CN114687836B - Heat collecting method and device for catalytic particulate filter for exhaust aftertreatment of diesel engine - Google Patents
Heat collecting method and device for catalytic particulate filter for exhaust aftertreatment of diesel engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN114687836B CN114687836B CN202011627834.7A CN202011627834A CN114687836B CN 114687836 B CN114687836 B CN 114687836B CN 202011627834 A CN202011627834 A CN 202011627834A CN 114687836 B CN114687836 B CN 114687836B
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- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- WWHFPJVBJUJTEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[3-chloro-4,5-bis(prop-2-ynoxy)phenyl]-n-methoxymethanimidamide Chemical compound CONC=NC1=CC(Cl)=C(OCC#C)C(OCC#C)=C1 WWHFPJVBJUJTEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 etc. Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a heat collecting method and device for a catalytic particulate filter for exhaust aftertreatment of a diesel engine, which are used for solving the problems of particulate matter deposition blockage, filtration performance reduction, excessive active regeneration frequency and the like of the particulate filter of an exhaust aftertreatment system of the diesel engine in the prior art. The heat collecting method is characterized in that after exhaust gas treated by an oxidation catalytic converter is guided by a heat collecting structure spiral plate and a guide plate and is blocked by a gas dividing plug and a central hollow pipe, a plurality of spiral air flows which are axially gathered towards the center are formed under the low-pressure effect of a central area behind the central hollow pipe, and heat energy in the air flows is gathered towards the center of a particle filter through the centripetal force of the spiral air flows, so that the heat energy is gathered for the catalytic oxidation reaction of particles of a particle catcher. The invention improves the passive regeneration probability of the particle filter, reduces the active regeneration times, reduces the time for forming the blockage of the particles, saves the fuel oil, prolongs the maintenance period of the particle filter and improves the operation efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of exhaust aftertreatment of diesel engines, and particularly relates to a heat collecting method and device for a catalytic particle filter for exhaust aftertreatment of a diesel engine.
Background
With the improvement of environmental awareness, people are paying more attention to pollution of exhaust emission of fuel engines to the environment. Exhaust pollutants of diesel engines mainly include carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NO X), particulate Matter (PM), etc., and particulate matter PM mainly contains carbon particles, which cause different degrees of pollution to the environment and are a main source of atmospheric pollutants. Therefore, treatment is required before exhaust emission to meet emission standards and reduce environmental pollution. Among them, the control of the emission limits of PM and PN is performed by a catalytic particulate filter (DPF) in an exhaust gas aftertreatment system, and when the surface of a catalytic particulate filter (DPF) carrier is coated with a catalyst, it is called a catalytic particulate filter (CDPF).
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exhaust aftertreatment system of a prior art diesel engine. As shown in fig. 1, the exhaust aftertreatment system includes an oxidation-type catalytic converter (DOC) and a catalytic particulate filter (DPF) or a catalytic particulate filter (CDPF) connected in front-to-back. Tail gas generated by the engine enters an oxidation catalytic converter (DOC) from an air inlet, the oxidation catalytic converter (DOC) is used for treating carbon monoxide (CO) and Hydrocarbon (HC) in the exhaust to generate carbon dioxide (CO 2) and water (H 2 0) and simultaneously oxidizing Nitric Oxide (NO) into nitrogen dioxide (NO 2); the catalytic particulate filter (CDPF) captures particulate carbon (C), the particulate carbon (C) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2) generate Nitric Oxide (NO) and harmless carbon dioxide (CO 2), the regeneration function of the particulate trap is realized, the active noble metal coating on the DPF continuously oxidizes the Nitric Oxide (NO) generated in the regeneration reaction into nitrogen dioxide (NO 2), and the newly generated nitrogen dioxide (NO 2) reacts with the particulate carbon (C) to generate Nitric Oxide (NO) and harmless carbon dioxide (CO 2). The continuous passive regeneration can be realized by repeating the cycle.
Carbon and oxygen generally react at 570 ℃ or above, which is beyond the normal temperature range of the exhaust emission temperature; when the CDPF is combined with the DOC, the PM ignition temperature can be effectively reduced to 200-300 ℃. When the carbon and the nitrogen dioxide are at about 200-300 ℃, the carbon dioxide and the nitric oxide are generated by catalytic oxidation reaction, and then the nitric oxide is oxidized into the nitrogen dioxide, so that the cyclic reaction is realized.
However, when the diesel engine is operated at low load, the exhaust temperature is lower than 200 ℃ and the catalytic oxidation reaction temperature of particulate carbon and nitrogen dioxide in a catalytic particulate filter (CDPF) cannot be reached for a long time, so that the generated carbon particles are accumulated in the filtering holes of the CDPF carrier to a certain extent, and the channels of the CDPF carrier are not smooth, so that the exhaust back pressure is increased, and the engine cannot work normally.
In the prior art, when the exhaust is not smooth or particles are deposited to a certain degree, an active regeneration mode is adopted to increase the temperature in the CDPF, and when the temperature of the CDPF reaches 570 ℃, the deposited particles are oxidized and burnt to remove the deposited particles. Active regeneration refers to regeneration by using externally applied energy (e.g., an electric heater, a burner, or a change in engine operating conditions to increase exhaust gas temperature) to bring the internal temperature of the CDPF to the oxidative combustion temperature of PM. Passive regeneration refers to regeneration by using energy of the diesel exhaust itself. The active regeneration mode is operated when the particle deposition influences the function of the catcher, so that a certain negative influence is caused on the power of the engine, the technical implementation is lagged, the working efficiency of the engine is influenced, and meanwhile, additional energy sources are wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks or shortcomings in the prior art, the present invention is directed to a heat collecting method and apparatus for a catalytic particulate filter for exhaust aftertreatment of a diesel engine, in which a heat collecting device is added after a DOC to collect heat energy in the exhaust gas, so that a regeneration reaction in a catcher under low load can still continuously occur, the exhaust gas is ensured to reach the standard, the pollution to the environment is reduced, the deposition of carbon particles in the CDPF is avoided, and the service life of the CDPF is prolonged.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a diesel engine exhaust aftertreatment catalyzed particulate filter, CDPF, heat transfer device, the heat transfer device comprising: the device comprises an outer cylinder, a gas dividing plug, a central hollow pipe, a spiral plate, an inner positioning plate, a guide plate and an outer positioning plate; wherein, the air dividing plug, the central hollow pipe, the spiral plate, the inner positioning plate, the guide plate and the outer positioning plate are all arranged in the outer cylinder;
the air dividing plug is conical, the conical top point faces the air inlet side, the maximum diameter of the conical bottom is the same as the diameter of the central hollow pipe and falls on one end of the central hollow pipe, so that the central hollow pipe is not communicated with the air inlet side;
The central hollow pipe and the outer cylinder are coaxial, and the diameter of the central hollow pipe is larger than half of the width of the spiral plate blade and smaller than the width of the spiral plate blade;
The spiral plates are distributed in a spiral mode perpendicular to the outer wall of the central hollow pipe, and the spiral forms at least one period; one side of the same phase close to the central hollow pipe in different periods is separated by an inner locating plate, and the other side of the same phase far from the central hollow pipe is separated by an outer locating plate;
The inner positioning plate is attached to the outer wall of the central hollow pipe, and the outer positioning plate is attached to the inner wall of the outer cylinder.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the number of the spiral plates is three, and the phase difference among the three spiral plates is uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the central hollow pipe; three air inlets are formed through the three spiral plates, and the inner space of the whole outer cylinder is divided into three independent spiral air passing cavities by the spiral plates distributed on the central hollow pipe.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat accumulating device further comprises: and the guide plate is arranged on the inner wall of the outer cylinder during the spiral circumference of the spiral plate and faces the central hollow pipe.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat accumulating device further comprises: an electrical heating assembly; the electric heating assembly comprises a heating pipe, a junction box, a temperature sensor and a controller;
a junction box groove is formed in the outer cylinder wall at the rear side of the tail end of the spiral plate;
The junction box is fixed in the junction box groove;
The heating pipe is in a ring shape with a notch, the ring is parallel to the section of the central hollow pipe, the center of the ring is opposite to the center of the central hollow pipe, the ring is opposite to the air outlet of the spiral plate, and the notch part is connected with a wiring terminal in the junction box;
The controller is connected with the junction box and the sensor at the same time, and is connected with an external power supply for controlling the current of the heating pipe according to the measurement data of the sensor;
the temperature sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the outer cylinder and is used for measuring the overgas temperature of the front end of the CDPF.
In a second aspect, the embodiment of the invention also provides a CDPF heat collecting method for exhaust aftertreatment of a diesel engine, which is realized based on the heat collecting device, wherein the exhaust treated by an oxidation catalytic converter enters the heat collecting device from an air inlet side and then enters a through air cavity separated by a plurality of uniformly split spiral plates after being blocked by a gas dividing block, and a low-pressure area is formed in a central area behind the central hollow pipe after the gas dividing block and the blocking of the central hollow pipe; the air flow is guided by the spiral plate and the guide plate, and after the air flow comes out from the air outlet of the spiral plate, multiple spiral air flows which are gathered towards the central axis are formed under the action of low-pressure effect, and heat energy in the air flow is gathered towards the center of the catalytic particle filter uniformly by the centripetal force of the spiral air flows, so that the heat energy is gathered for the catalytic oxidation reaction of the catalytic particle filter particles.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the particles in the air flow uniformly penetrate from the middle part of the catalytic particle filter under the action of three paths of spiral air flows, so that the filtering performance of the catalytic particle filter is improved.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
Through increasing the heat accumulating device behind the DOC, the temperature of the reaction environment of the particulate carbon C and the nitrogen dioxide NO 2 in the CDPF is improved, the passive regeneration in the catalytic particulate filter CDPF under low load of the engine can still continuously occur, the passive regeneration probability of the catalytic particulate filter is improved, the active regeneration times are reduced, the particulate blocking degree is reduced, the fuel is saved, the filtering performance of the catalytic particulate filter is improved, the maintenance period of the catalytic particulate filter CDPF is prolonged, the effective operation efficiency is improved, the exhaust is ensured to reach the standard, and the pollution to the environment is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art exhaust aftertreatment system for a diesel engine;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a catalytic particulate filter heat accumulating device for exhaust treatment of a diesel engine in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the heat accumulating device shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the assembled configuration of the heat accumulating device of FIG. 2 in an exhaust treatment system;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a catalytic particulate filter heat accumulating device for exhaust treatment of a diesel engine in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the heat accumulating device shown in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an assembly of the heat accumulating device of FIG. 5 in an exhaust treatment system.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-DOC;2-CDPF; 3-heat accumulating device; 31-an outer cylinder; 32-air separation blocking; 33-a central empty tube; 34-spiral plate; 35-positioning a plate; 36-a deflector; 37-an outer locating plate; 4-an electrical heating assembly; 41-junction box; 42-heating the pipe; 43-a controller; 44-temperature sensor.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the invention are shown in the drawings.
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
Collecting soot, i.e., PM2.5 microparticles, generated during operation of a diesel engine in a catalyzed particulate filter (CDPF) operating condition; while the reaction combustion is carried out in the CDPF at suitable temperature and catalyst conditions to control the emission of soot into the atmosphere. The combustion reaction needs a certain temperature, the combustion temperature of the catalytic reaction of carbon particles and nitrogen dioxide is between 260 ℃ and 350 ℃, the best effect is achieved, and the particle catcher can realize continuous regeneration. However, at low power and low load, the temperature (waste heat) generated by the diesel engine is transmitted to the CDPF to be low, and the condition of burning particulate soot is not achieved, so that the particulate is accumulated around the carrier filter channel, and if the particulate is not reacted for a long time, the channel is blocked. In order to prevent blockage, regeneration is needed, energy consumption is needed during regeneration, and the working efficiency is influenced. The invention changes the direction of the air flow by utilizing the structural design, so that the air flow forms a vortex state and forms centripetal force, the aim of absorbing heat energy is achieved by the principle of the vortex centripetal force of the air flow, the heat energy is concentrated to the carrier part by the vortex centripetal force of the air flow, the radiation to the cylinder wall of the surrounding DPF (the cylinder wall consumes a certain amount of heat energy due to the flow of the air flow to the cylinder wall of the CDPF) is reduced, and the effective utilization rate of the heat energy is improved, thereby improving the temperature on the CDPF carrier, shortening the time for reaching the critical reaction temperature and reaching the reaction condition as early as possible.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a CDPF heat accumulating apparatus for exhaust aftertreatment of a diesel engine according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the outer cylinder 31, the air dividing plug 32, the central hollow tube 33, the spiral plate 34, the inner positioning plate 35 and the outer positioning plate 37. Wherein, the air dividing plug 32, the central hollow tube 33, the spiral plate 34, the inner positioning plate 35 and the outer positioning plate 37 are all arranged in the outer cylinder 31; the air dividing plug 32 is conical, the conical top point faces the air inlet side, the maximum diameter of the conical bottom is the same as the diameter of the central hollow pipe 33, and the air dividing plug is positioned at one end of the central hollow pipe 33, so that the central hollow pipe 33 is not communicated with the air inlet side; the central hollow tube 33 and the outer cylinder 31 are coaxial, and the diameter of the central hollow tube 33 is larger than half of the blade width of the spiral plate 34 and smaller than the blade width of the spiral plate 34; the spiral plate 34 is spirally distributed perpendicular to the outer wall of the central hollow tube 33, and the spiral forms at least one period; the different spiral plates 34 of the spiral plates 34 are spaced at the same phase position, which is close to one side of the central hollow tube 33, through the inner positioning plate 35, the other side far away from the central hollow tube 33 is spaced through the outer positioning plate 37, the inner positioning plate 35 is attached to the outer wall of the central hollow tube, and the outer positioning plate 37 is attached to the inner wall of the outer cylinder.
The spiral plate 32 comprises three spiral plates, and the phase difference between the three spiral plates is 120 degrees, and the three spiral plates are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the hollow tube 33. Three air inlets are formed by three spiral plates, and the whole inner space of the outer cylinder 31 is divided into three independent, spiral-shaped air passing cavities by the spiral plates distributed on the central hollow tube 33.
The heat collector may further include a deflector 36, the deflector 36 being disposed on an inner wall of the outer cylinder 31 during a spiral circumference of the spiral plate 34 and facing the hollow tube 33. The baffle 36 blocks the air flow, so that the air flow passing through the baffle forms a low-pressure effect in the direction of the central axis to form a spiral wind. The spiral wind tends to gather inwards in the direction of the central axis, so that heat loss caused by heat conduction between the passing gas and the outer cylinder is reduced.
As shown in fig. 4, the heat accumulating device of the embodiment is disposed between a DOC and a CDPF of an exhaust aftertreatment system of a diesel engine, and an air inlet end corresponds to a DOC end. When the exhaust of a diesel engine is discharged, it first enters the DOC. The exhaust gas also has considerable heat through the catalytic reaction of the DOC. At this time, the exhaust gas treated by the DOC enters the heat accumulating device. The exhaust gas passes through the spiral plate of the heat accumulating device to form spiral air flow which is gathered inwards and enters the CDPF. The accumulated heat energy air flow enters the CDPF to intensively heat the CDPF, so that the temperature of the CDPF can meet the requirement of passive regeneration reaction and the deposition of carbon particles is avoided.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the heat accumulating device further includes: an electrical heating assembly 4.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the electric heating assembly 4 includes a heating pipe 42, a junction box 41, a temperature sensor 44, and a controller 43. A junction box groove is formed in the wall of the outer barrel 31 at the rear side of the tail end of the spiral plate 34, and the junction box 41 is fixed in the junction box groove; the heating pipe 42 is in a ring shape with a notch, the ring is parallel to the section of the central hollow pipe, the center of the ring is opposite to the center of the central hollow pipe 33, the ring is opposite to the air outlet of the spiral plate 34, and the notch part is connected with the positive and negative stages of the junction box 41; the controller 43 is connected with the junction box 41 and the sensor 44 at the same time and is used for controlling the heating pipe current according to the measurement data of the sensor 44; the temperature sensor 44 is disposed on the inner wall of the bottom of the outer cylinder 31 for measuring the excess air temperature of the front end of the CDPF.
When the electric heating component is used by the heat accumulating device, the temperature sensor monitors the overgas temperature of the front end of the CDPF in real time; when the overgas temperature is less than the reaction temperature in the CDPF, the controller is connected with a heating pipe power supply, and the heating pipe is used for heating the spiral wind at the air outlet of the spiral plate until the overgas temperature at the front end of the CDPF reaches the reaction temperature in the CDPF. After reaching the preset temperature, the controller controls the heating pipe current to keep the overgas temperature of the front end of the CDPF within the preset temperature range, so as to continuously meet the reaction requirement in the CDPF.
As shown in fig. 7, when the heat accumulating device with the electric heating assembly is used, the heat accumulating device is arranged between the DOC and the CDPF of the exhaust aftertreatment system of the diesel engine, the air inlet end corresponds to the DOC end, and the temperature sensor at the bottom of the outer cylinder corresponds to the CDPF end. When the exhaust of a diesel engine is discharged, it first enters the DOC. The exhaust gas also has considerable heat through the catalytic reaction of the DOC. At this time, the exhaust gas treated by the DOC enters the heat accumulating device. The exhaust gas passes through the spiral plate of the heat accumulating device to form spiral air flow which is gathered inwards and enters the CDPF. The accumulated thermal energy gas stream enters the CDPF and is concentrated in heating the CDPF. When the ambient temperature is low, and the accumulated spiral wind is insufficient to reach the passive regeneration reaction temperature, the overgas temperature of the front end of the CDPF is monitored in real time through a temperature sensor; when the over-temperature is too low to reach the requirement of passive regeneration reaction in the CDPF, the controller is powered on, the spiral wind coming out of the air outlet of the spiral plate is actively heated by the heating pipe, and enters the CDPF after being heated, and at the moment, the over-temperature of the front end of the CDPF reaches the requirement of reaction in the CDPF. The electric heating component is used as the heat energy supplement of the spiral air flow, so that carbon particle deposition in the CDPF can be avoided under any environment.
Based on the CDPF heat accumulating device for exhaust aftertreatment of the diesel engine, the embodiment of the invention also provides a CDPF heat accumulating method for exhaust aftertreatment of the diesel engine, the method is realized based on the heat accumulating device, exhaust treated by the oxidation catalytic converter DOC enters the heat accumulating device from the air inlet side, is blocked by the air dividing block, enters the air passing cavity separated by the three uniformly divided spiral plates, forms a low-pressure area in the central area behind the central hollow pipe after the air dividing block and the blocking of the central hollow pipe, forms three spiral air flows which are gathered towards the central axis under the action of low-pressure effect after the air flows are guided by the spiral plates and the guide plates and come out from the air outlet of the spiral plates, and gathers heat energy in the air flows towards the center of the catalytic particle filter uniformly by the centripetal force of the spiral air flows so as to gather heat energy for catalytic oxidation reaction of catalytic particle filter particles.
Meanwhile, particles in the air flow uniformly penetrate from the middle of the catalytic particle filter under the action of three paths of spiral air, so that the filtering performance of the catalytic particle filter is improved.
According to the CDPF heat collecting method and device for exhaust aftertreatment of the diesel engine, the inner part of the outer cylinder is divided into three independent spiral air passing cavities through the heat collecting structure, the air flow is blocked by the central hollow pipe, so that the passing air flow forms a low-pressure effect in the central axis direction, the spiral air tends to the central axis direction, namely, the energy loss of heat conduction between the passing air and the outer cylinder is reduced, the concentrated heating of the center of the CDPF is realized, and the concentrated heating of the center of the CDPF is realized, so that a low-temperature combustion reaction chain from point to face is formed by the combustion reaction of the CDPF. The method improves the passive regeneration probability of the catalytic particle filter, reduces the active regeneration times, reduces the blocking degree of particulate matters, saves fuel, improves the filtering performance of the catalytic particle filter, prolongs the maintenance period of the CDPF and improves the effective operation efficiency.
The above description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the scope of the invention referred to in the present invention is not limited to the specific combinations of the technical features described above, but also covers other technical features formed by any combination of the technical features described above or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. Such as the above-mentioned features and the technical features disclosed in the present invention (but not limited to) having similar functions are replaced with each other.
Claims (5)
1. A diesel engine exhaust aftertreatment catalyzed particulate filter CDPF heat transfer device, the heat transfer device comprising: the device comprises an outer cylinder (31), a gas separation block (32), a central hollow pipe (33), a spiral plate (34), an inner positioning plate (35), a guide plate (36) and an outer positioning plate (37); wherein, the air dividing plug (32), the central hollow tube (33), the spiral plate (34), the inner positioning plate (35), the guide plate (36) and the outer positioning plate (37) are all arranged in the outer cylinder (31);
The air dividing plug (32) is conical, the conical top point faces the air inlet side, the maximum diameter of the conical bottom is the same as the diameter of the central hollow pipe and falls on one end of the central hollow pipe (33), so that the central hollow pipe (33) is not communicated with the air inlet side;
The central hollow tube (33) and the outer cylinder (31) are coaxial, and the diameter of the central hollow tube (33) is larger than half of the blade width of the spiral plate (34) and smaller than the blade width of the spiral plate (34);
The spiral plates (34) are distributed in a spiral shape perpendicular to the outer wall of the central hollow pipe (33), and the spiral forms at least one period; one side, close to the central hollow tube (33), of the same phase position among different spiral plates (34) is separated by an inner locating plate (35), and the other side, far from the central hollow tube (33), is separated by an outer locating plate (37);
The inner positioning plate (35) is attached to the outer wall of the central hollow tube (33), and the outer positioning plate (37) is attached to the inner wall of the outer cylinder (31);
The exhaust gas treated by the oxidation catalytic converter enters the heat accumulating device from the air inlet side, is blocked by the air dividing block, enters the air passing cavity separated by the plurality of uniformly divided spiral plates, and forms a low-pressure area in the central area behind the central hollow pipe after the air dividing block and the blocking of the central hollow pipe; the air flow is guided by the spiral plate and the guide plate, and after the air flow comes out from the air outlet of the spiral plate, multiple spiral air flows which are gathered towards the central axis are formed under the action of low-pressure effect, and heat energy in the air flow is gathered towards the center of the catalytic particle filter uniformly by the centripetal force of the spiral air flows, so that the heat energy is gathered for the catalytic oxidation reaction of the catalytic particle filter particles.
2. The CDPF heat accumulating device for exhaust gas aftertreatment catalytic particulate filter of diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein the number of the spiral plates (34) is three, the phase difference between the three spiral plates (34) is 120 degrees, and the three spiral plates are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the hollow tube (33); three air inlets are formed through the three spiral plates, and the inner space of the whole outer cylinder is divided into three independent spiral air passing cavities by the spiral plates distributed on the central hollow pipe (33).
3. The diesel engine exhaust aftertreatment catalyzed particulate filter CDPF heat accumulating device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat accumulating device further comprises: and the guide plate (36) is arranged on the inner wall of the outer cylinder (31) during the spiral circumference of the spiral plate (34) and faces the central hollow tube (33).
4. The diesel engine exhaust aftertreatment catalyzed particulate filter CDPF heat accumulating device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat accumulating device further comprises: an electrical heating assembly; the electric heating assembly comprises a heating pipe (42), a junction box (41), a temperature sensor (44) and a controller (43);
a junction box groove is formed in the outer cylinder wall at the rear side of the tail end of the spiral plate (34);
the junction box (41) is fixed in the junction box groove;
The heating pipe (42) is in a ring shape with a notch, the ring is parallel to the section of the central hollow pipe (33) and the center of the ring is opposite to the center of the central hollow pipe (33), the ring is opposite to the air outlet of the spiral plate (34), and the notch part is connected with a wiring terminal in the junction box (41);
The controller (43) is connected with the junction box (41) and the temperature sensor (44) at the same time, and is connected with an external power supply for controlling the current of the heating pipe according to the sensor measurement data;
the temperature sensor (44) is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the outer cylinder (31) and is used for measuring the overgas temperature of the front end of the CDPF.
5. The CDPF heat accumulating device for diesel engine exhaust aftertreatment catalyzed particulate filter according to claim 1 wherein particulate matter in the air stream is uniformly penetrated from the middle of the catalyzed particulate filter under the action of three spiral air channels, improving the filtration performance of the catalyzed particulate filter.
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