality of modal information of different parts of the lightning arrester housing after the lightning arrester is excited to move by using an acceleration sensor; performing signal processing on the modal information to obtain a frequency response function curve; and calculating according to the frequency response function curve to obtain a peak frequency, and judging that the lightning arrester has a fault if the difference value between the peak frequency and the natural frequency of the undamaged lightning arrester exceeds an error range.
2. The modal-based arrester failure detection method of claim 1, wherein: the acceleration sensor is a vibration acceleration sensor patch, and 8-16 vibration acceleration sensor patches are distributed on different positions of the lightning arrester shell.
3. The modal-based arrester failure detection method of claim 1, wherein: the modal force hammer is provided with a pressure sensor in the hammer head, and the hammer head is installed in a replaceable manner.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: aiming at the material and the model of the lightning arrester, the hammer with matched rigidity is selected to obtain different impact duration times during knocking so as to meet the requirement of frequency bandwidth.
5. The modal-based arrester failure detection method of claim 1, wherein: and the microprocessor is used for processing the modal information and comprises an FPGA data processing module, the FPGA data processing module is used for carrying out Fourier transform on a hammering signal of the modal force hammer and a detection signal of each acceleration sensor, and a frequency response function curve is obtained through calculation.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104180985A (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2014-12-03 | 吴江万工机电设备有限公司 | Heald raising knife frequency spectrum curve measurement method and device |
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| CN212410010U (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2021-01-26 | 武汉理工大学 | Electrodynamic hammer |
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- 2022-04-28 CN CN202210463420.8A patent/CN114705282A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104180985A (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2014-12-03 | 吴江万工机电设备有限公司 | Heald raising knife frequency spectrum curve measurement method and device |
| CN111693831A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-09-22 | 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 | Vibration detection method for loosening basin-type insulator of combined electrical appliance |
| CN111474241A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-07-31 | 国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Method for evaluating latent fault factors existing in GIS structural state |
| CN212410010U (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2021-01-26 | 武汉理工大学 | Electrodynamic hammer |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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