CN114585591B - Water treatment apparatus design support device and water treatment apparatus design support method - Google Patents
Water treatment apparatus design support device and water treatment apparatus design support method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114585591B CN114585591B CN201980099618.9A CN201980099618A CN114585591B CN 114585591 B CN114585591 B CN 114585591B CN 201980099618 A CN201980099618 A CN 201980099618A CN 114585591 B CN114585591 B CN 114585591B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/10—Accessories; Auxiliary operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
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Abstract
The water treatment device design support device (100) is provided with: a scale generation amount calculation unit (1) for calculating the amount of scale generated by adhering to a separation membrane provided in a water treatment device, using water information of water to be treated which is treated by the water treatment device to be designed; an inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit (2) for calculating a time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference of the separation membrane when the water treatment apparatus is operated without cleaning the separation membrane, using the amount of dirt generated; a cleaning-time membrane pressure difference calculation unit (3) which calculates the time-series change of the pressure difference between the separation membranes during cleaning of the water treatment apparatus by using the time-series change of the pressure difference between the membranes, the reduction range of the pressure difference between the membranes caused by cleaning of the separation membranes, and the rate of increase of the pressure difference between the membranes; and a total area calculation unit (4) for calculating the total area of the separation membrane required for the treatment of the water to be treated, using the time-series change in the pressure difference between the membranes during the cleaning.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to a water treatment apparatus design support apparatus and a water treatment apparatus design support method.
Background
A reverse osmosis membrane plant design support apparatus is disclosed (see patent document 1) that receives input conditions required for calculation of the operation performance of a reverse osmosis membrane plant, for example, a target treated water amount, aged deterioration of a separation membrane, and the like, creates at least 1 or more script files based on the input conditions, and collects and displays calculation results of operation performance, for example, a membrane area, a membrane number, and the like, corresponding to the input conditions, obtained by simulation, that differ for at least each property of a reverse osmosis membrane based on the script files.
Prior art literature
Patent literature
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open No. 2015-197783
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
However, in the technique of patent document 1, the membrane area, the number of membranes, and the like of the separation membranes can be determined according to the input conditions, but recovery of the treatment efficiency of the separation membranes formed by the cleaning is not considered. In the case of a reverse osmosis membrane apparatus, for example, a water treatment apparatus, which operates while cleaning a separation membrane, the degradation tendency of the separation membrane becomes more complicated than in the case of not cleaning the separation membrane. If the degradation tendency of the separation membrane changes, the amount of water that can be treated by the separation membrane changes. Thus, since the total area of the separation membrane required for the water treatment apparatus varies, the technique of patent document 1 has a problem that the total area of the separation membrane required for the operation while cleaning the separation membrane cannot be calculated.
The present disclosure has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a water treatment apparatus design support device and a water treatment apparatus design support method capable of calculating a total area of a separation membrane in consideration of cleaning of the separation membrane.
Means for solving the problems
The water treatment apparatus design support device of the present disclosure includes: a scale generation amount calculation unit that calculates the amount of scale generated by adhering to a separation membrane provided in a water treatment device, using water information of water to be treated which is treated by the water treatment device to be designed; an inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit that calculates a time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference of the separation membrane when the water treatment apparatus is operated without cleaning the separation membrane, using the amount of dirt generated; a cleaning-time membrane pressure difference calculation unit that calculates a time series change in the cleaning-time membrane pressure difference of the separation membrane when the separation membrane is cleaned and the water treatment apparatus is operated, using the time series change in the membrane pressure difference, the magnitude of decrease in the membrane pressure difference caused by cleaning of the separation membrane, and the rate of increase in the membrane pressure difference; and a total area calculation unit that calculates the total area of the separation membrane required for the treatment of the water to be treated, using the time-series change in the pressure difference between the membranes during the cleaning.
The water treatment apparatus design support method of the present disclosure includes: calculating the amount of dirt adhering to a separation membrane provided in a water treatment apparatus using water information of water to be treated by the water treatment apparatus to be designed; calculating a time-series change in pressure difference between separation membranes when the water treatment apparatus is operated without cleaning the separation membranes, using the amount of generated dirt; calculating a time sequence change of the pressure difference between the separation membranes during the cleaning of the separation membranes and operating the water treatment apparatus by using the time sequence change of the pressure difference between the membranes, a reduction range of the pressure difference between the membranes caused by the cleaning of the separation membranes, and a rate of increase of the pressure difference between the membranes; and calculating the total area of the separation membrane required for the treatment of the water to be treated by using the time-series change of the pressure difference between the membranes during the cleaning.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
According to the present disclosure, the total area of the separation membrane in consideration of the cleaning of the separation membrane can be calculated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing a design support device according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is an example of a scale generation amount calculation model according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 shows an example of the inter-membrane pressure difference calculation model according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is a relationship diagram showing an example of a time-series change in the pressure difference between films according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 shows an example of a film degradation model according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 6 is a graph showing an example of a time-series change in the pressure difference between membranes at the time of membrane cleaning according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the pressure difference between membranes and the amount of treatable water according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 8 shows an example of the total area of the separation membrane according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 9 is a process diagram showing the processing of the design support device according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 10 is an example of numerical data showing time-series changes in the pressure difference between membranes at the time of membrane cleaning according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 11 is a graph showing a time-series change in the pressure difference between membranes at the time of membrane cleaning according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 12 is a block diagram showing a design support device according to embodiment 2.
Fig. 13 is a process diagram showing the processing of the design support device according to embodiment 2.
Fig. 14 is a block diagram showing a design support device according to embodiment 3.
Fig. 15 is a process diagram showing the processing of the design support device according to embodiment 3.
Fig. 16 is a hardware configuration for realizing the functions of the design support device according to the present disclosure.
Fig. 17 is a diagram showing an example of input information and output information according to the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing a water treatment apparatus design support apparatus (hereinafter referred to as "design support apparatus") according to embodiment 1. The design support device 100 includes a fouling amount calculation unit 1, an inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 2, a cleaning-time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 3, and a total area calculation unit 4. The input device 10 is, for example, a keyboard or a mouse, and inputs water information to be treated (described later) to the design support device 100 via an input unit (not shown in fig. 1). The output device 5 will be described later.
The design support apparatus 100 is the following: the total area of the separation membrane required for the treatment of the water to be treated in the water treatment apparatus is calculated from the water quality of the water to be treated by the water treatment apparatus to be designed (hereinafter referred to as "water treatment apparatus"), the water quantity of the water to be treated, the water quality of the water to be treated after the treatment (hereinafter referred to as "water after the treatment"), and the like.
The water treatment device is the following device: for example, the sewage treatment apparatus is installed in a sewage treatment plant, and sewage as water to be treated is separated (filtered) into activated sludge and treated water by a separation membrane. In the water treatment apparatus, for example, when the separation membrane reaches a predetermined pressure difference between membranes (described later), the separation membrane is cleaned. The washed separation membrane is again used for the treatment of the treated water and then replaced with a new separation membrane. The separation membrane may be a single separation membrane or a membrane module formed by modularizing the separation membrane. The configuration of the design support device 100 is described in detail below.
The scale generation amount calculation unit 1 calculates the scale generation amount by applying at least one of the amount of water to be treated, the quality of water to be treated, and the quality of water after treatment (hereinafter referred to as "treated water information") to a scale generation amount calculation model. The method of calculating the amount of fouling will be described later.
Here, dirt will be described. The separation membrane physically or chemically adheres a substance to be removed, such as activated sludge, contained in the water to be treated to a membrane surface of the separation membrane, thereby removing the substance to be removed from the water to be treated. The removal target substance adhering to the membrane surface of the separation membrane is dirt. The rate of increase of the dirt adhering to the membrane surface of the separation membrane is determined by the quality of the water to be treated, i.e., the quality of the treated water before and after the treatment.
Dirt accumulates on the membrane surface of the separation membrane with the operation time of the water treatment apparatus, that is, with the passage of the treatment time of the water to be treated by the separation membrane, and the separation membrane is clogged. The efficiency of the separation membrane treatment is reduced due to clogging of the separation membrane. The cleaning of the separation membrane removes dirt from the separation membrane for restoring the treatment efficiency of the separation membrane.
Next, a method for calculating the amount of generated dirt will be described using a model for calculating the amount of generated dirt. Fig. 2 is an example of a scale generation amount calculation model according to embodiment 1. In FIG. 2, the vertical axis represents the scale generation amount (mgN), and the horizontal axis represents the water amount (m) 3 ). FIG. 2 shows a scale formation amount calculation model X in which the water quality of treated water is X (mgN/L) and a scale formation amount calculation model Y in which the water quality of treated water is Y (mgN/L). The scale generation amount calculation model of fig. 2 shows that the scale generation amount increases as the amount of water to be treated increases, respectively. In these scale generation amount calculation models, the amount of water to be treated and the scale generation amount are in a proportional relationship.
For example, when the quality of the treated water in the water treatment apparatus is set to X (mgN/L), the amount of the treated water is applied to the scale generation amount calculation model X to calculate the scale generation amount. The treated water information herein refers to the amount of treated water. The amount of scale generated can be calculated by the following model formula (1), for example. In addition, α in the model formula (1) is a proportionality constant.
[ formula 1]
Dirt production amount=α+treated water amount … (1)
The inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 2 calculates a time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference by applying the amount of fouling to an inter-membrane pressure difference calculation model.
The pressure difference between the membranes is the difference between the pressure of the treated water side and the pressure of the treated water side. The time-series change in the pressure difference between the membranes indicates a change in the pressure difference between the separation membranes when the water to be treated is treated without cleaning the separation membranes. If fouling adheres to the membrane surface of the separation membrane, the pressure difference between the membranes increases due to clogging. As described above, the clogging of the separation membrane reduces the treatment efficiency of the separation membrane, and therefore, an increase in the pressure difference between the membranes can be said to be a reduction in the treatment efficiency of the separation membrane, that is, a deterioration of the separation membrane.
Here, a method for calculating the time series change of the pressure difference between the membranes will be described by using a model for calculating the pressure difference between the membranes. Fig. 3 shows an example of the inter-membrane pressure difference calculation model according to embodiment 1. Fig. 3 (a) is a graph of the relationship between the treatment time (t) and the scale generation amount (mgN), and the vertical axis represents the scale generation amount (mgN) and the horizontal axis represents the treatment time (t). Fig. 3 (b) is a graph of the relationship between the scale accumulation amount (mgN) and the pressure difference between membranes (kPa), wherein the vertical axis represents the pressure difference between membranes (kPa), and the horizontal axis represents the scale generation amount (mgN).
In the above-described map of fig. 3 (a), the fouling amount C in a certain treatment time (t) is calculated by applying the inter-membrane differential pressure calculation model fouling amount. The differential pressure between membranes was calculated by applying the fouling accumulation amount C to the map of fig. 3 (b) described above. The scale accumulation amount C can be calculated by the following model expression (2), for example. The pressure difference between the membranes can be calculated by the following model (3), for example. In addition, β and M in the model formula (3) are arbitrary constants.
[ formula 2]
[ arithmetic 3]
Pressure difference between membranes = C β +M…(3)
For example, at the processing time (t 2 －t 1 ) During the period of (2) the amount of scale generated from F 1 Rising to F 2 . The value obtained by integrating this, that is, the value calculated by the model equation (2), is the scale accumulation amount C, and is the oblique line portion of fig. 3 (a).
Next, a time-series change in the pressure difference between the membranes using the fouling accumulation amount C will be described. For example, the start of the treatment by the separation membrane is set to the treatment time t 1 The processing time t is set at equal intervals 2 、t 3 、t 4 T 5 . And, will be processed in the processing time (t 2 －t 1 ) The scale accumulated in the period (C) 1 Will be processed at a processing time (t 3 －t 2 ) The scale accumulated in the period (C) 2 Will be processed at a processing time (t 4 －t 3 ) The scale accumulated in the period (C) 3 And will be performed at a processing time (t 5 －t 4 ) The scale accumulated in the period (C) 4 The scale accumulation amounts C are calculated by using fig. 3 (a), respectively 1 ～C 4 。
The calculated dirt accumulation amount C 1 ～C 4 As shown in fig. 3 (b), the time-series change in the pressure difference between the membranes can be obtained by calculating the pressure difference between the membranes corresponding to the respective accumulation amounts C of dirt using the model pattern (3).
The time-series change of the pressure difference between the films calculated by the above-described calculation method is described below. Fig. 4 is a relationship diagram showing an example of a time-series change in the pressure difference between films according to embodiment 1. In fig. 4, the vertical axis represents the pressure difference (kPa) between films, and the horizontal axis represents the treatment time (t). Fig. 4 shows a case where the pressure difference between the films increases exponentially as the process time becomes longer. This is a time-series change in the pressure difference between the membranes in the case where the cleaning of the separation membranes is not considered.
The inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 3 calculates a time series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference at the time of cleaning of the separation membrane (hereinafter referred to as "membrane cleaning") by using the reduction range of the inter-membrane pressure difference formed by cleaning, the rate of rise of the inter-membrane pressure difference (hereinafter referred to collectively as "inter-membrane pressure difference calculation condition") and the time series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference. The pressure difference calculation condition between the membranes at the time of cleaning is a value unique to the separation membrane, and can be calculated by applying at least one of the cleaning strength, the cleaning frequency, and the number of times of cleaning (hereinafter referred to as "cleaning condition") to a membrane degradation model (described later) of the separation membrane. The extent of decrease in the pressure difference between the membranes formed by the cleaning means the degree of recovery of the treatment efficiency of the separation membrane formed by the cleaning, and the rate of increase in the pressure difference between the membranes means the degree of deterioration of the separation membrane. In membrane cleaning, degradation of the separation membrane due to fouling and recovery of the treatment efficiency of the separation membrane formed by cleaning occur.
The cleaning strength is physical strength or concentration of the cleaning chemical when removing dirt from the membrane surface of the separation membrane. The washing frequency means, for example, when a predetermined pressure difference between the membranes is reached or when a predetermined treatment time has elapsed at the time of washing the separation membranes.
Here, a film degradation model will be described. Fig. 5 shows an example of a film degradation model according to embodiment 1. A membrane degradation model is shown that reduces the magnitude of the decrease in the pressure difference between membranes and increases the rate of increase in the pressure difference between membranes due to cleaning. Fig. 5 (a) is a calculation model showing a relationship in which the reduction range of the pressure difference between the films due to the cleaning is proportional to the number of times of cleaning. In fig. 5 (a), the reduction range of the pressure difference between the films is shown as the recovery rate. Fig. 5 (b) is a calculation model showing the relationship between the rate of rise of the pressure difference between the membranes and the number of times of cleaning as an index. Further, since the conditions for calculating the pressure difference between the membranes during cleaning are values unique to the separation membranes as described above, the pressure difference between the membranes during cleaning may be calculated by the pressure difference calculation unit 3 during cleaning using a membrane degradation model, or may be inputted as a numerical value by a user, for example, a person skilled in the art of designing a water treatment apparatus. In fig. 5, the number of times of cleaning is used as the cleaning conditions, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The magnitude of decrease in the pressure difference between the membranes due to the cleaning is shown in model (4), and the rate of increase in the pressure difference between the membranes is shown in model (5). The model (4) and the model (5) are examples, respectively, but are not limited thereto. Gamma (gamma < 0) is a proportionality constant, and epsilon, N and Q are arbitrary constants.
[ calculation formula 4]
Reduction amplitude of pressure difference between membranes=γ×number of washings+n … (4)
[ calculation formula 5]
Rate of rise in pressure differential across membranes = number of washings ε +Q…(5)
Next, a time-series change in the pressure difference between the films during film cleaning will be described. Fig. 6 is a graph showing an example of a time-series change in the pressure difference between membranes at the time of membrane cleaning according to embodiment 1. In FIG. 6, the vertical axis represents the pressure difference (kPa) between films, and the horizontal axis represents the treatment time (t). In FIG. 6The pressure difference between the membranes becomes P 3 The separation membrane is cleaned at the same time. Namely, at S of FIG. 6 1 、S 2 S and S 3 The separation membrane is cleaned.
The time series change in the pressure difference between the membranes at the time of membrane cleaning represents the time series change in the pressure difference between the membranes of the separation membrane at the time of membrane cleaning, that is, the aged deterioration of the separation membrane at the time of membrane cleaning. The treatment efficiency of the separation membrane is recovered by the washing, but the extent of the decrease in the pressure difference between the membranes due to the washing, that is, the extent of recovery of the treatment efficiency of the separation membrane decreases with the increase in the number of washing. As shown in FIG. 6, as the number of times of washing increases, S 2 The reduction width W of the pressure difference between the membranes after cleaning 2 Less than S 1 Is a reduction width W after cleaning 1 ，S 3 The reduction width W of the pressure difference between the membranes after cleaning 3 Less than S 2 Is a reduction width W after cleaning 2 . In other words, the pressure difference P between the membranes immediately after cleaning 4 Rising with increasing number of washes. Reducing the amplitude W 1 ～W 3 Can be calculated by the model form (4).
Further, the rising rate of the pressure difference between the membranes reaches the pressure difference P between the membranes 3 The time until the washing is reduced as the number of washing is increased. Thus, as shown in FIG. 6, the pressure difference between the membranes during the membrane cleaning is repeated while the rising period (T 1 、T 2 T is as follows 3 ) Short-term and rising. Rise period T 1 ～T 3 The calculation may be performed based on the magnitude of decrease in the pressure difference between the membranes calculated by the model (4) and the rate of increase in the pressure difference between the membranes calculated by the model (5). And, pressure difference P between membranes 4 When the value reaches a predetermined value, it is considered that the reduction in the cleaning is small, and the separation membrane is replaced.
The total area calculating unit 4 calculates the total area of the separation membrane required for the water treatment apparatus using the time-series change in the pressure difference between the membranes during membrane cleaning. FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the pressure difference between membranes and the amount of treatable water in embodiment 1, the vertical axis being for each 1cm of separation membrane 3 Water amount (m) of treatable treated water 3 ) The horizontal axis is the pressure difference between membranes(kPa)。
As described above, the pressure difference P between the membranes 4 When the value reaches a predetermined value, the separation membrane is replaced. Here, it is assumed that T of fig. 6 2 Pressure difference P between membranes at end 4 The separation membrane is replaced. The rising period T being divided at intervals, e.g. daily 1 Rise period T 2 . When the pressure difference between membranes on each day is obtained and applied to fig. 7, the amount of treatable water on each day can be calculated. By summing them up, the rise period T can be calculated 1 Rise period T 2 Every 1cm of (C) 3 The treatable water quantity of the separation membrane.
The rise period T can be calculated by dividing the amount of water to be treated flowing into the water treatment apparatus by the amount of water to be treated 1 Up period T 2 The total area of the separation membrane required during (a) is determined.
Further, the number of separation membranes provided in the water treatment apparatus can be calculated by dividing the calculated total area of the separation membranes by the surface area of each separation membrane.
When the separation membrane is not cleaned, the treatment efficiency of the separation membrane is not recovered, and therefore, the pressure difference between the membranes increases monotonously. Thus, the rising period T 1 Rise period T 2 The amount of treatable water becomes smaller. As a result, the rising period T 1 Up period T 2 The total area of the separation membranes required for the period (a) is increased, and the number of the calculated separation membranes provided in the water treatment apparatus is also greater than that in the case of cleaning the separation membranes.
In fig. 7, the vertical axis is the amount of water that can be treated, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the concentration of water to be treated may be set.
Fig. 8 shows an example of the total area of the separation membrane according to embodiment 1. The calculated total area is displayed on an output device 5, such as a display. Further, output data obtained by converting the total area into the number of separation membranes may be displayed on the output device 5 as shown in fig. 8. Based on the output data displayed by the output device 5, the user may determine the number of separation membranes provided in the water treatment device. Here, the number of separation membranes may be the number of membrane modules or the number of separation membranes stored in the membrane modules.
Fig. 9 is a process diagram showing the processing of the design support device according to embodiment 1. The scale generation amount calculation unit 1 applies the water information to be treated, which is input from the input device 10 via the input unit (not shown in fig. 1), to a scale generation amount calculation model, and calculates a scale generation amount (step S1). The fouling generation amount is input to the inter-membrane pressure difference calculating section 2.
The inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 2 applies the fouling amount to the inter-membrane pressure difference calculation model, and calculates the time-series change of the inter-membrane pressure difference (step S2). The time-series change in the pressure difference between the membranes is input to the pressure difference calculation section 3 during cleaning.
The cleaning-time-membrane-pressure-difference calculating section 3 calculates a time-series change in the pressure difference between membranes at the time of membrane cleaning by using the cleaning-time-membrane-pressure-difference calculating condition and the time-series change in the pressure difference between membranes input from the input device 10 via the input section (not shown in fig. 1) (step S3). The time-series change in the pressure difference between the films at the time of film cleaning is input to the total area calculating section 4.
The total area calculating section 4 calculates the total area of the separation membrane using the time-series change in the pressure difference between the membranes at the time of membrane cleaning (step S4). The calculated separation membrane is displayed on the output device 5 via an output unit (not shown in fig. 1).
Fig. 10 is an example of numerical data showing a time series change in the pressure difference between films at the time of film cleaning according to embodiment 1, and fig. 11 is a graph showing a time series change in the pressure difference between films at the time of film cleaning according to embodiment 1. Fig. 11 is a diagram obtained by applying the numerical data of fig. 10 to the model expressions (1) to (3) described above.
The treatment time in fig. 10 indicates the time (month) elapsed since the start of the treatment by the separation membrane, and the pressure difference between the membranes indicates the pressure difference between the membranes (kPa) corresponding to the respective treatment times. The separation membrane cleaning in fig. 10 indicates the presence or absence of cleaning of the separation membrane. For example, "good" in the column for cleaning separation membrane in the treatment time "8" indicates that the separation membrane was cleaned during the period from the 7 th month to the 8 th month from the start of the treatment. Thus, the pressure difference between the membranes at the 8 th month is reduced as compared with the pressure difference between the membranes at the 7 th month from the start of the treatment. In fig. 11, the vertical axis represents the pressure difference (kPa) between films after cleaning, and the horizontal axis represents the treatment time (month) from the start of the treatment.
As shown in fig. 10, the cleaning of the separation membrane is performed in the period of 7 to 8 months, the period of 10 to 11 months, the period of 12 to 13 months, and the period of 14 to 15 months, and therefore, in fig. 11, the pressure difference between the membranes at 8 months, 11 months, 13 months, and 15 months is reduced from the pressure difference between the membranes at 7 months, 10 months, 12 months, and 14 months. In addition, the pressure difference between the membranes immediately after the cleaning gradually increases with the passage of the treatment time.
As described above, the design support device 100 includes: a scale generation amount calculation unit 1 that calculates the amount of scale generated by adhering to a separation membrane provided in a water treatment device, using water information of water to be treated, which is water to be treated by the water treatment device to be designed; an inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 2 for calculating a time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference of the separation membrane when the water treatment apparatus is operated without cleaning the separation membrane, using the amount of dirt generated; a cleaning-time membrane pressure difference calculation unit 3 that calculates a time series change in the cleaning-time membrane pressure difference of the separation membrane when the separation membrane is cleaned and the water treatment apparatus is operated, using the time series change in the membrane pressure difference, the magnitude of decrease in the membrane pressure difference caused by cleaning of the separation membrane, and the rate of increase in the membrane pressure difference; and a total area calculation unit 4 for calculating the total area of the separation membrane required for the treatment of the water to be treated, using the time-series change in the pressure difference between the membranes during the cleaning.
With the above configuration, the design support device 100 can calculate the total area of the separation membrane in consideration of the cleaning of the separation membrane.
Thus, the total area of the separation membrane can be calculated by simulation when designing the water treatment apparatus, and therefore, the running cost of the separation membrane can be suppressed.
In the case where the separation membrane is in the form of a sheet, the output device 5 may display output data obtained by converting the total area into the number of separation membranes.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 12 is a block diagram showing a design support device according to embodiment 2. The design support apparatus 200 includes a fouling amount calculation unit 1, an inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 2, a cleaning-time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 3, a total area calculation unit 4, and a membrane determination unit 6. The design support apparatus 200 is different from the design support apparatus 100 in the following points: the total area is calculated for the plurality of separation membranes, and the separation membrane used in the water treatment apparatus is determined based on the comparison result of the calculated total areas. In fig. 12, the same reference numerals as those in fig. 1 denote the same or corresponding components, and a detailed description thereof is omitted.
There are a plurality of kinds in the separation membrane. In addition, even the same type of separation membrane may have different specifications depending on the manufacturer. Since these separation membranes have a difference in separation ability, it is necessary to select the separation membrane according to the type of water to be treated in the water treatment apparatus, the quality of water after treatment, and the like.
In embodiment 2, the total area of the plurality of separation membranes (separation membrane a and separation membrane B) is calculated and compared under the same cleaning conditions. The following is a detailed description. The separation membrane a may be represented as a first separation membrane, and the separation membrane B may be represented as a second separation membrane.
The scale generation amount calculation unit 1 calculates the scale generation amounts of the separation membranes a and B by applying the treated water information to a scale generation amount calculation model. The treatment capacities of the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B are known, and for example, if the quality of the treated water is X (mgN/L) and Y (mgN/L), the separation membrane a may calculate the amount of scale generation by using the scale generation amount calculation model X shown in fig. 2 and the separation membrane B may calculate the amount of scale generation by using the scale generation amount calculation model Y shown in fig. 2.
The inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 2 applies the fouling amount to the inter-membrane pressure difference calculation model, and calculates the time series change of the inter-membrane pressure difference of the separation membrane a and the time series change of the inter-membrane pressure difference of the separation membrane B, respectively.
The cleaning-time membrane pressure difference calculation unit 3 calculates the time series change of the pressure difference between the membranes of the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B at the time of cleaning the membranes by using the cleaning-time membrane pressure difference calculation conditions and the time series change of the pressure difference between the membranes of the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B.
The total area calculating unit 4 calculates the total area of the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B required for the water treatment apparatus, respectively, using the time-series change in the pressure difference between the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B during membrane cleaning.
The membrane determination unit 6 compares the total areas of the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B, and determines the separation membrane to be used in the target water treatment apparatus from the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B.
The output device 5 displays, for example, the determined separation membrane name of the separation membrane and the determined total area of the separation membrane.
Fig. 13 is a process diagram showing the processing of the design support device according to embodiment 2. The scale generation amount calculation unit 1 applies the information on the water to be treated, which is input from the input device 10 via the input unit (not shown in fig. 12), to the scale generation amount calculation models of the separation membranes a and B, and calculates the scale generation amounts (step S5). The calculated fouling amounts of the separation membranes a and B are input to the inter-membrane pressure difference calculating section 2, respectively.
The inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 2 applies the fouling amounts of the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B to an inter-membrane pressure difference calculation model, and calculates time-series changes in the inter-membrane pressure differences of the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B, respectively (step S6). The calculated time-series change in the pressure difference between the separation membranes a and B is input to the cleaning time-pressure difference calculating section 3.
The inter-cleaning-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 3 calculates a time series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference at the time of membrane cleaning of the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B by using the inter-cleaning-membrane pressure difference calculation conditions and the time series change in the inter-membrane pressure differences of the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B input from the input device 10 via an input unit (not shown in fig. 12) (step S7). The calculated time-series changes in the pressure difference between the separation membranes a and B at the time of membrane cleaning are input to the total area calculating section 4.
The total area calculating unit 4 calculates the total area of the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B required for the water treatment apparatus using the time-series change in the pressure difference between the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B at the time of membrane cleaning (step S8). The calculated total area of the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B is input to the membrane determination unit 6.
The membrane determination unit 6 compares the total areas of the separation membranes a and B, and determines the separation membrane to be used in the water treatment apparatus from the compared total area of the separation membrane A, B (steps S9 and S10). For example, when the total area of the separation membrane B is calculated to be smaller than the total area of the separation membrane a, the separation membrane B is determined to be used as the separation membrane for the water treatment apparatus. The determined separation membrane is displayed on the output device 5 via an output unit (not shown in fig. 12).
As described above, the inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 2 of the design support apparatus 200 calculates the time series change of the inter-membrane pressure difference between the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B, and the inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 3 calculates the time series change of the inter-membrane pressure difference between the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B, and the reduction width of the inter-membrane pressure difference and the rate of rise of the inter-membrane pressure difference due to the cleaning of the separation membrane, and the time series change of the inter-membrane pressure difference between the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B, respectively, and the total area calculation unit 4 calculates the total area of the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B required for the water treatment apparatus, respectively, using the time series change of the inter-membrane pressure difference between the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B.
The design support apparatus 200 further includes a membrane determination unit 6, and the membrane determination unit 6 compares the total areas of the separation membranes a and B and determines the separation membrane used in the water treatment apparatus from among the compared separation membranes a and B.
According to the above configuration, the design support apparatus 200 can calculate the total area of the separation membranes in consideration of the cleaning of the separation membranes, and determine the separation membrane to be used in the water treatment apparatus from among the separation membranes a and B.
The output data such as the determined number of separation membranes or the number of sheets may be displayed on the output device 5.
In addition, although an example has been shown in which the names of the separation membranes and the like determined are displayed on the output device 5, the membrane determination unit 6 may be provided in the design support device 200, and the total area and the like of the separation membranes a and B may be displayed on the output device 5, and the separation membranes may be selected by the user in consideration of not only the total area and the like displayed but also various conditions such as costs involved in cleaning the respective separation membranes.
Although the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B are shown as examples, a plurality of 3 or more kinds of separation membranes may be used.
Further, after the total area of each of the separation membrane a and the separation membrane B is calculated separately, the total area of each may be compared to determine the separation membrane used in the water treatment apparatus. That is, after the total area of the separation membrane a is calculated (step S5 to step S8), the total area of the separation membrane B may be calculated (step S5 to step S8), and the separation membranes used in the water treatment apparatus may be determined by comparing the calculated total areas (steps S9 and S10).
Embodiment 3
Fig. 14 is a block diagram showing a design support device according to embodiment 3. The design support apparatus 300 includes a fouling amount calculation unit 1, an inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 2, a cleaning-time inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 3, a total area calculation unit 4, and a condition determination unit 7. The design support apparatus 300 differs from the design support apparatus 100 in the following points: the total area of the separation membranes under a plurality of cleaning conditions is calculated, and the calculated total areas are compared to determine the cleaning conditions adopted by the water treatment device. In fig. 14, the same reference numerals as those in fig. 1 denote the same or corresponding components, and a detailed description thereof is omitted.
When the cleaning conditions of the separation membranes are different, for example, when the cleaning strength is different, there is a possibility that the total area of the separation membranes required even if the same separation membranes are used, for example. In the design support apparatus 300, the total area of the separation membrane under a plurality of cleaning conditions (cleaning conditions α and cleaning conditions β) is calculated, and the cleaning conditions employed in the water treatment apparatus are determined by comparing the calculated total areas. The fouling amount calculation unit 1 and the inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 2 have the same functions as those of the design support device 100, and therefore, descriptions thereof are omitted. Further, the cleaning condition α may be expressed as a first cleaning condition, and the cleaning condition β may be expressed as a second cleaning condition.
The inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 3 calculates the time series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference during membrane cleaning of the cleaning conditions α and β by using the time series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference calculation conditions and the inter-membrane pressure difference of the separation membranes of the cleaning conditions α and β.
The total area calculating unit 4 calculates the total area of the cleaning conditions α and β required for the water treatment apparatus, respectively, using the time-series variation of the pressure difference between the films during the film cleaning under the cleaning conditions α and β.
The condition determining unit 7 compares the total area of the cleaning conditions α and β to determine the cleaning conditions used by the target water treatment apparatus.
The output device 5 displays the determined cleaning conditions and the total area of the separation membrane.
Fig. 15 is a process diagram showing the processing of the design support device according to embodiment 3. Steps S1 and S2 are similar to the design support device 100, and therefore detailed description thereof is omitted.
The inter-cleaning-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 3 calculates a time series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference at the time of cleaning the membranes of the cleaning condition α and the cleaning condition β by using the time series change in the inter-cleaning-membrane pressure difference calculation condition and the inter-membrane pressure difference of the separation membrane of the cleaning condition α and the cleaning condition β, which are input from the input device 10 via the input unit (not shown in fig. 14) (step S11). The calculated time-series changes in the pressure difference between the films at the time of film cleaning under the cleaning conditions α and β are input to the total area calculating section 4.
The total area calculating unit 4 calculates the total area of the separation membranes required for the water treatment apparatus under each cleaning condition using the time-series change in the pressure difference between the membranes during the membrane cleaning under the cleaning conditions α and β (step S12).
The condition determining unit 7 compares the total area of the separation membranes under the cleaning conditions α and β to determine the cleaning conditions used in the water treatment apparatus (steps S13 and S14). The cleaning conditions used in the target water treatment apparatus are, for example, those in which the total area of the separation membrane is smaller. The determined cleaning conditions and the calculated total area of the separation membranes are displayed on the output device 5 via an output unit (not shown in fig. 14).
As described above, the inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit 3 of the design support apparatus 300 calculates the time series change of the inter-membrane pressure differences in the cleaning conditions α and β by using the time series change of the inter-membrane pressure differences in the cleaning conditions α and β and the reduction range of the inter-membrane pressure differences and the rate of increase of the inter-membrane pressure differences due to the cleaning of the separation membranes in the cleaning conditions α and β, and the total area calculation unit 4 calculates the total area of the separation membranes in the cleaning conditions α and β by using the time series change of the inter-membrane pressure differences in the cleaning conditions α and β.
The design support apparatus 300 further includes a condition determining unit 7, and the condition determining unit 7 compares the total area of the separation membrane under the cleaning condition α and the cleaning condition β, and determines the cleaning condition used by the water treatment apparatus from among the compared cleaning conditions α and β.
According to the above configuration, the design support apparatus 300 can calculate the total area of the separation membrane in consideration of the separation membrane cleaning, and determine the cleaning conditions used by the water treatment apparatus from among the cleaning conditions α and β.
In addition, output data obtained by converting the total area of the separation membrane into the number or the like may be displayed on the output device 5 together with the determined cleaning conditions.
Further, although the determined cleaning conditions are displayed on the output device 5, the cleaning conditions may be selected by the user in consideration of not only the total area of the separation membrane but also the cost and the like associated with each cleaning condition, by displaying the total area and the like of each cleaning condition α and β on the output device 5 without providing the condition determining unit 7.
Although the cleaning conditions α and β are shown as being compared, a plurality of 3 or more cleaning conditions may be compared.
Further, the total area under a plurality of cleaning conditions may be calculated for each of a plurality of types of separation membranes, and the optimal separation membrane and cleaning conditions may be obtained.
Further, the total area of each separation membrane under the cleaning conditions α and β may be calculated separately, and then the total areas may be compared to determine the cleaning conditions used in the water treatment apparatus. That is, after the total area of the washing condition α is calculated (steps S1, S2, S11, and S12), the total area of the washing condition β may be calculated (steps S1, S2, S11, and S12), and the washing conditions used by the water treatment apparatus may be determined by comparing the calculated total areas (steps S13 and S14).
Here, fig. 16 is an example of a hardware configuration for realizing the functions of the design support device according to the present disclosure. In the memory 8, a program for executing the functions of the design support devices 100, 200, and 300 is stored, and the processor 9 reads and executes the program stored in the memory 8. The input unit (not shown in fig. 1, 12, and 14) of the design support devices 100, 200, and 300 is implemented by the input device 10. The output unit (not shown in fig. 1, 12, and 14) is implemented by the output device 5. The processor 9 receives necessary information via the input unit, reads and executes the program stored in the memory 8, and outputs the result via the output unit.
In the present disclosure, a plurality of calculation models corresponding to the type of water to be treated, for example, sea water, domestic wastewater, industrial wastewater, or the like are proposed as the scale generation amount calculation model, but the scale generation amount calculation model may be selected according to the water to be treated by the water treatment apparatus to be treated.
As the inter-membrane pressure difference calculation model, a plurality of calculation models showing the tendency of the increase in the inter-membrane pressure difference with respect to the treatment time have been proposed, but the model may be selected according to the water to be treated by the target water treatment apparatus.
As the membrane degradation model, a plurality of calculation models corresponding to the type of separation membrane or the type of water to be treated are proposed, but may be selected according to the operation condition of the water treatment apparatus to be treated, the type of separation membrane, and the like.
Fig. 17 is a diagram showing an example of input information and output information according to the present disclosure. The input information is the information of the water to be treated, the cleaning condition and the differential pressure calculation condition during cleaning. The input information is not limited to the water information to be treated, the cleaning conditions, and the conditions for calculating the pressure difference between the membranes during cleaning shown in fig. 17, and may be selected according to the selected calculation model. Similarly, the output information may be selected according to the shape of the separation membrane or the like.
In the present disclosure, the input device 10 inputs the water information to be treated to the fouling generation amount calculation unit 1 and inputs the cleaning time membrane pressure difference calculation condition to the cleaning time membrane pressure difference calculation unit 3, but the design support devices 100, 200, and 300 may be provided with a water information storage unit to store the water information to be treated. Further, the design support apparatuses 100, 200, and 300 may be provided with a cleaning-time membrane pressure difference calculation condition storage unit that stores cleaning-time membrane pressure difference calculation conditions. By inputting the water information to be treated and the pressure difference calculation conditions between the membranes during cleaning from the water information storage unit and the pressure difference calculation conditions between the membranes during cleaning to the fouling generation amount calculation unit 1 and the pressure difference calculation unit between the membranes during cleaning 3, respectively, the input by the user is not necessary, and thus, the input error by the user can be suppressed, and the total area of the separation membrane can be efficiently calculated. When the water to be treated information is used in the inter-membrane pressure difference calculating section 2 and the total area calculating section 4, the water to be treated information may be input from the water to be treated information storage section.
In addition, when the cleaning condition is input to the membrane degradation model in the cleaning-time membrane pressure difference calculation unit 3 to calculate the reduction range of the membrane pressure difference and the rate of increase of the membrane pressure difference due to the cleaning of the separation membrane, a cleaning condition storage unit may be provided, and the cleaning condition may be input from the cleaning condition storage unit to the cleaning-time membrane pressure difference calculation unit 3.
The water information to be treated, the reduction range of the pressure difference between the membranes caused by the cleaning of the separation membranes, and the rate of increase of the pressure difference between the membranes may be input to the design support devices 100, 200, and 300 from an external server.
In the present disclosure, the output device 5 is shown as an example of displaying the calculated total area of the separation membrane, but the design support devices 100, 200, and 300 may be provided with a display unit, and the total area of the separation membrane may be displayed on the display unit.
In the present disclosure, the water treatment apparatus is provided in a sewage treatment plant, but may be provided in a factory or the like.
As the separation membrane, a microfiltration membrane (Microfiltration Membrane, MF membrane), an ultrafiltration membrane (Ultrafiltration membrane, UF membrane), a reverse osmosis membrane (Reverse Osmosis Membrane, RO membrane), a nanofiltration membrane (Nanofiltration Membrane, NF membrane), or the like can be used.
The configuration shown in the above embodiment is an example of the present disclosure, and may be combined with another known technique, and a configuration in which a part of the configuration is omitted or changed appropriately without departing from the scope of the concept of the present disclosure is included in the scope of the present disclosure.
Description of the reference numerals
A fouling generation amount calculating part 1, an inter-membrane pressure difference calculating part 2, a cleaning time inter-membrane pressure difference calculating part 3, a total area calculating part 4, a 5 output device, a 6 membrane determining part, a 7 condition determining part, an 8 memory, a 9 processor, a 10 input device and a 100, 200 and 300 design support device.
Claims (9)
1. A water treatment apparatus design support device, wherein,
the water treatment device design support device comprises:
a scale generation amount calculation unit that calculates a scale generation amount that adheres to a separation membrane provided in a water treatment apparatus, using water information of water to be treated that is treated by the water treatment apparatus that is a design target;
an inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit that calculates a time-series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference of the separation membrane when the water treatment apparatus is operated without cleaning the separation membrane, using the amount of dirt generated;
A cleaning-time membrane pressure difference calculation unit that calculates a time series change in the cleaning-time membrane pressure difference of the separation membrane when the water treatment apparatus is operated by using the time series change in the membrane pressure difference, a decrease range of the membrane pressure difference due to the cleaning of the separation membrane, and a rate of increase in the membrane pressure difference; and
and a total area calculating unit that calculates a total area of the separation membrane required for the treatment of the water to be treated, using a time-series change in the pressure difference between the membranes during the cleaning.
2. The water treatment apparatus design support device according to claim 1, wherein,
the pressure difference calculating part calculates the time sequence change of the pressure difference between the first separation film and the second separation film,
the inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit calculates a time series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference between the first separation membrane and the second separation membrane by using the time series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference between the first separation membrane and the second separation membrane, a reduction range of the inter-membrane pressure difference due to the cleaning of the separation membranes, and a rate of increase in the inter-membrane pressure difference,
The total area calculating unit calculates total areas of the first separation membrane and the second separation membrane required for the water treatment apparatus, respectively, using time-series changes in the pressure difference between the first separation membrane and the second separation membrane during cleaning.
3. The water treatment apparatus design support device according to claim 2, wherein,
the water treatment apparatus design support device further includes a membrane determination unit that compares total areas of the first separation membrane and the second separation membrane, and determines a separation membrane to be used in the water treatment apparatus from among the compared first separation membrane and second separation membrane.
4. The water treatment apparatus design support device according to claim 1, wherein,
the inter-membrane pressure difference calculation unit calculates a time series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference between the first cleaning condition and the second cleaning condition by using the time series change in the inter-membrane pressure difference between the first cleaning condition and the second cleaning condition, a reduction range of the inter-membrane pressure difference between the first cleaning condition and the second cleaning condition due to the cleaning of the separation membrane, and a rate of increase in the inter-membrane pressure difference,
the total area calculating unit calculates a total area of the separation membrane under the first cleaning condition and the second cleaning condition, respectively, using a time-series change in a pressure difference between the membranes during the cleaning under the first cleaning condition and the second cleaning condition.
5. The water treatment apparatus design support device according to claim 4, wherein,
the water treatment apparatus design support device further includes a condition determination unit that compares total areas of the separation membranes under the first cleaning condition and the second cleaning condition, and determines a cleaning condition to be used for the water treatment apparatus from among the compared first cleaning condition and second cleaning condition.
6. The water treatment apparatus design support device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein,
the water treatment apparatus design support device further includes a water information storage unit that stores the water information of the water to be treated.
7. The water treatment apparatus design support device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein,
the water information to be treated is at least one of the water quantity of the water to be treated, the water quality of the water to be treated, and the water quality of the water to be treated after the treatment.
8. The water treatment apparatus design support device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein,
the water treatment apparatus design support device further includes a cleaning-time membrane pressure difference calculation condition storage unit that stores a reduction range of the membrane pressure difference and a rate of increase of the membrane pressure difference caused by cleaning of the separation membrane.
9. A water treatment apparatus design support method, wherein,
the water treatment apparatus design support method includes:
calculating the amount of dirt generated on a separation membrane provided in a water treatment apparatus using water information of water to be treated by the water treatment apparatus to be designed;
calculating a time-series change in pressure difference between the separation membranes when the water treatment apparatus is operated without cleaning the separation membranes, using the amount of the generated dirt;
calculating a time series change in the pressure difference between the separation membranes during the cleaning of the separation membranes and the operation of the water treatment apparatus by using the time series change in the pressure difference between the separation membranes, the reduction range of the pressure difference between the separation membranes due to the cleaning of the separation membranes, and the rate of increase in the pressure difference between the separation membranes; and
and calculating the total area of the separation membrane required for the treatment of the water to be treated by using the time-series change of the pressure difference between the membranes during the cleaning.
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| CN114585591A (en) | 2022-06-03 |
| WO2021084611A1 (en) | 2021-05-06 |
| JPWO2021084611A1 (en) | 2021-05-06 |
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