CN114522533A - Calcium-based heat carrier circulating flue gas carbon dioxide capturing system and method - Google Patents
Calcium-based heat carrier circulating flue gas carbon dioxide capturing system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A calcium-based heat carrier circulating flue gas carbon dioxide capturing system and a method relate to a calcium-based heat carrier circulating flue gas carbon dioxide capturing system. In order to solve the problem that the prior art is lack of the device capable of recycling the high-concentration carbon dioxide for multiple times. The device is coupled and connected in series by using a mixed heater, a cyclone separation heater, a mixed calcination reactor, a temperature regulator, a cyclone separation carbonizer, a carbon dioxide cooler, a calcium-based compound distributor and a limestone supplement system to form a novel, complete and reliable carbon dioxide trapping system, and finally the purpose of efficiently, cheaply and highly trapping carbon dioxide in the flue gas under the conditions that an external heating source is not needed for calcination reaction, boiler output is not influenced, and the calcium-based compound is recycled for many times is achieved. It is used for capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a carbon dioxide capture system and a method, in particular to a calcium-based heat carrier circulation flue gas carbon dioxide capture system.
Background
Carbon dioxide generated in the production process of a thermal power plant, cement, paper making, an industrial boiler and a furnace kiln accounts for a large proportion in the total emission amount of the carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide is a main greenhouse gas causing greenhouse effect, and the low-cost, high-efficiency and high-concentration capture of the carbon dioxide generated in the production process of the industry has a profound influence on the realization of double-carbon targets in China, so that an effective means is needed for capturing the carbon dioxide.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the existing system is lack of a device capable of recycling high-concentration carbon dioxide for multiple times, and provides a system and a method for capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas by using a calcium-based heat carrier circulation.
The system comprises a flue gas and calcium-based compound heat carrier two-phase mixing heater H1, a cyclone separation heater H2, a mixing calcination reactor H3, a temperature regulator, a cyclone separation carbonizer H6, a carbon dioxide cooler H7, a first calcium-based compound distributor S1, a limestone supplement system G1 and a dioxide storage tank G2,
a limestone replenishment system G1 connected to the hybrid calciner reactor H3 for storing the calcium-based compound and supplying the calcium-based compound to the hybrid calciner reactor H3;
a first calcium-based compound distributor S1, which is connected with the mixed calcination reactor H3, the two-phase mixed heater H1 of the flue gas and the calcium-based compound heat carrier and the temperature regulator, and is used for simultaneously distributing the calcium-based compound output by the mixed calcination reactor H3 to the two-phase mixed heater H1 of the flue gas and the calcium-based compound heat carrier and the temperature regulator and controlling the content of the calcium-based compound distributed to each of the two-phase mixed heater H1 of the flue gas and the calcium-based compound heat carrier and the temperature regulator;
the device comprises a flue gas and calcium-based compound heat carrier two-phase mixing heater H1, a cyclone separation heater H2 and a high-temperature flue gas generating device B1, and a cyclone separation heater H2, wherein the cyclone separation heater H2 and the high-temperature flue gas generating device B1 are connected and are used for receiving high-temperature flue gas containing carbon dioxide emitted from the high-temperature flue gas generating device B1, mixing the high-temperature flue gas containing carbon dioxide with an entering calcium-based compound to obtain a high-temperature mixture, and entering the cyclone separation heater H2;
the cyclone separation heater H2 is connected with the mixed calcination reactor H3 and the temperature regulator and is used for heating and separating the entering high-temperature mixture to obtain flue gas and a calcium-based compound heat carrier, the flue gas enters the temperature regulator, and the calcium-based compound heat carrier enters the mixed calcination reactor H3;
the temperature regulator is connected with the cyclone carbonizer H6 and used for cooling the received flue gas, the calcium-based compound output by the first calcium-based compound distributor S1 is used for adsorbing carbon dioxide in the cooled flue gas, and the product is output to the cyclone carbonizer H6;
the cyclone separation carbonizer H6 is connected with the high-temperature flue gas generation device B1 and the mixed calcination reactor H3 and is used for separating the resultant into flue gas, calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate, outputting the separated flue gas to the high-temperature flue gas generation device B1 and outputting the separated calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate to the mixed calcination reactor H3;
a mixed calcination reactor H3 connected to the carbon dioxide cooler H7 for heating and calcining calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate with the incoming calcium-based compound heat carrier, and the generated carbon dioxide enters the carbon dioxide cooler H7;
and the carbon dioxide cooler H7 is connected with the dioxide storage tank G2 and is used for cooling the entering carbon dioxide, and the cooled carbon dioxide enters the dioxide storage tank G2 and is stored.
Preferably, the system further comprises a calcium-based compound dispenser number two S2,
a second calcium-based compound distributor S2 connected between the first calcium-based compound distributor S1 and the two-phase mixed heater of flue gas and calcium-based compound heat carrier H1, and a second calcium-based compound distributor S2 for redistributing the calcium-based compound distributed by the first calcium-based compound distributor S1 to the two-phase mixed heater of flue gas and calcium-based compound heat carrier H1 and the temperature regulator;
and the temperature regulator is used for reducing the temperature of the received flue gas, the calcium-based compound output by the first calcium-based compound distributor S1 and the calcium-based compound output by the second calcium-based compound distributor S2 are used for adsorbing carbon dioxide in the cooled flue gas, and the product is output to the cyclone carbonizer H6.
Preferably, the system also comprises a carbon dioxide circulating fan F3,
and the carbon dioxide circulating fan F3 is used for receiving carbon dioxide from the outlet of the induced draft fan F2 and blowing the carbon dioxide to the mixed calcination reactor H3 so that the calcium-based compound heat carrier, the calcium carbonate and the calcium sulfate in the mixed calcination reactor H3 are heated and calcined more completely.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the system takes calcium-based compounds (such as Cao and the like) as heat carrier circulating working media and carbon dioxide adsorbents, takes high-temperature flue gas (such as high-temperature flue gas of a power station boiler, a flue gas generator and the like, the flue gas temperature is generally higher than 850 ℃) as a carbon dioxide adsorption object and a heat source, adopts a mature technology to couple and connect related equipment in series to form a novel, complete and reliable carbon dioxide trapping system, and finally achieves the purposes of efficient, low-cost and high-concentration trapping of carbon dioxide in the flue gas and cyclic utilization of the heat carriers under the condition that an external heating source is not needed for calcination reaction, boiler output is not influenced, and the calcium-based compounds are recycled for multiple times. Effectively reduces the cost for capturing the high-temperature flue gas carbon dioxide generated in the industrial production process.
The method gives full play to the characteristics of the calcium-based compound, namely the calcium-based compound is taken as a carbon dioxide adsorbent and a heat carrier, so that the system arrangement is simplified, the material types of the system are reduced, and the investment cost and the operation cost are reduced;
the system can be fully coupled with systems such as power plants, cement, paper making, industrial boilers, furnaces and the like, and the output of the system is not influenced;
the carbon dioxide concentration obtained by the capture is high, and the utilization of downstream links is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a system for capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas by circulating a calcium-based heat carrier according to a first embodiment;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a system for capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas by circulating a calcium-based heat carrier according to a second embodiment.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is described by combining with figure 1, the calcium-based heat carrier circulation flue gas carbon dioxide capture system comprises a two-phase mixing heater H1 for flue gas and calcium-based compound heat carrier, a cyclone separation heater H2, a mixing calcination reactor H3, a temperature regulator, a cyclone separation carbonizer H6, a carbon dioxide cooler H7, a first calcium-based compound distributor S1, a limestone supplement system G1 and a dioxide storage tank G2,
a limestone replenishment system G1 connected to the hybrid calciner reactor H3 for storing the calcium-based compound and supplying the calcium-based compound to the hybrid calciner reactor H3;
a first calcium-based compound distributor S1, which is connected with the mixed calcination reactor H3, the two-phase mixed heater H1 of the flue gas and the calcium-based compound heat carrier and the temperature regulator, and is used for simultaneously distributing the calcium-based compound output by the mixed calcination reactor H3 to the two-phase mixed heater H1 of the flue gas and the calcium-based compound heat carrier and the temperature regulator and controlling the content of the calcium-based compound distributed to each of the two-phase mixed heater H1 of the flue gas and the calcium-based compound heat carrier and the temperature regulator;
the device comprises a flue gas and calcium-based compound heat carrier two-phase mixing heater H1, a cyclone separation heater H2 and a high-temperature flue gas generating device B1, and a cyclone separation heater H2, wherein the cyclone separation heater H2 and the high-temperature flue gas generating device B1 are connected and are used for receiving high-temperature flue gas containing carbon dioxide emitted from the high-temperature flue gas generating device B1, mixing the high-temperature flue gas containing carbon dioxide with an entering calcium-based compound to obtain a high-temperature mixture, and entering the cyclone separation heater H2;
the cyclone separation heater H2 is connected with the mixed calcination reactor H3 and the temperature regulator and is used for heating and separating the entering high-temperature mixture to obtain flue gas and a calcium-based compound heat carrier, the flue gas enters the temperature regulator, and the calcium-based compound heat carrier enters the mixed calcination reactor H3;
the temperature regulator is connected with the cyclone carbonizer H6 and used for cooling the received flue gas, the calcium-based compound output by the first calcium-based compound distributor S1 is used for adsorbing carbon dioxide in the cooled flue gas, and the product is output to the cyclone carbonizer H6;
the cyclone separation carbonizer H6 is connected with the high-temperature flue gas generation device B1 and the mixed calcination reactor H3 and is used for separating the resultant into flue gas, calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate, outputting the separated flue gas to the high-temperature flue gas generation device B1 and outputting the separated calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate to the mixed calcination reactor H3;
a mixed calcination reactor H3 connected to the carbon dioxide cooler H7 for heating and calcining calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate with the incoming calcium-based compound heat carrier, and the generated carbon dioxide enters the carbon dioxide cooler H7;
and the carbon dioxide cooler H7 is connected with the dioxide storage tank G2 and is used for cooling the entering carbon dioxide, and the cooled carbon dioxide enters the dioxide storage tank G2 and is stored.
In this embodiment, the high-temperature flue gas generation device B1 is a generation device capable of generating high-temperature flue gas containing carbon dioxide in the actual production process of, for example, coal-fired, gas-fired or oil-fired utility boilers, industrial boilers, flue gas generators, various kilns, and the like, and functions to generate high-temperature flue gas containing carbon dioxide, and the high-temperature flue gas entering the equipment H1 through the process 1 is used as a heat source for providing energy for the calcium-based compound heat carrier and a conveying medium of the process 2;
the two-phase mixed heater H1 for the flue gas and the calcium-based compound heat carrier is used for fully mixing the high-temperature flue gas in the process 1 with the low-temperature heat carrier in the processes 5 and 7 and heating the calcium-based compound heat carrier by using the heat of the flue gas;
the cyclone separation heater H2 is used for heating and calcining calcium carbonate entering the reactor through the process 9 by utilizing a high-temperature calcium-based compound heat carrier entering the reactor through the process 3, a calcium-based compound generated after the calcium carbonate is calcined enters the next heating cycle through the process 4, a fluidizing medium required by H3 mixing and calcining is high-purity carbon dioxide generated after the calcium carbonate is calcined, the calcium carbonate is sent into H3 through the processes 17-18, the resistance generated by 17-18 is overcome by F3 (a carbon dioxide circulating fan), and the advantage of adopting the calcined high-purity carbon dioxide as the fluidizing medium in H3 is that extra working media such as air and the like are prevented from being brought into a system, and the captured high-purity carbon dioxide is recycled, so that the economy of the system can be effectively improved; in addition, considering that the calcium-based compound has certain loss in the recycling process, the system is provided with a limestone supplementing system, and when the system needs to supplement limestone, the limestone is supplemented into H3 through a process 20 by G1;
the flue heat exchanger H4 is used for exchanging heat of the mixture of the high-temperature flue gas and the calcium-based compound in the processes 6 and 19, so that the temperature of the flue gas reaches an optimal temperature range (generally 600-800 ℃) suitable for the calcium-based compound to adsorb carbon dioxide in the flue gas, and the flue heat exchanger H4 has a certain temperature regulation function. The flue heat exchanger H4 can be internally provided with working media for heating the working media, so that the internal temperature of the flue heat exchanger H4 is reduced, and the purpose of cooling flue gas is achieved. Working media in the heated heat exchanger can be arranged with heating surfaces at all levels in B1 in a coordinated manner, so that the economic efficiency of the whole plant is improved;
the flue carbon dioxide adsorber H5 functions as: sufficient reaction space is provided for the calcium-based compound to fully adsorb the carbon dioxide in the flue gas, the flue gas temperature regulated by H4 reaches a temperature range which is very suitable for the calcium-based compound to adsorb the carbon dioxide in the flue gas, in addition, equipment for supplementing the calcium-based compound through a flow path 12 is arranged in H5 in order to improve the adsorption rate of the carbon dioxide, so that the whole system has higher regulation characteristics, and fluidizing wind required by fluidizing in H5 is provided by an F1 (fluidizing fan) and is fed into H5 through the flow path 11;
the cyclone carbonizer H6 functions as: providing a reaction space for further carbonization of the flue gas entering the H6 through the process 8 and calcium-based chemical combination, separating the flue gas from materials such as calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate, returning the separated flue gas to a tail flue in the B1 through the process 10, and allowing the materials such as calcium carbonate to enter the H9 through the process 9 for calcination reaction;
the carbon dioxide cooler H7 is used for cooling high-purity carbon dioxide generated by the calcination reaction in the H3 in the H7 through the flow 13, the cooled carbon dioxide enters the C1 (dust remover) through the flow 14, resistance generated by the flows 13-14-15-16 is overcome by an F2 (induced draft fan), and finally the captured high-purity carbon dioxide is pumped into a G2 (oxidation storage tank) to be stored for later use;
calcium-based compound dispenser No. one, S1, functions to adjust the dispensing of calcium-based compounds according to the end reaction requirements of schemes 5 and 12 for calcium-based compounds entering S1 via scheme 4;
calcium-based compound dispenser No. two, S2, functions to adjust the dispensing of calcium-based compounds according to the end requirements of scheme 7 (heat carrier) and 19 (adsorption reaction) for the calcium-based compounds entering S2 via scheme 5.
The second embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 2, and is further limited to the calcium-based heat carrier cycle flue gas carbon dioxide capture system described in the first embodiment, and in the present embodiment, the system further includes a calcium-based compound distributor S2,
a second calcium-based compound distributor S2 connected between the first calcium-based compound distributor S1 and the two-phase mixed heater of flue gas and calcium-based compound heat carrier H1, and a second calcium-based compound distributor S2 for redistributing the calcium-based compound distributed by the first calcium-based compound distributor S1 to the two-phase mixed heater of flue gas and calcium-based compound heat carrier H1 and the temperature regulator;
and the temperature regulator is used for reducing the temperature of the received flue gas, the calcium-based compound output by the first calcium-based compound distributor S1 and the calcium-based compound output by the second calcium-based compound distributor S2 are used for adsorbing carbon dioxide in the cooled flue gas, and the product is output to the cyclone carbonizer H6.
In this embodiment, the present application may also dispense a calcium-based compound into the temperature regulator and H1 through S2.
The third concrete implementation mode: in this embodiment, the system for capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas by circulating a calcium-based heat carrier is further defined as in the first or second embodiment, in this embodiment, the temperature regulator comprises a flue heat exchanger H4, a flue carbon dioxide adsorber H5 and a fluidizing air blower F1,
the flue heat exchanger H4 is connected with the flue carbon dioxide adsorber H5 and is used for cooling the received flue gas and outputting the cooled flue gas and the calcium-based compound to the flue carbon dioxide adsorber H5;
the fluidizing fan F1 is connected with the flue carbon dioxide adsorber H5 and is used for providing wind power to the interior of the flue carbon dioxide adsorber H5;
and the flue carbon dioxide adsorber H5 is connected with the cyclone carbonizer H6 and the first calcium-based compound distributor S1 and is used for receiving the calcium-based compound output by the first calcium-based compound distributor S1, the cooled flue gas and the calcium-based compound, fluidizing the calcium-based compound by wind power without sinking, enabling the calcium-based compound to be fully contacted with the cooled flue gas, adsorbing carbon dioxide in the cooled flue gas by using the calcium-based compound, and outputting a product to the cyclone carbonizer H6.
In this embodiment, F1 is a fan to adsorb air from the atmosphere, then fluidizing air is applied to H5, then the calcium-based compound fed to H5 via S1 to flow path 12 is fluidized so that the calcium-based compound is in sufficient contact with the flue gas, and if no F1 is applied to the fluidized air, the calcium-based compound will sink to the bottom, which is not conducive to sufficient contact with the flue gas.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: in this embodiment, the system for capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas with a calcium-based heat carrier cycle according to the first or second embodiment is further defined, and in this embodiment, the temperature of the received flue gas is reduced to 600 to 800 ℃.
In the present embodiment, the optimum reaction temperature range of H5 is 600 ℃ to 800 ℃.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: in this embodiment, the system for capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas with calcium-based heat carrier cycle according to the first embodiment is further limited, and in this embodiment, the system further comprises a dust remover C1 and an induced draft fan F2,
and the dust remover C1 is connected with the carbon dioxide cooler H7 and is used for removing impurities in the carbon dioxide and blowing the carbon dioxide after the impurities are removed to the oxidation storage tank G2 by the induced draft fan F2 for storage.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the embodiment is further limited to the system for capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas by recycling a calcium-based heat carrier, which comprises a carbon dioxide circulating fan F3,
and the carbon dioxide circulating fan F3 is used for receiving carbon dioxide from the outlet of the induced draft fan F2 and blowing the carbon dioxide to the mixed calcination reactor H3 so that the calcium-based compound heat carrier, the calcium carbonate and the calcium sulfate in the mixed calcination reactor H3 are heated and calcined more completely.
The seventh embodiment: the method for capturing carbon dioxide in a circulating flue gas with a calcium-based heat carrier according to the present embodiment is implemented based on the system for capturing carbon dioxide in a circulating flue gas with a calcium-based heat carrier according to the first embodiment, and in the present embodiment, the method includes the following steps:
step 1, a limestone replenishing system G1 supplies a calcium-based compound to a mixed calcination reactor H3, and a first calcium-based compound distributor S1 distributes the calcium-based compound to a two-phase mixed heater H1 of flue gas and a calcium-based compound heat carrier and a temperature regulator according to the demand of the two-phase mixed heater H1 of the flue gas and the calcium-based compound heat carrier and the demand of the temperature regulator;
step 5, separating the product obtained in the step 4 into flue gas, calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate, outputting the separated flue gas to a high-temperature flue gas generation device B1, and outputting the separated calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate to a mixed calcination reactor H3;
and 7, cooling the carbon dioxide obtained in the step 7, and storing the cooled carbon dioxide in a dioxide storage tank G2.
The specific implementation mode is eight: this embodiment is further defined by the system for capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas with calcium-based heat carrier cycle according to the seventh embodiment, wherein in this embodiment, the method further comprises a step 8,
and 8, leading out a part of the cooled carbon dioxide by using a carbon dioxide circulating fan F3, and heating and calcining the part in the step 6 to ensure that the heating and calcining are more complete.
The specific implementation method nine: in this embodiment, the system for capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas with calcium-based heat carrier cycle according to the seventh embodiment is further defined, and in this embodiment, in step 4, the temperature regulator reduces the temperature of the flue gas obtained in step 3 to 600 to 800 ℃.
Although the invention herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that features described in different dependent claims and herein may be combined in ways different from those described in the original claims. It is also to be understood that features described in connection with individual embodiments may be used in other described embodiments.
Claims (9)
1. The calcium-based heat carrier circulation flue gas carbon dioxide capture system is characterized by comprising a two-phase mixing heater (H1) for flue gas and a calcium-based compound heat carrier, a cyclone separation heater (H2), a mixing calcination reactor (H3), a temperature regulator, a cyclone separation carbonizer (H6), a carbon dioxide cooler (H7), a first calcium-based compound distributor (S1), a limestone supplement system (G1) and a dioxide storage tank (G2),
a limestone replenishment system (G1) connected to the hybrid calciner reactor (H3) for storing the calcium-based compound and supplying the calcium-based compound to the hybrid calciner reactor (H3);
a first calcium-based compound distributor (S1) connected with the mixed calcination reactor (H3), the two-phase mixed heater (H1) of the flue gas and the calcium-based compound heat carrier and the temperature regulator, and used for distributing the calcium-based compound output by the mixed calcination reactor (H3) to the two-phase mixed heater (H1) of the flue gas and the calcium-based compound heat carrier and the temperature regulator at the same time and controlling the content of the calcium-based compound distributed to each of the two-phase mixed heater (H1) of the flue gas and the calcium-based compound heat carrier and the temperature regulator;
the device comprises a flue gas and calcium-based compound heat carrier two-phase mixing heater (H1), a cyclone separation heater (H2) and a high-temperature flue gas generating device (B1), and is used for receiving high-temperature flue gas containing carbon dioxide emitted from the high-temperature flue gas generating device (B1), mixing the high-temperature flue gas containing carbon dioxide with an entering calcium-based compound to obtain a high-temperature mixture, and entering the high-temperature mixture into the cyclone separation heater (H2);
the cyclone separation heater (H2) is connected with the mixed calcination reactor (H3) and the temperature regulator and is used for heating and separating the entering high-temperature mixture to obtain flue gas and a calcium-based compound heat carrier, the flue gas enters the temperature regulator, and the calcium-based compound heat carrier enters the mixed calcination reactor (H3);
the temperature regulator is connected with the cyclone carbonizer (H6) and used for reducing the temperature of the received flue gas, the calcium-based compound output by the first calcium-based compound distributor (S1) is used for adsorbing carbon dioxide in the cooled flue gas, and the product is output to the cyclone carbonizer (H6);
the cyclone separation carbonizer (H6) is connected with the high-temperature flue gas generating device (B1) and the mixed calcining reactor (H3) and is used for separating the products into flue gas, calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate, outputting the separated flue gas to the high-temperature flue gas generating device (B1) and outputting the separated calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate to the mixed calcining reactor (H3);
a mixed calcination reactor (H3) connected to the carbon dioxide cooler (H7) for heating the calcined calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate with the incoming calcium-based compound heat carrier, and the generated carbon dioxide is fed to the carbon dioxide cooler (H7);
and the carbon dioxide cooler (H7) is connected with the carbon dioxide storage tank (G2) and is used for cooling the entering carbon dioxide, and the cooled carbon dioxide enters the carbon dioxide storage tank (G2) for storage.
2. The calcium-based heat carrier cycle flue gas carbon dioxide capture system of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises a calcium-based compound distributor No. two (S2),
a second calcium-based compound distributor (S2) connected between the first calcium-based compound distributor (S1) and the two-phase mixing heater (H1) for flue gas and calcium-based compound heat carrier, and a second calcium-based compound distributor (S2) for redistributing the calcium-based compound distributed by the first calcium-based compound distributor (S1) to the two-phase mixing heater (H1) for flue gas and calcium-based compound heat carrier and the temperature regulator;
and the temperature regulator is used for reducing the temperature of the received flue gas, the calcium-based compound output by the first calcium-based compound distributor (S1) and the calcium-based compound output by the second calcium-based compound distributor (S2) are used for adsorbing carbon dioxide in the cooled flue gas, and the product is output to the cyclone carbonizer (H6).
3. The calcium-based heat carrier circulation flue gas carbon dioxide capture system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the temperature regulator comprises a flue heat exchanger (H4), a flue carbon dioxide adsorber (H5) and a fluidization fan (F1),
the flue heat exchanger (H4) is connected with the flue carbon dioxide absorber (H5) and used for cooling the received flue gas and outputting the cooled flue gas and the calcium-based compound to the flue carbon dioxide absorber (H5);
the fluidization fan (F1) is connected with the flue carbon dioxide adsorber (H5) and is used for providing wind power to the interior of the flue carbon dioxide adsorber (H5);
and the flue carbon dioxide adsorber (H5) is connected with the cyclone carbonizer (H6) and the first calcium-based compound distributor (S1) and is used for receiving the calcium-based compound output by the first calcium-based compound distributor (S1), the cooled flue gas and the calcium-based compound, fluidizing the calcium-based compound by wind power without sinking, enabling the calcium-based compound to be fully contacted with the cooled flue gas, adsorbing carbon dioxide in the cooled flue gas by using the calcium-based compound, and outputting a product to the cyclone carbonizer (H6).
4. The system for capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas with calcium-based heat carrier circulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the received flue gas is reduced to 600-800 ℃.
5. The system for capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas with circulation of calcium-based heat carrier as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system further comprises a dust collector (C1) and an induced draft fan (F2),
and the dust remover (C1) is connected with the carbon dioxide cooler (H7) and is used for removing impurities in the carbon dioxide and blowing the carbon dioxide after the impurities are removed to the oxidation storage tank (G2) by the induced draft fan (F2) for storage.
6. The calcium-based heat carrier cycle flue gas carbon dioxide capture system of claim 5, further comprising a carbon dioxide recycle fan (F3),
and the carbon dioxide circulating fan (F3) is used for receiving carbon dioxide from the outlet of the induced draft fan (F2) and blowing the carbon dioxide to the mixed calcination reactor (H3) so as to ensure that the calcium-based compound heat carrier, the calcium carbonate and the calcium sulfate in the mixed calcination reactor (H3) are heated and calcined more completely.
7. The method for capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas by recycling calcium-based heat carrier is realized based on the system for capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas by recycling calcium-based heat carrier of claim 1, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, a limestone replenishing system (G1) supplies a calcium-based compound to a mixed calcination reactor (H3), and a first calcium-based compound distributor (S1) distributes the calcium-based compound to a two-phase mixed heater (H1) of flue gas and a calcium-based compound heat carrier and a temperature regulator according to the demand of the two-phase mixed heater (H1) of the flue gas and the calcium-based compound heat carrier and the demand of the temperature regulator;
step 2, when the two-phase mixed heater (H1) of the flue gas and the calcium-based compound heat carrier receives the high-temperature flue gas containing carbon dioxide, the high-temperature flue gas containing carbon dioxide is mixed with the calcium-based compound, and the obtained high-temperature mixture enters a cyclone separation heater (H2);
step 3, heating and separating the high-temperature mixture to obtain flue gas and a calcium-based compound heat carrier, and feeding the flue gas and the calcium-based compound heat carrier into a temperature regulator;
step 4, cooling the flue gas obtained in the step 3 by a temperature regulator, and adsorbing carbon dioxide in the cooled flue gas by using a calcium-based compound to obtain a product;
step 5, separating the product obtained in the step 4 into flue gas, calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate, outputting the separated flue gas to a high-temperature flue gas generating device (B1), and outputting the separated calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate to a mixed calcination reactor (H3);
step 6, heating and calcining the calcium carbonate and the calcium sulfate obtained in the step 5 by using the calcium-based compound heat carrier obtained in the step 3 to generate carbon dioxide;
and 7, cooling the carbon dioxide obtained in the step 7, and storing the cooled carbon dioxide in a dioxide storage tank (G2).
8. The calcium-based heat carrier cycle flue gas carbon dioxide capture method of claim 7, characterized in that the method further comprises step 8,
and 8, leading out a part of the cooled carbon dioxide by using a carbon dioxide circulating fan (F3) and then carrying out heating calcination in the step 6, so that the heating calcination is more complete.
9. The method for capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas by using the calcium-based heat carrier circulation as claimed in claim 7, wherein in the step 4, the temperature regulator cools the flue gas obtained in the step 3 to 600-800 ℃.
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