CN114512884B - Method for outputting high-order mode in graded-index optical fiber - Google Patents
Method for outputting high-order mode in graded-index optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN114512884B CN114512884B CN202210129461.3A CN202210129461A CN114512884B CN 114512884 B CN114512884 B CN 114512884B CN 202210129461 A CN202210129461 A CN 202210129461A CN 114512884 B CN114512884 B CN 114512884B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/094042—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a fibre laser
- H01S3/094046—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a fibre laser of a Raman fibre laser
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/0675—Resonators including a grating structure, e.g. distributed Bragg reflectors [DBR] or distributed feedback [DFB] fibre lasers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/106—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity
- H01S3/108—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity using non-linear optical devices, e.g. exhibiting Brillouin or Raman scattering
Abstract
The application provides a method for outputting high-order modes in a graded-index optical fiber, which is characterized in that multimode laser to be converted is used as pump light to be injected into the fiber core of the multimode graded-index optical fiber, single-mode laser with the basic mode content of more than 90% is used as signal light to be injected into the fiber core of the multimode graded-index optical fiber, under the effect of the Raman beam purification effect of the multimode graded-index optical fiber, pump-Stokes conversion is carried out to generate the signal light, the energy in the central area of the multimode laser is preferentially absorbed and consumed, the center of the transverse distribution of the residual non-absorbed pump light is recessed, the signal light is filtered by a filter, and the residual non-absorbed pump light is finally output by the fiber laser with the high-order mode. The application can ensure that the optical fiber laser output of the high-order mode is generated in the all-fiber structure, and the purity of the generated high-order mode optical fiber laser is higher and the acquisition is easier.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of fiber lasers, and particularly relates to a method for outputting a high-order mode in a graded-index fiber.
Background
The mode is one of the core parameters of the laser characteristics, representing the energy distribution of the laser in space, different energy distributions comprising modes of different orders. It is generally believed that there is a correspondence between mode and beam quality: that is, the quality of a single fundamental mode (referred to as a single mode) laser beam is good, and the quality of a laser beam comprising a plurality of order modes (referred to as a plurality of modes) is poor; the more low order modes (the fewer high order modes), the better the beam quality. Mode control in the conventional sense generally refers to suppressing the higher order modes to ensure the fundamental mode output to achieve beam quality near the diffraction limit. Although the fundamental mode of laser light is widely required for many practical applications. However, recent research results show that the higher-order mode has application potential in special fields, such as generation of space compression entangled light, motion measurement of biological cells or tissues, measurement of positions and momentums of atoms in microcavities, optical imaging, laser coherent synthesis, output power improvement, optical small displacement measurement and the like.
At present, methods for generating a laser high-order mode mainly comprise phase plate transformation, spatial light modulation, phase mismatch excitation and the like. The phase plate transformation refers to that a base mode Gaussian beam passes through a specially designed phase plate, so that the phase distribution of the beam approaches to that of a required high-order mode, but linear polarization incidence is required when the phase plate transformation is used, and the polarization direction is parallel or perpendicular to the fast axis direction of liquid crystal molecules, so that a purer high-order mode can be obtained. The spatial light modulator can make up the defects of the phase plate, and can carry out two-dimensional or three-dimensional spatial modulation on the transverse light intensity and the phase of an incident light beam, thereby changing the transverse amplitude and the phase distribution of the light beam and achieving the purpose of modulating the light beam, but the spatial light modulator has larger volume, occupies a large space, is high in price and has a plurality of inconveniences in the use process. The phase mismatch excitation mode is a relatively direct method for generating the hermitian Gaussian mode, and is realized by utilizing the principle that the phase mismatch of the fundamental mode Gaussian beam excites the higher-order hermitian Mi Gaosi mode, but the output beam of the cleaner needs to be translated or inclined in the use process, and the operation process needs to be repeatedly debugged by locking different cavity lengths, so that the operation is relatively complicated. The method for generating the high-order mode is based on spatial light path modulation, and is greatly interfered by external factors in the operation process.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the application provides a method for outputting a high-order mode in a graded-index optical fiber, which is used for generating a high-purity high-order mode and finally obtaining the high-order mode optical fiber laser output.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme provided by the application is as follows:
the application provides a method for outputting high-order modes in graded-index optical fibers, which comprises the steps of injecting multimode laser to be converted into a fiber core of the multimode graded-index optical fiber as pump light in a multimode optical fiber Raman laser system, and injecting single-mode laser with more than 90% of fundamental mode content into the fiber core of the multimode graded-index optical fiber as signal light, wherein the wavelength of the signal light is a first-order Stokes wavelength corresponding to the pump light; under the effect of the raman beam purification effect of the multimode graded index fiber, pump-stokes conversion is carried out to generate signal light, the energy in the central area of multimode laser is preferentially absorbed and consumed, the center of the transverse distribution of the residual unabsorbed pump light is recessed, the signal light is filtered by a filter, and the residual unabsorbed pump light is finally output by the fiber laser in a high-order mode.
Further, the multimode laser is generated by a multimode laser light source, which is a fiber laser, a semiconductor laser, or a solid state laser.
Further, the single-mode laser is generated by a single-mode laser light source, and the wavelength of the single-mode laser light source is positioned in a Raman gain spectrum corresponding to the center wavelength of the multimode laser light source.
Further, the multimode graded-index fiber is a graded-index fiber without rare earth doping or a rare earth doped graded-index fiber.
Further, the multimode graded-index fiber is a single-clad fiber or a double-clad fiber or a multi-clad fiber.
Further, the output tail fibers of the multimode laser light source are respectively connected with the pump input tail fibers of the pump signal beam combiner, and the output tail fibers of the single-mode laser light source are connected with the central signal tail fibers of the pump signal beam combiner; the output tail fiber of the pumping signal beam combiner is connected with the input end of the multimode graded index optical fiber, the output end of the multimode graded index optical fiber is connected with the input end of the filter, the filter is used for filtering out signal light, and finally, the optical fiber laser in the required high-order mode is output.
Further, an isolator is arranged between the output tail fiber of the multimode laser light source and the pump input tail fiber of the pump signal beam combiner, and an isolator is arranged between the output tail fiber of the single-mode laser light source and the central signal tail fiber of the pump signal beam combiner.
Further, the output tail fiber of the multimode laser light source, the output tail fiber of the single-mode laser light source and each tail fiber of the pump signal beam combiner all adopt multimode graded index fibers.
Further, the multimode fiber Raman laser system is of an amplifier structure.
Further, the multimode fiber Raman laser system is of an oscillator structure.
The application can generate high-purity high-order mode fiber laser output. Compared with the prior art, the application has the advantages that:
the application can ensure that the optical fiber laser output of the high-order mode is generated in the all-fiber structure, avoid unnecessary space optical path adjustment and make the operation simpler and more convenient.
The application simplifies the system structure, greatly saves the cost of high-order mode fiber laser output and ensures the system safety.
Meanwhile, the high-order mode fiber laser generated by the method has higher purity and is easier to obtain.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained from the structures shown in these drawings without inventive labor for those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the raman beam purifying effect of a multimode laser pump according to embodiment 1 of the present application, wherein a) is a schematic diagram of the central region energy of multimode laser being preferentially absorbed and consumed, the center of the lateral distribution of the remaining unabsorbed pump light forming a recess, and is a schematic diagram of the output of the finally obtained fiber laser in higher order mode; b) The enhanced signal light generated by pump-Stokes conversion occurs under the effect of the raman beam-purifying effect of the multimode graded-index fiber.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 3 of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 4 of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the refractive index of the graded-index fiber core as a function of radial distance in example 5 of the present application;
reference numerals in the drawings:
1. a single mode laser light source; 2. a multimode laser light source; 3. a pump signal combiner; 4. multimode graded-index optical fiber; 5. a filter; 6. an output end cap; 7. an isolator; 8. a high reflection fiber grating; 9. low reflection fiber grating.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making apparent the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application, the spirit of the present disclosure will be clearly described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, and any person skilled in the art, after having appreciated the embodiments of the present application, may make alterations and modifications by the techniques taught by the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. The exemplary embodiments of the present application and the descriptions thereof are intended to illustrate the present application, but not to limit the present application.
In one embodiment, a method for outputting a higher-order mode in a graded-index fiber is provided, in a multimode fiber raman laser system, a multimode laser to be converted is injected as a pump light into a core of the multimode graded-index fiber, a single-mode laser is injected as a signal light into the core of the multimode graded-index fiber, the signal light wavelength is a first-order stokes light wavelength corresponding to the pump light and a fundamental mode (LP 01 A die) content of not less than 90%; under the effect of the raman beam purification effect of the multimode graded index fiber, pump-stokes conversion is carried out to generate signal light, the energy in the central area of multimode laser is preferentially absorbed and consumed, the center of the transverse distribution of the residual unabsorbed pump light is recessed, the signal light is filtered by a filter, and the residual unabsorbed pump light is finally output by the fiber laser in a high-order mode.
Referring to fig. 1, in a multimode raman fiber laser system, multimode laser light is injected as pump light into the core of a multimode graded index fiber, and single-mode laser light having a fundamental mode content of 90% or more is injected as signal light into the core of the multimode graded index fiber, where the signal light wavelength is a first-order stokes light wavelength corresponding to the pump light. In fig. 1 (a), energy in a central area of the multimode laser is preferentially absorbed and consumed, a pit is formed in the center of the transverse distribution of the remaining unabsorbed pump light, and in fig. 1 (b), the enhanced signal light generated by pump-stokes conversion occurs under the effect of the raman beam purification effect of the multimode graded index optical fiber, the signal light is filtered by using a filter, and the remaining unabsorbed pump light (a) is finally output by the optical fiber laser in the high-order mode.
Graded index fibers (including multimode graded index fibers and few-mode graded index fibers) are also known as square law fibers, and the core refractive index of a graded index fiber is parabolic, i.e., the core refractive index is square law with radial distance, and gradually decreases as the radial distance increases. As shown in fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the refractive index of the graded-index optical fiber core and the radial distance r, the abscissa is the radial distance of the core, and the ordinate is the refractive index of the core, that is, the refractive index of the core and the radial distance are square law, and as the radial distance increases, the refractive index gradually decreases to be equal to the refractive index of the cladding.
The multimode graded-index optical fiber has more modes supported by the fiber core, so that the multimode graded-index optical fiber is used for obtaining high-order mode laser output, has self-focusing characteristic because of parabolic distribution of refractive index, is similar to a fiber convex lens, and has brightness maintaining capability because the modulus transmission in the fiber core is not influenced by the bending of the fiber. In addition, the Raman gain coefficient of the area where the fundamental mode is located in the fiber core is higher than that of the high-order mode, and the fiber core has stronger Raman gain extraction capability. Therefore, the raman gain can be generated and amplified by using the stimulated raman scattering effect in the graded index fiber, and the low-brightness pump light can be converted into a high-brightness raman laser output.
The method for outputting the high-order mode in the graded-index optical fiber is applicable to an amplifier structure and an oscillator structure, and is applicable to a Raman optical fiber laser system and a doped optical fiber laser system.
Referring to fig. 2, the multimode fiber raman laser system is an amplifier structure, and comprises a single-mode laser light source 1, a multimode laser light source 2, a pump signal beam combiner 3, a multimode graded index fiber 4, a filter 5 and an output end cap 6. The output tail fibers of the multimode laser light source 2 are respectively connected with the pump input tail fibers of the pump signal beam combiner 3, and the output tail fibers of the single-mode laser light source 1 are connected with the central signal tail fibers of the pump signal beam combiner 3; the output tail fiber of the pump signal beam combiner 3 is connected with the input end of the multimode graded index optical fiber 4, the output end of the multimode graded index optical fiber 4 is connected with the input end of the filter 5, the output end cap 6 is connected with the output end of the filter 5, the filter 5 filters out the signal light, and finally the output end cap 6 outputs the fiber laser of the required high-order mode.
Referring to fig. 3, the multimode fiber raman laser system is an amplifier structure. Comprises a single-mode laser light source 1, a multimode laser light source 2, a pump signal beam combiner 3, a multimode graded index optical fiber 4, a filter 5, an output end cap 6 and an isolator 7.
The output tail fiber of the multimode laser light source 2 is connected with an isolator 7, and the pump input tail fiber of the pump signal beam combiner 3 is connected through the isolator 7. The output tail fiber of the single-mode laser light source 1 is connected with an isolator 7, and is connected with the central signal tail fiber of the pump signal beam combiner 3 through the isolator 7.
The output tail fiber of the pump signal beam combiner 3 is connected with the input end of the multimode graded index optical fiber 4, the output end of the multimode graded index optical fiber 4 is connected with the input end of the filter 5, the output end cap 6 is connected with the output end of the filter 5, the filter 5 filters out the signal light, and finally the output end cap 6 outputs the fiber laser of the required high-order mode. An isolator is arranged between the output tail fiber of the multimode laser light source and the pump input tail fiber of the pump signal beam combiner, and the isolator is arranged between the output tail fiber of the single-mode laser light source and the central signal tail fiber of the pump signal beam combiner, so that the multimode laser light source and the single-mode laser light source can be protected, and the influence of backward return light is prevented.
Referring to fig. 4, the multimode fiber raman laser system is an oscillator structure. The device comprises a multimode laser light source 2, a pump beam combiner 3, a multimode graded index optical fiber 4, a filter 5, an output end cap 6, an isolator 7, a high reflection fiber grating 8 and a low reflection fiber grating 9.
The output tail fiber of the multimode laser source 2 is connected with an isolator 7, and the pump input tail fiber of the pump beam combiner 3 is connected through the isolator 7. The output tail fiber of the pump beam combiner 3 is connected with the input end of a high-reflection fiber grating 8, the high-reflection fiber grating 8 is connected with the input end of the multimode graded-index fiber 4, the output end of the multimode graded-index fiber 4 is connected with a low-reflection fiber grating 9, and an oscillation cavity is formed between the high-reflection fiber grating 8 and the low-reflection fiber grating 9. The output end of the low reflection fiber grating 9 is connected with the input end of the filter 5, the output end cap 6 is connected with the output end of the filter 5, the filter 5 filters out the signal light, and finally the output end cap 6 outputs the fiber laser with the required high-order mode. An isolator is arranged between the output tail fiber of the multimode laser light source and the pump input tail fiber of the pump beam combiner, so that the multimode laser light source can be protected, and the influence of backward return light can be prevented. The center wavelengths of the high reflection fiber grating 8 and the low reflection fiber grating 9 are the single-mode laser light source wavelengths within the raman gain spectrum corresponding to the center wavelength of the multimode laser light source 2, for example, the frequency shift is 13.2THz, and the corresponding raman gain coefficients are the maximum raman gain coefficients of the quartz fiber or the raman gain coefficients of other frequency shifts. The high reflection fiber grating 8 and the low reflection fiber grating 9 have a single-mode selection function, namely, grating inscription is carried out only in the central area of the fiber core of the fiber, so that effective feedback of a single mode is realized.
The multimode laser is generated by a multimode laser light source, the type of the multimode laser light source is not limited, the wavelength of the multimode laser light source is not limited, and the multimode laser light source can be an optical fiber laser, a semiconductor laser or a solid laser.
The single-mode laser is generated by a single-mode laser light source, and the type of the single-mode laser light source is not limited, and the single-mode laser light source can be an optical fiber laser, a semiconductor laser, a solid laser or the like. The single-mode laser source wavelength is located in the raman gain spectrum corresponding to the center wavelength of the multimode laser source, for example, the frequency shift is 13.2THz, and the raman gain coefficient corresponding to the maximum raman gain coefficient of the quartz fiber or other frequency shift is the raman gain coefficient.
In some embodiments of the present application, the multimode graded-index fiber used is a graded-index fiber without rare earth doping or a rare earth doped graded-index fiber.
In some embodiments of the present application, the multimode graded-index fiber used is a single-clad fiber or a double-clad fiber or a multi-clad fiber.
In some embodiments of the present application, the output pigtail of the multimode laser light source, the output pigtail of the single-mode laser light source, and each pigtail of the pump combiner all employ multimode graded-index fibers.
The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the application, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The method for outputting the high-order mode in the graded-index optical fiber is characterized in that in a multimode optical fiber Raman laser system, multimode laser which needs to be converted is used as pump light to be injected into the fiber core of the multimode graded-index optical fiber, single-mode laser with the base mode content of more than 90% is used as signal light to be injected into the fiber core of the multimode graded-index optical fiber, and the wavelength of the signal light is the wavelength of first-order Stokes corresponding to the pump light; under the effect of the raman beam purification effect of the multimode graded index fiber, pump-stokes conversion is carried out to generate signal light, the energy in the central area of multimode laser is preferentially absorbed and consumed, the center of the transverse distribution of the residual unabsorbed pump light is recessed, the signal light is filtered by a filter, and the residual unabsorbed pump light is finally output by the fiber laser in a high-order mode.
2. The method of outputting high order modes in a graded-index fiber according to claim 1, wherein the multimode laser light is generated by a multimode laser light source, the multimode laser light source being a fiber laser, a semiconductor laser or a solid state laser.
3. The method of outputting high order modes in a graded index fiber according to claim 2, wherein the single mode laser light is generated by a single mode laser light source having a wavelength within a raman gain spectrum corresponding to a center wavelength of the multimode laser light source.
4. A method of outputting higher order modes in a graded-index fiber according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the multimode graded-index fiber is a rare-earth element-doped graded-index fiber or a rare-earth-doped graded-index fiber.
5. The method of outputting high order modes in a graded-index fiber according to claim 4, wherein the multimode graded-index fiber is a single-clad fiber or a double-clad fiber or a multi-clad fiber.
6. The method for outputting high-order modes in graded-index optical fibers according to claim 3, wherein the output pigtails of the multimode laser light source are respectively connected to the pump input pigtails of the pump signal combiner, and the output pigtails of the single-mode laser light source are connected to the central signal pigtails of the pump signal combiner; the output tail fiber of the pumping signal beam combiner is connected with the input end of the multimode graded index optical fiber, the output end of the multimode graded index optical fiber is connected with the input end of the filter, the filter is used for filtering out signal light, and finally, the optical fiber laser in the required high-order mode is output.
7. The method of outputting high order modes in a graded-index fiber according to claim 6, wherein an isolator is provided between an output pigtail of the multimode laser light source and a pump input pigtail of the pump signal combiner, and an isolator is provided between an output pigtail of the single mode laser light source and a center signal pigtail of the pump signal combiner.
8. The method of outputting high order modes in a graded-index fiber according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the output pigtail of the multimode laser light source, the output pigtail of the single-mode laser light source and each pigtail of the pump signal combiner all employ multimode graded-index fiber.
9. The method of outputting high order modes in a graded-index fiber according to claim 8, wherein the multimode fiber raman laser system is an amplifier structure.
10. The method of outputting high order modes in a graded-index fiber according to claim 8, wherein the multimode fiber raman laser system is an oscillator structure.
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| CN110265858A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-09-20 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | High-power Raman fiber laser system for selectively exciting high-order mode |
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