CN114511474A - Intravascular ultrasound image noise reduction method and system, electronic device and storage medium - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method, a system, electronic equipment and a storage medium for reducing noise of intravascular ultrasound images, wherein the method comprises the steps of obtaining a plurality of continuous intravascular ultrasound image signals; comparing the data of each sampling point with a noise threshold according to a preset noise threshold value, recording the data of each sampling point which is larger than the noise threshold as logic 1, recording the data of each sampling point which is smaller than the noise threshold as logic 0, and simultaneously performing logic AND operation with a logic decision value marked by a previous frame sampling point at the same position, wherein the operation result is 1, the real data of the output sampling point is output, if the real data is 0, a black background is output, the logic result of comparison and judgment of each sampling point and the noise of the current frame is recorded for logic judgment of the next frame, and the method combining the preset noise threshold value with the logic operation of the adjacent frame is adopted to filter the actual noise and the image signal to generate random noise, so that the noise reduction processing of the image is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of intravascular ultrasound, in particular to a system for denoising an intravascular ultrasound image, electronic equipment and a storage medium.
Background
Vascular supersound utilizes the transducer to convert the excitation signal that the excitation source produced into the sound wave signal, the sound wave signal is reflected back after meeting the tissue obstacle in the blood vessel and is received by the transducer once more and convert the electric signal back, because the intensity of organizational structure and pathological change tissue reflection echo sound wave is different, consequently, the signal intensity that returns is different, such signal is handled through later algorithm and is finally shown the image through display device, the visual effect of formation can be diagnosed out the pathological change degree by the doctor, supplementary doctor carries out the disease treatment that follows and is convenient for better formulation scheme. Therefore, the reality of the signal returned by the transducer is very important, but in the real device operation, the device itself and the environment where the device is located have various electrical noises, the noises can be returned to the image processing mechanism along with the useful signal, if the noises are serious, the images can present non-real effects and can seriously interfere with the judgment of a doctor, and therefore, the processing and elimination of the noises are a technical problem of the vascular ultrasound system.
At present, the blood vessel ultrasonic equipment probably has the following methods for eliminating noise:
1. the median filtering method is an image processing method for replacing the gray level of a certain point pixel in an image by the intermediate value of the gray levels of a plurality of pixels around the certain point pixel, is a typical application of a statistical sorting filter, utilizes the strong correlation between adjacent pixels in the image, has the most effective median filtering for filtering impulse interference and image scanning noise, and can overcome the image detail blurring brought by a linear filter (such as simple smooth filtering in the field), and has obvious effect of eliminating isolated miscellaneous points by the median filtering.
2. A multi-image average noise reduction method is a method for eliminating noise by repeatedly collecting the same scenery for multiple times and adding the same scenery for averaging, the noise is generally irrelevant in a spatial domain and is additive noise, the statistical characteristic of an image is not needed in the actual operation process, the image detail blurring caused by a linear filter can be overcome, the noise is most effective for filtering impulse interference noise, the static part of the image cannot be changed in the averaging process, and the noise of the image is random and different noise patterns are accumulated slowly, so the influence of random noise can be reduced by averaging a plurality of images. Assuming that there is a set of N images, the power snr at each point in the image is increased by N times by averaging the N images. The amplitude signal-to-noise ratio is the square root of the power signal-to-noise ratio, so the amplitude signal-to-noise ratio is increased along with the increase of the number of images, and the purpose of noise reduction is achieved.
3. In addition to the 2 mentioned above, there are wavelet soft threshold denoising method, BM3D denoising, PCA denoising, etc.
Although the above noise reduction methods can achieve a certain noise reduction purpose, each noise reduction method has a specific use scenario to be most effective, or has the following defects:
1. the median filtering method requires that the boundary gray scale of the image is not excessively large, otherwise boundary blurring occurs;
2. the multi-image average noise reduction method requires that an image is absolutely static, a plurality of images are needed, obvious noise reduction effect cannot be achieved on continuous dynamic images, and useful information is seriously lost;
3. the algorithm is too complex to realize, for example, many mathematical theories are needed for the wavelet soft threshold denoising method, and an algorithm engineer without many years of experience is difficult to understand the principle and realize;
therefore, it is certainly the most powerful tool for signal noise reduction if there is a well-understood and easily implemented solution.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for reducing noise in an intravascular ultrasound image, which employs a method combining a preset noise threshold with a logic operation to filter images of a background noise signal and a random noise generated during a process of continuously obtaining image signals.
In order to achieve the above object, the method for reducing noise of an intravascular ultrasound image according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
s1, obtaining multi-frame continuous intravascular ultrasound image signals;
s2, comparing the amplitude of the return signal of each sampling point in each frame of intravascular ultrasound image signal with a preset noise threshold value one by one, and matching a logic marker value according to the comparison result;
s3, performing logical AND operation on the logical marker values corresponding to the sampling points at the same positions in the intravascular ultrasound image signal of the previous frame and the intravascular ultrasound image signal of the current frame; if the operation result is '1', outputting the real data of the return signal of the current frame sampling point, and if the operation result is '0', outputting the black background of the pixel of the current sampling point;
and S4, repeating S2-S3 until the noise reduction of all the frame intravascular ultrasound image signals is completed, and outputting the final intravascular ultrasound image signals.
Further preferably, in S2, the preset noise threshold is set according to a voltage value of the returned back-transmitted back-noise signal during the intravascular ultrasound signal acquisition process.
Further preferably, in S2, the matching the logical mark value according to the comparison result includes the following steps:
when the amplitude of the return signal of the sampling point is less than the preset noise threshold value, setting the logic mark value of the intravascular ultrasound image signal of the current sampling point to be 0;
and when the amplitude of the return signal of the sampling point is larger than or equal to the preset noise threshold value, setting the logic mark value of the intravascular ultrasound image signal of the current sampling point to be 1.
Further preferably, in S3, the method further includes setting the default logical flag value at the initial time to 0.
The invention also provides a system for reducing the noise of the intravascular ultrasound image signal, which comprises an image acquisition module, a filtering module, a logic operation module and an output module;
the image acquisition module is used for acquiring a plurality of continuous intravascular ultrasound image signals;
the filtering module is used for comparing the amplitude of a return signal of each sampling point in each frame of intravascular ultrasound image signal with a preset noise threshold value one by one and matching a logic marker value according to a comparison result;
the logical operation module is used for carrying out logical AND operation on logical marking values corresponding to sampling points at the same position in the intravascular ultrasound image signals of the previous frame and the current frame; if the operation result is '1', outputting the real data of the return signal of the current sampling point, and if the operation result is '0', outputting the black background of the pixel of the current sampling point;
and the output module is used for outputting the final intravascular ultrasound image signal.
Further preferably, in the filtering module, the preset noise threshold is set according to a returned return signal background noise voltage value in the intravascular ultrasound signal acquisition process.
Further preferably, the filtering module matches the logic tag value according to the comparison result, and includes the following processes:
when the amplitude of the return signal of the sampling point is less than the preset noise threshold value, setting the logic mark value of the intravascular ultrasound image signal of the current sampling point to be 0;
and when the amplitude of the return signal of the sampling point is larger than or equal to the preset noise threshold value, setting the logic mark value of the intravascular ultrasound image signal of the current sampling point to be 1.
Further preferably, the logic operation module sets a default logic flag value at an initial time to 0.
The invention provides an electronic device, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used for storing a computer program; the processor is configured to implement the steps of the above method for reducing noise in an intravascular ultrasound image when executing the computer program.
The present invention provides a storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method of noise reduction of an intravascular ultrasound image as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the noise reduction method and system for the intravascular ultrasound image, the electronic device and the storage medium at least have the following advantages:
1. the method combines the preset noise threshold value with the logic operation, and filters the image of random noise and the environmental background noise generated in the process of continuously acquiring the image signal, so as to realize the noise reduction processing of the continuous image.
2. The method has the advantages that the principle is simple and clear, the method is easy to understand and realize, the algorithm is realized without a complex mathematical theory basis, the occupied hardware resource is less, and no high-end operation processor is needed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for reducing noise in an intravascular ultrasound image according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a noise reduction system for intravascular ultrasound images provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of an aspect of the present invention provides a method for denoising an intravascular ultrasound image, including the following steps:
s1, obtaining multi-frame continuous intravascular ultrasound image signals;
s2, comparing the amplitude of the return signal of each sampling point in each frame of intravascular ultrasound image signal with a preset noise threshold value one by one, and matching a logic marker value according to the comparison result;
s3, performing logical AND operation on the logical marker values corresponding to the sampling points at the same positions in the intravascular ultrasound image signal of the previous frame and the intravascular ultrasound image signal of the current frame; if the operation result is '1', outputting the real data of the return signal of the current sampling point, and if the operation result is '0', outputting the black background of the pixel of the current sampling point;
and S4, repeating the steps S2-S3 until the noise reduction of all the frame intravascular ultrasound image signals is completed, and outputting the final intravascular ultrasound image signals.
Further preferably, in S2, the preset noise threshold is set according to a returned return signal background noise voltage value during the intravascular ultrasound signal acquisition process.
Further preferably, in S2, the matching the logical mark value according to the comparison result includes the following steps:
when the amplitude of the return signal of the sampling point is less than the preset noise threshold value, setting the logic mark value of the intravascular ultrasound image signal of the current sampling point to be 0;
and when the amplitude of the return signal of the sampling point is larger than or equal to the preset noise threshold value, setting the logic mark value of the intravascular ultrasound image signal of the current sampling point to be 1.
Further preferably, in S3, the method further includes setting the default logical flag value at the initial time to 0.
In one embodiment of the present application, 30 frames per second of images are obtained, each frame of image is divided into 512 parts evenly around the entire circumference with the center as the origin, the length of each dividing line is 2304 sampling points, each sampling point stores valid data with 2 bytes, and thus the data amount per second is 2304x512x30x2 ≈ 71M Byte.
Default values of initial image data after device operation: after the system is powered on, the software configures logic identifiers an = cn =0 (1 bit) of 512x2304 sampling points of default frame data, 512x2304 actual data bn =0 (2 Byte), namely, the default background has no image displayed black, and n =512x 2304;
processing of frame data 1: when data acquisition is started, frame 1 data is subjected to down-filtering judgment, for example, the down-filtering judgment is directly carried out on each sampling point, namely each excited return signal bn (1/(512 x 2304)), wherein the down-filtering judgment is carried out on each sampling point, namely each excited return signal bn (1/(512 x 2304)), and the down-filtering judgment is directly carried out on each sampling point, namely, the down-filtering judgment is cn =0 (more than 20mV can be obtained, and if a controllable gain is adopted later, the threshold is adjusted according to the gain), and the up-filtering judgment is logically marked as cn =1 without changing the value of more than 20mV, so that the purpose is to filter out the background noise interference of 20mV, and simultaneously, an is subjected to AND (only) with the AND (the AND) being 1, Y = bn is output, otherwise, Y =0 (because an initial value =0, the output of the first frame is a black screen and is only used as a transition), and then, 512x 4 sampling point logical judgment values of the 1 frame data subjected to noise reduction processing are stored, a1, a2, a3 … … a512x2304 (occupying space 148 KByte);
processing of frame data 2: similarly, the 2 nd frame data is processed according to the above method (b 1, b2 … … b512x 2304), and cn representing the logical identifier of the nth excitation signal bn is logically anded with the logical identifiers an of the n excitation signals stored in the previous frame, and only after the logical identifiers an are 1, Y = bn is output, otherwise, Y =0 is output, and then an = cn is made, that is, the 2 nd frame data logical identifier is stored, and the previous 1 frame is covered;
processing of frame data 3: similarly, the 3 rd frame data is processed according to the above method (b 1, b2 … … b512x 2304), and cn representing the logical identifier of the nth excitation signal bn is logically anded with the logical identifiers an of the n excitation signals stored in the previous frame, and only after the logical identifiers an are 1, Y = bn is output, otherwise, Y =0 is output, and then an = cn is made, that is, the 3 rd frame data logical identifier is stored, and the previous 1 frame is covered;
processing of continuous n frame data: and so on … …
Logic for frame 31 data compensation: the actual useful output of 30 frames is 29 frames, 1 frame needs to be supplemented, namely 31 frames need to meet the requirement of effective 30 frames/S, the effect is only strictly required, if the image always stimulates sampling, the whole process can be carried out regardless, and 1 frame is supplemented after the last 1 frame when the image stops.
The processing is to utilize the fact that the object image between two adjacent frames of images always exists, and the noise is less likely to stay in place within 1/80=12.5ms when the time 1/30=33ms, 1/60=16ms and 80 frames of data of two frames, so that the purpose of noise reduction is achieved.
As shown in fig. 2, the present invention further provides an intravascular ultrasound image signal noise reduction system, which includes an image acquisition module, a filtering module, a logic operation module, and an output module;
the image acquisition module is used for acquiring a plurality of continuous intravascular ultrasound image signals;
the filtering module is used for comparing the amplitude of a return signal of each sampling point in each frame of intravascular ultrasound image signal with a preset noise threshold value one by one and matching a logic marker value according to a comparison result;
the logical operation module is used for carrying out logical AND operation on logical marking values corresponding to sampling points at the same position in the intravascular ultrasound image signals of the previous frame and the current frame; if the operation result is '1', outputting the real data of the return signal of the current sampling point, and if the operation result is '0', outputting the black background of the pixel of the current sampling point;
and the output module is used for outputting the final intravascular ultrasound image signal.
Further preferably, in the filtering module, the preset noise threshold is set according to a voltage value of a returned return bottom noise signal in the intravascular ultrasound signal acquisition process.
Further preferably, the filtering module matches the logic tag value according to the comparison result, and includes the following processes:
when the amplitude of the return signal of the sampling point is less than the preset noise threshold value, setting the logic mark value of the intravascular ultrasound image signal of the current sampling point to be 0;
and when the amplitude of the return signal of the sampling point is larger than or equal to the preset noise threshold value, setting the logic mark value of the intravascular ultrasound image signal of the current sampling point to be 1.
Further preferably, the logic operation module sets a default logic flag value at an initial time to 0.
In specific implementation, reference is made to the specific embodiments provided in the above method, which are not described herein again.
The invention provides an electronic device, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used for storing a computer program; the processor is configured to implement the steps of the above method for reducing noise of an intravascular ultrasound image when executing the computer program.
The present invention provides a storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method of noise reduction of an intravascular ultrasound image as described above.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for reducing noise of an intravascular ultrasound image is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, obtaining multi-frame continuous intravascular ultrasound image signals;
s2, comparing the amplitude of the return signal of each sampling point in each frame of intravascular ultrasound image signal with a preset noise threshold value one by one, and matching a logic marker value according to the comparison result;
s3, performing logical AND operation on the logical marker values corresponding to the sampling points at the same positions in the intravascular ultrasound image signal of the previous frame and the intravascular ultrasound image signal of the current frame; if the operation result is '1', outputting the real data of the return signal of the current sampling point, and if the operation result is '0', outputting the black background of the pixel of the current sampling point;
and S4, repeating S2-S3 until the noise reduction of all the frame intravascular ultrasound image signals is completed, and outputting the final intravascular ultrasound image signals.
2. The method for denoising of intravascular ultrasound images according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the preset noise threshold is set according to a returned back signal voltage value during intravascular ultrasound signal acquisition.
3. The method for reducing noise in an intravascular ultrasound image according to claim 1, wherein the matching the logical marker value according to the comparison result in S2 includes the following steps:
when the amplitude of the return signal of the sampling point is less than the preset noise threshold value, setting the logic mark value of the current sampling point as 0;
and when the amplitude of the return signal of the sampling point is larger than or equal to the preset noise threshold value, setting the logic mark value of the current sampling point as 1.
4. The method for denoising of an intravascular ultrasound image according to claim 1, further comprising setting a default logical flag value of 0 at an initial time in S3.
5. An intravascular ultrasound image signal noise reduction system is characterized by comprising an image acquisition module, a filtering module, a logic operation module and an output module;
the image acquisition module is used for acquiring a plurality of continuous intravascular ultrasound image signals;
the filtering module is used for comparing the amplitude of a return signal of each sampling point in each frame of intravascular ultrasound image signal with a preset noise threshold value one by one and matching a logic marker value according to a comparison result;
the logical operation module is used for carrying out logical AND operation on logical marking values corresponding to sampling points at the same position in the intravascular ultrasound image signals of the previous frame and the current frame; if the operation result is '1', outputting the real data of the return signal of the current sampling point, and if the operation result is '0', outputting the black background of the pixel of the current sampling point;
and the output module is used for outputting the final intravascular ultrasound image signal.
6. The system according to claim 5, wherein the preset noise threshold value in the filtering module is set according to a noise voltage value associated with a returned echo signal during the intravascular ultrasound signal acquisition process.
7. The intravascular ultrasound image signal noise reduction system of claim 5, wherein the filtering module matches the logical marker value based on the comparison, comprising:
when the amplitude of the return signal of the sampling point is less than the preset noise threshold value, setting the logic mark value of the intravascular ultrasound image signal of the current sampling point to be 0;
and when the amplitude of the return signal of the sampling point is larger than or equal to the preset noise threshold value, setting the logic mark value of the intravascular ultrasound image signal of the current sampling point to be 1.
8. The system of claim 5, wherein the logic operation module sets the default logic flag value to 0 at an initial time.
9. An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory, the memory for storing a computer program; the processor, when executing the computer program, performs the steps of the method for denoising an intravascular ultrasound image according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
10. A storage medium having stored thereon a computer program for implementing the steps of the method of noise reduction of an intravascular ultrasound image according to any one of claims 1 to 4 when executed by a processor.
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