CN114632618A - Treatment method for curing fine tailings - Google Patents
Treatment method for curing fine tailings Download PDFInfo
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- CN114632618A CN114632618A CN202210180801.5A CN202210180801A CN114632618A CN 114632618 A CN114632618 A CN 114632618A CN 202210180801 A CN202210180801 A CN 202210180801A CN 114632618 A CN114632618 A CN 114632618A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobenzoic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229960004050 aminobenzoic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003311 flocculating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a treatment method for mature fine tailings, which comprises the following steps of (1) settling: adding 230-280g/t flocculating agent into the mature fine tailing raw material for sedimentation treatment to obtain sediment; the flocculating agent contains at least one of polyacrylamide, p-aminobenzoic acid and polyimide; (2) dispersing: shearing the sediment to obtain an expanded dispersion; (3) aggregation: immediately adding 160-200g/t water-soluble copolymer into the expanded dispersion after shearing for rolling, wherein the rolling is carried out for 3-4 times in each time, and standing to obtain aggregates; the water-soluble copolymer is obtained by copolymerization reaction of lignin and acrylamide; (4) reaction: stirring the aggregate, introducing hot air, performing high-pressure steam reaction after the reaction, cooling, and dehydrating to obtain concentrated mature fine tailings. By adopting the treatment method, the mature fine tailings have excellent bleeding performance, the bleeding performance can reach more than 36% in 1 hour, and the concentration of the obtained concentrated mature fine tailings reaches more than 78.5%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tailing treatment, in particular to a treatment method for curing fine tailings.
Background
Tailings, which are industrial solid wastes left after mineral processing of mined ores due to low taste, are usually stockpiled in a surface tailing pond near the top of the ores. During the stockpiling process, the process water in the tailings, the unrecovered hydrocarbons present, and the ore form different layers during natural settling, the upper layer being mainly water, and the lower layer being the residual hydrocarbons and minerals after natural settling, mainly fines, which layer is generally referred to as mature fine tailings.
Along with the improvement of the technology and the speed for developing lean ore resources, the fine grain degree of ore grinding becomes finer, and as the tailings contain a large amount of clay minerals and are non-Newtonian fluid, the adoption of continuous dehydration treatment is difficult; meanwhile, the sedimentation rate of the tailings is slow, dry beaches are not easy to form, and the potential safety hazard of a tailings pond is greatly increased by aging the fine tailings like fluid-like colloidal substances. Because the stacking volume of the mature fine tailings is large, and the consolidation capacity and the bleeding capacity of the mature fine tailings are poor, the bleeding capacity of the mature fine tailings needs to be improved, efficient dehydration and concentration are performed, high-concentration discharge is achieved, and the method has important significance for realizing the stability of a tailing reservoir dam body.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a treatment method for maturing fine tailings, which solves the above problems.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a process for treating mature fine tailings, comprising the steps of:
(1) and (3) settling: adding a flocculating agent into the cured fine tailing raw material for sedimentation treatment to obtain a sediment; the flocculant contains polyacrylamide, p-aminobenzoic acid and polyimide, and the addition amount of the flocculant is 230-280 g/t;
(2) dispersing: shearing the sediment at 1500-2700r/min for 50-60min, wherein the shearing can uniformly disperse the sediment in the cured fine tailing raw material and promote the sediment to form an expansion effect to obtain an expansion dispersion;
(3) aggregation: immediately adding the water-soluble copolymer into the expanded dispersion after shearing for wheel milling, wherein the wheel milling is carried out for 15-20min each time and is carried out for 3-4 times in total, standing, and the wheel milling and standing are favorable for promoting the aggregation of the expanded dispersion, so as to obtain aggregates after standing; the water-soluble copolymer is obtained by copolymerization reaction of lignin and acrylamide, and the addition amount of the water-soluble copolymer is 160-200 g/t;
(4) reaction: stirring the aggregate, introducing hot air, reacting at 60-70 ℃ for 4-8h, performing high-pressure steam reaction at 1.5-1.8MPa and 150-160 ℃ for 1-2h, cooling, and dehydrating to obtain concentrated mature fine tailings.
Further, the preparation method of the water-soluble copolymer comprises the following steps: adding 80-90 ℃ water into lignin, soaking for 30-50min, adding acrylamide, ultrasonically mixing, adding an initiator, initiating copolymerization reaction by adopting gamma ray radiation, adding absolute ethyl alcohol after reaction, stirring until precipitation is separated out, filtering, and drying to obtain a water-soluble copolymer; the amido group belongs to a hydrophilic functional group, the lignin and acrylamide are subjected to copolymerization reaction, dibenzoyl peroxide is used as an initiator, and gamma ray radiation is adopted for composite modification, so that the hydroxyl group of the lignin is easy to generate hydration effect, the hydration capability of the copolymer can be improved, and meanwhile, a new chemical bond and a new chemical structure are formed, so that the copolymer has a pore structure, the surface roughness of the copolymer is improved, and the aggregation reaction with particles is facilitated.
Further explaining, 10-13 parts of lignin, 7-9 parts of acrylamide, 2-3 parts of an initiator and 32-38 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol.
Preferably, the lignin is 11 parts by weight, the acrylamide is 8 parts by weight, the initiator is 2 parts by weight and the absolute ethyl alcohol is 35 parts by weight.
Preferably, the initiator is dibenzoyl peroxide.
Further, in the step (1), the addition amount of the flocculant is 260 g/t.
Further, in the step (2), the sediment is sheared for 55min at 2100 r/min.
Further, in the step (3), the amount of the water-soluble copolymer added is 180 g/t.
Further explaining, in the step (4), after hot air is introduced and the reaction is carried out for 6 hours at 65 ℃, high-pressure steam reaction is carried out, and the reaction is carried out for 1.5 hours at 1.7MPa and 155 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts flocculating agent sedimentation, shearing dispersion, water-soluble copolymer aggregation and twice thermal reaction in sequence, comprehensively regulates and controls the conditions of the dispersing shearing and the twice thermal reaction, and preferably selects the addition amount of the flocculating agent and the water-soluble copolymer, so that the bleeding performance of the treated raw material for 1h can reach more than 36 percent, and the concentration of the obtained concentrated mature fine tailings reaches more than 78.5 percent; according to the invention, the mutual synergistic effect of the flocculating agent and the water-soluble copolymer is utilized, so that repulsion force is generated among particles, free water in fine particles can be separated out quickly, the bleeding performance of the aged fine tailings can be improved, meanwhile, the stable structure of multiple particles, copolymer molecules and flocculating molecules is effectively avoided being formed, the separated water is also prevented from being wrapped by a flocculating network structure, and the dewatering and concentrating efficiency is ensured; the conditions of sedimentation, dispersion, aggregation and secondary thermal reaction are mild and controllable, the addition amount of the flocculating agent and the water-soluble copolymer is less, and the method for treating the aged fine tailings is more environment-friendly and safer.
In addition, the invention adopts lignin and acrylamide to carry out copolymerization reaction, and uses dibenzoyl peroxide as an initiator, thereby improving the hydration capability and the porous structure of the copolymer, increasing the surface roughness, laying a foundation for improving the bleeding capability of cured fine tailings, and being beneficial to removing water in the subsequent thermal reaction.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
The experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the examples of the present invention are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A process for treating mature fine tailings, comprising the steps of:
(1) and (3) settling: adding 280g/t of flocculating agent into the mature fine tailing raw material for sedimentation treatment to obtain sediment; the flocculating agent is polyacrylamide;
(2) dispersing: shearing the sediment at 2700r/min for 50min to obtain an expansion dispersion;
(3) aggregation: immediately adding 200g/t of water-soluble copolymer into the expanded dispersion after shearing for wheel milling, wherein each wheel milling is 15-20min, the wheel milling is carried out for 3-4 times in total, and standing is carried out to obtain aggregates;
the preparation method of the water-soluble copolymer comprises the following steps: taking 13g of lignin, 9g of acrylamide, 3g of initiator dibenzoyl peroxide and 38g of absolute ethyl alcohol by weight, adding 80 ℃ water into the lignin, soaking for 50min, adding the acrylamide, carrying out ultrasonic mixing, adding the initiator dibenzoyl peroxide, initiating copolymerization reaction by adopting gamma ray radiation, adding the absolute ethyl alcohol after reaction, stirring until precipitation is separated out, filtering, and drying to obtain a water-soluble copolymer;
(4) reaction: stirring the aggregate, introducing hot air, reacting at 60 ℃ for 8 hours, then carrying out high-pressure steam reaction, reacting at 1.8MPa and 160 ℃ for 1 hour, cooling, and dehydrating to obtain concentrated and cured fine tailings.
Example 2
A process for treating mature fine tailings, comprising the steps of:
(1) and (3) settling: adding 230g/t of flocculating agent into a mature fine tailing raw material pump for sedimentation treatment to obtain sediment; the mass ratio of the flocculating agent is 1: 1 polyacrylamide and p-aminobenzoic acid;
(2) dispersing: shearing the sediment at 1500r/min for 60min to obtain an expanded dispersion;
(3) aggregation: immediately adding 160g/t of water-soluble copolymer into the expanded dispersion after shearing for wheel milling, wherein the wheel milling is carried out for 15min each time and 4 times in total, and standing to obtain aggregates;
the preparation method of the water-soluble copolymer comprises the following steps: taking 13g of lignin, 9g of acrylamide, 3g of initiator dibenzoyl peroxide and 38g of absolute ethyl alcohol by weight, adding 80 ℃ water into the lignin, soaking for 50min, adding the acrylamide, carrying out ultrasonic mixing, adding the initiator dibenzoyl peroxide, initiating copolymerization reaction by adopting gamma ray radiation, adding the absolute ethyl alcohol after reaction, stirring until precipitation is separated out, filtering, and drying to obtain a water-soluble copolymer;
(4) reaction: stirring the aggregate, introducing hot air, reacting at 70 ℃ for 4h, then carrying out high-pressure steam reaction, reacting at 150 ℃ for 2h under 1.5MPa, cooling, and dehydrating to obtain concentrated and cured fine tailings.
Example 3
A process for treating mature fine tailings, comprising the steps of:
(1) and (3) settling: adding a flocculating agent 260g/t into the mature fine tailing raw material for sedimentation treatment to obtain sediment; the mass ratio of the flocculating agent is 1: 1: 1 of polyacrylamide, para-aminobenzoic acid, and polyimide;
(2) dispersing: shearing the sediment at 2100r/min for 55min to obtain an expansion dispersion;
(3) aggregation: immediately adding 180g/t of water-soluble copolymer into the expanded dispersion after shearing for wheel milling for 18min each time, carrying out wheel milling for 4 times together, and standing to obtain an aggregate;
the preparation method of the water-soluble copolymer comprises the following steps: taking 13g of lignin, 9g of acrylamide, 3g of initiator dibenzoyl peroxide and 38g of absolute ethyl alcohol by weight, adding 80 ℃ water into the lignin, soaking for 50min, adding the acrylamide, carrying out ultrasonic mixing, adding the initiator dibenzoyl peroxide, initiating copolymerization reaction by adopting gamma ray radiation, adding the absolute ethyl alcohol after reaction, stirring until precipitation is separated out, filtering, and drying to obtain a water-soluble copolymer;
(4) reaction: stirring the aggregate, introducing hot air, reacting at 65 ℃ for 6 hours, then carrying out high-pressure steam reaction, reacting at 1.7MPa and 155 ℃ for 1.5 hours, cooling, and dehydrating to obtain concentrated mature fine tailings.
Example 4
A process for treating mature fine tailings, comprising the steps of:
(1) and (3) settling: adding a flocculating agent 260g/t into the mature fine tailing raw material for sedimentation treatment to obtain sediment; the mass ratio of the flocculating agent is 1: 1: 1 of polyacrylamide, para-aminobenzoic acid, and polyimide;
(2) dispersing: shearing the sediment at 2100r/min for 55min to obtain an expansion dispersion;
(3) aggregation: immediately adding 180g/t of water-soluble copolymer into the expanded dispersion after shearing for wheel milling, wherein each wheel milling is carried out for 18min, and the wheel milling is carried out for 4 times in total, and standing to obtain aggregates;
the preparation method of the water-soluble copolymer comprises the following steps: taking 11g of lignin, 8g of acrylamide, 2g of initiator dibenzoyl peroxide and 35g of absolute ethyl alcohol by weight, adding 90 ℃ water into the lignin, soaking for 40min, adding the acrylamide, carrying out ultrasonic mixing, adding the initiator dibenzoyl peroxide, initiating copolymerization reaction by adopting gamma ray radiation, adding the absolute ethyl alcohol after reaction, stirring until precipitation is separated out, filtering, and drying to obtain a water-soluble copolymer;
(4) reaction: stirring the aggregate, introducing hot air, reacting at 65 ℃ for 6 hours, then carrying out high-pressure steam reaction, reacting at 1.7MPa and 155 ℃ for 1.5 hours, cooling, and dehydrating to obtain concentrated mature fine tailings.
Comparative example 1
A process for the treatment of mature fine tailings according to example 4, with the difference that the sequence of steps is different, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) aggregation: adding 180g/t of water-soluble copolymer into the mature fine tailing raw material for wheel milling, wherein each wheel milling is carried out for 18min, and the wheel milling is carried out for 4 times in total, and standing to obtain aggregates;
the preparation method of the water-soluble copolymer comprises the following steps: according to the weight, 11g of lignin, 8g of acrylamide, 2g of initiator dibenzoyl peroxide and 35g of absolute ethyl alcohol are taken, water with the temperature of 90 ℃ is added into the lignin for soaking for 40min, the acrylamide is added, ultrasonic mixing is carried out, the initiator dibenzoyl peroxide is added, gamma-ray radiation is adopted for initiating copolymerization reaction, after the reaction, the absolute ethyl alcohol is added, stirring is carried out until precipitation is separated out, filtering and drying are carried out, and the water-soluble copolymer is obtained;
(2) dispersing: shearing the aggregate at 2100r/min for 55min to obtain an expanded dispersion;
(3) and (3) settling: adding 260g/t of flocculating agent into the expanded dispersion for sedimentation treatment to obtain sediment; the mass ratio of the flocculating agent is 1: 1: 1 of polyacrylamide, para-aminobenzoic acid, and polyimide;
(4) reaction: stirring the sediment, introducing hot air, reacting at 65 ℃ for 6 hours, then carrying out high-pressure steam reaction at 1.7MPa and 155 ℃ for 1.5 hours, cooling, dehydrating, and obtaining concentrated mature fine tailings.
Comparative example 2
A process for the maturation of fine tailings according to example 4, with the difference that the water-soluble copolymer replaces the lignin with starch, the specific steps being:
taking 11g of starch, 8g of acrylamide, 2g of initiator dibenzoyl peroxide and 35g of absolute ethyl alcohol by weight, adding 90 ℃ water into lignin, soaking for 40min, adding the acrylamide, carrying out ultrasonic mixing, adding the initiator dibenzoyl peroxide, initiating copolymerization reaction by adopting gamma ray radiation, adding the absolute ethyl alcohol after reaction, stirring until precipitation is separated out, filtering, and drying to obtain the water-soluble copolymer.
Comparative example 3
A process for the maturation of fine tailings according to example 4, except that the water-soluble copolymer of step (3) is added in an amount of 300 g/t.
Comparative example 4
A process for the maturation of fine tailings according to example 4, with the difference that step (4) is carried out with a low pressure high temperature reaction, with the specific steps: stirring the aggregate, introducing hot air, reacting at 65 ℃ for 6 hours, reacting at low pressure and high temperature for 1.5 hours at 120 ℃ under 0.2MPa, cooling, and dehydrating to obtain concentrated mature fine tailings.
And (3) adopting a bleeding rate evaluation treatment method to evaluate the bleeding capacity of the cured fine tailings, selecting the aggregate/sediment obtained in the step (3) as a research object, adding the concentrated cured fine tailings into a glass container, vibrating to flatten the surface, sealing, standing for 1h and 3h respectively, taking out the bled water, measuring the weight, and calculating the formula: the water bleeding rate is M/mx 100%, wherein M is the weight (g) of the water bled out, M is the weight (g) of the concentrated mature fine tailings, the mature fine tailings before treatment are used as a reference, and after dehydration and concentration by a thickener, the initial concentration of the mature fine tailings after concentration is 42%.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the above table, the aggregate obtained by the treatment in examples 1 to 4 has excellent bleeding performance, which can reach 36% or more in 1 hour, and the bleeding time is shortened rapidly, and after the thickening and dehydration treatment, the concentration of the obtained concentrated mature fine tailings reaches 78.5% or more, indicating that the invention adopts the mutual cooperation of the flocculant and the water-soluble copolymer in sequence, and the steps of flocculant sedimentation, shear dispersion, water-soluble copolymer aggregation and twice thermal reactions are sequentially carried out, so that the conditions of dispersion shear and twice thermal reactions are comprehensively regulated and controlled, the bleeding performance of the mature fine tailings can be improved and enhanced, free water in fine particles can be rapidly separated out, and the efficiency of dewatering and concentration is ensured; the conditions of sedimentation, dispersion, aggregation and secondary thermal reaction are mild and controllable, the addition amount of the flocculating agent and the water-soluble copolymer is less, and the method for treating the aged fine tailings is more environment-friendly and safer.
Compared with the comparative example 1, the bleeding rate and the concentration of the comparative example 1 are lower, which shows that the flocculant is added for sedimentation, and then the water-soluble copolymer is added for rolling through the dispersion expansion effect, so that repulsion force is generated among particles, a large amount of free water in the mature fine tailings is released quickly, and the concentration of the concentrated product is improved.
Example 4 compared to comparative example 2, the concentration of comparative example 2 is lower, and repulsion is generated between particles of mature fine tailings, so that moisture is rapidly released, but the added flocculant and water-soluble copolymer generally form a web structure to wrap the released moisture, so that the concentration is affected, and the water-soluble copolymer formed by lignin has a structure with porous and rough pores, so that a channel is opened for moisture removal in a subsequent thermal reaction.
Compared with the comparative example 3, in the embodiment 4, although the effect of quickly removing water can be achieved in a short time by increasing the adding amount of the water-soluble copolymer, the surface of the particles of the aged fine tailings is easily covered with the high molecular weight copolymer, and the excessive water-soluble copolymer is compounded with the flocculating agent to form a multiple stable structure of particles-copolymer molecules-flocculating molecules, which is not beneficial to dehydration and concentration.
Compared with the comparative example 4, the high-pressure steam step is arranged, which is beneficial to breaking the water molecule film formed by excessive high molecular weight substances, further reducing the molecular network structure formed by the excessive high molecular weight substances and improving the efficiency of dehydration and concentration.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is intended to cover any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A process for treating mature fine tailings, comprising the steps of:
(1) and (3) settling: adding a flocculating agent into the cured fine tailing raw material for sedimentation treatment to obtain a sediment; the flocculant contains at least one of polyacrylamide, p-aminobenzoic acid and polyimide, and the addition amount of the flocculant is 230-280 g/t;
(2) dispersing: shearing the sediment at 1500-2700r/min for 50-60min to obtain an expanded dispersion;
(3) aggregation: immediately adding the water-soluble copolymer into the expanded dispersion after shearing for wheel milling for 15-20min each time, carrying out wheel milling for 3-4 times together, and standing to obtain an aggregate; the water-soluble copolymer is obtained by copolymerization reaction of lignin and acrylamide, and the addition amount of the water-soluble copolymer is 160-200 g/t;
(4) reaction: stirring the aggregate, introducing hot air, reacting at 60-70 ℃ for 4-8h, performing high-pressure steam reaction at 1.5-1.8MPa and 150-160 ℃ for 1-2h, cooling, and dehydrating to obtain concentrated and cured fine tailings.
2. A treatment process for maturing fine tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that the water-soluble copolymer is prepared by: adding 80-90 ℃ water into lignin, soaking for 30-50min, adding acrylamide, carrying out ultrasonic mixing, adding an initiator, initiating copolymerization reaction by adopting gamma ray radiation, adding absolute ethyl alcohol after reaction, stirring until precipitation is separated out, filtering, and drying to obtain the water-soluble copolymer.
3. The treatment method for maturing fine tailings according to claim 2, characterized in that the lignin is 10-13 parts by weight, the acrylamide is 7-9 parts by weight, the initiator is 2-3 parts by weight, and the absolute ethyl alcohol is 32-38 parts by weight.
4. A treatment process for maturing fine tailings according to claim 3, characterized in that said lignin is 11 parts by weight, acrylamide is 8 parts by weight, initiator is 2 parts by weight and absolute ethyl alcohol is 35 parts by weight.
5. A treatment process for maturing fine tailings according to claim 2, characterized in that the initiator is dibenzoyl peroxide.
6. A treatment process for maturing fine tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that the flocculant is added in an amount of 260g/t in step (1).
7. A treatment process for maturing fine tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (2), the sediment is sheared at 2100r/min for 55 min.
8. A treatment process for maturing fine tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (3), the amount of said water-soluble copolymer added is 180 g/t.
9. The treatment method for maturing fine tailings according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the hot air is introduced, the reaction is carried out at 65 ℃ for 6 hours, then the high-pressure steam reaction is carried out, and the reaction is carried out at 1.7MPa and 155 ℃ for 1.5 hours.
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN114632618B (en) | 2024-01-09 |
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